CN113899879A - Method for determining kinetic energy of broken rock under deep excavation disturbance - Google Patents

Method for determining kinetic energy of broken rock under deep excavation disturbance Download PDF

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CN113899879A
CN113899879A CN202111169449.7A CN202111169449A CN113899879A CN 113899879 A CN113899879 A CN 113899879A CN 202111169449 A CN202111169449 A CN 202111169449A CN 113899879 A CN113899879 A CN 113899879A
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rock
rock sample
loading
sample
deep excavation
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高亚楠
兰东昊
张玉栋
王云龙
高峰
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
    • G01N23/207—Diffractometry using detectors, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining kinetic energy after rock breaking under deep excavation disturbance, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a rock sample, and measuring and calculating the volume, the peak secant modulus, the Poisson ratio and the free energy of the surface of the rock sample; then placing the rock sample into a rock test system, loading the rock sample to be crushed according to a specific deep excavation disturbance stress path and corresponding specific loading parameters, recording the change conditions of three main stresses of the rock sample during loading, and finally calculating by combining the parameters, so that the kinetic energy condition of the rock sample after being crushed under the deep excavation disturbance can be obtained; the method considers the environmental conditions of the rock under the deep excavation disturbance, greatly improves the accuracy of simulating the rock crushing process under the deep excavation disturbance in a laboratory, and simultaneously ensures the characteristics of the test piece in the excavation disturbance stress state; and can satisfy different excavation face shapes, make the kinetic energy that obtains more accord with on-the-spot actual data.

Description

Method for determining kinetic energy of broken rock under deep excavation disturbance
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mechanics and engineering, in particular to a method for determining kinetic energy after rock breaking under deep excavation disturbance.
Background
The construction and design of deep underground engineering, the engineering technical problem to be solved at first is the stable control of rock mass under excavation disturbance. However, the unstable failure and disaster causing process of the rock mass is actually a process of converting elastic energy accumulated in the rock mass under excavation disturbance into dissipation energy and kinetic energy after the rock mass is broken. The method is characterized in that a rock energy instability criterion under deep excavation disturbance is constructed by combining an energy distribution rule, and then the kinetic energy after rock crushing is analyzed and calculated, and the method has important significance for researching the rock energy evolution rule under deep excavation disturbance and analyzing the behavior and rule of large deformation-discontinuous deformation of the rock.
The conventional method for calculating the kinetic energy of the broken rock mostly adopts a conventional uniaxial compressive stress path or a conventional triaxial compressive stress path to calculate the damage of the rock. The conventional single triaxial compression stress path is simple and is far from the actual mining disturbance stress path, and the rock deformation and crushing process based on the test is not the rock crushing process under the real deep excavation disturbance, so that the method based on the test cannot completely reflect the rock energy accumulation and release process under the deep excavation disturbance. If the application number is: 2016106516802 entitled rock burst fragment ejection speed prediction method based on releasable elastic strain energy discloses a determination method for obtaining the ejection speed of rock fragments after rock burst by using elastic strain energy, but the method is only limited to the situation of rock burst, and is based on the specific shape of a surrounding rock circular excavation surface for calculation, and meanwhile, the calculation process is based on a macroscopic I-shaped crack method, the I-shaped crack is an ideal and simplest crack, so the kinetic energy data obtained by calculation is only theoretical data, has a certain difference with the actual situation, needs specific conditions, and cannot meet the requirement of determining the kinetic energy after rock breaking under different shapes and different deep excavation disturbances. According to the requirements of deep underground engineering construction and design, if the energy transfer and conversion rule of the rock deformation and damage process under deep excavation disturbance can be disclosed according to the real rock cracking behavior and the macro-micro rock damage characteristics, the process of rock energy accumulation and release under deep excavation disturbance can be accurately described, the rock energy instability criterion under deep excavation disturbance can be established, and support can be provided for analysis of the large deformation-discontinuous deformation behavior and rule of the rock under later-stage deep excavation disturbance. Therefore, how to provide the kinetic energy determination method which can meet the requirements of determining the kinetic energy of the crushed rock under different excavation surface shapes and different deep excavation disturbances and the obtained kinetic energy is more in line with the actual data on site is the research direction of the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining kinetic energy after rock crushing under deep excavation disturbance, which can meet the requirements of determining the kinetic energy after rock crushing under different excavation surface shapes and different deep excavation disturbances, and the obtained kinetic energy is more in line with actual field data.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for determining kinetic energy after rock breaking under deep excavation disturbance comprises the following specific steps:
s1, selecting a rock property and making the rock property into a plurality of rock samples, wherein the volume of each rock sample is V, selecting odd rock samples to perform wave velocity test to obtain the wave velocity value of each rock sample, selecting the rock sample with the wave velocity value in the middle in each rock sample, and measuring the peak secant modulus E and the Poisson ratio mu of the sample through a conventional uniaxial compression test;
s2, obtaining the lattice constant delta of the surface of the rock sample by carrying out an X-ray diffraction test on the rock sample0Further, calculating to obtain the free energy gamma of the surface of the rock sample;
Figure BDA0003292259580000021
in the formula: sigmacIs the specimen strength;
s3, fixing the rock sample to the rockIn the test system, a loading path and loading parameters are set, the rock sample is loaded to be crushed by the loading path and the loading parameters, and a first principal stress sigma of the rock sample during loading is recorded1Second principal stress σ2And a third principal stress σ3；
S4, assuming that the elastic energy accumulated in the process of loading the rock sample to the peak value is UeThen U iseCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003292259580000022
in the formula: epsilon1Is the first principal strain, ε2Is the second principal strain, ε3Is the third principal strain;
wherein:
Figure BDA0003292259580000023
Figure BDA0003292259580000024
Figure BDA0003292259580000031
bringing formulae (2) to (4) into formula (1) to obtain:
Figure BDA0003292259580000032
s5, measuring the area A of the crushing surface of the crushed rock sample, wherein the dissipation energy in the crushing process of the sample is as follows:
Ud＝γA (6)
s6, according to the energy distribution rule, the kinetic energy of the sample after being crushed is expressed as:
E＝Ue-Ud(7) then:
Figure BDA0003292259580000033
finally, the kinetic energy of the broken rock under the deep excavation disturbance can be obtained.
Further, the rock sample is made of red sandstone. The kinetic energy of the broken rock can be better determined by adopting the rock property.
Further, the loading path in step S3 is a deep excavation disturbance stress path, and the specific loading stage and loading parameters of the path are as follows;
Figure BDA0003292259580000034
Figure BDA0003292259580000035
compared with the prior art, the method firstly prepares the rock sample, and measures and calculates to obtain the volume, the peak secant modulus, the Poisson's ratio and the free energy of the surface of the rock sample; then placing the rock sample into a rock test system, loading the rock sample to be crushed by using a specific deep excavation disturbance stress path and corresponding specific loading parameters, recording the change conditions of three main stresses of the rock sample during loading (wherein the second main stress and the third main stress can be synchronously equal, namely the confining pressure is equal, and the three main stresses can be respectively different, namely the true triaxial loading condition), and finally calculating by combining the parameters, thereby obtaining the kinetic energy condition of the rock sample after being crushed under the deep excavation disturbance; according to the deep excavation disturbance stress path and the corresponding loading parameters, the environmental conditions of rocks under deep excavation disturbance are considered, the accuracy of simulating the rock breaking process under deep excavation disturbance in a laboratory is greatly improved, and the characteristics of a test piece in an excavation disturbance stress state are guaranteed; and can satisfy different excavation face shapes, make the kinetic energy that obtains more accord with on-the-spot actual data. The method can finally realize the process of rock energy accumulation and release under deep excavation disturbance, not only can construct the rock energy instability criterion under deep excavation disturbance and study the rock energy evolution law, but also can provide data support for the analysis of the large deformation-discontinuous deformation behavior and law of the rock under later-stage deep excavation disturbance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall stress variation of the disturbance stress path in the in-situ stress stage and deep excavation according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of stress changes at different loading stages in a disturbance stress path of the deep excavation in fig. 1.
Wherein (r), (B), and (c) in fig. 1 correspond to O, A and (B) in fig. 2, respectively.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
Example 1: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, selecting red sandstone and making the red sandstone into 5 rock samples, wherein the volume of each rock sample is V, performing wave velocity test on the 5 rock samples to obtain wave velocity values of the 5 rock samples, selecting the rock sample with the wave velocity value in the middle among the 5 rock samples, and measuring the peak secant modulus E and the Poisson ratio mu of the sample through a conventional uniaxial compression test;
s2, obtaining the lattice constant delta of the surface of the rock sample by carrying out an X-ray diffraction test on the rock sample0Further, calculating to obtain the free energy gamma of the surface of the rock sample;
Figure BDA0003292259580000041
in the formula: sigmacIs the specimen strength;
s3, fixing the rock sample in the rock test system, setting a loading path and loading parameters, loading the rock sample to crushing according to the loading path and the loading parameters, and recording a first principal stress sigma of the rock sample during loading1Second principal stress σ2And third principalForce sigma3(ii) a The loading path is a deep excavation disturbance stress path, and the specific loading stage and the loading parameters of the path are as shown in the following table;
Figure BDA0003292259580000051
Figure BDA0003292259580000052
s4, assuming that the elastic energy accumulated in the process of loading the rock sample to the peak value is UeLet σ in the loading process2＝σ3(i.e. equal confining pressure) then UeCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003292259580000053
in the formula: epsilon1Is the first principal strain, ε3Is the third principal strain;
wherein:
Figure BDA0003292259580000054
Figure BDA0003292259580000055
bringing formula (2) and formula (3) into formula (1) to obtain:
Figure BDA0003292259580000056
s5, measuring the area A of the crushing surface of the crushed rock sample, wherein the dissipation energy in the crushing process of the sample is as follows:
Ud＝γA (5)
s6, according to the energy distribution rule, the kinetic energy of the sample after being crushed is expressed as:
E＝Ue-Ud (6)
then:
Figure BDA0003292259580000061
finally, the kinetic energy of the broken rock of the red sandstone under the disturbance of deep excavation can be obtained.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for determining kinetic energy after rock breaking under deep excavation disturbance is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, selecting a rock property and making the rock property into a plurality of rock samples, wherein the volume of each rock sample is V, selecting odd rock samples to perform wave velocity test to obtain the wave velocity value of each rock sample, selecting the rock sample with the wave velocity value in the middle in each rock sample, and measuring the peak secant modulus E and the Poisson ratio mu of the sample through a conventional uniaxial compression test;
s2, obtaining the lattice constant delta of the surface of the rock sample by carrying out an X-ray diffraction test on the rock sample0Further, calculating to obtain the free energy gamma of the surface of the rock sample;
Figure FDA0003292259570000011
in the formula: sigmacIs the specimen strength;
s3, fixing the rock sample in the rock test system, setting a loading path and loading parameters, loading the rock sample to crushing according to the loading path and the loading parameters, and recording a first principal stress sigma of the rock sample during loading1Second principal stress σ2Andthird principal stress σ3；
S4, assuming that the elastic energy accumulated in the process of loading the rock sample to the peak value is UeThen U iseCan be expressed as:
Figure FDA0003292259570000012
in the formula: epsilon1Is the first principal strain, ε2Is the second principal strain, ε3Is the third principal strain;
wherein:
Figure FDA0003292259570000013
Figure FDA0003292259570000014
Figure FDA0003292259570000015
bringing formulae (2) to (4) into formula (1) to obtain:
Figure FDA0003292259570000021
s5, measuring the area A of the crushing surface of the crushed rock sample, wherein the dissipation energy in the crushing process of the sample is as follows:
Ud＝γA (6)
s6, according to the energy distribution rule, the kinetic energy of the sample after being crushed is expressed as:
E＝Ue-Ud (7)
then:
Figure FDA0003292259570000022
finally, the kinetic energy of the broken rock under the deep excavation disturbance can be obtained.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the rock sample is made of red sandstone.
3. The method for determining kinetic energy of broken rocks under deep excavation disturbance according to claim 1, wherein the loading path in the step S3 is a deep excavation disturbance stress path, and the specific loading stage and loading parameters of the path are as follows;
Figure FDA0003292259570000023
Figure FDA0003292259570000024
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116973551A (en) * 2023-09-22 2023-10-31 中铁四局集团有限公司 Method and system for predicting ejection kinetic energy of rock burst rock mass

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WO1999024694A1 (en) * 1997-11-06 1999-05-20 Baggermaatschappij Boskalis B.V. Method and device for crushing rock, manipulator to be used in such a device, assembly of a housing and a wire conductor placed therein, and assembly of a housing and a means placed therein
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CN107101887A (en) * 2017-05-09 2017-08-29 东北大学 A kind of Numerical Investigation On Rock Failure method that sound emission is combined with numerical computations
CN108333048A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-27 四川大学 A kind of rock based on mining induced stress environmental simulation adopts dynamic experiment method

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Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116973551A (en) * 2023-09-22 2023-10-31 中铁四局集团有限公司 Method and system for predicting ejection kinetic energy of rock burst rock mass
CN116973551B (en) * 2023-09-22 2024-02-23 中铁四局集团有限公司 Method and system for predicting ejection kinetic energy of rock burst rock mass

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Application publication date: 20220107