CN113901662B - Elevation-variable adaptability assessment method for supercharged diesel engine - Google Patents
Elevation-variable adaptability assessment method for supercharged diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating elevation-variable adaptability of a supercharged diesel engine in the technical field of internal combustion engines, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring safe operation limit values of the diesel engine and the supercharger; respectively calculating the supercharging pressure corresponding to the combustion detonation pressure limit and the exhaust temperature limit and the pressure ratio corresponding to the overspeed limit of the gas compressor; calculating available energy of the turbocharger when the power is recovered to reach a combustion detonation pressure limit, an exhaust temperature limit and a compressor overspeed limit value; and drawing the available energy and the corresponding altitude point connecting line when the obtained limit values are reached and the power is recovered, wherein the altitude is taken as a horizontal axis, the available energy is taken as a vertical axis, and a closed area defined by the vertical axis and the connecting line is the diesel engine variable altitude power recovery constraint area. The method can be used for measuring the influence of the supercharging parameters on the variable altitude performance of the diesel engine to obtain the variable altitude power recovery constraint domain of the supercharged diesel engine under each limit value, and achieves the purpose of evaluating the variable altitude adaptability of the supercharged diesel engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an altitude adaptability evaluation method in the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a supercharged diesel engine altitude-variable adaptability evaluation method measured by using an altitude-variable power recovery constraint domain.
Background
In high altitude environment, the atmospheric density is obviously reduced, which leads to insufficient air intake of the diesel engine. How to recover power in a plateau environment is a significant challenge for engines. In China, the average altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau called world ridge is more than 4KM, and the variable altitude performance of heavy power equipment using a diesel engine as main power has the relation of soil taking safety of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China.
Turbocharging works by using the energy of exhaust gas to improve the air input, and is a key technology for recovering the high-performance of the diesel engine. However, the turbocharger has a narrow efficient and stable operation range and is difficult to adapt to the requirements of the variable-altitude engine on wide and variable working conditions. Therefore, how to ascertain the altitude-changing adaptive capacity of the supercharged diesel engine is an urgent problem to be solved. At present, a large number of experiments are carried out aiming at the influence of the altitude-variable condition on the performance of the diesel engine, the change rule of the altitude-variable performance of the diesel engine is summarized, and the altitude-variable performance of the diesel engine is improved. However, the altitude research on the ultimate recovery power of the diesel engine is still little, and the altitude adaptive capacity research on different types of turbocharged diesel engines is lacked. Therefore, an evaluation method for elevation-variable adaptive performance of a supercharged diesel engine is needed, which can not only evaluate supercharged diesel engines of different types, but also obtain the ultimate recovery power elevation of the diesel engine. However, in the prior art, no relevant patent exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technology, the invention provides a method for evaluating the altitude-variable adaptability of the supercharged diesel engine, which can measure the altitude adaptability of the supercharged diesel engine by using a constraint domain capable of obtaining the recovery of the altitude-variable power.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and the invention comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a combustion explosion pressure limit, an exhaust temperature limit and an over-speed limit of a gas compressor of the operation of a diesel engine and a supercharger according to user requirements and original plant data of the engine; secondly, respectively calculating the supercharging pressure corresponding to the combustion detonation pressure limit and the exhaust temperature limit according to the thermodynamic process; thirdly, solving a pressure ratio corresponding to the overspeed limit of the gas compressor according to a thermodynamic process; fourthly, according to the thermodynamic process, when the combustion detonation pressure limit and the exhaust temperature limit are reached at different altitudes, the pressure ratio corresponding to the plain power is recovered; fifthly, solving the supercharging pressure corresponding to the plain power when the overspeed limit of the gas compressor is reached at different altitudes according to the thermodynamic process; sixthly, according to the formula
Respectively calculating available energy of the turbocharger when the power is recovered when the combustion detonation pressure limit, the exhaust temperature limit and the gas compressor overspeed limit are reached
In the formula: e n Is available energy, and has the unit of J, N is the diesel engine oil rotating speed, and has the unit of r/min, V s Is the diesel engine displacement and has the unit of L, E n /NV S To take account of the available diesel engine speed N and displacement Vs, E n /NV S The unit is the same as the unit of pressure and is kPa,
to a scavenging coefficient, P c Is the boost pressure in Pa, R represents the gas constant, T in Is the air temperature in the air inlet pipe of the diesel engine and has the unit of K and C P，a Represents the specific heat capacity of gas at constant pressure, and has the unit of J/(kg. K) and T 0 Expressed as the atmospheric temperature at an altitude of 0km in units of K, pi c Is a supercharging pressure ratio, and k is a polytropic exponent; seventhly, drawing the available energy and the corresponding altitude point connecting line when the power is recovered when the limit values are reached, which are obtained in the steps, wherein the altitude is taken as the horizontal axis, the available energy is taken as the vertical axis, and the vertical axis and the connecting line are used for drawingThe enclosed area is a diesel engine variable altitude power recovery constraint area; under the same altitude, the heat discharge limiting line, the overspeed limiting line and the detonation pressure limiting line are arranged from bottom to top in sequence.
According to experimental research, the equivalent turbine area and the total efficiency of the supercharger are important factors influencing the variable-altitude performance of the supercharged engine. By the law of the influence of the two factors on the diesel engine in the over-temperature, over-speed and over-pressure limits, the power recovery altitude under each limit can be obtained, and therefore the constraint boundary of the equivalent turbine area and the total efficiency of the supercharger on the plateau power recovery of the diesel engine is obtained. Power recovery can be achieved within the constrained domain by adjusting the equivalent turbine area or the overall efficiency and oil mass of the supercharger. Further research shows that the equivalent turbine area and the total supercharger efficiency indirectly influence the constraint domain, the influence of the supercharging pressure ratio and the supercharging pressure on the constraint domain is reflected behind the constraint domain, the supercharging pressure ratio and the supercharging pressure are key factors influencing the variable-altitude power recovery of the engine, but the two supercharging parameters change and the constraint domain also changes accordingly. Aiming at the problem, the available energy E of the supercharging system is provided n To cover the effect of the boost parameter on the constraint domain. And measuring the altitude adaptability of the supercharged diesel engine by using a constraint domain capable of solving the variable altitude power recovery.
The invention provides an evaluation method for the variable altitude adaptability of a supercharged diesel engine, which can be used for measuring the influence of supercharging parameters on the variable altitude performance of the diesel engine to obtain a variable altitude power recovery constraint domain of the supercharged diesel engine under each limit value so as to achieve the purpose of evaluating the variable altitude adaptability of the supercharged diesel engine.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the method is reasonable in design, simple and effective, the altitude adaptability of the supercharged diesel engine is measured by the aid of the constraint domain capable of obtaining the variable altitude power recovery, and the method can be widely applied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a variable altitude power recovery constraint domain of a diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments and specific operations of the embodiments are provided on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The flow scheme which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the technical personnel in the technical field is within the protection scope determined by the claims of the invention.
Examples
Taking a certain supercharged diesel engine as an example, a specific embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and 2. Firstly, acquiring safe operation limit values of a supercharged diesel engine, wherein the safe operation limit values comprise a combustion explosion pressure limit value 13200kPa, an exhaust temperature limit value 1023K and a compressor rotating speed limit value 132000 r/min; according to the thermodynamic process, respectively calculating the supercharging pressure and the pressure ratio of the supercharged diesel engine when reaching each operation limit value at different altitudes and recovering to plain power, wherein the pressure ratio is 3.4 when reaching the detonation pressure limit value and the supercharging pressure is 2.7bar when reaching the altitude of 4 KM; using a formula
Determining available energy of a turbocharger at various operating limits
If the power is recovered when the detonation pressure limit value is reached at the altitude of 2KM, the available energy is 2.6 kPa; and (3) when the different altitudes reach the operation limit values, drawing an available energy connecting line corresponding to the recovery power, wherein the horizontal axis corresponds to the altitude and the vertical axis corresponds to the available energy to obtain a variable-altitude power recovery constraint domain of the diesel engine, as shown in fig. 1. The evaluation of the variable altitude adaptation of a supercharged diesel engine using the constraint domain will be described below.
Taking fig. 1 as an example, for a certain supercharged diesel engine with determined supercharging parameters, the available energy is 1.5kPa, the parallel line parallel to the horizontal axis is made to obtain the intersection point of the exhaust temperature limit lines, the altitude 1.5KM corresponding to the intersection point is the ultimate recovered power altitude, that is, the supercharged diesel engine can realize power recovery to plain power by adjusting the oil amount within 1.5KM, that is, the supercharged diesel engine has variable altitude adaptability within 1.5KM altitude.
Also taking fig. 1 as an example, the limit altitude of the recovered power of the supercharged diesel engine obtained by the intersection point of the overspeed limit line and the exhaust temperature limit line is 4.2KM, that is, within the altitude of 4.2KM, the power can be recovered to the plain power by adjusting the supercharging parameter and the oil amount, for example, in this example, the supercharging pressure and the pressure ratio are adjusted to enable the available power to reach 2.15kPa, and then the power recovery can be realized. I.e., at 4.2KM, the supercharged diesel engine has variable altitude adaptation.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely exemplary for better understanding of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention as long as the modifications are made according to the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for evaluating the elevation-variable adaptability of a supercharged diesel engine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, acquiring a combustion detonation pressure limit, an exhaust temperature limit and a compressor overspeed limit of the operation of a diesel engine and a supercharger according to user requirements and original engine plant data;
secondly, respectively calculating the supercharging pressure corresponding to the combustion detonation pressure limit and the exhaust temperature limit according to the thermodynamic process;
thirdly, solving a pressure ratio corresponding to the overspeed limit of the gas compressor according to a thermodynamic process;
fourthly, according to the thermodynamic process, when the combustion explosion pressure limit and the exhaust temperature limit are reached at different altitudes, the pressure ratio corresponding to the plain power is recovered;
fifthly, calculating the supercharging pressure corresponding to the plain power when the overspeed limit of the air compressor is reached under different altitudes according to the thermodynamic process;
sixth, according to the formula
Respectively calculating available energy of the turbocharger when the power is recovered when the combustion detonation pressure limit, the exhaust temperature limit and the gas compressor overspeed limit are reached
In the formula: e n Is available energy, and has the unit of J, N is the diesel engine oil rotating speed, and has the unit of r/min, V s Is the diesel engine displacement and has the unit of L, E n /NV S For considering the rotating speed N and the discharge V of the diesel engine s Available energy of (E) n /NV S The unit is the same as the unit of pressure and is kPa,
to a scavenging coefficient, P c Is the boost pressure in Pa, R represents the gas constant, T in Is the air temperature in the air inlet pipe of the diesel engine and has the unit of K and C P，a Represents the specific heat capacity of gas at constant pressure, and has the unit of J/(kg. K) and T 0 Expressed as the atmospheric temperature at an altitude of 0km in units of K, pi c Is a supercharging pressure ratio, and k is a polytropic exponent;
seventhly, drawing available energy and a corresponding altitude point connecting line when the obtained limit values are reached and the power is recovered, wherein the altitude is taken as a horizontal axis, the available energy is taken as a vertical axis, and a closed area defined by the vertical axis and the connecting line is a diesel engine variable altitude power recovery constraint area; under the same altitude, a temperature exhaust limiting line, an overspeed limiting line and an explosion pressure limiting line are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.
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