CN113905303A - Hearing impairment early warning method and system, storage medium and audio equipment - Google Patents
Hearing impairment early warning method and system, storage medium and audio equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
- H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hearing protection, and discloses a hearing damage early warning method, a hearing damage early warning system, a storage medium and audio equipment, wherein the hearing damage early warning method comprises the following steps: s1: counting the continuous playing time of the earphone and the volume intensity of the earphone, and acquiring the damage critical volume intensity; the damage critical strength is a default storage parameter when the earphone leaves a factory; s2: judging whether the volume intensity of the earphone is smaller than the damage critical volume intensity, if so, returning to the step S1, otherwise, executing the step S3; s3: calculating damage critical time according to the volume intensity of the earphone; s4: judging whether the continuous playing time of the earphone is greater than the damage critical time, if so, executing the step S5, and if not, returning to the step S1; s5: and (4) reducing the volume intensity of the earphone to the damage critical volume intensity, and sending an alarm prompt. The problem of hearing impairment caused by long time of unconsciously using the earphone and large volume of the earphone in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hearing protection, and particularly relates to a hearing damage early warning method, a hearing damage early warning system, a storage medium and audio equipment.
Background
With the rapid popularization of the real wireless TWS earphone, more and more consumers choose to wear the Bluetooth earphone for voice call, music playing and the like, and a lot of users wear the earphone for a long time and strongly depend on the earphone. Medical research shows that when the earphone is worn for a long time, irreversible damage can be caused to the hearing of human ears under the condition of poor control of playing volume. At present, the solution for controlling the volume and protecting the hearing of human ears is mainly to detect the playing volume intensity of an earphone: when the intensity is too large to exceed the threshold value, alarm information is generated or the volume is turned down. Although the scheme can play a certain protection role, the defects still exist.
Firstly, the duration time required for the sound volume with different intensity to damage the hearing of human ears is different, the earphone is not safe after the sound volume is reduced, and the hearing can be damaged if the duration time is long enough; secondly, the playing volume of the earphone is dynamically changed, the hearing impairment of an earphone user is the superposition result of different volume intensities lasting for a period of time, and the prior art does not consider the fact; in addition, the safe volume intensity of people in different age groups is different, the hearing damage parameters are different, and the time required for hearing recovery after broadcasting is suspended is also different. Therefore, a comprehensive and rigorous hearing impairment early warning method is urgently needed to protect and early warn the hearing of people with earphones.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hearing impairment early warning method, a system, a storage medium and audio equipment, and solves the problem that in the prior art, a user unconsciously uses an earphone for a long time and the volume of the earphone is large, so that hearing impairment is caused.
The basic scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the hearing impairment early warning method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring earphone use data and hearing impairment parameters, wherein the earphone use data comprises earphone volume intensity and continuous use time corresponding to the earphone volume intensity; the hearing impairment parameters comprise an impairment critical volume intensity, an impairment critical time and a hearing impairment power function exponent; the hearing impairment parameter is stored by default when the earphone leaves a factory;
s2: calculating the hearing damage value of the time period according to the earphone use data and the hearing damage parameters;
s3: accumulating the hearing impairment values of all time periods to obtain a hearing impairment index;
s4: acquiring an earphone warning threshold, wherein the warning threshold is stored by default when the earphone leaves a factory;
s5: and judging whether the hearing impairment index is larger than a warning threshold, if so, adjusting the volume intensity of the earphone to the impairment critical volume intensity, and sending an alarm prompt.
The principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows: when the earphone is worn, the hearing impairment of human ears can be judged by using a hearing impairment index, the hearing impairment index is obtained by integrating hearing impairment values, and the hearing impairment value is obtained by calculating according to the volume intensity of the earphone, the continuous use time of the volume intensity of the earphone and hearing impairment parameters; and when the hearing impairment index is larger than the warning threshold, judging that the hearing of the user is impaired, prompting the user to stop using the earphone, and adjusting the volume intensity of the earphone to be below the impairment critical volume intensity. The beneficial effect of this scheme: the scheme introduces the concepts of the hearing impairment value and the hearing impairment index, and accurately judges whether the hearing of the user is impaired or not by comparing the hearing impairment index with a warning threshold; in the prior art, a user is usually prompted by characters that the volume intensity of an earphone exceeds a threshold value, which may cause hearing damage, or whether the hearing of the user is damaged is judged according to the playing time length of the earphone under a certain specific volume intensity; compared with the prior art, the method for judging hearing impairment is more scientific and accurate, and has flexibility and pertinence; the scheme judges the damage of the hearing through a professional calculation method, well processes the process that different volume intensities are overlapped for a period of time to cause the hearing damage, adopts a mode of forcibly reducing the volume intensity of the earphone, avoids the user from using overhigh volume intensity of the earphone, unconsciously and continuously uses overlong time, ensures that the hearing of the user is not damaged, and improves the use safety of the earphone.
Further, the step S2 further includes the following steps:
s2-1: judging whether the volume intensity of the earphone is greater than the damage critical volume intensity, if so, executing a step S2-2, otherwise, executing a step S1;
s2-2: and calculating the hearing damage value of the time period according to the earphone use data and the hearing damage parameters.
Has the advantages that: according to the research, when the volume intensity of the earphone is smaller than the damage critical volume intensity, no matter how long the user continuously uses the earphone, the hearing can not be damaged. Compared with the basic scheme, the volume intensity of the earphone is compared with the critical volume intensity of the damage, so that the accuracy of the judgment of the hearing damage in the step S5 is higher, the hearing safety of the user is ensured, the volume intensity of the user who can use the earphone can be adapted to the user, and the use sensitivity of the earphone of the user is improved.
Further, the step S1 further includes the following steps:
s1-1: acquiring earphone use data and user age, wherein the earphone use data comprises earphone volume intensity and continuous use time corresponding to the earphone volume intensity;
s1-2: acquiring corresponding hearing impairment parameters according to the age of a user, wherein the hearing impairment parameters comprise an impairment critical volume intensity, an impairment critical time and a hearing impairment power function exponent; the hearing impairment parameter tables of all age groups are stored when the earphone leaves the factory.
Has the advantages that: because the hearing impairment parameters corresponding to different age groups are different, if the hearing of the user is impaired, but the actual hearing impairment index does not reach the warning threshold, or the volume intensity of the earphone does not reach the impairment critical volume intensity, the step of forcibly turning down the volume is not started, so that the user is not provided with measures and alarm prompts for forcibly turning down the volume, and the hearing of the user is impaired. Therefore, according to the scheme, the age of the user is obtained, and the accurate damage critical time and damage critical volume intensity are obtained according to the age, so that the flexibility of the scheme is improved, and the hearing safety and health of the user are also ensured.
Further, the step S5 includes the steps of:
s5-1: judging whether the hearing impairment index is larger than a warning threshold, if so, reducing the volume intensity of the earphone to the impairment critical volume intensity;
s5-2: acquiring hearing plan recovery time, wherein the hearing plan recovery time is the time when a user needs to suspend using an earphone or/and the time when the volume intensity of the earphone is lower than the critical damage volume intensity during use;
s5-3: and sending an alarm prompt, wherein the alarm prompt comprises hearing plan recovery time information.
Has the advantages that: in order to ensure hearing safety, after hearing of a user is damaged, the user is required to suspend using the earphone within a period of time or the volume intensity of the earphone is lower than the critical damaged volume intensity when the user uses the earphone, the period of time is hearing plan recovery time, and the hearing plan recovery time is stored by default when the earphone leaves a factory. According to the scheme, the hearing plan recovery time is obtained through the hearing impairment index, and the hearing plan recovery time is transferred to the user, so that the user is reminded to reasonably and correctly use the earphone, and the hearing safety of the user is guaranteed.
Further, steps S6 and S7 are also included;
s6: when the volume intensity of the earphone is reduced to the critical volume intensity of the damage, timing is started to obtain the actual recovery time of the hearing, and step S7 is executed;
s7: when the fact that the volume intensity of the earphone is adjusted to be above the damage critical volume intensity by the user is detected, whether the actual recovery time of the user is larger than the hearing plan recovery time or not is judged, if yes, the hearing damage index is cleared, and the step S1 is executed, and if not, an alarm prompt is continuously sent to the user.
Has the advantages that: by timing, whether the hearing of the user is recovered or not is accurately judged, if the actual recovery time of the user is judged to be less than the planned recovery time of the hearing, an alarm prompt is continuously sent to the user, the user knows that the hearing recovery needs to be continuously carried out, the hearing protection consciousness of the user is increased, and the hearing safety of the user is ensured.
Further, the alarm prompt is a voice prompt, the voice prompt includes prompting that the user suspends the use of the earphone and the remaining recovery time, and the remaining recovery time is the difference between the hearing plan recovery time and the actual recovery time.
Has the advantages that: the voice prompt is used, so that a user can clearly and conveniently learn the alarm prompt, the hearing of the user is not damaged, the voice prompt comprises the prompt residual recovery time, the hearing protection consciousness of the user is improved, and the hearing safety of the user is ensured.
Further, the method also includes step S8: and counting the distribution range of the earphone volume intensity of the user and the use frequency of the earphone volume intensity, judging the hearing damage trend of the user according to the counting result, and adjusting the hearing damage parameters of the user according to the hearing damage trend.
Has the advantages that: according to the hearing impairment trend, hearing impairment parameters are adjusted, and compared with the basic scheme, the scheme is more humanized and intelligent, and better use experience is provided for users. For the user with continuously deteriorated hearing impairment, the hearing impairment parameter of the user is adjusted to be low, and the hearing safety of the user is ensured more accurately.
The invention also provides a hearing impairment early warning system, and any one of the hearing impairment early warning methods is used during operation.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned steps of the hearing impairment pre-warning method.
The invention also provides an audio device comprising a memory and a processor; the memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is configured to implement any of the above-mentioned steps of the hearing impairment pre-warning method when executing the computer program.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lesion curve.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a hearing impairment early warning method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
the invention provides a hearing impairment early warning method, a hearing impairment early warning system, a storage medium and audio equipment. Firstly, introducing the concept of hearing impairment index, and firstly, developing the description according to the theory of hearing impairment formation and the concept of hearing impairment index:
a number of scientific studies and experiments have shown that human ear hearing impairment can be described in terms of volume intensity and duration, as shown in fig. 1, denoted as S ═ h (T), and that this function represents the relationship between the volume intensity S that produced the hearing impairment and the duration T of the duration in minutes, i.e. the volume intensity S that produced the hearing impairment for T minutes. S in FIG. 1eReferred to as hearing impairment threshold volume level, when the volume is less than the threshold, it will not cause hearing impairment, otherwise it may. T iseIs the volume intensity SeCausing hearing impairment for a desired period of time. (S)e，Te) The upper graph is divided into two segments. A segment of oblique line on the left (i.e. T)<Te) Volume is greater than SeThe time period T required for hearing impairment is shorter as the volume intensity S is larger. The expression of the curve is as follows:
equation 1:
in the above formula, q is a power function exponent and C is a constant.
And the right segment (i.e., T)>＝Te) Is approximately a horizontal straight line, and represents when the sound volume is less than SeAnd in addition, the hearing loss can not be caused. (T)e，Se) As the intersection point of the two curves, the following relationship can be obtained from equation 1:
equation 2:
because the playing volume intensity of the earphone can dynamically change in the using process, the volume intensity exceeds S within a period of time through statisticsePart of, e.g. S1Last T1Minute, strength S2Last T2Min … …, intensity SmDuration TmAnd (3) minutes. Strength S1Causing hearing impairment for a time T1Minute, S2Hearing impairment time of T2Min …, intensity SmHearing impairment time of TmDefinition of failure to produceThe conditions for hearing impairment were:
equation 3:
t is obtained from equations 1 and 2iExpressed as:
equation 4:
this gives:
equation 5:
the left side of the expression is defined as the hearing impairment index Q, defined as follows:
collecting a time-period volume intensity set S ═ SiI is 0, 1, … …, m, and S isiDuration of Ti. Suppose that the human ear hearing rest recovery duration is T0If a certain SK＜SeAnd for a time duration Ti＞T0If hearing is restored, then { S }iI is discarded from S as 0, 1, … …, kk+1Begin to re-count, S set becomes { SiAnd i is k, 1, … …, m }. After the above processing, the hearing impairment index Q corresponding to the volume intensity set S is represented as:
equation 6:
where m is the length of the set S, SeCritical intensity of damage, TeQ is a hearing impairment power function exponent, and the three constants are uniquely determined by a hearing impairment curve. a isiObtained from the following relation: when S isi＜Se，ai0, otherwise ai＝Si。
When Q is 1 or more, hearing impairment occurs. In order to ensure safety, a number less than 1 is usually set as a warning threshold,warning threshold Qth. At Q > QthThen, the user is required to suspend using the earphone for a period of time, and is set as T0. When the time length of the earphone suspending use exceeds T0And Q is cleared and the accumulative calculation is restarted, otherwise, the alarm is continuously prompted.
The above-mentioned damage threshold volume intensity SeCritical time of damage TeHearing plan recovery time T0And the power function index q is commonly referred to as hearing impairment parameters, the default hearing impairment parameters and a hearing impairment parameter table of each age group are stored when the earphone leaves the factory, and the hearing impairment parameters corresponding to different ages can be inquired through the table. When the user uses the mobile phone, the age of the user is set through the mobile phone connected with the earphone.
In this embodiment, a hearing impairment pre-warning method is disclosed according to the above research, as shown in fig. 2, including the following steps:
s1-1: obtaining earphone usage data and user age, wherein the earphone usage data comprises earphone volume intensity SiAnd duration of use T corresponding to earphone volume intensityi；
S1-2: obtaining corresponding hearing impairment parameters according to the age of a user, wherein the hearing impairment parameters comprise an impairment critical volume intensity SeCritical time of damage TeAnd a hearing impairment power function index q; when the earphone leaves a factory, a hearing impairment parameter table of each age group is stored;
s2-1: judging earphone volume intensity SiWhether or not greater than the damage threshold volume intensity SeIf yes, executing step S2-2, otherwise executing step S1;
s2-2: calculating the hearing damage value of the time period according to the earphone use data and the hearing damage parameters;
s3: accumulating the hearing impairment values of all time periods to obtain a hearing impairment index Q;
s4: obtaining earphone warning threshold QthThe warning threshold QthDefault storage is carried out when the earphone leaves a factory;
s5-1: judging whether the hearing impairment index Q is larger than a warning threshold QthIf yes, the earphone sound is playedMagnitude intensity SiAdjusted down to the damage critical volume intensity Se；
S5-2: obtaining hearing plan recovery time T0The hearing plan recovery time T0For the time when the user needs to pause the use of the earphone, or/and the volume intensity S of the earphone when in useiBelow critical damage volume intensity SeThe time of (d);
s5-3: sending an alarm prompt, wherein the alarm prompt comprises hearing plan recovery time information;
s6: when the earphone volume intensity SiAdjusted down to the damage critical volume intensity SeThen, timing is started to obtain the actual hearing recovery time, and step S7 is executed;
s7: when detecting that the user puts the earphone volume intensity SiAdjusting to damage threshold volume intensity SeIn the above, it is determined whether the actual recovery time of the user is greater than the hearing plan recovery time T0If so, the hearing impairment index Q is cleared and the step S1 is executed, otherwise, the warning prompt is continuously sent to the user. The alarm prompt is a voice prompt, the voice prompt comprises prompting that a user suspends the use of the earphone and the remaining recovery time, and the remaining recovery time is the hearing plan recovery time T0Difference from the actual recovery time.
S8: counting volume intensity S of user earphoneiDistribution range of (1) and volume intensity of each earphoneiAccording to the statistical result, the hearing damage trend of the user is judged, and the hearing damage parameters of the user are adjusted according to the hearing damage trend.
In the embodiment, the hearing impairment index Q day-to-day average value of the earphone is calculated, the change trend of the value in one month is tracked, whether the hearing impairment of the user is deteriorated or not is judged through the low-pass filtering algorithm and the brightening proportion calculation, and if yes, an alarm prompt is sent to the user and the user is prompted to carry out hearing examination. The hearing damage parameters and the hearing damage trend data of the user are reported to the server through the mobile phone, the server carries out big data statistical analysis on the hearing damage parameters and the hearing damage trend, hearing damage parameter setting is optimized, and a basis for improving the hearing protection method is provided for earphone designers.
The specific way of judging whether the hearing impairment is worsened or not according to the change trend of the daily average value of the hearing impairment of the earphone is as follows:
the earphone built-in processing program records the change condition of the hearing impairment index Q in the working time period of the earphone in one day, and obtains the average value of the day:
equation 7:
in the above formula, m is the number of injury indexes collected in one day, QiIs a certain TiDamage index for time period. The earphone built-in processing program can record Q within one monthavgTo obtain a sequence { Q }avg(i) I is 0, 1, … …, M-1, and the total sequence length is M. The sequence firstly removes transient fluctuation in data through a low-pass filtering algorithm to obtain a stable data sequence
Equation 8:
wherein LPF (j) is a low pass filter function with an order of 2 k. Then, the incremental sequence is obtained from the { D (i), i ═ 0, 1, … …, M-2k } sequence
Equation 9: Δ D (i) ═ D (i +1) -D (i) … … (i ═ 0, 1, … …, M-2k-2)
If the number of Δ d (i) greater than 0 is N, the ratio K to the entire sequence is N/(M-2K-1), if K > Kth(KthThe damage trend threshold) indicates that the hearing damage has a worsening trend, and an alarm prompt is timely sent out to prompt the user to carry out hearing examination.
The hearing impairment index Q is dynamically optimized in the following specific manner:
in the using process of the earphone, the volume intensity S of the earphone of the user can be countediThe distribution range of (c) and the frequency of use of each intensity. When the hearing impairment of the user is found to have a worsening trend, the quantity S is reducedeThe parameter is (1-alpha) SeAnd extending T0Is (1+ beta) T0. If the user is found to have no worsening tendency of hearing impairment,then up regulates SeIs (1+ alpha) SeDecrease T0Is (1-beta) T0Wherein α and β are adjustment coefficients. In addition, set SeAnd T0Maximum adjustment range of, limit SeAnd T0Cannot be adjusted too large.
The embodiment also discloses a hearing impairment early warning system which uses the hearing impairment early warning method during operation.
The embodiment also discloses a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the hearing impairment early warning method.
The embodiment also discloses an audio device, which comprises a memory and a processor; the memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is used for realizing the steps of the hearing impairment early warning method when executing the computer program.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and no attempt is made to show structural details of the invention in more detail than is necessary for the fundamental understanding of the art, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how the several forms of the invention may be embodied in practice with the teachings of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The hearing impairment early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring earphone use data and hearing impairment parameters, wherein the earphone use data comprises earphone volume intensity and continuous use time corresponding to the earphone volume intensity; the hearing impairment parameters comprise an impairment critical volume intensity, an impairment critical time and a hearing impairment power function exponent; the hearing impairment parameter is stored by default when the earphone leaves a factory;
s2: calculating the hearing damage value of the time period according to the earphone use data and the hearing damage parameters;
s3: accumulating the hearing impairment values of all time periods to obtain a hearing impairment index;
s4: acquiring an earphone warning threshold, wherein the warning threshold is stored by default when the earphone leaves a factory;
s5: and judging whether the hearing impairment index is larger than a warning threshold, if so, adjusting the volume intensity of the earphone to the impairment critical volume intensity, and sending an alarm prompt.
2. The hearing impairment early warning method of claim 1, wherein: the S2 further includes the steps of:
s2-1: judging whether the volume intensity of the earphone is greater than the damage critical volume intensity, if so, executing a step S2-2, otherwise, executing a step S1;
s2-2: and calculating the hearing damage value of the time period according to the earphone use data and the hearing damage parameters.
3. The hearing impairment early warning method of claim 2, wherein: the step S1 further includes the steps of:
s1-1: acquiring earphone use data and user age, wherein the earphone use data comprises earphone volume intensity and continuous use time corresponding to the earphone volume intensity;
s1-2: acquiring corresponding hearing impairment parameters according to the age of a user, wherein the hearing impairment parameters comprise an impairment critical volume intensity, an impairment critical time and a hearing impairment power function exponent; the hearing impairment parameter tables of all age groups are stored when the earphone leaves the factory.
4. The hearing impairment early warning method of claim 3, wherein: the step S5 includes the steps of:
s5-1: judging whether the hearing impairment index is larger than a warning threshold, if so, reducing the volume intensity of the earphone to the impairment critical volume intensity;
s5-2: acquiring hearing plan recovery time, wherein the hearing plan recovery time is the time when a user needs to suspend using an earphone or/and the time when the volume intensity of the earphone is lower than the critical damage volume intensity during use;
s5-3: and sending an alarm prompt, wherein the alarm prompt comprises hearing plan recovery time information.
5. The hearing impairment early warning method of claim 4, wherein: further comprising steps S6 and S7;
s6: when the volume intensity of the earphone is reduced to the critical volume intensity of the damage, timing is started to obtain the actual recovery time of the hearing, and step S7 is executed;
s7: when the fact that the volume intensity of the earphone is adjusted to be above the damage critical volume intensity by the user is detected, whether the actual recovery time of the user is larger than the hearing plan recovery time or not is judged, if yes, the hearing damage index is cleared, and the step S1 is executed, and if not, an alarm prompt is continuously sent to the user.
6. The hearing impairment early warning method of claim 5, wherein: the alarm prompt is a voice prompt, the voice prompt comprises prompting that a user suspends the use of the earphone and the remaining recovery time, and the remaining recovery time is the difference value between the hearing plan recovery time and the actual recovery time.
7. The hearing impairment early warning method of claim 6, wherein: further comprising step S8: and counting the distribution range of the earphone volume intensity of the user and the use frequency of the earphone volume intensity, judging the hearing damage trend of the user according to the counting result, and adjusting the hearing damage parameters of the user according to the hearing damage trend.
8. Hearing impairment early warning system, its characterized in that: a hearing impairment pre-warning method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used in operation.
9. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by: a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the hearing impairment pre-warning method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An audio device, characterized by: comprising a memory and a processor; the memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is adapted to carry out the steps of the hearing impairment pre-warning method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
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