CN113903202A - Gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training system and automatic evaluation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system and an automatic evaluation method, which belong to the technical field of medical training and comprise a first shell and a second shell which are detachably connected, wherein a clamping structure is arranged at the joint of the first shell and the second shell, a training unit is arranged on the first shell, a training point position is arranged on the training unit, the training point position comprises a mounting seat and a training element, the training unit is made of elastic materials, the training unit is detachably arranged on the first shell through a support, the first shell is connected with the support, jacks are arranged on the second shell, and at least one jack is positioned above the training unit. The invention can be used for gynecological operation practice, solves the problems of model diversification and replacement convenience caused by multiple batches of frequent practice by adopting modularization and detachable design, ensures that the model is more vivid by applying elastic materials, can replace a training unit and a training element, can monitor and record the training process in real time, and can automatically evaluate and judge the training effect.

Description

Gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training system and automatic evaluation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical training models, in particular to a gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training system and an automatic evaluation method.

Background

In modern medical field, surgery is often performed by minimally invasive techniques in order to make the wounds smaller. Laparoscopic surgery is a newly developed minimally invasive method and is a necessary trend for the development of future surgical methods. With the rapid advance of industrial manufacturing technology, the fusion of related subjects lays a firm foundation for the development of new technology and new method, and the more and more skillful operation of doctors makes many of the past open operations replaced by intracavitary operations, thereby generating the training requirement for minimally invasive operations.

The existing minimally invasive surgery training model is usually in a box type, if the Chinese utility model with the bulletin number of CN211427687U discloses a laparoscope simulation training box, the simulation effect is not good, the practice is performed by sewing through a plate-shaped structure, a simulation minimally invasive surgery training simulator is lacking, the simulation practice can be performed, the medical training needs multiple training scenes, multiple training models need to be equipped, the purchase cost is increased, the training models are difficult to meet the requirements of multiple batches of frequent practice, the training effect is still manually evaluated, and the training effect of each person cannot be accurately and efficiently reflected. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simulation training system for gynecological minimally invasive surgery to solve the problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training system and an automatic evaluation method, and aims to solve the technical problems of model diversification, insufficient replacement convenience, difficulty in monitoring a training process, incapability of automatically evaluating a training effect and the like caused by frequent practice of multiple batches.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

gynaecology's minimal access surgery simulation training system, including casing one and the casing two that can dismantle the connection, casing one with two junctions of casing are equipped with the joint structure, be equipped with the training unit on the casing one, be equipped with the training position on the training unit, the training position includes mount pad and training element, the training unit is made by elastic material, the training unit pass through support detachably install in casing one is last, casing one with the leg joint, the jack has on the casing two, has at least one the jack is located the top of training unit. The first shell and the second shell are both made of opaque materials, and form a closed space after being assembled through the clamping structure, so that scenes in real operation can be simulated. The joint structure can be unsmooth complex, the edge of casing one has the recess, the edge of casing two is the flange, the flange can be in through interference fit joint in the recess. The clamping structure can also be of a clamping type, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the edge of the first shell, a plurality of clamping teeth are arranged on the edge of the second shell, the clamping teeth are matched with the bulges, and the bulges can clamp the clamping teeth, so that the first shell and the second shell can be assembled together.

Optionally, the training element has a cut, and a detection point is provided on the cut, and the detection point is connected to an electrical connector through a wire, and the electrical connector is connected to the training detector.

Optionally, the mounting is an aperture or a recess, and the training element is detachably mounted on the mounting.

Optionally, at least one of the jacks has a surgical instrument disposed therein, the surgical instrument having a light emitting element and/or an endoscopic lens, the surgical instrument being connected to the training detector.

Optionally, a camera is arranged in a space surrounded by the first shell and the second shell, and the camera is connected with the training detector.

Optionally, the training unit is detachably connected to the bracket, and the bracket is movably connected to the housing.

Optionally, the training unit is of a hollow structure, the training unit has an open end and a closed end, the open end is connected with the support, and the closed end is arranged in a suspended manner.

Optionally, the detection point includes contact electrodes and/or piezoelectric elements, and the contact electrodes are arranged in pairs on two sides of the notch. The contact electrodes are arranged on the inner side of the incision, the paired contact electrodes can conduct current after being contacted with each other, and the flatness of the incision after being sutured in the operation practice can be known through detecting current signals; the piezoelectric element can output a current signal according to the pressure after the incision is sutured, the current signal is transmitted to a training detector to detect the suture tightness of the incision, and the detection signal output by the detection point can help to obtain a direct and objective training evaluation result.

Optionally, the training detector comprises a main controller, and a memory and a display connected to the main controller, wherein the memory comprises a determination unit and a timing unit.

Optionally, the mount is circular, olive, diamond, spindle, oval or elliptical. The training element covers or is embedded into the mounting seat, and the shape of the joint of the training element and the mounting seat is matched with that of the mounting seat. When the mounting seat is provided with the opening, the training element is embedded into the mounting seat, and the shape of the joint of the training element and the mounting seat is consistent with that of the mounting seat, so that the surface of the training unit is smooth or slightly convex at the position of the training element after the training element is mounted.

The invention also provides an automatic evaluation method for the gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that surgical instruments are inserted into jacks of the gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training system, operation information of the surgical instruments is received, timing is started, image information is collected and transmitted to a display, detection signals output by detection points are received, the detection signals are converted into image information to be displayed on the display, an operation termination instruction is received, timing is terminated, training scores are output after judgment according to the detection signals and operation duration, and the training scores are displayed on the display.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) by means of an assembly structure of the first shell and the second shell, a simulation training model can be provided, the first shell and the second shell are detachably connected, and the training unit is also detachably mounted, so that different types of training units can be conveniently replaced;

(2) the training unit is made of elastic materials, so that more vivid training experience is brought, the training operation hand feeling is facilitated, accurate and standardized training scenes can be provided due to the arrangement of training point positions, the training effect of transversely comparing different persons or comparing the same person front to back is facilitated, the random selection of an operation area in the prior art is avoided, the training effect is reduced, and the evaluation difficulty of the training effect is increased;

(3) the detection points arranged on the cuts provide scientific automatic training and evaluation means, and are more accurate, efficient and visual;

(4) the detachable training element meets the requirement of frequent training of multiple batches, the shell II can be detached after the training element fails or is scrapped, then a new training element can be conveniently replaced, and the training unit can be continuously used, so that the use cost is reduced;

(5) the operation information of the surgical instrument can be transmitted to the training detector, the operation in the training process can be recorded, the operation information can also be used as a trigger signal for training timing, meanwhile, the video image information is recorded by the camera, the subsequent review of the training process is facilitated, and the image information can also assist the effect of the training effect through the application of the image recognition technology;

(6) the hollow three-dimensional design of the training unit is more suitable for the actual conditions of parts of human organs, particularly relevant gynecological organs, and due to the suspended arrangement of the closed end, training points can be arranged on most surfaces of the training unit, so that more training angles can be provided, students can master more skills, and the training effect is improved;

(7) the contact electrode and the piezoelectric element can be embedded or attached in the notch of the training element, the appearance and the operation of the training unit are not influenced during training, the detection mode is reliable and easy to implement, the judgment unit can quickly give out a result according to the signal feedback of the contact electrode, the training evaluation result is displayed in a training score mode, and the method is more visual and objective and can be more suitable for application scenes of multiple batches of frequent training.

In order that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention are obtained will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the second embodiment of the present invention without a second housing;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an upper mounting bracket of the housing in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the completed installation structure of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a training unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the training unit of fig. 4 without training elements installed.

Reference numerals: 1. a first shell; 2. a training unit; 3. a second shell; 11. a support; 12. a support; 13. a base plate; 14. a jack; 21. a mounting seat; 22. an opening; 23. a training element; 24. an open end; 25. and a closed end.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, integrally connected, or detachably connected; either mechanically or electrically, or internally communicating two elements; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.

The gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system comprises a first shell and a second shell which are detachably connected, wherein a clamping structure is arranged at the joint of the first shell and the second shell, a training unit is arranged on the first shell and is provided with a training point position, the training point position comprises a mounting seat and a training element, the training unit is made of elastic materials and is detachably arranged on the first shell through a support, the first shell is connected with the support, jacks are formed in the second shell, and at least one jack is positioned above the training unit. The training element is provided with a cut, a detection point is arranged on the cut and is connected with an electric connector through a lead, and the electric connector is connected with a training detector; the mounting seat is provided with a hole or a recess, and the training element is detachably mounted on the mounting seat; at least one jack is provided with a surgical instrument (not shown in the figure), the surgical instrument is provided with a light-emitting element and/or an endoscope head, and the surgical instrument is connected with a training detector (not shown in the figure); and a camera is arranged in a space surrounded by the first shell and the second shell and is connected with a training detector. The training unit is detachably connected with the bracket, and the bracket is movably connected with the first shell; the training unit is of a hollow structure and is provided with an open end and a closed end, the open end is connected with the bracket, and the closed end is arranged in a suspended manner; the detection points comprise contact electrodes and/or piezoelectric elements, and the contact electrodes are arranged on two sides of the cut in pairs; the training detector comprises a main controller and a memory and a display connected to the main controller, wherein the memory comprises a judgment unit and a timing unit (not shown in the figure).

The installation method of the gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system comprises the steps of installing a support on a first shell, connecting a training unit and the support according to a preset angle, installing a training element on the training unit in advance, leading out a lead or a signal wire from the training unit, installing a second shell on the first shell, inserting a surgical instrument into a jack of the second shell, and connecting the lead or the signal wire with a training detector to complete installation. When the training unit needs to be replaced, only the conducting wire or the signal wire needs to be disconnected, the second shell is detached, and then the training unit can be replaced. The installation and the replacement are very convenient, and the operation can be carried out by common students.

The automatic evaluation method for the gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that surgical instruments are inserted into jacks of the gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training system, operation information of the surgical instruments is received, timing is started, image information is collected and transmitted to a display, detection signals output by detection points are received, the detection signals are converted into image information to be displayed on the display, an operation termination instruction is received, timing is terminated, training scores are output after judgment according to the detection signals and operation duration, and the training scores are displayed on the display.

The calculation method of the training score comprises the following steps: giving an initial score according to the training type, determining the end time of the surgical exercise by taking all surgical instruments as signals, adding N points if the duration time of the surgical operation does not exceed a preset time period, and not adding N points if the duration time of the surgical operation does not exceed the preset time period; multiplying the leveling coefficient output by the detection signal of the detection point by the initial score to obtain a middle score; if the tightness of the notch is not in the preset range, subtracting the M score, otherwise, not subtracting the M score; adding the plus value (+ N) of the operation duration and the minus value (-M) of the closeness on the basis of the intermediate score to obtain a training score; if illegal operation is detected by image information acquired by the camera, the illegal operation comprises that a surgical instrument contacts a component except the training element, the training element is separated from the training unit, and the training point of practice is wrong, the training score is kept, meanwhile, the type of the illegal operation can be preliminarily judged to be unqualified, in addition, the training detector can also output the type of the illegal operation at the same time, and the unqualified result is required to be confirmed and then is recorded as the training result. If the trainees need to confirm the training result, the trainees can review the video clips recorded by the cameras.

The training point location of the actual exercise can also be judged by the detection signals output by the detection points, the detection points correspond to the specific training point location through numbers, and if the detection points on the unspecified training point location output signals, the training point location is judged to have errors.

When the contact electrodes are arranged at the detection points, the detection signal output by each detection point corresponds to one piece of graphic information, if the detection point does not output the detection signal, namely the contact electrode is not conducted, the graphic information is not displayed or displayed in red, if the detection point outputs the detection signal, namely the contact electrode is conducted, the graphic information is activated and displayed or displayed in green, and the greater the number of the graphic information displayed or displayed in green, the better the smoothness of the incision stitching is. For the student, the image information reflected by the detection points can help the student to adjust the operation in time, help the student master the standard operation technique through practice, and avoid the regret of blind operation or post inspection. The image information converted by the detection point comprises a plurality of graphic information, and the quantity of the graphic information displayed or displayed as green has a certain proportion which can be used as a leveling coefficient to calculate the training score.

The current signal output by the piezoelectric element can be used for judging whether the tightness of the incision stitching is within a preset range, if the tightness is not within the preset range, M is subtracted, otherwise, M is not subtracted.

If the image information collected by the camera detects that the surgical instrument stops operating and is not pulled out, prompt information is sent out to remind a student to pull out the surgical instrument.

In another embodiment, if only the contact electrode is used as the detection point, the training score is calculated by: adding the score (+ N) of the operation duration to the intermediate score to obtain a training score; if the test points are only piezoelectric elements, the plus value (+ N) of the operation duration and the minus value (-M) of the tightness are added by the initial value of a certain training type to obtain a training value.

Example 1

The gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system shown in fig. 1-5 comprises a first shell 1, a training unit 2 and a second shell 3, wherein the training unit 2 is a simulated uterus and is a simulated uterus with a lesion volume larger than that of a normal uterus, the front end of the second shell 3 is connected with the front end of the first shell 1, a support 11 is arranged on the first shell 1, the training unit 2 is connected with the support 11, a training point is arranged on the training unit 2 and comprises a mounting seat and a training element, the mounting seat of the training point is embedded with a training element 23, the training element 23 is made of hydrogel, low-density polyethylene or silicone rubber, and when the training unit 2 is a simulated uterus, the training point is positioned at the bottom of the uterus, the front wall, the left front wall, the right rear wall, the left rear wall, the right rear wall, the middle of the cervix or the left cervix; the bottom of the first shell 1 is a bottom plate 13, the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate 13 are both provided with strip-shaped connecting blocks, the first shell 1 is connected with the second shell 3 in a clamping manner through the connecting blocks on the bottom plate 13, the clamping structure is one of clamping structures, and the second shell can be connected with the connecting blocks through screws, so that a better fastening effect is achieved; the joint structure of the first 1 and second 3 joints of the casing can also be concave-convex matched or buckled, the bottom plate 13 is provided with a support 11 near the front end concave, the upper end of the support 11 is provided with a support 12 in the horizontal direction, the open end 24 of the training unit 2 is provided with a rectangular opening 22, the support 12 can be inserted into the opening 22, the shape of the opening 22 is matched with that of the support 12 and is square, and the open end 24 is connected with the support 11 through the support 12. This embodiment uses screws or bolts to connect open end 24 to holder 12 by making holes in open end 24 and holder 12 at locations corresponding thereto, and then inserting screws or bolts to secure open end 24 to holder 12. Of course, the open end 24 and the base 12 may be screwed or snapped, which can achieve the effect of being detachable and firmly connected without worrying about the change of the installation angle of the training unit 2.

As shown in fig. 3, a second shell 3 is arranged outside the first shell 1, the second shell 3 is in a shape simulating the trunk of a human body, the simulated trunk of the human body is the waist, the abdomen, the crotch and the root of the thigh, a plurality of jacks 14 commonly used in operation are arranged on the second shell 3, in the embodiment, the jacks 14 are distributed on the upper surface of the second shell 3, the jacks 14 are arranged on the upper part of the second shell 3, one jack 14 is arranged above the training unit, and the jacks 14 are close to the closed end 25 of the training unit 2. In use, a surgical instrument (not shown) is inserted or inserted through the receptacle 14.

As shown in fig. 4, the training unit 2 comprises an open end 24 and a closed end 25 which are connected with each other, wherein the open end 24 and the closed end 25 are both made of silicon rubber, polypropylene or high density polyethylene, a certain angle is formed at the joint of the open end 24 and the closed end 25, an included angle of about 30 degrees is formed between the lower surface of the closed end 25 and the bottom plate 13, the transverse diameter of a normal uterus is 40mm-50mm, the model of the embodiment simulates a diseased uterus, and the volume is larger, so the transverse diameter of the closed end of the training unit 2 of the embodiment is larger than 50mm, and is preferably 83.2 mm.

As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the closed end 25 of the training unit 2 is further provided with 3 mounting seats 21, and the mounting seats 21 are respectively located at the middle position of the upper wall of the closed end 25 and at two sides of the closed end 25. Of course, mounting seat 21 may be on the side rear wall of closed end 25, mounting seat 21 may be on the left side rear wall of closed end 25, or on the right side rear wall of closed end 25, and mounting seat 21 may also be provided on open end 24, preferably near the end of the open end, i.e. simulating the position of the cervix in the uterus of a human being. As shown in fig. 5, a detachable training element 23 with a shape adapted to the shape is disposed on the mounting base 21, different training elements 23 can be inserted according to different requirements, the training element 23 is made of polymer hydrogel or polyethylene resin, a notch is disposed on the training element 23, contact electrodes (not shown in the figure) are disposed on two sides of the notch, the contact electrodes on two sides of the notch are opposite to each other, and the contact electrodes are connected to a training detector through an electrical connector; since the size or shape of the training element 23 is limited by the size of the uterus, the training element 23 may be circular, olive, diamond, spindle, oval or elliptical; in the embodiment, if the training element is circular, the diameter of the training element is maximally 30-40 mm, the length of the incision for simulating surgical suture on the training element 23 is 20-30 mm, the circular training element is convenient for adjusting the installation angle and providing different suture training angles, and the olive-shaped, diamond-shaped, spindle-shaped, oval or elliptical training element is helpful for determining the installation angle, so that standardized and unified assembly of factory products is realized, and a standard training model is provided for a user; if the training element is oval, the major diameter can reach 40mm-50mm, the width can reach 20mm-30mm, and the incision length can reach 30mm-40 mm. The operating personnel can select different training components according to actual need, if the operation is improper or the incision is damaged due to frequent use, the operation can also be directly replaced, and the use cost is reduced.

The training detector comprises a main controller, a memory and a display, wherein the memory and the display are connected with the main controller, the display is preferably a touch screen display, and the endoscope is used for collecting video signals of suturing operation; the display is arranged beside the second shell 3, is electrically connected with the endoscope and receives signals collected by the endoscope, and displays the suturing process.

In other embodiments, a support structure is further disposed between the first housing 1 and the training unit 2 to adapt to installation positions of different types of simulated organs, so that the position of the training unit 2 is similar to the actual position of the human organ, and the training unit 2 is prevented from moving.

In other embodiments, a plurality of supports 12 are provided on the support 11, and the mounting height of the training unit 2 can be selectively adjusted.

In other embodiments, the support 11 is movably connected to the bottom plate 13, preferably by a damping bearing, and the angle of the support 11 can be adjusted, and the installation angle of the training unit 2 can also be adjusted.

In other embodiments, the incision of the training element is further provided with a piezoelectric element, which can detect the incision tightness of the suturing exercise.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. Gynaecology's minimal access surgery simulation training system, its characterized in that, including casing one and the casing two of can dismantling the connection, casing one with the two junctions of casing are equipped with the joint structure, be equipped with the training unit on the casing one, be equipped with the training point position on the training unit, the training point position includes mount pad and training element, the training unit is made by elastic material, the training unit pass through support detachably install in casing one is last, casing one with the leg joint, the jack has on the casing two, has at least one the jack is located the top of training unit.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the training element has a cut, and a detection point is arranged on the cut and connected with an electric connector through a lead, and the electric connector is connected with a training detector.

3. A simulated training system for gynecological minimally invasive surgery according to claim 1, wherein the mounting seat is an opening or a recess, and the training element is detachably mounted on the mounting seat.

4. A gynaecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system according to claim 2, at least one of the jacks having a surgical instrument therein, the surgical instrument having a light emitting element and/or an endoscope head, the surgical instrument being connected to the training detector.

5. The gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a camera is arranged in a space surrounded by the first shell and the second shell, and the camera is connected with the training detector.

6. The system for the simulated training of the gynecological minimally invasive surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the training unit is detachably connected with the bracket, and the bracket is movably connected with the shell.

7. The gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the training unit is of a hollow structure and is provided with an open end and a closed end, the open end is connected with the bracket, and the closed end is arranged in a suspended manner.

8. The gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system according to claim 2, 4 or 5, wherein the detection points comprise contact electrodes and/or piezoelectric elements, and the contact electrodes are arranged on two sides of the incision in pairs.

9. The gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training system according to claim 2, 4 or 5, wherein the training detector comprises a main controller, a memory and a display, the memory and the display are connected to the main controller, and the memory contains a determination unit and a timing unit.

10. The automatic evaluation method for gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulated training is characterized by comprising the following steps of: inserting surgical instruments into the jacks of the gynecological minimally invasive surgery simulation training system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, receiving operation information of the surgical instruments, starting timing, collecting image information and transmitting the image information to a display, receiving detection signals output by a detection point, converting the detection signals into image information and displaying the image information on the display, receiving an operation termination instruction, terminating timing, and outputting training scores after judgment according to the detection signals and operation duration, wherein the training scores are displayed on the display.

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