CN113901650A - Simulation method and device of photovoltaic system - Google Patents
Simulation method and device of photovoltaic system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method and device of a photovoltaic system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string, wherein the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relation; acquiring the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage; identifying that the calculated voltage is smaller than any simulation voltage, taking the calculated voltage as a candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system, and taking the sum of any simulation current of each photovoltaic group string as a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system; and acquiring a simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system based on the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current. Therefore, a simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to the hierarchical structure of the single battery, the photovoltaic component, the photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic system, and the acquisition of the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a simulation method and device of a photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic system, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
At present, photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of safety, reliability, small pollution, short construction period and the like and is widely applied. For example, photovoltaic power generation can be applied to household roof grid-connected power generation to meet household power consumption requirements, and photovoltaic power generation can also be applied to solar automobiles to meet power consumption requirements of devices such as battery charging devices, vehicle-mounted air conditioners and vehicle-mounted ventilation fans in the automobiles. In the prior art, a photovoltaic system can be simulated to research parameters such as output characteristics of the photovoltaic system, however, the conventional simulation method of the photovoltaic system is not flexible enough and cannot meet the simulation requirement of the photovoltaic system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the art described above.
Therefore, a first objective of the present invention is to provide a simulation method for a photovoltaic system, which may construct a simulation model for the photovoltaic system according to a hierarchical structure of a cell-photovoltaic module-a photovoltaic string-the photovoltaic system, obtain a calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, and determine a candidate output voltage and a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current respectively if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, so as to obtain a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system, thereby obtaining a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a simulation device of a photovoltaic system.
A third object of the invention is to propose a photovoltaic system.
A fourth object of the invention is to propose an electronic device.
A fifth object of the present invention is to propose a computer-readable storage medium.
The embodiment of the first aspect of the invention provides a simulation method of a photovoltaic system, wherein the photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic string connected in parallel, each photovoltaic string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, and each photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of single cells connected in series and/or in parallel;
the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string, wherein the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relation; acquiring the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage; identifying that the calculated voltage is less than any of the simulated voltages, taking the calculated voltage as a candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system, and taking the sum of any of the simulated currents of each photovoltaic string as a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system; and acquiring a simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system based on the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current.
According to the simulation method of the photovoltaic system, a simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to a hierarchical structure of a single battery, a photovoltaic component, a photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic system, the calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string is obtained based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current of the photovoltaic system are determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current respectively, the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system is further obtained, and the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system can be obtained.
In addition, the simulation method of the photovoltaic system proposed according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in an embodiment of the present invention, the acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of any photovoltaic string includes: acquiring a first value range of the simulation voltage; discretizing the first value range based on a first preset number of the simulation voltages to generate a simulation voltage set; acquiring a second value range of the simulation current corresponding to any simulation voltage; discretizing the second value range based on a second preset number of the simulation currents to generate the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining a calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage includes: acquiring voltage and current characteristics which have a mapping relation with the single battery; aiming at any single battery, acquiring candidate calculation voltage of the any single battery based on the any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics; obtaining the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic group string based on the candidate calculated voltage of each single battery in any photovoltaic group string.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: acquiring a first identifier of the single battery and a second identifier of the voltage-current characteristic; and establishing a mapping relation between the single battery and the voltage-current characteristics based on the first identification and the second identification.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-current characteristics include a five-parameter model of the single battery, where the five-parameter model is constructed based on a short circuit point, an open circuit point, a maximum power point, a current, and a voltage of the single battery; the obtaining a candidate calculated voltage of the any single battery based on the any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics includes: and substituting any simulation current into the five-parameter model to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the candidate calculated voltage of the any single battery based on the any simulated current and the voltage-current characteristic includes: obtaining a difference value between any simulation current and any candidate current in the preset current matrix, and selecting a plurality of target currents from the preset current matrix based on the difference value; acquiring a corresponding target voltage of the target current in the preset voltage matrix based on a corresponding relation between the candidate voltage in the preset voltage matrix and the candidate current in the preset current matrix; and processing the target voltage by adopting an interpolation method to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
In one embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic module is connected in series with a maximum power point tracking, MPPT, controller.
The embodiment of the second aspect of the invention provides a simulation device of a photovoltaic system, wherein the photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic string connected in parallel, each photovoltaic string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, and each photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of single cells connected in series and/or in parallel;
the device comprises: the photovoltaic string simulation system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string, and the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relation; the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage; the identification module is used for identifying that the calculated voltage is smaller than any simulation voltage, taking the calculated voltage as a candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system, and taking the sum of any simulation current of each photovoltaic group string as a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system; and the third acquisition module is used for acquiring a simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system based on the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current.
According to the simulation device of the photovoltaic system, a simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to a hierarchical structure of a single battery, a photovoltaic component, a photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic system, the calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string is obtained based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current of the photovoltaic system are determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current, the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system is further obtained, and the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system can be obtained.
In addition, the simulation apparatus of the photovoltaic system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in an embodiment of the present invention, the first obtaining module is further configured to: acquiring a first value range of the simulation voltage; discretizing the first value range based on a first preset number of the simulation voltages to generate a simulation voltage set; acquiring a second value range of the simulation current corresponding to any simulation voltage; discretizing the second value range based on a second preset number of the simulation currents to generate the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second obtaining module is further configured to: acquiring voltage and current characteristics which have a mapping relation with the single battery; aiming at any single battery, acquiring candidate calculation voltage of the any single battery based on the any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics; obtaining the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic group string based on the candidate calculated voltage of each single battery in any photovoltaic group string.
In one embodiment of the invention, the apparatus further comprises: a mapping module to: acquiring a first identifier of the single battery and a second identifier of the voltage-current characteristic; and establishing a mapping relation between the single battery and the voltage-current characteristics based on the first identification and the second identification.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-current characteristics include a five-parameter model of the single battery, where the five-parameter model is constructed based on a short circuit point, an open circuit point, a maximum power point, a current, and a voltage of the single battery; the second obtaining module is further configured to: and substituting any simulation current into the five-parameter model to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-current characteristics include a preset voltage matrix and a preset current matrix of the single battery, and the second obtaining module is further configured to: obtaining a difference value between any simulation current and any candidate current in the preset current matrix, and selecting a plurality of target currents from the preset current matrix based on the difference value; acquiring a corresponding target voltage of the target current in the preset voltage matrix based on a corresponding relation between the candidate voltage in the preset voltage matrix and the candidate current in the preset current matrix; and processing the target voltage by adopting an interpolation method to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
In one embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic module is connected in series with a maximum power point tracking, MPPT, controller.
An embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic system, including: a plurality of parallel-connected photovoltaic strings, each of said photovoltaic strings comprising a plurality of series-connected photovoltaic modules, each of said photovoltaic modules comprising a plurality of series-connected and/or parallel-connected cells, and a simulation apparatus for a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.
The photovoltaic system comprises a simulation device of the photovoltaic system, a simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to a hierarchical structure of a single battery, a photovoltaic component, a photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic system, the calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string is obtained based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current of the photovoltaic system are determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current respectively, the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system is further obtained, and the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system can be obtained.
In addition, the photovoltaic system provided according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in one embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic module is connected in series with a maximum power point tracking, MPPT, controller.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: the simulation system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the simulation method of the photovoltaic system according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.
According to the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the processor executes the computer program stored on the memory, the simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to the hierarchical structure of the single battery-photovoltaic assembly-photovoltaic group string-photovoltaic system, the calculated voltage of the photovoltaic group string is obtained based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current of the photovoltaic system are respectively determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current, the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system is further obtained, and the acquisition of the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system can be realized.
An embodiment of a fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the simulation method for a photovoltaic system according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
The computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention stores a computer program and is executed by a processor, a simulation model of a photovoltaic system can be constructed according to a hierarchical structure of a single battery-photovoltaic module-photovoltaic string-photovoltaic system, a calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string can be obtained based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, a candidate output voltage and a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system can be determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current, a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system can be obtained, and the acquisition of the simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system can be realized.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of simulating a photovoltaic system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of any one photovoltaic string in a simulation method of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of acquiring a calculated voltage of any one photovoltaic string in a simulation method of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of simulating a photovoltaic system according to one specific example of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation apparatus of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic system according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes a simulation method and apparatus of a photovoltaic system, an electronic device, and a storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a simulation method of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a simulation method of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string, wherein the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic system 200 includes a plurality of parallel-connected photovoltaic strings 210, each photovoltaic string 210 includes a plurality of series-connected photovoltaic modules 220, and each photovoltaic module 220 includes a plurality of series-connected and/or parallel-connected cells 230 (not shown in the figure). It should be noted that, the connection manner between the plurality of unit cells 230 in the photovoltaic module 220 is not limited too much, and the connection manner may be at least one of a series connection and a parallel connection, for example, each photovoltaic module 220 includes a plurality of unit cells 230 connected in series.
In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module is connected in series with a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller. Therefore, the maximum power point tracking control can be carried out on each photovoltaic assembly, so that each photovoltaic assembly is in a maximum power point operation state, and the output power of the photovoltaic system is improved.
It is understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, the simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to the hierarchical structure of the single battery-photovoltaic component-photovoltaic string-photovoltaic system.
It is understood that a plurality of photovoltaic string are connected in parallel, that is, the voltages at both ends of each photovoltaic string are the same.
In the embodiment of the invention, a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string can be obtained, wherein the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relation. It can be understood that, under the same simulation voltage, different photovoltaic strings may correspond to different sets of simulation currents, and different simulation voltages may correspond to different sets of simulation currents.
In one embodiment, the photovoltaic system further comprises at least one inverter, a plurality of inverters are connected in parallel, and each inverter is connected in parallel with the photovoltaic string. Optionally, the simulation voltage set may be dynamically set according to the dc bus voltage of the inverter, so that the voltage of the photovoltaic string is dynamically matched with the dc bus voltage of the inverter, and mismatch loss caused by series-parallel connection of the photovoltaic strings is eliminated.
In one embodiment, a mapping relation or a mapping table between the simulation voltage and the simulation current set may be established in advance, and after the simulation voltage is obtained, the mapping relation or the mapping table may be queried to obtain the simulation current set corresponding to the simulation voltage. It should be noted that the mapping relationship or the mapping table may be set according to actual situations, and is not limited herein.
S102, acquiring the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage.
In an embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, i.e. the voltage of the photovoltaic string is the sum of the voltages of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic string.
It is to be understood that obtaining the calculated voltage of any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups based on any one of the simulated currents in the set of simulated currents corresponding to any one of the simulated voltages may include obtaining the calculated voltage of each photovoltaic module in the string of photovoltaic groups based on any one of the simulated currents, and taking the sum of the calculated voltages of each photovoltaic module as the calculated voltage of the string of photovoltaic groups.
S103, identifying that the calculated voltage is smaller than any simulation voltage, taking the calculated voltage as a candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system, and taking the sum of any simulation current of each photovoltaic group string as a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string is obtained, the magnitude relation between the calculated voltage and any simulation voltage can be identified, and if the identified calculated voltage is smaller than any simulation voltage, namely the calculated voltage does not exceed any simulation voltage and meets the voltage requirement of the photovoltaic string, the calculated voltage can be used as the candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system.
It is understood that a photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of strings of photovoltaic strings connected in parallel, i.e. the current of the photovoltaic system is the sum of the currents of the strings of photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic system. If the identified and calculated voltage is smaller than any simulation voltage, the simulation current meets the current requirement of the photovoltaic string, and the sum of the simulation currents of each photovoltaic string can be used as the candidate output current of the photovoltaic system.
In one embodiment, if the calculated voltage is identified to be greater than or equal to any of the simulated voltages, the table indicates that the calculated voltage exceeds any of the simulated voltages, and the calculated voltage does not meet the voltage requirement of the string of photovoltaic cells, and any of the simulated currents does not meet the current requirement of the string of photovoltaic cells.
And S104, acquiring a simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system based on the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current.
In an embodiment of the invention, the simulation voltage set and the plurality of simulation current sets may be traversed to obtain at least one candidate output voltage and at least one candidate output current. It is understood that the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current have a correspondence relationship.
In one embodiment, at least one binary array (U, I) of candidate output voltages U and candidate output currents I may be obtained and used as a simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system.
In one embodiment, the product of the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current may be used as the output power of the photovoltaic system, and the output power may be used as the simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system.
In one embodiment, the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current may be input into a preset power loss algorithm to obtain a power loss of the photovoltaic system, and the power loss is used as a simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system.
In summary, according to the simulation method of the photovoltaic system of the embodiment of the present invention, a simulation model of the photovoltaic system may be constructed according to a hierarchical structure of the single cell-photovoltaic module-the photovoltaic string-the photovoltaic system, and a calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string may be obtained based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, and if it is identified that the calculated voltage is less than any simulation voltage, a candidate output voltage and a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system may be determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current, respectively, so as to obtain a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system, thereby obtaining a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system.
On the basis of any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of any photovoltaic string in step S101 includes:
s301, acquiring a first value range of the simulation voltage.
In one embodiment, the maximum value Ui of the simulated voltage may be obtainedmaxAnd minimum value UiminAnd based on the above-mentioned maximum value UimaxAnd minimum value UiminObtaining a first value range (Ui) of the simulated voltagemin，Uimax)。
S302, discretizing the first value range based on the first preset number of the simulation voltages to generate a simulation voltage set.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a first preset number of the simulation voltages in the simulation voltage set may be preset, and it should be noted that the first preset number is not limited too much, and may be set to 200, 1000, and so on, for example.
In the embodiment of the present invention, discretizing the first value range means converting the first value range into a set of discrete numbers.
In one embodiment, discretizing the first value range based on a first preset number of simulation voltages to generate a simulation voltage set may be implemented by the following formula:
0≤n≤m
where Ui is the simulation voltage, UimaxFor maximum value of the simulated voltage, UiminM is a first preset number, and n is a parameter.
And S303, acquiring a second value range of the simulation current corresponding to any simulation voltage.
In an embodiment, for any simulation voltage Ui, a maximum value Ij of a simulation current corresponding to the simulation voltage Ui may be obtainedmaxAnd minimum value IjminAnd based on the maximum IjmaxAnd minimum value IjminObtaining a second value range (Ij) of the simulation currentmin，Ijmax)。
And S304, discretizing the second value range based on the second preset number of the simulation currents to generate a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a second preset number of the simulation currents in the simulation current set may be preset, and it should be noted that the second preset number is not limited too much, and may be set to 200, 1000, and so on, for example.
In the embodiment of the present invention, discretizing the second value range refers to converting the second value range into a set of discrete numbers.
In an embodiment, discretizing the second value range based on a second preset number of simulation currents to generate a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, which can be implemented by the following formula:
0≤q≤p
wherein Ij is the simulation current IjmaxMaximum value of the simulated current, IjminAnd p is a second preset number and q is a parameter, wherein the minimum value of the simulation current is p.
Therefore, the method can perform discretization processing on the first value range of the simulation voltage and the second value range of the simulation current respectively to generate a simulation voltage set and a simulation current set.
On the basis of any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, in step S102, obtaining a calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any one of the simulation currents in the simulation current set corresponding to any one of the simulation voltages includes:
s401, acquiring voltage and current characteristics which have a mapping relation with the single battery.
It is understood that the single battery has a voltage-current characteristic, and in the embodiment of the present invention, a voltage-current characteristic having a mapping relationship with the single battery may be obtained.
In one embodiment, a first identifier of the single battery and a second identifier of the voltage-current characteristics can be obtained, and a mapping relation between the single battery and the voltage-current characteristics is established based on the first identifier and the second identifier. Further, the mapping relation can be inquired based on the first identifier of the single battery, and the second identifier mapped by the first identifier is obtained, so as to obtain the voltage and current characteristics having the mapping relation with the single battery.
Optionally, the first identifier and the second identifier may be set according to actual situations, and are not limited herein, for example, the first identifier and the second identifier include, but are not limited to, numbers, characters, and the like.
S402, aiming at any single battery, obtaining candidate calculated voltage of any single battery based on any simulation current and voltage-current characteristics.
In one embodiment, obtaining the candidate calculated voltage of any single battery based on any simulation current and voltage-current characteristics may include the following two possible embodiments:
and in the mode 1, any simulation current is substituted into the five-parameter model to obtain candidate calculated voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage and current characteristics comprise a five-parameter model of the single battery, and the five-parameter model is constructed based on a short circuit point, an open circuit point, a maximum power point, current and voltage of the single battery. For example, a five-parameter model may be constructed based on the short circuit current, open circuit voltage, maximum power point current, and voltage of the cells.
It can be understood that any simulation current can be substituted into the five-parameter model to obtain the candidate calculated voltage of the single battery.
Mode 2, obtaining a difference value between any simulation current and any candidate current in the preset current matrix, selecting a plurality of target currents from the preset current matrix based on the difference value, obtaining a corresponding target voltage of the target currents in the preset voltage matrix based on a corresponding relation between a candidate voltage in the preset voltage matrix and the candidate current in the preset current matrix, and processing the target voltage by adopting an interpolation method to obtain a candidate calculated voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-current characteristics include a preset voltage matrix and a preset current matrix of the single battery. It should be noted that the preset voltage matrix is formed by candidate voltage values of the single battery, and the preset current matrix is formed by candidate current values of the single battery.
In one embodiment, a preset voltage matrix of the single battery may be obtained, and a preset current matrix of the single battery may be obtained based on the preset voltage matrix and a voltage current function of the single battery.
Optionally, the preset current matrix of the single battery is obtained based on the preset voltage matrix and the voltage-current function of the single battery, and the preset current matrix can be obtained by the following formula:
MI＝F*MV
where MI is a predetermined current matrix, MV is a predetermined voltage matrix, and F is a voltage-current function.
The manner of obtaining the preset voltage matrix of the single battery may refer to the content of obtaining the simulation voltage set in the above embodiment, and is not described herein again.
In the embodiment of the invention, any one of the simulation current, the preset current matrix and the preset voltage matrix can be processed by adopting an interpolation method to obtain the candidate calculated voltage of the single battery.
For example, if the simulation current is 5A (amperes), the current matrix is preset
Preset voltage matrix
Then the simulation current 5A and the predetermined current matrix can be obtained
Selecting a candidate current with a smaller difference value as a target current, selecting target currents 4A and 6A from a preset current matrix based on the difference value, knowing that target voltages of the target currents 4A and 6A in a preset voltage matrix MV are 3V (volt) and 5V respectively, and processing the target voltages 3V and 5V by adopting an interpolation method to obtain a candidate calculated voltage of 4V.
And S403, obtaining the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic group string based on the candidate calculated voltage of each single battery in any photovoltaic group string.
In an embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, i.e. the voltage of the photovoltaic string is the sum of the voltages of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic string. The photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of single cells connected in series and/or in parallel, i.e. the voltage of the photovoltaic module can be calculated based on the voltage of the single cells in the photovoltaic module.
In one embodiment, obtaining the calculated voltage of any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups based on the candidate calculated voltage of each of the cells in any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups may include obtaining the voltage of each of the photovoltaic modules in any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups based on the candidate calculated voltage of each of the cells in any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups, and using the sum of the voltages of each of the photovoltaic modules in any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups as the calculated voltage of any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups.
Optionally, the obtaining of the voltage of each photovoltaic module in any one of the photovoltaic group strings may include obtaining a calculation strategy of the voltage of the photovoltaic module based on a connection manner of the single cells in the photovoltaic module, and obtaining the voltage of each photovoltaic module based on the candidate calculation voltage and the calculation strategy of the single cells.
The calculation strategy can be set according to actual conditions, and is not limited too much here. For example, if the photovoltaic module includes a plurality of cells connected in series, the calculation strategy is to use the sum of candidate calculation voltages of the cells as the voltage of the photovoltaic module.
Therefore, in the method, the candidate calculation voltage of any single battery can be obtained based on any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics of any single battery, and the calculation voltage of any photovoltaic group string can be obtained based on the candidate calculation voltage of each single battery in any photovoltaic group string.
To make the present invention more clear to those skilled in the art, fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a simulation method of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the method may include the following steps:
s501, acquiring a first value range (Ui) of the simulation voltagemin，Uimax)。
S502, whether n is smaller than or equal to m is identified.
If yes, go to step S503; if not, step S512 is performed.
S503, setting the simulation voltage
S504, a second value range (Ij) of the simulation current corresponding to the simulation voltage Ui is obtainedmin，Ijmax)。
S505, whether q is less than or equal to p is identified.
If yes, go to step S506; if not, step S510 is performed.
S506, setting simulation current
And S507, acquiring the calculated voltage Ut of any photovoltaic string based on the simulation current Ij.
S508, whether the calculated voltage Ut is smaller than the simulation voltage Ui or not is identified.
If so, go to step S509; if not, step S511 is executed.
And S509, taking the calculated voltage Ut as a candidate output voltage U of the photovoltaic system, and taking the sum of the simulation currents Ij of each photovoltaic group string as a candidate output current I of the photovoltaic system.
And S510, adding 1 to the value of n, and returning to continue executing the step S502 and the subsequent steps.
And S511, adding 1 to the value of q, and returning to continue executing the step S505 and the subsequent steps.
S512, at least one binary array (U, I) composed of the candidate output voltage U and the candidate output current I is used as a simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system.
For specific description of steps S501-S512, reference is made to the description of relevant contents in the above embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
In order to implement the above embodiment, the invention further provides a simulation device of the photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic string strings connected in parallel, each photovoltaic string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, and each photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of single cells connected in series and/or in parallel.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation apparatus of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, the simulation apparatus 100 of the photovoltaic system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a first acquisition module 110, a second acquisition module 120, a recognition module 130, and a third acquisition module 140.
A first obtaining module 110, configured to obtain a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string, where the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relationship;
a second obtaining module 120, configured to obtain a calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage;
an identifying module 130, configured to identify that the calculated voltage is less than the any one of the simulated voltages, use the calculated voltage as a candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system, and use a sum of the any one of the simulated currents of each photovoltaic string as a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system;
a third obtaining module 140, configured to obtain a simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system based on the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first obtaining module 110 is further configured to: acquiring a first value range of the simulation voltage; discretizing the first value range based on a first preset number of the simulation voltages to generate a simulation voltage set; acquiring a second value range of the simulation current corresponding to any simulation voltage; discretizing the second value range based on a second preset number of the simulation currents to generate the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second obtaining module 120 is further configured to: acquiring voltage and current characteristics which have a mapping relation with the single battery; aiming at any single battery, acquiring candidate calculation voltage of the any single battery based on the any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics; obtaining the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic group string based on the candidate calculated voltage of each single battery in any photovoltaic group string.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the simulation apparatus 100 of the photovoltaic system further includes: a mapping module to: acquiring a first identifier of the single battery and a second identifier of the voltage-current characteristic; and establishing a mapping relation between the single battery and the voltage-current characteristics based on the first identification and the second identification.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-current characteristics include a five-parameter model of the single battery, where the five-parameter model is constructed based on a short circuit point, an open circuit point, a maximum power point, a current, and a voltage of the single battery; the second obtaining module 120 is further configured to: and substituting any simulation current into the five-parameter model to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-current characteristics include a preset voltage matrix and a preset current matrix of the single battery, and the second obtaining module 120 is further configured to: obtaining a difference value between any simulation current and any candidate current in the preset current matrix, and selecting a plurality of target currents from the preset current matrix based on the difference value; acquiring a corresponding target voltage of the target current in the preset voltage matrix based on a corresponding relation between the candidate voltage in the preset voltage matrix and the candidate current in the preset current matrix; and processing the target voltage by adopting an interpolation method to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
In one embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic module is connected in series with a maximum power point tracking, MPPT, controller.
It should be noted that details that are not disclosed in the simulation apparatus of the photovoltaic system according to the embodiment of the present invention refer to details that are disclosed in the simulation method of the photovoltaic system according to the embodiment of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
To sum up, the simulation apparatus of a photovoltaic system according to the embodiment of the present invention may construct a simulation model of the photovoltaic system according to a hierarchical structure of a cell-photovoltaic module-a photovoltaic string-the photovoltaic system, and obtain a calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, and if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, determine a candidate output voltage and a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current, respectively, further obtain a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system, and may implement obtaining of a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system.
In order to realize the above embodiment, the invention further provides a photovoltaic system.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, a photovoltaic system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of parallel-connected photovoltaic string 210, each photovoltaic string 210 comprising a plurality of series-connected photovoltaic modules 220, each photovoltaic module 220 comprising a plurality of series-connected and/or parallel-connected cells 230 (not shown in the figure), and the simulation apparatus 100 of the photovoltaic system as described above.
In one embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic module 220 is connected in series with a maximum power point tracking MPPT controller.
The photovoltaic system comprises a simulation device of the photovoltaic system, a simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to a hierarchical structure of a single battery, a photovoltaic component, a photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic system, the calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string is obtained based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current of the photovoltaic system are determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current respectively, the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system is further obtained, and the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system can be obtained.
In order to implement the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device 300, including: the simulation system comprises a memory 310, a processor 320 and a computer program stored on the memory 310 and capable of running on the processor 320, wherein the processor 320 executes the program to realize the simulation method of the photovoltaic system.
According to the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the processor executes the computer program stored on the memory, the simulation model of the photovoltaic system can be constructed according to the hierarchical structure of the single battery-photovoltaic assembly-photovoltaic group string-photovoltaic system, the calculated voltage of the photovoltaic group string is obtained based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current of the photovoltaic system are respectively determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current, the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system is further obtained, and the acquisition of the simulation result of the output parameters of the photovoltaic system can be realized.
In order to implement the above embodiments, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the above simulation method of the photovoltaic system.
The computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention stores a computer program and is executed by a processor, a simulation model of a photovoltaic system can be constructed according to a hierarchical structure of a single battery-photovoltaic module-photovoltaic string-photovoltaic system, a calculated voltage of the photovoltaic string can be obtained based on any simulation current in a simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage, if the calculated voltage is identified to be smaller than any simulation voltage, a candidate output voltage and a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system can be determined based on the calculated voltage and any simulation current, a simulation result of an output parameter of the photovoltaic system can be obtained, and the acquisition of the simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system can be realized.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A simulation method of a photovoltaic system is characterized in that the photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic string connected in parallel, each photovoltaic string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, each photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of single cells connected in series and/or in parallel;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string, wherein the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relation;
acquiring the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage;
identifying that the calculated voltage is less than any of the simulated voltages, taking the calculated voltage as a candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system, and taking the sum of any of the simulated currents of each photovoltaic string as a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system;
and acquiring a simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system based on the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the set of simulated voltages and the plurality of sets of simulated currents for any one of the strings of photovoltaic groups comprises:
acquiring a first value range of the simulation voltage;
discretizing the first value range based on a first preset number of the simulation voltages to generate a simulation voltage set;
acquiring a second value range of the simulation current corresponding to any simulation voltage;
discretizing the second value range based on a second preset number of the simulation currents to generate the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining a calculated voltage for any pv string based on any one of the set of simulated currents corresponding to any one of the simulated voltages comprises:
acquiring voltage and current characteristics which have a mapping relation with the single battery;
aiming at any single battery, acquiring candidate calculation voltage of the any single battery based on the any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics;
obtaining the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic group string based on the candidate calculated voltage of each single battery in any photovoltaic group string.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
acquiring a first identifier of the single battery and a second identifier of the voltage-current characteristic;
and establishing a mapping relation between the single battery and the voltage-current characteristics based on the first identification and the second identification.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the voltage-current characteristics comprise a five-parameter model of the single battery, the five-parameter model being constructed based on a short-circuit point, an open-circuit point, a maximum power point, a current, and a voltage of the single battery;
the obtaining a candidate calculated voltage of the any single battery based on the any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics includes:
and substituting any simulation current into the five-parameter model to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
6. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the voltage-current characteristics comprise a preset voltage matrix and a preset current matrix of the single battery, and the obtaining the candidate calculated voltage of any single battery based on any simulation current and the voltage-current characteristics comprises:
obtaining a difference value between any simulation current and any candidate current in the preset current matrix, and selecting a plurality of target currents from the preset current matrix based on the difference value;
acquiring a corresponding target voltage of the target current in the preset voltage matrix based on a corresponding relation between the candidate voltage in the preset voltage matrix and the candidate current in the preset current matrix;
and processing the target voltage by adopting an interpolation method to obtain the candidate calculated voltage.
7. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the photovoltaic module is connected in series with a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller.
8. A simulation device of a photovoltaic system is characterized in that the photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic string connected in parallel, each photovoltaic string comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, each photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of single cells connected in series and/or in parallel;
the device comprises:
the photovoltaic string simulation system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a simulation voltage set and a plurality of simulation current sets of the photovoltaic string, and the simulation voltage and the simulation current sets have a corresponding relation;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the calculated voltage of any photovoltaic string based on any simulation current in the simulation current set corresponding to any simulation voltage;
the identification module is used for identifying that the calculated voltage is smaller than any simulation voltage, taking the calculated voltage as a candidate output voltage of the photovoltaic system, and taking the sum of any simulation current of each photovoltaic group string as a candidate output current of the photovoltaic system;
and the third acquisition module is used for acquiring a simulation result of the output parameter of the photovoltaic system based on the candidate output voltage and the candidate output current.
9. A photovoltaic system, comprising: a plurality of parallel-connected strings of photovoltaic strings, each string of photovoltaic strings comprising a plurality of series-connected photovoltaic modules, each photovoltaic module comprising a plurality of series-connected and/or parallel-connected cells, and a simulation apparatus of a photovoltaic system according to claim 8.
10. An electronic device, comprising: memory, processor and computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor implements a method of simulating a photovoltaic system according to any of claims 1 to 7.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out a method of simulating a photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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