CN113900245A - Telescope observation device, control method and control system for transient source - Google Patents
Telescope observation device, control method and control system for transient source Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/12—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices with means for image conversion or intensification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/16—Housings; Caps; Mountings; Supports, e.g. with counterweight
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of astronomical telescope observation, and discloses a telescope observation device, a control method and a control system of a transient source, wherein the telescope observation device of the transient source is provided with: the device comprises a base, an equatorial telescope, a telescope frame and a telescope system. The transient source observation system has the capability of quickly responding to the transient source and observing the transient source, is beneficial to confirming the multiband of the transient source target and acquiring multiband photometric information of the transient source target in a stage of exposing to the maximum light. The invention combines a large-view field splicing observation mode (B state with non-parallel telescope optical axes) with a multi-tube telescope observation mode (A state with parallel telescope optical axes), and can realize quick response. The invention has the advantages of wide coverage area, high response speed, high system integration level and the like, and greatly improves the speed of confirming and positioning the transient source target and the subsequent multi-band photometric observation processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of astronomical telescope observation, and particularly relates to a telescope observation device, a control method and a control system for a transient source.
Background
In recent years, the observation and research of a transient source becomes the leading edge research field in time domain astronomy, the transient source has the characteristics of sporadic nature and short period and is aperiodic, the currently known transient source mainly comprises astronomical events such as an ultra-new star, a gamma storm, a micro-gravity lens, a black hole collapsed star and an electromagnetic counterpart of a gravitational wave, and the transient source has important significance for understanding the processes of star evolution explosion, dense celestial body absorption and merging and the like, researching the origin of a universe and researching physical phenomena in an extreme environment.
Due to the randomness of the transient source, the traditional transient source optical observation method mainly adopts a large-view-field telescope to search and early warn every day, network sharing is carried out on transient source target information, and further multi-telescope joint follow-up observation is carried out.
Meanwhile, due to the fact that brightness rapidly increases when part of transient sources, including supernova and gamma bursts, the brightness change process of the transient sources contains important physical information, meanwhile, the duration time scale of the phase is very short, and the observation time window is very small. In addition, in order to improve the discovery capability of the transient source as much as possible, the current transient source searching scheme is a filter-free image acquisition mode, optical information of each wave band in the transient source explosion stage is inevitably ignored in the mode, subsequent observation means of the transient source are rich, relative hysteresis exists in the response time of the authenticated observation and subsequent observation equipment of the transient source target, and the difficulty in observing the optical information of each wave band in the transient source explosion stage is high.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the current transient source searching scheme is a filter-free image acquisition mode, which inevitably ignores optical information of each wave band in the explosion stage of the transient source, and the subsequent observation means of the transient source is rich, but relative hysteresis exists in the response time of the authentication observation of a transient source target and the subsequent observation equipment, and the difficulty in observing the optical information of each wave band in the explosion stage of the transient source is high.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: and a plurality of telescope subsystems are placed at the same station for centralized control, so that transient source searching authentication and subsequent observation can be performed. Wherein the telescope subsystems respectively point to different sky areas to realize large-sky area searching; and aiming at the suspected transient source target, controlling the telescope subsystem to point to the target at the same direction and switching the optical filter for confirmation, or rotating the optical filter rotating wheel to switch the optical filters of different wave bands by the telescope subsystem where the target is positioned. The scheme has the advantages of more subsystems, complex control system structure and long response time, and in addition, the mode of switching the optical filters with different wave bands by adopting the optical filter rotating wheel or the measurement error is introduced due to the time inconsistency, and the manufacturing cost of the whole system is higher.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: this scheme is through being integrated as an organic whole with a plurality of telescopes, is showing reduction in manufacturing cost, and system structure is simple relatively simultaneously, and control mode is simple, and response time is short, is applicable to in time surveying and discovers the transient source target.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a telescope observation device, a control method and a control system of a transient source.
The invention is realized in such a way that the telescopic observation device of the transient source is provided with:
a base for fixing and supporting components and equipment mounted thereon;
the equatorial telescope is arranged on the base frame seat, and is used for controlling the movement of the telescope frame and pointing the geometric central axis of the telescope frame to a preset sky area position;
the telescope rack, the geometric central axis of telescope rack couples to equatorial telescope, connect and mount 4 support arms at the same time, all support arms are in the identity level, every support arm end point mounts a single-axis revolving stage, revolving stage rotating shaft and support arm are in the identity level, and perpendicular to the line of support arm end point and geometric central point of telescope rack, 4 revolving stages relative position are in the identity level with the geometric central point of telescope rack as square 4 apical points of the center, the single-axis revolving stage contains two limit switches, is used for limiting the revolving stage rotation direction and rotation range, the limit switch limits the revolving stage rotation range in 0-9.899 degrees;
the telescope system comprises 4 telescope lens cones, optical filter rotating wheels and CCD cameras, wherein the telescope system is respectively fixed on the 4 rotary tables, each telescope lens cone is of a refraction structure, the effective light passing aperture is 15cm, the optical field of the telescope is 14 degrees × 14 degrees, the optical filter rotating wheels are assembled at the rear ends of the telescope lens cones, each optical filter rotating wheel is provided with 2 light passing holes, 1 light passing hole is reserved as a hole, one optical filter is installed in the other light passing hole, the optical filters of the 4 telescope lens cones are different and are respectively a standard optical filter of a SDSS light measuring system u, g, r and i wave bands, and the CCD cameras are arranged at the rear ends of the optical filters and used for collecting optical image information.
Further, in the telescope frame, the 0-degree position is set as the position A and is defined as the position where the optical axis of the telescope system driven by the turntable is parallel to the geometric central axis of the telescope frame; the 9.899-degree position is set as a B position and is defined as a 9.899-degree position formed by the included angle between the pointing direction of the optical axis of the telescope system driven by the turntable and the geometric central axis of the telescope rack.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a telescopic observation device of a transient source using the telescopic observation device of a transient source, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, setting an initial state of the device as a transient source searching state, and processing time series images shot in the same day zone through a control program and image processing software;
step two, after the suspected transient source target exists in the image, the device is switched to a transient source multicolor inspection and observation state, a telescope support geometric central shaft points to the suspected transient source target, multiband image data of the target are collected, and confirmation of the transient source target is completed;
if the target is confirmed to be a transient source target, carrying out subsequent position information and multiband photometric data acquisition work; if the non-transient source target is confirmed, the device is switched back to the transient source searching state, and time sequence images are continuously shot for other day areas to search the transient source target.
Further, the method for controlling the telescopic observation device of the transient source further comprises the following steps:
(1) the transient source observation device is set to be in a searching state, 4 single-axis rotary tables of a telescope frame in the device drive a telescope system to rotate to a position B, an included angle between an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables and a geometric central axis of the telescope frame is 9.899 degrees in a pointing direction of a geocentric direction, and an optical filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-passing hole without an optical filter; meanwhile, the device points to different pre-divided day areas to acquire images, so that scanning search of all day areas is realized;
(2) processing image data searched in the step (1), judging and screening suspected transient source targets appearing in the image, extracting position information of the suspected transient source targets, switching a transient source observation telescope device to a multi-color authentication and observation state, driving a telescope system to rotate to a position A by 4 single-shaft rotary tables of a telescope rack, enabling an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables to be parallel to a position of a geometric central shaft of the telescope rack, and simultaneously switching optical filters by an optical filter rotating wheel of the telescope system to enable the 4 telescope systems to be respectively positioned in standard optical filters of u, g, r and i wave bands of an SDSS photometric system; simultaneously, a geometric central axis of a telescope frame points to a suspected transient source target, and multiband image data acquisition of a target star image is carried out;
(3) and (3) processing and comparing the multiband image data of the suspected transient source target in the step (2), extracting star information and fitted optical variation curves from the image data under u, g, r and i bands aiming at the suspected transient source target, confirming that the optical variation curves are the transient source target when the optical variation curves of 4 bands have transient source optical variation characteristics, carrying out subsequent multiband image data acquisition processing and storage, extracting position and multicolor photometric data information, and if a non-transient source target is confirmed, executing the step (1) again and continuously searching the transient source target.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a control system for a telescopic observation device of a transient source using the above-mentioned telescopic observation device of a transient source, the control system comprising:
the telescope main control subsystem is used for selecting and controlling the working state of the telescope system and realizing the functions of transient source searching observation, multicolor authentication and follow-up observation;
the motion control subsystem is used for controlling the rotation direction, the rotation speed and the pointing position of the telescope device, controlling the rotation direction and the rotation position of 4 single-axis turntables of the rack and realizing the search, tracking and observation of a transient source target;
the image processing subsystem is used for extracting and identifying transient source targets in the image data and acquiring transient source multicolor photometric data and position information;
and the time subsystem is used for providing time information for the image data acquired by the telescope system, the telescope main control subsystem and the motion control subsystem.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
(1) the transient source observation device is set to be in a searching state, 4 single-axis rotary tables of a telescope frame in the device drive a telescope system to rotate to a position B, an included angle between an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables and a geometric central axis of the telescope frame is 9.899 degrees in a pointing direction of a geocentric direction, and an optical filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-passing hole without an optical filter; meanwhile, the device points to different pre-divided day areas to acquire images, so that scanning search of all day areas is realized;
(2) processing image data searched in the step (1), judging and screening suspected transient source targets appearing in the image, extracting position information of the suspected transient source targets, switching a transient source observation telescope device to a multi-color authentication and observation state, driving a telescope system to rotate to a position A by 4 single-shaft rotary tables of a telescope rack, enabling an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables to be parallel to a position of a geometric central shaft of the telescope rack, and simultaneously switching optical filters by an optical filter rotating wheel of the telescope system to enable the 4 telescope systems to be respectively positioned in standard optical filters of u, g, r and i wave bands of an SDSS photometric system; simultaneously, a geometric central axis of a telescope frame points to a suspected transient source target, and multiband image data acquisition of a target star image is carried out;
(3) and (3) processing and comparing the multiband image data of the suspected transient source target in the step (2), extracting star information and fitted optical variation curves from the image data under u, g, r and i bands aiming at the suspected transient source target, confirming that the optical variation curves are the transient source target when the optical variation curves of 4 bands have transient source optical variation characteristics, carrying out subsequent multiband image data acquisition processing and storage, extracting position and multicolor photometric data information, and if a non-transient source target is confirmed, executing the step (1) again and continuously searching the transient source target.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
(1) the transient source observation device is set to be in a searching state, 4 single-axis rotary tables of a telescope frame in the device drive a telescope system to rotate to a position B, an included angle between an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables and a geometric central axis of the telescope frame is 9.899 degrees in a pointing direction of a geocentric direction, and an optical filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-passing hole without an optical filter; meanwhile, the device points to different pre-divided day areas to acquire images, so that scanning search of all day areas is realized;
(2) processing image data searched in the step (1), judging and screening suspected transient source targets appearing in the image, extracting position information of the suspected transient source targets, switching a transient source observation telescope device to a multi-color authentication and observation state, driving a telescope system to rotate to a position A by 4 single-shaft rotary tables of a telescope rack, enabling an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables to be parallel to a position of a geometric central shaft of the telescope rack, and simultaneously switching optical filters by an optical filter rotating wheel of the telescope system to enable the 4 telescope systems to be respectively positioned in standard optical filters of u, g, r and i wave bands of an SDSS photometric system; simultaneously, a geometric central axis of a telescope frame points to a suspected transient source target, and multiband image data acquisition of a target star image is carried out;
(3) and (3) processing and comparing the multiband image data of the suspected transient source target in the step (2), extracting star information and fitted optical variation curves from the image data under u, g, r and i bands aiming at the suspected transient source target, confirming that the optical variation curves are the transient source target when the optical variation curves of 4 bands have transient source optical variation characteristics, carrying out subsequent multiband image data acquisition processing and storage, extracting position and multicolor photometric data information, and if a non-transient source target is confirmed, executing the step (1) again and continuously searching the transient source target.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface for applying said telescopic viewing apparatus of the transient source when executed on an electronic device.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to apply the telescopic observation device of the transient source.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal for implementing the telescopic observation device of the transient source.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the telescope observation device for the transient source provided by the invention is a transient source observation system which realizes the searching and identifying of a large monitoring sky area and the multi-band subsequent observation function, has the capability of quickly responding to the subsequent observation of the transient source, is beneficial to the multi-band confirmation of the transient source target and acquires the multi-band photometric information of the transient source target in the period from the outbreak to the extremely large light. The invention has the advantages of wide coverage area, high response speed, high system integration level and the like, and greatly improves the speed of confirming and positioning the transient source target and the subsequent multi-band photometric observation processing.
The invention combines a large-view field splicing observation mode (B state with non-parallel telescope optical axes) with a multi-tube telescope observation mode (A state with parallel telescope optical axes), and both observation modes exist, but the combination of the two observation modes is not reported. The method can cover the conventional process of observing the transient source celestial body at present by combining the A state and the B state: discovery-validation-full coverage of subsequent observations, achieving fast response.
The main process of searching and observing the foundation optical transient source comprises the following steps: 1. the space-based satellite sends an early warning signal/a ground-based telescope searches and finds; 2. the ground-based optical telescope adopts multiband photometry/spectral observation for target confirmation; 3. the foundation telescope carries out subsequent optical observation. The solution of ground-based optical search and observation of transient sources in stage 1 is mainly to form an array with small-aperture large-field-of-view telescopes, covering a larger sky area as much as possible, as described in the patent mentioned in the ninth paragraph, currently available domestic is the GWAC project of the national astronomical stage, these items are used to improve the sensitivity of detection of transient sources, without filters in the search process, therefore, after the transient source is found, the subsequent transient source confirming and observing function is not available, and the 2-stage and the 3-stage can not be carried out, wherein the 2-stage and the 3-stage are observed by the positioning signal of the 1-stage and additionally adopting a large-caliber telescope, the time consumption exists in the 1-stage and the 2-stage due to the transmission of the signal, for optical data of a part of short-time-scale targets missing a part of explosion phases, the invention can combine the 1 and 2 phases through the motion control of the telescope system, and can acquire the optical data of the explosion phases which are possibly missed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of a telescopic observation device of a transient source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the telescopic observation device of the transient source according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic observation device for a transient source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a base; 2. an equatorial telescope; 3. a telescope frame; 4. a telescope system; the telescope frame 3 and the telescope system 4 are connected by a single-axis turntable 31 on the telescope frame 3, and the telescope system 4 includes a filter wheel 41.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transient source search and observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows an actual shot picture of a large field of view stitching observation mode (B state with non-parallel telescope optical axes) provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a photograph of an actual multi-tube telescope observation mode (a state where the optical axes of the telescopes are parallel to each other) provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a telescope observation device of a transient source, a control method and a control system thereof, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for controlling a telescopic observation device of a transient source according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101, setting the initial state of the device as a transient source searching state, and processing time series images shot in the same day zone through a control program and image processing software;
s102, after the suspected transient source target exists in the image, the device is switched to a transient source multicolor inspection and observation state, a telescope support geometric central shaft points to the suspected transient source target, multiband image data of the target are collected, and confirmation of the transient source target is completed;
s103, if the target is confirmed to be a transient source target, carrying out subsequent position information and multiband photometric data acquisition work; if the non-transient source target is confirmed, the device is switched back to the transient source searching state, and time sequence images are continuously shot for other day areas to search the transient source target.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a telescopic observation device, system, method and storage medium for transient sources.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: one aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling transient source observation, including:
step one, setting a transient source observation device to be in a searching state, wherein 4 single-axis rotary tables of a telescope rack in the device drive a telescope system to rotate to a position B, an included angle between an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables and a geometric central axis of the telescope rack is 9.899 degrees in a pointing direction of a geocentric direction, and an optical filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-free light-passing hole; meanwhile, the device points to different day areas which are divided in advance to collect images, and scanning search of the whole day area is realized.
Step two, processing the image data searched in the step one, judging and screening suspected transient source targets appearing in the image, extracting position information of the suspected transient source targets, switching the transient source observation telescope device to a multi-color authentication and observation state, driving the telescope system to rotate to the position A by 4 single-shaft rotary tables of the telescope frame, enabling the optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables to be parallel to the position of the geometric central axis of the telescope frame, and simultaneously switching the optical filter by the optical filter rotating wheel of the telescope system to enable the 4 telescope systems to be respectively positioned in standard optical filters of u, g, r and i wave bands of the SDSS photometric system; and simultaneously, the geometric central axis of the telescope frame points to the suspected transient source target to acquire multiband image data of the target star image.
And step three, processing and comparing the multiband image data of the suspected transient source target in the step two, extracting star information and fitted optical variation curves from the image data under u, g, r and i bands aiming at the suspected transient source target, confirming that the optical variation curves are the transient source target when the optical variation curves of 4 bands have transient source optical variation characteristics, carrying out subsequent multiband image data acquisition processing and storage on the transient source observation telescope device when the working state of the transient source observation telescope device is unchanged, extracting position and multicolor photometric data information, and if a non-transient source target is confirmed, executing the step one again and continuously searching the transient source target.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a telescopic observation device mounted with the transient source observation system, the observation device being provided with:
a base for fixing and supporting components and equipment mounted thereon;
the equatorial telescope is arranged on the base frame seat, and is used for controlling the movement of the telescope frame and pointing the geometric central axis of the telescope frame to a preset sky area position;
the telescope rack, the geometric central axis of telescope rack couples to equatorial telescope, connect and mount 4 support arms at the same time, all support arms are in the identity level, every support arm end point mounts a single-axis revolving stage, revolving stage axis of rotation and support arm are in the identity level, and perpendicular to support arm end point and line of the geometric central point of telescope rack, 4 revolving stages relative positions are in the identity level and regard geometric central point of telescope rack as square 4 apical points of the center, the single-axis revolving stage contains two limit switches, used for limiting revolving stage rotation direction and rotation range, the limit switch limits the rotation range of the revolving stage in 0-9.899 degrees, wherein 0 degree position is set as A position, define as the position that the optical axis of telescope system that the revolving stage drives is parallel to the geometric central axis of telescope rack; the 9.899-degree position is set as the B position and is defined as the position that the included angle between the optical axis of the telescope system driven by the turntable pointing to the earth center direction and the geometric central axis of the telescope frame is 9.899 degrees;
the telescope system, the essential element includes telescope lens cone, light filter runner, CCD camera, the telescope system is total 4, be fixed in respectively on 4 revolving stages, the telescope lens cone is refraction formula structure, effective clear aperture 15cm, telescope optical field is 14 degrees 14, telescope lens cone rear end assembly light filter runner, the light filter runner has 2 clear aperture, it is empty to reserve 1 clear aperture, another clear aperture installs a light filter, the light filter diverse of 4 telescope lens cones, be SDSS photometry system u respectively, g, r, i wave band standard optical filter, the light filter rear end is equipped with the CCD camera, be used for gathering optical image information.
Another aspect of the invention provides a telescope control system for operating the telescopic observation apparatus method, the telescope control system comprising:
the telescope main control subsystem is used for selecting and controlling the working state of the telescope system and realizing the functions of transient source searching observation, multicolor authentication and follow-up observation;
the motion control subsystem is used for controlling the rotation direction, the rotation speed and the pointing position of the telescope device, controlling the rotation direction and the rotation position of 4 single-axis turntables of the rack and realizing the search, tracking and observation of a transient source target;
the image processing subsystem is used for extracting and identifying transient source targets in the image data and acquiring transient source multicolor photometric data and position information;
and the time subsystem is used for providing time information for the image data acquired by the telescope system, the telescope main control subsystem and the motion control subsystem.
The invention relates to a transient source observation system which realizes the searching and identifying of a larger monitoring sky area and the subsequent multi-band observation function. The invention has the rapid response follow-up observation capability to the transient source, is beneficial to the multi-band confirmation of the transient source target and the acquisition of the multi-band photometric information of the transient source target in the period from the outbreak to the extremely large light level, has the advantages of wide coverage area, high response speed, high system integration level and the like, and greatly improves the speed of confirming and positioning the transient source target and the speed of follow-up multi-band photometric observation processing.
Example 2
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a telescope control device, a telescope control system, a telescope control method and a storage medium,
the control method of the transient source telescope observation device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) the device is set to be in a transient source searching state in an initial state, and time series images shot in the same day zone are processed through a control program and image processing software;
(2) after the suspected transient source target exists in the image, the device is switched to a transient source multicolor inspection and observation state, the geometric central shaft of the telescope support points to the suspected transient source target, multiband image data of the target are collected, and confirmation of the transient source target is completed;
(3) if the target is confirmed to be a transient source target, carrying out subsequent position information and multiband photometric data acquisition work; if the non-transient source target is confirmed, the device is switched back to the transient source searching state, and time sequence images are continuously shot for other day areas to search the transient source target.
As shown in fig. 2, the control system for providing the transient source observation device in the present embodiment includes:
the telescope main control subsystem is used for selecting and controlling the working state of the telescope system, and realizing the functions of transient source searching, multicolor authentication and follow-up observation;
the motion control subsystem is used for controlling the rotation direction, the rotation speed and the pointing position of the telescope device, controlling the rotation direction and the rotation position of 4 single-axis turntables of the rack and realizing the search, tracking and observation of a transient source target;
the image processing subsystem is used for extracting and identifying transient source targets in the image data and acquiring transient source multicolor photometric data and position information;
and the time subsystem is used for providing time information for the image data acquired by the telescope system, the telescope main control subsystem and the motion control subsystem.
As shown in fig. 3, the telescope control apparatus according to the present embodiment includes:
1. a base: the equatorial telescope frame structure is used for being fixed to a horizontal ground and is provided with an equatorial telescope and an upper related device thereof;
2. equatorial telescope: no-load weight 100Kg, tracking rotation range: red meridian axis: ± 170 °, declination axis: -42.5 ° to 95 °, shafting wobble accuracy: better than 2 ", shaft encoder: 24 bits, load: both sides are more than 300 kg; angular velocity: the declination is 0.001-20 degree/s, the declination is 0.001-10 degree/s, the angular acceleration is as follows: the red channel is more than or equal to 10 degrees/s2Declination is more than or equal to 5 degrees/s2The declination adjustment range: +/-1.5 degrees, and has a mechanical adjusting structure; regulating range of the right ascension: +/-1.5 deg, included angle of red meridian axis and horizontal plane of earth by 44 deg, and mechanical regulating structure.
3. A telescope rack: the no-load weight is 100kg, the no-load weight is provided with four support arms, the support arms are uniformly distributed on the same plane at 90 degrees, the positions of geometric central axes of the support arms are connected with an equatorial telescope through bolts, a single-axis turntable is arranged at the end point of each support arm, the rotating shafts of the turntable and the support arms are positioned on the same plane and are perpendicular to a connecting line of the end points of the support arms and the geometric central point of a telescope frame, the relative positions of 4 turntables are 4 vertex points of a square which takes the geometric central point of the telescope frame as the center in the same plane, the turntable contains two limit switches and is used for limiting the rotating direction and the rotating range of the turntable, the rotating range of the turntable is 0-9.899 degrees, wherein the 0 degree position is set as the A position, and the A position is defined as the position that the optical axis of a telescope system driven by the turntable is parallel to the geometric central axis of the frame; the 9.899 degree position is set as B position, which is defined as 9.899 degree position between the ground center direction of the optical axis of the telescope system driven by the turntable and the geometric central axis of the frame. The shaking precision of the rotary table shaft system is less than 2', the angular speed of the rotary table is as follows: 0.001-20 deg/s and angular acceleration of turntable greater than 10 deg/s2。
4. The telescope system, the essential element includes telescope lens cone, light filter runner, CCD camera, the telescope system is total 4, be fixed in respectively on 4 revolving stages, the telescope lens cone is refraction formula structure, effective clear aperture 15cm, telescope optical field is 14 degrees 14, telescope lens cone rear end assembly light filter runner, the light filter runner has 2 clear aperture, it is empty to reserve 1 clear aperture, another clear aperture installs a light filter, the light filter diverse of 4 telescope lens cones, be SDSS photometry system g respectively, r, i, z wave band standard optical filter, the light filter rear end is equipped with the CCD camera, be used for gathering optical image information. Effective clear aperture of telescope barrel (single): 150 ± 2mm (diameter); focal length: 150mm plus or minus 3 mm; the working wavelength is as follows: 380-900 nm, detection capability: under the condition of 19 and the like, the star is better than 14 stars and the like; optical efficiency: more than or equal to 70 percent; optical field of view 14 ° by 14 °, measurement accuracy: better than 9.0 "(RMS); the use temperature is as follows: -30 ℃ to 30 ℃. Scientific grade camera: KL 4040; resolution 4k, picture elements 9 um.
As shown in fig. 4, the working principle of the present technical solution is: the device has two working states, one is a transient source searching state, under the state, 4 rotating tables of the frame drive the telescope system to rotate to a position B, the telescope system is kept fixed, and meanwhile, the light filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-free light-transmitting hole;
the other is a transient source multi-color authentication and observation state, in the working state, 4 turntables of a telescope rack drive a telescope system to rotate to a position A, the telescope system is kept fixed, and simultaneously an equatorial telescope drives the rack to rotate, so that a geometric central shaft of the rack points to a set position, and a light filter rotating wheel of the telescope system is controlled to switch a light filter, so that 4 telescope lens barrels are respectively positioned in u, g, r and i wave band standard light filters; in the two working states, the CCD camera in the telescope system shoots images at a fixed frequency.
The device is in an initial state of a transient source searching state, a day area with 784 square degrees can be covered by a single shot image of the device, after a time sequence image shot in the same day area is processed, a suspected transient source target exists in the image is judged, the device is switched to a transient source multi-color authentication and observation state, a geometric central shaft of a rack points to the suspected transient source target, multi-band image data of the target are acquired, authentication of the transient source target is completed, if the transient source target is authenticated, the working state of the device is kept unchanged, and subsequent position information and multi-band photometric data acquisition work is carried out; if the non-transient source target is confirmed, the device is switched back to the transient source searching state, and time sequence images are continuously shot for other day areas to search the transient source target.
Each telescope system is matched with a graphic workstation, the acquired observation data are processed in real time, transient source target observation images meeting conditions are identified through real-time monitoring of star photometric changes, and the transient source target observation images are stored in a database and are acquired and stored along with the observation data after the transient source target observation images are stored. And if the transient source target is not found, the observation image is not stored, and the data acquisition work is continued.
The key points and points to be protected of the invention are as follows:
(1) combining a large-view field splicing observation mode (a B state that optical axes of telescopes are not parallel) with a multi-tube telescope observation mode (an A state that optical axes of telescopes are parallel), wherein the two observation modes exist, but the combination of the two observation modes is not reported;
(2) the combination mode of the state A and the state B can cover the conventional process of observing the transient source celestial body at present: discovery-validation-full coverage of subsequent observations, achieving fast response.
The main process of searching and observing the foundation optical transient source comprises the following steps: 1-day-based satellite sends early warning signal/ground-based telescope search discovery-2-ground-based optical telescope adopts multiband photometry/spectral observation for target confirmation-3-ground-based telescope for subsequent optical observation.
The solution of ground-based optical search and observation of transient sources in stage 1 is mainly to form an array with small-aperture large-field-of-view telescopes, covering a larger sky area as much as possible, as described in the patent mentioned in the ninth paragraph, currently available domestic is the GWAC project of the national astronomical stage, these items are used to improve the sensitivity of detection of transient sources, without filters in the search process, therefore, after the transient source is found, the subsequent transient source confirming and observing function is not available, and the 2-stage and the 3-stage can not be carried out, wherein the 2-stage and the 3-stage are observed by the positioning signal of the 1-stage and additionally adopting a large-caliber telescope, the time consumption exists in the 1-stage and the 2-stage due to the transmission of the signal, for optical data of a part of short-time-scale targets missing a part of explosion phases, the invention can combine the 1 and 2 phases through the motion control of the telescope system, and can acquire the optical data of the explosion phases which are possibly missed.
The alternative scheme of the invention can install a turntable for each telescope column, independently control and respectively scan different areas to execute the stage 1 in the seventh item, and switch the optical filters to point to the same position together after finding the target to perform the stage 2 as before, but the scheme increases the cost due to the increase of the number of the turntables;
or the optical filter rotating wheel is changed in the third mode under the condition that the optical axes of the telescope lens barrels are not parallel, the number of the optical filters in the rotating wheel is increased from 1 to 4, so that the lens barrels do not rotate, 2 stages need to be carried out, the optical filter rotating wheel is controlled to switch wave bands to collect images, the size of the optical filter rotating wheel is increased, the cost is increased, and meanwhile, time asynchronization errors exist when the rotating wheel is switched to introduce optical data of each wave band.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the experimental results.
Fig. 5 is an actual shot picture of a large sky region transient source search state developed by the large field of view splicing observation method (B state in which optical axes of telescopes are not parallel) provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an actual photograph of the optical filter with the same target position in u, g, r, and i bands in the multi-tube telescope observation mode (a state where the optical axes of the telescopes are parallel) according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When used in whole or in part, can be implemented in a computer program product that includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded or executed on a computer, cause the flow or functions according to embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A telescopic observation device of a transient source, characterized in that it is provided with:
a base for fixing and supporting components and equipment mounted thereon;
the equatorial telescope is arranged on the base frame seat, and is used for controlling the movement of the telescope frame and pointing the geometric central axis of the telescope frame to a preset sky area position;
the telescope rack, the geometric central axis of telescope rack couples to equatorial telescope, connect and mount 4 support arms at the same time, all support arms are in the identity level, every support arm end point mounts a single-axis revolving stage, revolving stage rotating shaft and support arm are in the identity level, and perpendicular to the line of support arm end point and geometric central point of telescope rack, 4 revolving stages relative position are in the identity level with the geometric central point of telescope rack as square 4 apical points of the center, the single-axis revolving stage contains two limit switches, is used for limiting the revolving stage rotation direction and rotation range, the limit switch limits the revolving stage rotation range in 0-9.899 degrees;
the telescope system comprises 4 telescope lens cones, optical filter rotating wheels and CCD cameras, wherein the telescope system is respectively fixed on the 4 rotary tables, each telescope lens cone is of a refraction structure, the effective light passing aperture is 15cm, the optical field of the telescope is 14 degrees × 14 degrees, the optical filter rotating wheels are assembled at the rear ends of the telescope lens cones, each optical filter rotating wheel is provided with 2 light passing holes, 1 light passing hole is reserved as a hole, one optical filter is installed in the other light passing hole, the optical filters of the 4 telescope lens cones are different and are respectively a standard optical filter of a SDSS light measuring system u, g, r and i wave bands, and the CCD cameras are arranged at the rear ends of the optical filters and used for collecting optical image information.
2. The telescopic observation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the 0 ° position is set as the a position in the telescope mount, and is defined as the position where the optical axis of the telescope system driven by the turntable is parallel to the geometric central axis of the telescope mount; the 9.899-degree position is set as a B position and is defined as a 9.899-degree position formed by the included angle between the pointing direction of the optical axis of the telescope system driven by the turntable and the geometric central axis of the telescope rack.
3. A method for controlling a telescopic observation apparatus for a transient source to which the telescopic observation apparatus for a transient source according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is applied, the method comprising:
step one, setting an initial state of the device as a transient source searching state, and processing time series images shot in the same day zone through a control program and image processing software;
step two, after the suspected transient source target exists in the image, the device is switched to a transient source multicolor inspection and observation state, a telescope support geometric central shaft points to the suspected transient source target, multiband image data of the target are collected, and confirmation of the transient source target is completed;
if the target is confirmed to be a transient source target, carrying out subsequent position information and multiband photometric data acquisition work; if the non-transient source target is confirmed, the device is switched back to the transient source searching state, and time sequence images are continuously shot for other day areas to search the transient source target.
4. The method of controlling a telescopic observation apparatus for a transient source according to claim 3, further comprising:
(1) the transient source observation device is set to be in a searching state, 4 single-axis rotary tables of a telescope frame in the device drive a telescope system to rotate to a position B, an included angle between an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables and a geometric central axis of the telescope frame is 9.899 degrees in a pointing direction of a geocentric direction, and an optical filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-passing hole without an optical filter; meanwhile, the device points to different pre-divided day areas to acquire images, so that scanning search of all day areas is realized;
(2) processing image data searched in the step (1), judging and screening suspected transient source targets appearing in the image, extracting position information of the suspected transient source targets, switching a transient source observation telescope device to a multi-color authentication and observation state, driving a telescope system to rotate to a position A by 4 single-shaft rotary tables of a telescope rack, enabling an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables to be parallel to a position of a geometric central shaft of the telescope rack, and simultaneously switching optical filters by an optical filter rotating wheel of the telescope system to enable the 4 telescope systems to be respectively positioned in standard optical filters of u, g, r and i wave bands of an SDSS photometric system; simultaneously, a geometric central axis of a telescope frame points to a suspected transient source target, and multiband image data acquisition of a target star image is carried out;
(3) and (3) processing and comparing the multiband image data of the suspected transient source target in the step (2), extracting star information and fitted optical variation curves from the image data under u, g, r and i bands aiming at the suspected transient source target, confirming that the optical variation curves are the transient source target when the optical variation curves of 4 bands have transient source optical variation characteristics, carrying out subsequent multiband image data acquisition processing and storage, extracting position and multicolor photometric data information, and if a non-transient source target is confirmed, executing the step (1) again and continuously searching the transient source target.
5. A control system of a telescopic observation device for a transient source to which the telescopic observation device for a transient source according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is applied, the control system comprising:
the telescope main control subsystem is used for selecting and controlling the working state of the telescope system and realizing the functions of transient source searching observation, multicolor authentication and follow-up observation;
the motion control subsystem is used for controlling the rotation direction, the rotation speed and the pointing position of the telescope device, controlling the rotation direction and the rotation position of 4 single-axis turntables of the rack and realizing the search, tracking and observation of a transient source target;
the image processing subsystem is used for extracting and identifying transient source targets in the image data and acquiring transient source multicolor photometric data and position information;
and the time subsystem is used for providing time information for the image data acquired by the telescope system, the telescope main control subsystem and the motion control subsystem.
6. A computer device, characterized in that the computer device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of:
(1) the transient source observation device is set to be in a searching state, 4 single-axis rotary tables of a telescope frame in the device drive a telescope system to rotate to a position B, an included angle between an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables and a geometric central axis of the telescope frame is 9.899 degrees in a pointing direction of a geocentric direction, and an optical filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-passing hole without an optical filter; meanwhile, the device points to different pre-divided day areas to acquire images, so that scanning search of all day areas is realized;
(2) processing image data searched in the step (1), judging and screening suspected transient source targets appearing in the image, extracting position information of the suspected transient source targets, switching a transient source observation telescope device to a multi-color authentication and observation state, driving a telescope system to rotate to a position A by 4 single-shaft rotary tables of a telescope rack, enabling an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables to be parallel to a position of a geometric central shaft of the telescope rack, and simultaneously switching optical filters by an optical filter rotating wheel of the telescope system to enable the 4 telescope systems to be respectively positioned in standard optical filters of u, g, r and i wave bands of an SDSS photometric system; simultaneously, a geometric central axis of a telescope frame points to a suspected transient source target, and multiband image data acquisition of a target star image is carried out;
(3) and (3) processing and comparing the multiband image data of the suspected transient source target in the step (2), extracting star information and fitted optical variation curves from the image data under u, g, r and i bands aiming at the suspected transient source target, confirming that the optical variation curves are the transient source target when the optical variation curves of 4 bands have transient source optical variation characteristics, carrying out subsequent multiband image data acquisition processing and storage, extracting position and multicolor photometric data information, and if a non-transient source target is confirmed, executing the step (1) again and continuously searching the transient source target.
7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
(1) the transient source observation device is set to be in a searching state, 4 single-axis rotary tables of a telescope frame in the device drive a telescope system to rotate to a position B, an included angle between an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables and a geometric central axis of the telescope frame is 9.899 degrees in a pointing direction of a geocentric direction, and an optical filter rotating wheel in the telescope system is switched to a light-passing hole without an optical filter; meanwhile, the device points to different pre-divided day areas to acquire images, so that scanning search of all day areas is realized;
(2) processing image data searched in the step (1), judging and screening suspected transient source targets appearing in the image, extracting position information of the suspected transient source targets, switching a transient source observation telescope device to a multi-color authentication and observation state, driving a telescope system to rotate to a position A by 4 single-shaft rotary tables of a telescope rack, enabling an optical axis of the telescope system driven by the rotary tables to be parallel to a position of a geometric central shaft of the telescope rack, and simultaneously switching optical filters by an optical filter rotating wheel of the telescope system to enable the 4 telescope systems to be respectively positioned in standard optical filters of u, g, r and i wave bands of an SDSS photometric system; simultaneously, a geometric central axis of a telescope frame points to a suspected transient source target, and multiband image data acquisition of a target star image is carried out;
(3) and (3) processing and comparing the multiband image data of the suspected transient source target in the step (2), extracting star information and fitted optical variation curves from the image data under u, g, r and i bands aiming at the suspected transient source target, confirming that the optical variation curves are the transient source target when the optical variation curves of 4 bands have transient source optical variation characteristics, carrying out subsequent multiband image data acquisition processing and storage, extracting position and multicolor photometric data information, and if a non-transient source target is confirmed, executing the step (1) again and continuously searching the transient source target.
8. A computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface for applying a telescopic viewing apparatus of a transient source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 when executed on an electronic device.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to apply a telescopic observation apparatus of a transient source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2.
10. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that the information data processing terminal is used for realizing a telescopic observation device of a transient source according to any one of claims 1-2.
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