CN113900174A - Rare earth doped optical fiber with Lelo triangular fiber core - Google Patents

Rare earth doped optical fiber with Lelo triangular fiber core Download PDF

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CN113900174A
CN113900174A CN202111072141.0A CN202111072141A CN113900174A CN 113900174 A CN113900174 A CN 113900174A CN 202111072141 A CN202111072141 A CN 202111072141A CN 113900174 A CN113900174 A CN 113900174A
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core
triangular
fiber
optical fiber
inner cladding
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姜延飞
李力
王东东
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02342Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
    • G02B6/02357Property of longitudinal structures or background material varies radially and/or azimuthally in the cladding, e.g. size, spacing, periodicity, shape, refractive index, graded index, quasiperiodic, quasicrystals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295Microstructured optical fibre
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02342Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
    • G02B6/02361Longitudinal structures forming multiple layers around the core, e.g. arranged in multiple rings with each ring having longitudinal elements at substantially the same radial distance from the core, having rotational symmetry about the fibre axis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03622Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
    • G02B6/03627Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only arranged - +

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth doped optical fiber with a Lelo triangular fiber core, which comprises the following structural components in part by weight: a lyocell triangular core, a lyocell triangular inner cladding, and a circular outer cladding. Wherein, the round outer cladding layer part adopts pure silicon dioxide which is not doped with rare earth elements; the Leluo triangular fiber core part adopts silicon dioxide doped with rare earth elements, so that the optical refractive index of the fiber core part is higher than that of the outer cladding layer; the Lelo triangular inner cladding portion dopes the silica with different types and concentrations of rare earth elements so that the optical refractive index of the inner cladding is lower than that of the outer cladding and the longitudinal acoustic velocity is lower than that of the core. The optical fiber has a simple structure, and has a larger effective area of an optical fundamental mode compared with a common optical fiber with a circular fiber core within a specific parameter range, so that the effect of inhibiting the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect in the optical fiber is achieved.

Description

Rare earth doped optical fiber with Lelo triangular fiber core
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing, and particularly relates to a rare earth doped optical fiber with a Lelo triangular fiber core.
Background
Under the action of strong light, the medium can generate nonlinear effects including optical harmonic, frequency doubling, stimulated Raman scattering, stimulated Brillouin scattering, two-photon absorption, self-focusing effect and self-defocusing effect. The generation of nonlinear effects in the optical fiber often limits the power of the optical fiber laser and affects the output characteristics. The method has practical significance for inhibiting and even eliminating partial nonlinear effects in the optical fiber, such as stimulated Brillouin scattering effect, and further improving the output power of the optical fiber laser and the optical amplifier.
The main technical solutions at present for suppressing the stimulated brillouin scattering effect in an optical fiber, in other words, for increasing the threshold power of the stimulated brillouin scattering effect, are: the method is characterized in that the line width of seed laser is widened by phase modulation, short-pulse-width pulse seed laser is adopted, highly-doped or large-mode-field optical fiber is utilized to reduce the effective length of the optical fiber, a temperature gradient or a stress gradient is applied to widen the Brillouin gain spectrum of the optical fiber, the effective mode field area of the optical fiber is increased, and the like. The increase of the effective mode field area of the optical fiber can be realized by optimizing the geometric parameters and the optical refractive index of each position of the section of the optical fiber.
In mathematics, a simple strictly convex closed curve (oval curve) on a plane can make two tangent lines parallel to each other in each direction, namely the highest line and the lowest line in the direction, and the two tangent points are called as corresponding to each other. We refer to this kind of ovoid as an equal-width curve, which is a graph of equal-width curves if the distance between the highest and lowest lines in each direction is constant. Circular, is a typical constant width curve pattern. A lyocell polygon, also a pattern of equal width curves. Specific implementation of the Lelo polygon: firstly, a regular 2n + 1-sided polygon A is constructed1A2A3……A2n+1Respectively taking 2n +1 vertexes as the center of circle, A1To An+1The distance of (a) is 2n +1 circles with a radius, and the common part of the circles is the Lelo (2n +1) polygon. The case of the lelo triangle is when n is 1.
The mathematician babbie discovered a theorem in 1860: all the equal-width curves of width b have the same circumference π b, i.e., the circumference of a circle of diameter b. In addition, the area enclosed by the circumference is the largest in all simple closed curves with fixed length on the plane. For the optical fiber, under the condition that other parameters are kept unchanged, the larger the geometric area of the fiber core is, the larger the effective mode field area of the optical fiber is relatively.
Today's optical fibers are often based on a circular core, and the optical fiber parameters are further designed and adjusted to optimize the transmission performance of the optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rare-earth doped optical fiber with a lyocell triangular core.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the rare earth doped optical fiber comprises a Lelo triangular fiber core, a Lelo triangular inner cladding and a circular outer cladding which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.
Further, the optical refractive index n of the Lelo triangular corecoreWidth b of core, optical refractive index n of the circular outer claddingcladAnd the laser wavelength λ satisfy the relation:
Figure BDA0003260748190000021
further, the width of the Lelo triangular fiber core is the distance from any vertex of the triangle to the arc of the opposite side.
Further, the circular outer cladding layer is made of pure silica material which is not doped with any other rare earth element.
Furthermore, the Lelo triangular fiber core is made of a silica material doped with rare earth elements, so that the optical refractive index of the Lelo triangular fiber core is higher than that of the circular outer cladding.
Furthermore, the Lelo triangular inner cladding is made of silica materials doped with rare earth elements of different types and different concentrations, so that the optical refractive index of the Lelo triangular inner cladding is lower than that of the circular outer cladding, and the longitudinal sound velocity in the Lelo triangular inner cladding is lower than that in the Lelo triangular fiber core.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) for any single-mode optical fiber meeting the conditions, the refractive index and the width of the inner cladding are adjusted, so that the effective mode field area of the optical fiber can be increased; 2) the values of the refractive index and the width of the inner cladding of the optical fiber are not unique, and appropriate parameters can be selected according to production level and design requirements, so that the optical fiber has stronger adaptability; 3) the optical fiber has a simple structure, and has a larger effective area of an optical fundamental mode compared with a common optical fiber with a circular fiber core in a specific parameter range, thereby playing a role in inhibiting the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect in the optical fiber.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rare earth doped fiber with a Lelo triangular core according to one embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rare earth doped fiber with a circular core for comparison in one embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the correspondence between the area ratio of the equal-width reuleaux polygon to the circle and the number of polygon edges in one embodiment.
FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the round-core fiber and the width and refractive index of the inner cladding in one embodiment.
FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the fiber and the number of edges of the Lelo polygon and the width of the inner cladding when the index of refraction of the Lelo polygon inner cladding is 1.455.
FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber and the number of edges of the Lelo polygon and the width of the inner cladding when the refractive index of the Lelo polygon inner cladding is 1.420.
FIG. 7 shows the fundamental mode shape of a Lelo triangular core fiber with a Lelo triangular inner cladding index of 1.420 and a width of 0.5um in one example.
Fig. 8 shows the correspondence between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber, the number of edges of the lyocell polygon, and the width of the inner cladding when the refractive index of the lyocell polygon inner cladding is 1.400 in the second embodiment.
Fig. 9 shows the correspondence between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber, the number of edges of the lyocell polygon, and the width of the inner cladding when the refractive index of the lyocell polygon inner cladding is 1.340 in the second embodiment.
FIG. 10 shows the fundamental mode shape of the Lelo triangular core fiber in example two with a Lelo triangular inner cladding index of 1.340 and a width of 1 um.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, in conjunction with fig. 1, a lyocell triangular core rare-earth doped optical fiber is provided, which includes a lyocell triangular core 1, a lyocell triangular inner cladding 2 and a circular outer cladding 3 arranged in sequence from inside to outside.
Further, in one embodiment, the optical refractive index n of the lyocell triangular core 1coreWidth b of the core, optical refractive index n of the circular outer cladding 2cladAnd the laser wavelength λ satisfy the relation:
Figure BDA0003260748190000031
further, in one embodiment, the width of the lyocell triangular core 1 is the distance from any vertex of the triangle to the arc of the opposite side.
Further, in one embodiment, the circular outer cladding layer 3 is a pure silica material that is not doped with any other rare earth elements.
Further, in one embodiment, the lyotropic triangular core 1 is made of a silica material doped with a rare earth element such as Ge, Yb, and the like, so that the optical refractive index of the lyotropic triangular core 1 is higher than that of the circular outer cladding 3.
Further, in one embodiment, the lyotropic triangular inner cladding 2 is made of silica material doped with different kinds and concentrations of rare earth elements such as fluorine F, boron B, etc. so that the optical refractive index of the lyotropic triangular inner cladding 2 is lower than that of the circular outer cladding 3, and the longitudinal sound velocity in the lyotropic triangular inner cladding 2 is lower than that in the lyotropic triangular core 1.
Illustratively, in one embodiment, the rare earth doped fiber of the lyocell triangular core of the present invention is further described. In this example, it will be verified by comparing the optical fiber proposed by the present invention with a rare earth doped fiber with a circular core. With reference to fig. 2, a rare earth doped fiber for comparative round core, the structure comprises: a circular core 21, a circular inner cladding 22 and a circular outer cladding 23. The diameter of the circular core is equal to the width of the lyocell triangular core 11, and the optical refractive index is equal. The width of the circular inner cladding is equal to the width of the Lelo triangular inner cladding 12, and the optical refractive index is equal.
With reference to fig. 3, the correspondence between the equal-width reuleaux polygon and the circular area ratio and the number of polygon sides is shown. The circle can be regarded as the case when the number of edges of the lyocell polygon approaches infinity. Circular area of diameter b is π b2And/4, and the area of the Lalo (2n +1) polygon of width b can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003260748190000041
as n approaches infinity, the area ratio approaches 1, i.e., the rillo polygon is closer and closer to a circle, but the area is always smaller than the circle area.
Specifically, verification:
example 1
The present embodiment performs simulation calculations in conjunction with parameters of the HI1060 fiber: the core diameter was 5.3 μm, the refractive index was 1.4644; the cladding diameter was 125 μm and the refractive index was 1.458. The laser wavelength was 1.064 μm and the normalized frequency V was 2.1401< 2.405.
FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the circular-core fiber and the width and refractive index of the inner cladding. When the inner cladding width is greater than 1 μm, the main factor affecting the effective mode field area of the fiber is the refractive index of the inner cladding. When the inner cladding width is less than 1 μm, the effective mode field area of the fiber decreases rapidly with increasing inner cladding width.
FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the fiber and the number of edges of the Lelo polygon and the width of the inner cladding when the index of refraction of the Lelo polygon inner cladding is 1.455. Wherein, the condition that the number of the sides is 3 corresponds to a Lelo triangular fiber core optical fiber; the infinite number of sides corresponds to a circular core fiber. At this time, for an inner cladding with any width, the effective mode field area of the lyocell polygonal core fiber is increased along with the increase of the number of sides, the effective mode field area of the circular core fiber is the largest, and the effective mode field area of the lyocell triangular core fiber is the smallest. Table one is the specific numerical values corresponding to fig. 5.
TABLE 1 correspondence of effective mode field area, shape and inner cladding width for an optical fiber having an inner cladding index of 1.455
Figure BDA0003260748190000042
Figure BDA0003260748190000051
FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber and the number of edges of the Lelo polygon and the width of the inner cladding when the refractive index of the Lelo polygon inner cladding is 1.420. Wherein, the condition that the number of the sides is 3 corresponds to a Lelo triangular fiber core optical fiber; the infinite number of sides corresponds to a circular core fiber. At this time, for the inner cladding with any width, the effective mode field area of the lyocell polygonal (the number of sides is more than or equal to 5) core fiber is still increased along with the increase of the number of sides, the effective mode field area of the circular core fiber is the maximum value, but the effective mode field area of the lyocell triangular core fiber is the maximum at this time. Table two is the specific values corresponding to fig. 6.
When the refractive index of the inner cladding is 1.420, the corresponding relation between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber and the shape and the width of the inner cladding
Ring width/um Aeff(3)/um2 Aeff(5)/um2 Aeff(7)/um2 Aeff(9)/um2 Aeff(11)/um2 Aeff(○)/um2
0.1 26.2882 26.0492 26.0985 26.1280 26.1448 26.1819
0.15 24.8868 24.4467 24.4729 24.4951 24.5086 24.5395
0.2 23.6441 23.0408 23.0539 23.0722 23.0839 23.1119
0.25 22.5606 21.8189 21.8261 21.8432 21.8544 21.8814
0.3 21.6287 20.7619 20.7686 20.7864 20.7980 20.8262
0.35 20.8376 19.8490 19.8599 19.8800 19.8925 19.9232
0.4 20.1793 19.0611 19.0798 19.1032 19.1174 19.1512
0.45 19.6478 18.3812 18.4109 18.4381 18.4543 18.4921
0.5 19.2459 17.7950 17.8372 17.8695 17.8879 17.9294
0.55 18.9859 17.2897 17.3465 17.3838 17.4046 17.4517
0.6 18.9225 16.8547 16.9271 16.9701 16.9932 17.0434
FIG. 7 shows the fundamental mode shape of a Lelo triangular core fiber with a Lelo triangular inner cladding index of 1.420 and a width of 0.5um, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Example 2
The present embodiment performs simulation calculations in conjunction with parameters of the SMF28e fiber: the core diameter is 8.3 μm, and the refractive index is 1.4682; the cladding diameter was 125 μm and the refractive index was 1.4615. The laser wavelength is 1.55 μm and the normalized frequency V is 2.3569< 2.405.
FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber and the number of edges of the Lelo polygon and the width of the inner cladding when the refractive index of the Lelo polygon inner cladding is 1.400. Wherein, the condition that the number of the sides is 3 corresponds to a Lelo triangular fiber core optical fiber; the infinite number of sides corresponds to a circular core fiber. At this time, for an inner cladding with any width, the effective mode field area of the lyocell polygonal core fiber is increased along with the increase of the number of sides, the effective mode field area of the circular core fiber is the largest, and the effective mode field area of the lyocell triangular core fiber is the smallest. Table three is the specific numerical values corresponding to fig. 8.
When the refractive index of the inner cladding of the third layer is 1.400, the corresponding relation between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber and the shape and the width of the inner cladding
Ring width/um Aeff(3)/um2 Aeff(5)/um2 Aeff(7)/um2 Aeff(9)/um2 Aeff(○)/um2
0.1 53.48652 54.22108 54.56085 54.7101 54.94526
0.2 46.63694 47.27235 47.61473 47.7658 48.00294
0.3 41.86057 42.63173 43.00822 43.17118 43.42192
0.4 38.50758 39.50005 39.91717 40.09298 40.3587
0.5 36.11643 37.35253 37.80696 37.9949 38.27451
0.6 34.38807 35.85802 36.34569 36.54329 36.83466
0.7 33.12581 34.80784 35.32254 35.52805 35.82748
0.8 32.20822 34.06612 34.60064 34.81226 35.11568
0.9 31.53181 33.53791 34.08996 34.30532 34.61658
1 31.04052 33.16346 33.72561 33.94487 34.25556
FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the effective mode field area of the optical fiber and the number of edges of the Lelo polygon and the width of the inner cladding when the refractive index of the Lelo polygon inner cladding is 1.340. Wherein, the condition that the number of the sides is 3 corresponds to a Lelo triangular fiber core optical fiber; the infinite number of sides corresponds to a circular core fiber. At this time, for the inner cladding with any width, the effective mode field area of the lyocell polygonal core fiber (the number of sides is more than or equal to 5) is still increased along with the increase of the number of sides, and the effective mode field area of the circular core fiber is the maximum value. However, the effective mode field area of the lyocell triangular-core fiber is maximized when the inner cladding width is increased above 0.9 μm. Table four shows specific values corresponding to fig. 9.
TABLE IV when the refractive index of the inner cladding is 1.340, the corresponding relationship between the effective mode field area of the fiber, the shape and the width of the inner cladding
Ring width/um Aeff(3)/um2 Aeff(5)/um2 Aeff(7)/um2 Aeff(9)/um2 Aeff(○)/um2
0.1 46.74894 47.20136 47.51814 47.66067 47.88642
0.2 38.8383 39.29131 39.64952 39.80638 40.04789
0.3 34.77714 35.33948 35.75188 35.92592 36.18705
0.4 32.49933 33.1656 33.62512 33.81441 34.09217
0.5 31.15034 31.89293 32.39241 32.59292 32.88392
0.6 30.3556 31.12157 31.6521 31.86125 32.15954
0.7 29.99062 30.64772 31.1995 31.41444 31.71983
0.8 30.16146 30.35682 30.91949 31.13889 31.44323
0.9 31.50408 30.17076 30.74666 30.96776 31.27734
1 38.34894 30.05434 30.63861 30.86026 31.16708
FIG. 10 shows the fundamental mode shape of a Lelo triangular core fiber with a Lelo triangular inner cladding index of 1.340 and a width of 1um, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Therefore, the optical fiber has a simple structure, and has a larger effective area of an optical fundamental mode compared with a common optical fiber with a circular fiber core within a specific parameter range, so that the effect of inhibiting the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect in the optical fiber is achieved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. The rare earth doped optical fiber with the Lelo triangular fiber core is characterized by comprising the Lelo triangular fiber core (1), a Lelo triangular inner cladding (2) and a circular outer cladding (3) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.
2. Rare earth doped fiber with a lyocell triangular core according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical refractive index n of said lyocell triangular core (1)coreWidth b of the core, optical refractive index n of the circular outer cladding (2)cladAnd the laser wavelength λ satisfy the relation:
Figure FDA0003260748180000011
3. the rare-earth doped lyotropic core fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein said lyotropic core (1) has a width that is the distance from any vertex of the triangle to the arc of the opposite side.
4. Lyocell triangular core rare-earth doped optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that said circular outer cladding (3) is made of pure silica material not doped with any other rare-earth element.
5. The lyotropic triangular-core rare-earth doped optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein said lyotropic triangular-core (1) is made of a silica material doped with rare-earth elements such that the optical refractive index of the lyotropic triangular-core (1) is higher than the optical refractive index of the circular outer cladding (3).
6. The lyotropic triangular-core rare-earth doped optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein said lyotropic triangular inner cladding (2) is made of silica material doped with different types and concentrations of rare-earth elements, such that the optical refractive index of the lyotropic triangular inner cladding (2) is lower than the optical refractive index of the circular outer cladding (3), and the longitudinal acoustic velocity in the lyotropic triangular inner cladding (2) is lower than the longitudinal acoustic velocity in the lyotropic triangular core (1).
CN202111072141.0A 2021-09-14 2021-09-14 Rare earth doped optical fiber with Lelo triangular fiber core Pending CN113900174A (en)

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JP2003227944A (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-15 Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd Doubly clad fiber and method of manufacturing the same
CN1584644A (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-02-23 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 beam shaping optical fiber
US7130514B1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-10-31 Corning Incorporated High SBS threshold optical fiber
US20070104438A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2007-05-10 Spi Lasers Uk Limited Apparatus for providing optical radiation
US20100079854A1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2010-04-01 Fujikura Ltd. Rare-earth doped core multi-clad fiber, fiber amplifier, and fiber laser
US20150301278A1 (en) * 2014-04-16 2015-10-22 J-Plasma Gmbh Preform for an Optical Waveguide and A Fiber with Non-Circular Core
CN111751925A (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-09 华为技术有限公司 Optical fiber, preparation method thereof, optical fiber amplifier and optical fiber laser
CN112368615A (en) * 2018-07-02 2021-02-12 住友电气工业株式会社 Optical fiber

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003227944A (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-15 Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd Doubly clad fiber and method of manufacturing the same
US20070104438A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2007-05-10 Spi Lasers Uk Limited Apparatus for providing optical radiation
CN1584644A (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-02-23 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 beam shaping optical fiber
US7130514B1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-10-31 Corning Incorporated High SBS threshold optical fiber
US20100079854A1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2010-04-01 Fujikura Ltd. Rare-earth doped core multi-clad fiber, fiber amplifier, and fiber laser
US20150301278A1 (en) * 2014-04-16 2015-10-22 J-Plasma Gmbh Preform for an Optical Waveguide and A Fiber with Non-Circular Core
CN112368615A (en) * 2018-07-02 2021-02-12 住友电气工业株式会社 Optical fiber
CN111751925A (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-09 华为技术有限公司 Optical fiber, preparation method thereof, optical fiber amplifier and optical fiber laser

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