CN113900314A - Electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for beam divergence angle - Google Patents
Electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for beam divergence angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113900314A CN113900314A CN202111168540.7A CN202111168540A CN113900314A CN 113900314 A CN113900314 A CN 113900314A CN 202111168540 A CN202111168540 A CN 202111168540A CN 113900314 A CN113900314 A CN 113900314A
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- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13756—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal selectively assuming a light-scattering state
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for a light beam divergence angle, which comprises stacked liquid crystal units. The liquid crystal cell includes two liquid crystal cells stacked. The liquid crystal box comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate, wherein a nematic liquid crystal layer is arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, one surface of the upper substrate is plated with an ITO electrode, one surface of the lower substrate is plated with a lower ITO electrode, and the upper ITO electrode and/or the lower ITO electrode are/is provided with openings. When viewed from the direction vertical to the upper ITO electrode, the openings on the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode are complemented to form a regular array, the upper substrate, the lower substrate and the nematic liquid crystal layer form micro liquid crystal lenses through the openings, outgoing light beams emitted by the incident light beams through the adjacent micro liquid crystal lenses are mutually overlapped to form a divergence shape, and the divergence angle is controllable. The invention realizes the effective control and adjustment of the divergence angle of the emergent beam, is easy to realize, has low cost and is suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal dimming device, and more particularly, to a nematic liquid crystal device for non-mechanically adjusting a beam divergence angle.
Background
The lighting lamps such as spot lamps, flashlights, spot lamps and the like which are frequently used in life are usually provided with light beam focusing lenses, and when the lighting lamps are used, the adjustment of the divergence angle (or light spot) of an emergent light beam can be realized by adjusting the distance between a light source and the light beam focusing lenses (or lens groups). However, the conventional light beam focusing lens technology usually adopts a manual adjustment mode or a motor automatic adjustment mode in the aspect of adjusting the size of a light spot, but the manual adjustment mode is not accurate enough, wastes time and labor, and is limited in application occasions, and the motor automatic adjustment mode has the defects of complex driving structure, large volume, higher cost and the like, and is difficult to popularize.
The invention patent application No. 201880024971.6 discloses a liquid crystal beam widening device with improved beam uniformity, which drives liquid crystal to form a special arrangement structure through specially designed electrodes, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the size of light spot. However, the device is influenced by the driving principle, the driving voltage is high, the driving signal is complex (4 paths of square waves with different phases), the cost is high, the application occasions are limited, and the popularization is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for the divergence angle of a light beam, which realizes effective control and adjustment of the divergence angle of the emergent light beam, is easy to realize, has low cost and is suitable for popularization.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for divergence angle of light beam is characterized in that: it includes at least one liquid crystal cell coaxially stacked together, wherein: the liquid crystal unit comprises two liquid crystal boxes which are arranged in a laminated mode; the liquid crystal box comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate, wherein a nematic liquid crystal layer is arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, the nematic liquid crystal layer comprises nematic liquid crystals, an upper ITO electrode is plated on one surface of the upper substrate facing the nematic liquid crystal layer, a lower ITO electrode is plated on one surface of the lower substrate facing the nematic liquid crystal layer, openings are formed in the upper ITO electrode and/or the lower ITO electrode, when the upper substrate is seen from a direction perpendicular to the upper ITO electrode, the openings in the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode are complementary to form a regular array, a micro liquid crystal lens is formed by each opening in the nematic liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, emergent light beams emitted by incident light beams after passing through adjacent micro liquid crystal lenses are mutually overlapped to form a divergence shape, and the divergence angle is controlled by the amplitude of voltage signals input by the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode; in the non-energized state of the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode, the long axis directions of the nematic liquid crystals in the two liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal unit are orthogonal to each other.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention has simple structure, realizes effective control and adjustment of the divergence angle of the emergent light beams by a non-mechanical voltage control mode, is easy to realize, drive and produce in large batch, and can be widely used for lighting lamps such as spot lamps, electric torches, spot lamps and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art liquid crystal cell.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower ITO electrode of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a nematic liquid crystal device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal cell of a nematic liquid crystal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper ITO electrode of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower ITO electrode of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a regular array of openings formed in the upper ITO electrodes and the lower ITO electrodes complementary to each other, as viewed from the Y direction of FIG. 4.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical principle of a micro liquid crystal lens implemented by a nematic liquid crystal device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the research on the focusing performance of the liquid crystal lens in the industry, the single round hole electrode liquid crystal lens is researched more, has a simple structure and simple driving, and can realize continuous and adjustable focal length. As shown in fig. 1, the liquid crystal cell shown in the figure is designed as a single circular hole electrode liquid crystal lens, and the liquid crystal cell includes an upper substrate 11 and a lower substrate 12, a nematic liquid crystal layer 30 is disposed between the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12, an upper ITO electrode 21 is plated on a surface of the upper substrate 11 facing the nematic liquid crystal layer 30, the upper ITO electrode 21 is a monolithic electrode, a lower ITO electrode 22 is plated on a surface of the lower substrate 12 facing the nematic liquid crystal layer 30, and the lower ITO electrode 22 is an electrode with a circular hole 40, as shown in fig. 2.
In practical applications, the single circular hole electrode liquid crystal lens has the disadvantage that the circular hole 40 is small in size (generally, the diameter is less than 1mm), and the size cannot be enlarged. This is because the focus adjusting ability is greatly weakened after the size of the circular hole 40 is enlarged. When the size of the circular hole 40 is enlarged to millimeter level (the diameter is larger than 1mm), the single circular hole electrode liquid crystal lens is limited by the refractive index adjusting range of the liquid crystal material, and almost loses the focusing function. Therefore, although many studies have been made on a single circular hole electrode liquid crystal lens in the early stage, it has not yet been of much practical value.
The invention is designed by the inspiration of the single round hole electrode liquid crystal lens, improves the single round hole electrode liquid crystal lens into a porous electrode liquid crystal lens array, and replaces the single round hole electrode liquid crystal lens with the porous electrode liquid crystal lens array, so that the size increase is not limited any more, and the problem of weakening of focal length adjusting capability is solved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the electrically controllable and adjustable nematic liquid crystal device of the present invention includes at least one liquid crystal cell 80 coaxially stacked together, and fig. 3 shows a case where a plurality of liquid crystal cells 80 are stacked together along an axis L, in which: the liquid crystal unit 80 includes two liquid crystal cells 70 arranged in a stack; the liquid crystal cell 70 includes an upper substrate 11, a lower substrate 12, a nematic liquid crystal layer 30 disposed between the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12, the nematic liquid crystal layer 30 includes nematic liquid crystals and conductive ions, the conductive ions are driven by voltage signals to move and deflect the nematic liquid crystals in the vicinity of the nematic liquid crystal layer, an upper ITO electrode 51 is plated on a side of the upper substrate 11 facing the nematic liquid crystal layer 30, a lower ITO electrode 52 is plated on a side of the lower substrate 12 facing the nematic liquid crystal layer 30, openings 60 are disposed on the upper ITO electrode 51 and/or the lower ITO electrode 52, wherein, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the upper ITO electrode 51 (or the lower ITO electrode 52, the upper substrate 11), that is, when viewed from a direction Y of fig. 4 (the direction X is a direction parallel to the upper substrate 11 or the lower substrate 12 shown in fig. 4), the upper ITO electrode 51 and the openings 60 on the lower ITO electrode 52 are complementary to form a regular array, the upper substrate 11, the lower substrate 12 and the nematic liquid crystal layer 30 between the two form a micro liquid crystal lens 90 through each opening 60, that is, the liquid crystal cell 70 forms a porous electrode liquid crystal lens array, the outgoing beams emitted after the incident beams pass through the adjacent micro liquid crystal lenses 90 are mutually overlapped to form a divergence shape, and the magnitude of the divergence angle is controlled by the magnitude of the voltage signal input by the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52; in the non-energized state of the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52, the long axis directions of the nematic liquid crystals in the two liquid crystal cells 70 of the liquid crystal cell 80 are orthogonal to each other.
For the liquid crystal cell 70, the area corresponding to each opening 60 can be equivalent to a variable focal length micro liquid crystal lens 90, i.e. the upper substrate 11, the lower substrate 12 and the nematic liquid crystal layer 30 therebetween form a micro liquid crystal lens 90 through each opening 60, and the optical principle of the micro liquid crystal lens 90 can be understood by referring to fig. 8. It can be seen that the liquid crystal cell 70 forms a porous electrode liquid crystal lens array, and the objective of controlling the divergence angle of the whole emergent beam can be achieved by controlling the focal length of each micro liquid crystal lens 90, and importantly, the focal length adjustment capability is not limited by the size of the micro liquid crystal lens 90, and the problem of the weakened focal length adjustment capability can be solved by increasing the number of the micro liquid crystal lenses 90.
The application of the invention is to control the divergence angle of the beam rather than the imaging and is therefore less demanding. The invention adopts a voltage control mode to carry out stepless adjustment on the emergent angle of the emergent light beam, and the intensity of the emergent light beam after adjustment can meet the illumination requirements of users.
For the liquid crystal box 70, by controlling the amplitude of the voltage signal input to the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52, the deflection angle of the nematic liquid crystal in the nematic liquid crystal layer 30 corresponding to each micro liquid crystal lens 90 can be controlled, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the focal length of each micro liquid crystal lens 90, i.e. the purpose of controlling the overall divergence angle of the outgoing light beam emitted from the liquid crystal box 70 is achieved.
In practical design, two liquid crystal cells 70 in each liquid crystal unit 80 and adjacent liquid crystal units 80 are bonded together by optical glue (existing adhesive glue) to improve light transmittance.
Referring to the principle of the micro-lens, the diameter of the circular opening 60 is D, the cell thickness of the liquid crystal cell 70 is D, and the refractive index difference of the liquid crystal to the ordinary light and the extraordinary light is Δ n, so that in an ideal case, the maximum optical path difference of the light passing through the center and the edge of the micro-liquid crystal lens is Δ n × D, and according to the wave optics principle, the focal length f of the micro-liquid crystal lens can be calculated according to the following formula:
then, under the condition of parallel incidence of light, the diffusion angle θ of the emergent light can be calculated according to the following formula:
θ＝arctan(D/2f)
in actual operation, the liquid crystal molecules at the edge of the opening 60 are not completely perpendicular to the upper and lower substrates 11, 12, and the liquid crystal molecules at the center of the opening 60 are also affected by the lateral electric field to generate a certain tilt angle, so the optical path difference between the light passing through the center of the opening 60 and the peripheral edge is smaller than the theoretical value, i.e. the diffusion angle is smaller.
In order to ensure that the liquid crystal molecules at the center and the peripheral edge of the micro liquid crystal lens can be arranged as ideally as possible, the diameter of the opening 60 and the cell thickness of the liquid crystal cell need to be optimized in matching during actual design.
In the present invention, the liquid crystal cell 70 has a thickness of 2 μm to 100 μm, the openings 60 have a circular shape, the diameter of the openings 60 is 10 μm to 200 μm, and the distance between two adjacent openings 60 is 1 μm to 50 μm.
In practical implementation, the opening 60 may also be a triangle, a square, a regular pentagon or any regular polygon, as long as the shape and size of the opening 60 is equivalent to the shape and size of a circular hole. Specifically, the thickness of the liquid crystal cell 70 is 2 μm to 100 μm, the openings 60 are triangular, square or regular polygon having an approximately circular shape, the maximum diameter of the openings 60 is 10 μm to 200 μm, and the distance between two adjacent openings 60 is 1 μm to 50 μm.
In practical design, the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52 may be designed as follows:
the upper ITO electrode 51 is not perforated and is a whole-piece electrode, and the openings 60 on the lower ITO electrode 52 form a regular array, or the lower ITO electrode 52 is not perforated and is a whole-piece electrode, and the openings 60 on the upper ITO electrode 51 form a regular array, or both the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52 are perforated, and the openings 60 on the upper ITO electrode 51 and the openings 60 on the lower ITO electrode 52 are complementary to form a regular array.
For example, as shown in fig. 5 showing the opening 60 formed on the upper ITO electrode 51, and fig. 6 showing the opening 60 formed on the lower ITO electrode 52, it can be seen from fig. 5 and 6 that no opening is formed on the upper ITO electrode 51 at the position corresponding to the opening 60 of the lower ITO electrode 52, and similarly, no opening is formed on the lower ITO electrode 52 at the position corresponding to the opening 60 of the upper ITO electrode 51, i.e. the openings 60 on the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52 are complementary. The upper ITO electrode 51 and the openings 60 of the lower ITO electrode 52 are complementary to each other to form a regular array when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the upper ITO electrode 51 (or the lower ITO electrode 52), as shown in fig. 7.
In the present invention, the regular array may be in the form of a matrix of several rows × several columns, or may be in other regular arrangement forms, such as 4 columns in which 3, 2, 3, 2 openings are arranged as shown in fig. 7.
In the present invention, the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12 of the liquid crystal cell 70 may be made of transparent glass material, the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52 may be made of ITO (indium tin oxide) material, and auxiliary metals such as aluminum, copper, silver, etc. may be used according to the requirement, and the nematic liquid crystal layer 30 may be made of insulating support balls, etc. as the prior art.
Referring to fig. 3, the long axis directions (see reference numerals 31 and 31') of the nematic liquid crystal in the two liquid crystal cells 70 of the liquid crystal cell 80 are orthogonal to each other when the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52 are in a non-energized state. Since the liquid crystal cell 70 acts only on a light beam having a polarization direction parallel to the long axis direction of the nematic liquid crystal according to the birefringence characteristics of the nematic liquid crystal, the present invention can be preferably used in lighting fixtures such as spot lamps, flashlights, and spot lamps used in daily life, by merely superimposing two liquid crystal cells 70 and setting the long axis directions of the nematic liquid crystals of the two liquid crystal cells to be orthogonal to each other, as for a general unpolarized light source including any polarization direction.
For one liquid crystal cell 80, the voltage signals input to the two liquid crystal cells 70 of the liquid crystal cell 80 are easily controlled synchronously to reduce the driving difficulty, in other words, the two liquid crystal cells 70 are arranged in parallel, that is, the voltage signals input to the upper ITO electrodes 51 of the two liquid crystal cells 70 are the same and input simultaneously, the voltage signal input to the lower ITO electrode 52 is the same and input simultaneously, each liquid crystal cell 70 needs 2 voltage signals for driving, and if the two liquid crystal cells 70 are connected in parallel, 2 voltage signals for driving are also needed, which is easy to implement.
In the present invention, in order to increase the divergence angle control range of the emitted light beam of the device, a plurality of liquid crystal cells may be stacked, and there is no requirement for the alignment angle of the nematic liquid crystal between different liquid crystal cells, that is, when the present invention is designed with a plurality of liquid crystal cells, the long axis directions of the nematic liquid crystal between the liquid crystal cells are not limited to each other, and only the long axis directions of the nematic liquid crystal in the two liquid crystal cells 70 in the liquid crystal cells themselves are orthogonal to each other.
If a plurality of liquid crystal units 80 are coaxially stacked together, synchronous control is performed among the liquid crystal units 80, that is, the voltage signals input by the upper ITO electrodes 51 of the two liquid crystal cells 70 in each liquid crystal unit 80 are the same and input at the same time, and the voltage signals input by the lower ITO electrodes 52 are the same and input at the same time, in other words, if the liquid crystal cells in the plurality of liquid crystal units 80 are configured the same, the liquid crystal cells 70 can be arranged in parallel, so that the whole device can be driven only by 2 voltage signal lines, and the driving mode is simple and practical.
In terms of voltage driving, the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52 in the liquid crystal cell 70 receive a pair of ac voltage signals with the same frequency, the same voltage amplitude, and 90 ° phase difference, where the ac voltage signals may be positive and negative signals or unidirectional signals (unidirectional positive/negative signals), where: the alternating voltage signal is a square wave, but can be designed into other wave forms according to the requirement.
In addition, in the present invention, the frequency of the alternating voltage signal is not limited, and is preferably designed to be between 10Hz and 500 Hz. In practical implementation, the voltage amplitude of the ac voltage signal may be reasonably designed according to the diameter of the opening 60, the cell thickness of the liquid crystal cell 70, and other factors, without limitation, and is preferably designed to be between 3V and 30V, which may be reasonably adjusted according to practical situations.
When the device is used, a light source (such as unpolarized light) is arranged at one side of the device, so that light (incident light beams) emitted by the light source sequentially passes through each liquid crystal unit 80 and then is emitted, and the divergence angle (or the spot size) of the emitted light (emitted light beams) can be adjusted by controlling voltage signals input into each liquid crystal unit 80. Under the condition that the diameter of the opening 60 and the thickness of the liquid crystal box 70 are not changed, and the amplitude of the voltage signal is within a reasonable range, the larger the amplitude of the voltage signal input to the upper ITO electrode 51 and the lower ITO electrode 52 is, the larger the deflection angle of the nematic liquid crystal nearby driven by the conductive ion is, and the larger the divergence angle of the emergent light beam emitted by the device is.
When light passes through the porous electrode liquid crystal lens array formed by the liquid crystal box 70, the light is emitted in a divergent manner under the refraction action of the nematic liquid crystal in each micro liquid crystal lens 90, and the light emitted by the adjacent micro liquid crystal lenses 90 is overlapped, so that the divergence angle and the light intensity of the light beam finally emitted by the device meet the illumination requirements of users.
The above description is of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes and modifications based on the equivalent changes and simple substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for divergence angle of light beam is characterized in that: it includes at least one liquid crystal cell coaxially stacked together, wherein: the liquid crystal unit comprises two liquid crystal boxes which are arranged in a laminated mode; the liquid crystal box comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate, wherein a nematic liquid crystal layer is arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, the nematic liquid crystal layer comprises nematic liquid crystals, an upper ITO electrode is plated on one surface of the upper substrate facing the nematic liquid crystal layer, a lower ITO electrode is plated on one surface of the lower substrate facing the nematic liquid crystal layer, openings are formed in the upper ITO electrode and/or the lower ITO electrode, when the upper substrate is seen from a direction perpendicular to the upper ITO electrode, the openings in the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode are complementary to form a regular array, a micro liquid crystal lens is formed by each opening in the nematic liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, emergent light beams emitted by incident light beams after passing through adjacent micro liquid crystal lenses are mutually overlapped to form a divergence shape, and the divergence angle is controlled by the amplitude of voltage signals input by the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode; in the non-energized state of the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode, the long axis directions of the nematic liquid crystals in the two liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal unit are orthogonal to each other.
2. The electrically controllable adjustable nematic liquid crystal device of claim 1, wherein:
two liquid crystal boxes in each liquid crystal unit and adjacent liquid crystal units are bonded together through optical cement.
3. The electrically controllable adjustable nematic liquid crystal device of claim 1, wherein:
the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 2-100 mu m, the openings are circular, the diameter of each opening is 10-200 mu m, and the distance between every two adjacent openings is 1-50 mu m.
4. The electrically controllable adjustable nematic liquid crystal device of claim 1, wherein:
the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 2-100 mu m, the openings are triangular, square or approximately circular regular polygons, the maximum diameter of the openings is 10-200 mu m, and the distance between every two adjacent openings is 1-50 mu m.
5. The electrically controllable adjustable nematic liquid crystal device of claim 1, wherein:
holes are not formed in the upper ITO electrode, and each hole in the lower ITO electrode forms a regular array; or
Holes are not formed in the lower ITO electrode, and each hole in the upper ITO electrode forms a regular array; or
The upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode are both provided with holes, and the holes on the upper ITO electrode and the holes on the lower ITO electrode are complementary to form a regular array.
6. The electrically controllable adjustable nematic liquid crystal device of claim 1, wherein:
and voltage signals input into the two liquid crystal boxes of the liquid crystal unit are synchronously controlled.
7. The electrically controllable adjustable nematic liquid crystal device of claim 6, wherein:
if a plurality of liquid crystal cells are coaxially stacked, the liquid crystal cells are synchronously controlled.
8. An electrically controllable adjustable nematic liquid crystal device in accordance with claim 6 or 7, wherein:
the upper ITO electrode and the lower ITO electrode in the liquid crystal box receive a pair of alternating voltage signals with the same frequency, the same voltage amplitude and 90-degree phase difference, wherein: the alternating voltage signal is a square wave; the voltage amplitude is between 3V and 30V and is adjustable according to actual conditions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111168540.7A CN113900314A (en) | 2021-10-11 | 2021-10-11 | Electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for beam divergence angle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111168540.7A CN113900314A (en) | 2021-10-11 | 2021-10-11 | Electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for beam divergence angle |
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| CN113900314A true CN113900314A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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| CN202111168540.7A Pending CN113900314A (en) | 2021-10-11 | 2021-10-11 | Electrically controlled adjustable nematic liquid crystal device for beam divergence angle |
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2021
- 2021-10-11 CN CN202111168540.7A patent/CN113900314A/en active Pending
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