CN113899053A - Natural cooling air conditioning unit and anti-freezing control method and device thereof - Google Patents
Natural cooling air conditioning unit and anti-freezing control method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113899053A CN113899053A CN202111170580.5A CN202111170580A CN113899053A CN 113899053 A CN113899053 A CN 113899053A CN 202111170580 A CN202111170580 A CN 202111170580A CN 113899053 A CN113899053 A CN 113899053A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The application relates to a natural cooling air conditioning unit anti-freezing control method, a device, computer equipment, a storage medium and a natural cooling air conditioning unit, wherein the method comprises the following steps: detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air-conditioning unit, and when the temperatures of the shell pipe, the antifreeze and the evaporation are lower than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, adjusting the adjustment stride of the water pump according to the difference value of the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe and the outlet water temperature threshold, so as to adjust the operation parameters of the water pump in the natural cooling air-conditioning unit and prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air-conditioning unit from freezing. In the whole process, the freezing risk of the natural cooling air conditioning unit is identified by monitoring the outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporating temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit, and when the three temperatures are lower than the preset temperature threshold value, the evaporation assembly can be effectively prevented from freezing by adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of intelligent control, in particular to a natural cooling air conditioning unit anti-freezing control method and device, computer equipment, storage media and a natural cooling air conditioning unit.
Background
With the progress and development of scientific technology, the demand of users for refrigeration is increasing, especially for data centers, factories and the like, the indoor heat source is constant, and the air conditioning unit is required to be cooled all year round to maintain proper temperature, which puts higher demands on the air conditioning unit. The natural cooling air conditioning unit has the advantages that the natural cooling air conditioning unit is the same as a common air conditioning unit in the case of high environment temperature, the compressor is adopted for refrigeration, the reliability of cooling is guaranteed, the secondary refrigerant is used for supplying cold to the indoor by utilizing an external cold source in the case of low environment temperature, and the mode only needs to turn on the fan and the secondary refrigerant pump, so that the energy efficiency is extremely high, and the air conditioning unit has high superiority.
How to realize effective freeze protection in the actual use process of the natural cooling air conditioning unit is a very important technical problem, the traditional natural cooling air conditioning unit freeze protection mainly solves the problem of freeze protection of an air conditioner in a shutdown state, but for the natural cooling air conditioning unit, serious freezing risks exist in the operation process.
Therefore, there is a need for an anti-freezing control method for a natural cooling air conditioning unit, which is suitable for the natural cooling air conditioning unit, to achieve effective anti-freezing control of the operation process of the natural cooling air conditioning unit.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method and an apparatus for controlling anti-freezing of a natural cooling air conditioning unit, a computer device, and a storage medium, which effectively prevent the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing during the operation process, in order to solve the technical problem that the natural cooling air conditioning unit has a serious freezing risk during the operation process.
A natural cooling air conditioning unit anti-freezing control method comprises the following steps:
detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold;
determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference value;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
In one embodiment, when the shell-and-tube outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature, and the evaporation temperature are not greater than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference between the shell-and-tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold includes:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value;
when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold;
and when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the difference between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold when the shell and tube outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature, and the evaporation temperature are not greater than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds further includes:
acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold;
when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze temperature threshold value;
when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold;
and when the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the anti-freezing control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit further includes:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold, a preset antifreeze temperature threshold and a preset evaporation temperature threshold;
and simultaneously comparing the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube with the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze temperature with the antifreeze temperature threshold value and the evaporation temperature with the preset evaporation temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, before detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit, the method further includes:
and when detecting that the natural cooling air conditioning unit is electrified and started, controlling the water pump to be started and run at the maximum power.
In one embodiment, the determining a water pump adjustment step according to the difference value includes:
acquiring a preset adjusting coefficient;
and calculating the product of the difference and the preset adjusting coefficient to obtain the water pump adjusting step.
In one embodiment, the anti-freezing control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit further includes:
acquiring the outlet water temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in a natural cooling air conditioning unit and a preset inlet water temperature lower limit threshold;
when the water outlet temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is lower than a preset water inlet temperature lower limit value, acquiring a water inlet temperature difference between the water outlet temperature and the preset water inlet temperature lower limit value;
determining the adjustment step length of the water pump according to the water inlet temperature difference;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
An anti-freezing control device for a natural cooling air conditioning unit, the device comprising:
the detection module is used for detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
the difference module is used for acquiring the difference between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and a preset outlet water temperature threshold when the shell and tube outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporation temperature are not greater than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds;
the step length determining module is used for determining the water pump adjusting step length according to the difference value;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the operating parameters of the water pump according to the adjusting step so as to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold;
determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference value;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of:
detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold;
determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference value;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
According to the anti-freezing control method, the anti-freezing control device, the computer equipment and the storage medium of the natural cooling air conditioning unit, the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe, the temperature of the anti-freezing solution and the evaporation temperature in the natural cooling air conditioning unit are detected, and when the temperatures of the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe, the temperature of the anti-freezing solution and the evaporation temperature are lower than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, the adjustment stride of the water pump is adjusted according to the difference value of the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe and the preset outlet water temperature threshold, so that the operation parameters of the water pump in the natural cooling air conditioning unit are adjusted, and the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is prevented from freezing. In the whole process, the freezing risk of the natural cooling air conditioning unit is identified by monitoring the outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporating temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit, and when the three temperatures are lower than the preset temperature threshold value, the evaporation assembly can be effectively prevented from freezing by adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump.
In addition, the application also provides a natural cooling air conditioning unit, which comprises a natural cooling air conditioning unit body and an anti-freezing control assembly, wherein the anti-freezing control assembly is arranged on the natural cooling air conditioning unit body;
the anti-freezing control assembly stores a computer program, and the steps of the anti-freezing control method of the natural cooling air conditioning unit are realized when the anti-freezing control assembly executes the computer program.
This application natural cooling air conditioning unit includes natural cooling air conditioning unit body and prevents frostbite control assembly, and the existence that control assembly prevented frostbite discerned natural cooling air conditioning unit through monitoring shell and tube temperature of water, antifreeze temperature and evaporating temperature among the natural cooling air conditioning unit freezes the risk, when above-mentioned three temperature all is less than preset temperature threshold value, through adjusting water pump operating parameter, can effectively prevent that evaporating assembly from freezing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of an anti-freeze control method for a free cooling air conditioning unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an anti-freezing control method for a free cooling air conditioning unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an anti-freeze control method for a free cooling air conditioning unit according to another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an anti-freezing control method for a natural cooling air conditioning unit according to a specific application example;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of an anti-freeze control apparatus for a free cooling air conditioning unit;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The anti-freezing control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit can be applied to the application environment shown in fig. 1. The natural cooling air conditioning unit 102 has a structure as shown in fig. 1, and specifically includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an expansion valve 3, a shell-and-tube evaporator 4, a plate heat exchanger 5, a water pump 6, and a surface air cooler 7. The controller 104 may be built in or externally installed to the natural cooling air conditioning unit 102, and the controller 104 performs anti-freeze control on the entire natural cooling air conditioning unit 102, which specifically includes the following steps: detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit; when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold; determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference value; and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step so as to prevent an evaporation assembly (a shell and tube evaporator 4) in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there is provided a free cooling air conditioning unit anti-freezing control method, which is described by taking the method as an example applied to the controller 104 in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
s200: and detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit.
As shown in fig. 1, the natural cooling air conditioning unit includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an expansion valve 3, a shell-and-tube evaporator 4, a plate heat exchanger 5, a water pump 6, and a surface air cooler 7. When the ambient temperature is lower, the natural cooling air conditioning unit adopts compressor 1 and natural cooling surface cooler 7 to jointly refrigerate, and usable natural cold source of this mode supplies cold for the user, has certain energy-conserving effect. The secondary refrigerant after passing through the surface cooler 7 exchanges heat with the environment and then enters the plate heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat with the air conditioner inlet water, then the air conditioner inlet water enters the shell-and-tube evaporator 4, and if the inlet water temperature is low, the evaporation temperature is too low, so that the shell and tube are frozen and damaged.
For the above freezing risk of the natural cooling air conditioning unit, the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit are detected, and specifically, temperature sensing assemblies (temperature sensing bulbs) can be arranged at the three corresponding positions to monitor the temperatures of the three positions in real time.
S400: and when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than the corresponding preset temperature threshold values, acquiring the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
The outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature of the shell pipe are respectively provided with thresholds which are preset outlet water temperature thresholds, preset antifreeze temperature thresholds and preset evaporation temperature thresholds, the thresholds are preset values based on historical experience, experimental modes or user requirements, the preset outlet water temperature threshold is generally the outlet water temperature preset by a user, is generally 7 ℃, and is generally adjusted within the range of 7 +/-0.5 ℃; the preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold is specifically set according to the experience of shell and tube antifreeze engineering, and is generally 5 ℃; the preset evaporating temperature threshold is set according to practical engineering experience, and is generally set to be 3 ℃.
When the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze liquid temperature is not more than the preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value, and the evaporation temperature is not more than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value is obtained.
S600: and determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference.
And determining the adjustment step of the water pump according to the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and the preset outlet water temperature threshold. Specifically, a corresponding relationship between the difference and the adjustment step of the water pump, or a function mapping relationship may be pre-constructed. When the water pump adjusting step is determined in practical application, the water pump adjusting step is determined directly according to the difference and based on the corresponding relation or the function mapping relation. Furthermore, the difference value and the water pump adjusting step are in a positive linear relation, in practical application, an adjusting coefficient between the difference value and the water pump adjusting step can be obtained according to test data, and when the water pump adjusting step needs to be determined, the difference value can be directly multiplied by the adjusting coefficient to obtain the water pump adjusting step.
S800: and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
And adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step, specifically adjusting the operation frequency of the water pump, namely adjusting the rotating speed of the water pump. In practical application, the water pump is operated at the maximum rotating speed just after being started, so that a natural cooling mode is utilized as far as possible, and the risk of freezing of the shell-and-tube evaporator is increased in this mode, therefore, when the current detected shell-and-tube outlet water temperature is not greater than a preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze liquid temperature is not greater than a preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value and the evaporation temperature is not greater than a preset evaporation temperature threshold value, the flow of the natural cooling part refrigerating medium is adjusted to control the heat exchange quantity of the natural cooling side, and the flow of the natural cooling part refrigerating medium is adjusted by adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump, so that the freezing of the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is prevented.
According to the anti-freezing control method of the natural cooling air conditioning unit, the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe, the temperature of the anti-freezing solution and the evaporation temperature in the natural cooling air conditioning unit are detected, and when the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe, the temperature of the anti-freezing solution and the evaporation temperature are lower than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, the adjustment step length of the water pump is adjusted according to the difference value of the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe and the preset outlet water temperature threshold, so that the operation parameters of the water pump in the natural cooling air conditioning unit are adjusted, and the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is prevented from freezing. In the whole process, the freezing risk of the natural cooling air conditioning unit is identified by monitoring the outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporating temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit, and when the three temperatures are lower than the preset temperature threshold value, the evaporation assembly can be effectively prevented from freezing by adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, S400 includes:
s420: acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold;
s440: when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value;
s460: when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold;
s480: and when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
As described above, the preset outlet water temperature threshold, the preset antifreeze temperature threshold and the preset evaporation temperature threshold are all preset thresholds, and the three temperatures are in a decreasing relationship. Comparing the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube with a preset outlet water temperature threshold value, if the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not greater than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, entering the next stage of antifreeze temperature comparison, and if the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is greater than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, returning to S200 to continuously maintain the states of detecting the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature in the natural cooling air conditioning unit. And during the comparison of the antifreeze liquid temperature in the second stage, if the antifreeze liquid temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold, the risk of freezing the shell and tube is indicated, the comparison of the evaporation temperature in the next stage is carried out, and if the antifreeze liquid temperature is greater than the preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold, the step is also returned to S200 to continuously detect the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze liquid temperature and the evaporation temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit. When the evaporation temperature is compared in the third stage, if the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold, it indicates that the shell and tube may have further temperature reduction, at this time, a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold needs to be obtained, so that the operation parameters of the water pump can be accurately adjusted based on the difference value in the following process, the freezing danger is avoided, and if the evaporation temperature is greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold, the operation returns to S200 to continuously maintain the states of detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit.
In one embodiment, the anti-freezing control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit further includes:
acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold; when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze temperature threshold value; when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold; and when the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In this embodiment, whether the evaporation temperature is greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold is detected first, whether the antifreeze temperature is greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold is detected, and whether the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is greater than the preset outlet water temperature threshold is detected finally.
In one embodiment, the anti-freezing control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit further includes:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold, a preset antifreeze temperature threshold and a preset evaporation temperature threshold; and simultaneously comparing the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube with the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze temperature with the antifreeze temperature threshold value and the evaporation temperature with the preset evaporation temperature threshold value.
In this embodiment, the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is compared with the preset outlet water temperature threshold, the antifreeze temperature is compared with the antifreeze temperature threshold, and the evaporation temperature is compared with the preset evaporation temperature threshold, and when the three temperatures are all lower than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds, the difference between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold is obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, before S200, the method further includes:
s100: and when detecting that the natural cooling air conditioning unit is electrified and started, controlling the water pump to be started and run at the maximum power.
The water pump has the maximum flow and the maximum heat exchange capacity in the natural cooling surface cooler when running at the maximum frequency, and can fully utilize a natural cold source in the environment. Therefore, the water pump is controlled to be started and operated at the maximum power after the natural cooling air conditioning unit is started by power-on.
In one embodiment, the determining a water pump adjustment step according to the difference value includes:
acquiring a preset adjusting coefficient; and calculating the product of the difference and the preset adjusting coefficient to obtain the water pump adjusting step.
As already mentioned above, the difference value and the adjustment step may be a positively correlated function mapping relationship, which may be specifically a linear function mapping relationship, where the adjustment factor is the preset adjustment coefficient. The preset adjusting coefficient is preset and can be obtained by measurement and calculation in an experimental state. And calculating the product of the difference and the preset adjusting coefficient according to the preset adjusting coefficient to obtain the adjusting stride of the water pump.
In one embodiment, the anti-freezing control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit further includes:
acquiring the outlet water temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in a natural cooling air conditioning unit and a preset inlet water temperature lower limit threshold; when the water outlet temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is lower than a preset water inlet temperature lower limit value, acquiring a water inlet temperature difference between the water outlet temperature and the preset water inlet temperature lower limit value; determining the adjustment step length of the water pump according to the water inlet temperature difference; and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
The plate heat exchange assembly may specifically be a plate heat exchanger, which is specifically shown in fig. 1. In this embodiment, except that detection shell and tube leaving water temperature, antifreeze temperature and evaporating temperature carry out the adjustment of water pump operating parameter, still detect plate heat exchange assembly leaving water temperature, if plate heat exchange assembly leaving water temperature is less than preset water inlet temperature lower limit value, then acquire the difference of both temperatures, obtain the difference of intaking. Similar to the adjustment process, the adjustment step is determined according to the water inlet temperature difference, and then the operation parameters of the water pump are adjusted according to the adjustment step, so that the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is prevented from freezing. It can be understood that the difference between the inlet water temperature difference and the above-mentioned difference is two different temperature differences, and the subsequent process of adjusting the operating parameters of the water pump after obtaining the two temperature differences is the same, and is not described herein again.
In order to explain the technical scheme and the effect of the anti-freezing control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit in detail, a specific application example is used for description. As shown in fig. 4, the anti-freezing control method of the whole natural cooling air conditioning unit comprises the following steps:
1. starting the natural cooling unit in a combined refrigeration mode, immediately starting a natural cooling water pump, running the natural cooling water pump according to the maximum frequency, and continuously monitoring the outlet water temperature Tout, the antifreezing temperature Td and the evaporating temperature Te of the shell and tube;
2. entering a second condition for judging when the outlet water temperature Tout of the shell and tube is monitored to be less than Tos (preset at 7 ℃) to A (preset at 0.5 ℃), and returning to continuously monitoring the temperature if the outlet water temperature Tout of the shell and tube is monitored to be less than Tos (preset at 7 ℃); at the moment, the outlet water temperature meets the requirement of 7 ℃ for the outlet water temperature set by a user;
3. when the anti-freezing temperature Td is monitored to be less than Tds (preset 5 ℃), entering a third condition, otherwise, returning to the monitoring temperature; when the anti-freezing temperature is reduced to below 5 ℃, the shell and tube are at risk of freezing;
4. when the evaporation temperature Te is detected to be less than Tes (preset 3 ℃), the frequency of the water pump is adjusted, otherwise, the monitoring temperature is returned; at the moment, the evaporation temperature is lower than the anti-freezing temperature, the outlet water temperature is likely to be further reduced, the freezing risk of the shell and tube is increased, and the frequency of the water pump needs to be adjusted;
5. calculating the water temperature difference delta T-Tout-7 Tout;
6. calculating an adjustment step length D ═ E ═ Δ T ═ 2 ═ 7-Tout, wherein E is a preset adjustment coefficient, and the value is 2;
7. the water pump adjusts the frequency according to the adjusting step D, the period is t (preset to be 10s), and the frequency is adjusted every 10 s.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in each of the flowcharts described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performing the steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.
As shown in fig. 5, the present application also provides an anti-freezing control device for a natural cooling air conditioning unit, the device including:
the detection module 200 is used for detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
a difference module 400, configured to obtain a difference between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and a preset outlet water temperature threshold when the shell and tube outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature, and the evaporation temperature are not greater than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds;
a step determining module 600, configured to determine a water pump adjustment step according to the difference;
and the adjusting module 800 is used for adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjusting step so as to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
The anti-freezing control device of the natural cooling air conditioning unit detects the outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit, and when the temperatures of the outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporation temperature of the shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit are lower than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, the adjustment stride of the water pump is adjusted according to the difference value of the outlet water temperature of the shell pipe and the preset outlet water temperature threshold, so that the operation parameters of the water pump in the natural cooling air conditioning unit are adjusted, and the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is prevented from freezing. In the whole process, the freezing risk of the natural cooling air conditioning unit is identified by monitoring the outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporating temperature of the shell and tube in the natural cooling air conditioning unit, and when the three temperatures are lower than the preset temperature threshold value, the evaporation assembly can be effectively prevented from freezing by adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump.
In one embodiment, the difference module 400 is further configured to obtain a preset outlet water temperature threshold; when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value; when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold; and when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the difference module 400 is further configured to obtain a preset evaporating temperature threshold; when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze temperature threshold value; when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold; and when the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the difference module 400 is further configured to obtain a preset outlet water temperature threshold, a preset antifreeze temperature threshold, and a preset evaporation temperature threshold; and simultaneously comparing the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube with the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze temperature with the antifreeze temperature threshold value and the evaporation temperature with the preset evaporation temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the anti-freezing control device for the natural cooling air conditioning unit further includes a starting module, configured to control the water pump to start and operate at the maximum power when the natural cooling air conditioning unit is detected to be powered on and started.
In one embodiment, the step length determining module 600 is further configured to obtain a preset adjustment coefficient; and calculating the product of the difference and the preset adjusting coefficient to obtain the water pump adjusting step.
In one embodiment, the difference module 400 is further configured to obtain an outlet water temperature of a plate heat exchange assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit and a preset inlet water temperature lower limit threshold; when the water outlet temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is lower than a preset water inlet temperature lower limit value, acquiring a water inlet temperature difference between the water outlet temperature and the preset water inlet temperature lower limit value; the step determining module 600 is further configured to determine a water pump adjustment step according to the water inlet temperature difference.
For specific examples of the antifreeze control device for the natural cooling air conditioning unit, reference may be made to the above examples of the antifreeze control method for the natural cooling air conditioning unit, and details are not repeated here. All or part of each module in the anti-freezing control device of the natural cooling air conditioning unit can be realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The modules can be embedded in a hardware form or independent from a processor in the computer device, and can also be stored in a memory in the computer device in a software form, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to the modules.
In addition, the application also provides a natural cooling air conditioning unit, which comprises a natural cooling air conditioning unit body and an anti-freezing control assembly, wherein the anti-freezing control assembly is arranged on the natural cooling air conditioning unit body;
the anti-freezing control assembly stores a computer program, and the steps of the anti-freezing control method of the natural cooling air conditioning unit are realized when the anti-freezing control assembly executes the computer program.
This application natural cooling air conditioning unit includes natural cooling air conditioning unit body and prevents frostbite control assembly, and the existence that control assembly prevented frostbite discerned natural cooling air conditioning unit through monitoring shell and tube temperature of water, antifreeze temperature and evaporating temperature among the natural cooling air conditioning unit freezes the risk, when above-mentioned three temperature all is less than preset temperature threshold value, through adjusting water pump operating parameter, can effectively prevent that evaporating assembly from freezing.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in fig. 6. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used for storing data such as preset threshold values and the like. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to realize the anti-freezing control method of the natural cooling air conditioning unit.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 6 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having a computer program stored therein, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold;
determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference value;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold; when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value; when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold; and when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold; when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze temperature threshold value; when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold; and when the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold, a preset antifreeze temperature threshold and a preset evaporation temperature threshold; and simultaneously comparing the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube with the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze temperature with the antifreeze temperature threshold value and the evaporation temperature with the preset evaporation temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
and when detecting that the natural cooling air conditioning unit is electrified and started, controlling the water pump to be started and run at the maximum power.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset adjusting coefficient; and calculating the product of the difference and the preset adjusting coefficient to obtain the water pump adjusting step.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
acquiring the outlet water temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in a natural cooling air conditioning unit and a preset inlet water temperature lower limit threshold; when the water outlet temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is lower than a preset water inlet temperature lower limit value, acquiring a water inlet temperature difference between the water outlet temperature and the preset water inlet temperature lower limit value; determining the adjustment step length of the water pump according to the water inlet temperature difference; and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold;
determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference value;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold; when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value; when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold; and when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold; when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze temperature threshold value; when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold; and when the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold, a preset antifreeze temperature threshold and a preset evaporation temperature threshold; and simultaneously comparing the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube with the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze temperature with the antifreeze temperature threshold value and the evaporation temperature with the preset evaporation temperature threshold value.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
and when detecting that the natural cooling air conditioning unit is electrified and started, controlling the water pump to be started and run at the maximum power.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
acquiring a preset adjusting coefficient; and calculating the product of the difference and the preset adjusting coefficient to obtain the water pump adjusting step.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
acquiring the outlet water temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in a natural cooling air conditioning unit and a preset inlet water temperature lower limit threshold; when the water outlet temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is lower than a preset water inlet temperature lower limit value, acquiring a water inlet temperature difference between the water outlet temperature and the preset water inlet temperature lower limit value; determining the adjustment step length of the water pump according to the water inlet temperature difference; and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile Memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash Memory, optical storage, or the like. Volatile Memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache Memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), among others.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A natural cooling air conditioning unit anti-freezing control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature are not more than corresponding preset temperature thresholds, acquiring a difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold;
determining the water pump adjusting step according to the difference value;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the difference between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and a preset outlet water temperature threshold when the shell and tube outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature, and the evaporation temperature are not greater than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds comprises:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold;
when the outlet water temperature of the shell tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze liquid temperature threshold value;
when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold;
and when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the difference between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and a preset outlet water temperature threshold when the shell and tube outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature, and the evaporation temperature are not greater than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds comprises:
acquiring a preset evaporation temperature threshold;
when the evaporation temperature is not greater than the preset evaporation temperature threshold value, acquiring a preset antifreeze temperature threshold value;
when the antifreeze temperature is not greater than the preset antifreeze temperature threshold, acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold;
and when the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube is not more than the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, acquiring the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube and the preset outlet water temperature threshold value.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring a preset outlet water temperature threshold, a preset antifreeze temperature threshold and a preset evaporation temperature threshold;
and simultaneously comparing the outlet water temperature of the shell and tube with the preset outlet water temperature threshold value, the antifreeze temperature with the antifreeze temperature threshold value and the evaporation temperature with the preset evaporation temperature threshold value.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein before detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze temperature and the evaporation temperature of the shell and tube in the free-cooling air conditioning unit, the method further comprises:
and when detecting that the natural cooling air conditioning unit is electrified and started, controlling the water pump to be started and run at the maximum power.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a water pump adjustment step based on the difference comprises:
acquiring a preset adjusting coefficient;
and calculating the product of the difference and the preset adjusting coefficient to obtain the water pump adjusting step.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring the outlet water temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in a natural cooling air conditioning unit and a preset inlet water temperature lower limit threshold;
when the water outlet temperature of a plate type heat exchange assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit is lower than a preset water inlet temperature lower limit value, acquiring a water inlet temperature difference between the water outlet temperature and the preset water inlet temperature lower limit value;
determining the adjustment step length of the water pump according to the water inlet temperature difference;
and adjusting the operation parameters of the water pump according to the adjustment step to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
8. An anti-freezing control device for a natural cooling air conditioning unit, the device comprising:
the detection module is used for detecting the outlet water temperature, the antifreeze solution temperature and the evaporation temperature of a shell pipe in the natural cooling air conditioning unit;
the difference module is used for acquiring the difference between the shell and tube outlet water temperature and a preset outlet water temperature threshold when the shell and tube outlet water temperature, the anti-freezing liquid temperature and the evaporation temperature are not greater than the corresponding preset temperature thresholds;
the step length determining module is used for determining the water pump adjusting step length according to the difference value;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the operating parameters of the water pump according to the adjusting step so as to prevent the evaporation assembly in the natural cooling air conditioning unit from freezing.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
11. A natural cooling air conditioning unit is characterized by comprising a natural cooling air conditioning unit body and an anti-freezing control assembly, wherein the anti-freezing control assembly is arranged on the natural cooling air conditioning unit body;
the antifreeze control assembly stores a computer program which, when executed, implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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