CN113898424A - Steam turbine and generator set capable of being used for achieving one-key starting function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a steam turbine and a generator set capable of realizing a one-key starting function, which comprise a steam turbine main body, wherein the steam turbine main body comprises an electric barring, a main steam quick closing valve and an emergency shutoff accelerator; the electric barring is controlled by an electric barring hydraulic operating device, the emergency breaking accelerator is controlled by an emergency breaking accelerator hanging brake hydraulic operating device, and the main steam quick closing valve is controlled by a main steam quick closing valve hydraulic operating device; the invention respectively modifies the electric barring, the emergency break throttle and the main steam quick closing valve, and provides a mechanical device level foundation for realizing the one-key starting function of the subsequent steam turbine by matching with the corresponding hydraulic operating device.

Description

Steam turbine and generator set capable of being used for achieving one-key starting function

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of turbines, relates to a turbine generator set, and particularly relates to a turbine and a generator set capable of realizing a one-key starting function.

Background

The steam turbine is a rotary heat energy power machine taking steam as a working medium, can convert heat energy of the steam into mechanical energy to drive a generator to generate electricity or drive industrial equipment to do work, and is widely applied to industries such as petrifaction, metallurgy, waste heat power generation and the like.

The steam turbine system mainly comprises a steam turbine body, a driven machine body, a steam turbine auxiliary machine system (comprising a condenser, a condensate pump, a liquid level regulating valve group and the like), a driven machine auxiliary machine system, an oil system, a drainage system, a speed regulating system, a monitoring system, a safety protection system, a control system, a boiler system and the like.

With the improvement of the automation level of life and work, the market has more vigorous demand on one-key start-stop configuration of a small-capacity industrial drive steam turbine. How to configure a steam turbine to realize remote one-key starting is a problem to be urgently solved.

The starting process of the existing steam turbine is roughly as follows: the first step is as follows: manual input barring gear on spot (need 1 ~ 2 steam turbine special labor), the second step: manual hanging of brake (need 1 turbine special labor) on spot, the third step: the main steam quick closing valve is manually opened on site (1 special work of a steam turbine is needed). The fourth step: and (5) putting the automatic speed regulator of the steam turbine until the rotating speed of the steam turbine reaches the rated rotating speed, and ending the starting of the steam turbine.

The starting process of the steam turbine needs manual local operation, the process is complicated, human resources are wasted, the process needs to be strictly executed according to the operation specification, and the possibility of misoperation exists.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a steam turbine and a generator set which can be used for realizing a one-key starting function, solve the technical problem that the steam turbine generator set in the prior art does not have the basis for realizing the one-key starting function, and provide the basis of a mechanical device level for realizing the subsequent one-key starting function.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a steam turbine capable of realizing one-key starting function comprises a steam turbine main body, wherein the steam turbine main body comprises an electric barring, a main steam quick closing valve and a critical interruption accelerator;

the electric barring is controlled by an electric barring hydraulic operating device, the emergency breaking accelerator is controlled by an emergency breaking accelerator hanging brake hydraulic operating device, and the main steam quick closing valve is controlled by a main steam quick closing valve hydraulic operating device;

the electric barring comprises an electric barring main body, a barring shell of the electric barring main body is provided with a sliding valve cavity with two open ends, a contact pushing sliding valve is installed in the sliding valve cavity and can reciprocate in the sliding valve cavity along the axial direction, and the contact pushing sliding valve drives a barring contact to reciprocate;

the sliding valve cavity is sequentially divided into a piston cavity, a spring cavity and a contact driving cavity which are coaxially and integrally communicated from outside to inside; the inner diameter of the piston cavity is larger than that of the spring cavity, and the inner diameter of the spring cavity is larger than that of the contact driving cavity;

the barring shell of the electric barring main body is also provided with a starting oil channel communicated with the spring cavity;

the contact head pushes the slide valve to be sequentially divided into a hand wheel mounting section, a piston, a connecting section and a contact head driving section which are coaxially and integrally formed from outside to inside; the outer diameter of the piston is larger than that of the contact driving section, the outer diameter of the contact driving section is larger than that of the connecting section, and the outer diameter of the connecting section is larger than that of the hand wheel mounting section;

the outer end of the piston cavity is provided with an end cover, and the hand wheel mounting section penetrates through a through hole in the end cover in a sealing manner to be connected with an external small hand wheel;

the piston is arranged in the piston cavity, the outer diameter of the piston is smaller than the inner diameter of the piston cavity, and a flow guide annular gap is formed between the piston and the piston cavity; the end cover is provided with a convex ring which extends into the piston cavity and is matched with the piston cavity, the inner end surface of the convex ring can be contacted with the outer end surface of the piston, the inner end surface of the convex ring is provided with a guide groove with two open ends along the radial direction, and the guide groove is communicated with the guide ring gap; the outer end face of the piston between the convex ring and the hand wheel mounting section is an outer working face of the piston; the inner end surface of the piston outside the connecting section is an inner working surface of the piston, and the area of the outer working surface of the piston is larger than that of the inner working surface; the starting oil is applied to the outer working surface of the piston through the guide ring gap and the guide groove to push the contact to push the slide valve to move;

the connecting section is positioned in the spring cavity, a contact reset spring is sleeved on the connecting section, the outer end of the contact reset spring is propped against the inner end face of the piston, and the inner end of the contact reset spring is propped against the end face between the spring cavity and the contact driving cavity;

the outer diameter of the contact driving section is equal to the inner diameter of the contact driving cavity, the contact driving section is installed in the contact driving cavity in a sealing fit mode, and the end portion of the contact driving section is provided with a barring contact;

the emergency break accelerator comprises a shell, wherein the axial front end of the shell is a front end surface, and the axial rear end of the shell is provided with a detachable rear end cover; the slide valve is characterized in that a slide valve capable of moving along the axial direction of the shell is arranged in the shell, the slide valve comprises a slide valve main shaft, a first convex shoulder and a second convex shoulder are further arranged on the slide valve main shaft, the head end of the slide valve main shaft extends out of the front end face, and the rear end of the slide valve main shaft extends out of the rear end cover; the head end of the sliding valve main shaft is provided with a hanging brake bayonet and a braking inclined plane, and the bottom edge of the hanging brake bayonet is connected with the head end edge of the braking inclined plane;

the shell is internally provided with a first dividing ring seat and a second dividing ring seat in sequence from front to back, a starting oil cavity is arranged between the front end surface and the first dividing ring seat, a starting oil port is formed in the starting oil cavity, a quick-closing oil cavity is formed between the first dividing ring seat and the second dividing ring seat, a quick-closing oil port is formed in the quick-closing oil cavity, a pressure oil cavity is formed between the second dividing ring seat and the rear end cover, and a pressure oil port is formed in the pressure oil cavity; a plurality of through oil return holes are formed in the first dividing ring seat along the radial direction;

the rear end cover is coaxially provided with a sleeve extending into the pressure oil cavity, the tail end of the sleeve is fixed on the rear end cover, the head end of the sleeve is open, and the main shaft of the slide valve penetrates through the sleeve; a communicating hole used for communicating with the pressure oil cavity is formed in the side wall of the sleeve close to the head end;

the first convex shoulder is matched with the first dividing ring seat to form a sealing disc between a starting oil cavity and a quick closing oil cavity, and the first convex shoulder can block the plurality of oil return holes; the second shoulder is matched with the second dividing ring seat to form a sealing disc between the quick-closing oil cavity and the pressure oil cavity, and the second shoulder can block the communicating hole;

the second convex shoulder moves in the sleeve, the second convex shoulder, the sleeve and the rear end cover form a closed spring installation cavity, a brake opening compression return spring is sleeved on a sliding valve main shaft in the spring installation cavity, one end of the brake opening compression return spring is propped against the second convex shoulder, and the other end of the brake opening compression return spring is propped against the rear end cover;

the axial front end of the shell is also provided with a hook mounting seat, a hook is rotatably mounted on the hook mounting seat through a pin shaft, and the hook is divided into three integrally formed parts, namely a hook body, a pulled head and a locking head, by taking the position of a rotating center as a dividing point; the radial upper part of the hook is a hook body which is matched with a main shaft of the steam turbine to realize the brake hanging and brake opening; the radial lower part of the hook is a tension head, one end of a hanging brake stretching reset spring is arranged on the tension head, the other end of the hanging brake stretching reset spring is arranged on the hook mounting seat, and the hanging brake stretching reset springs are distributed along the axial direction; the axial rear part of the hook is a locking head arranged along the axial direction, and when the hook and the steam turbine main shaft are in a brake hanging state, a brake hanging bayonet of the slide valve is buckled at the tail end of the locking head; when the hook is in a brake opening state between the hook and a main shaft of the steam turbine under the pushing of a emergency breaker of the steam turbine, the brake opening inclined plane of the slide valve is fed to the upper part of the tail part of the locking head to press the locking head;

the main steam quick-closing valve comprises a main steam quick-closing valve body, an oil cylinder piston rod in the main steam quick-closing valve body is driven by an oil cylinder piston in an oil cylinder, the oil cylinder piston is a cylinder with an open front end, one end of a second reset spring is installed in the oil cylinder piston, the other end of the second reset spring extends out of the front end of the oil cylinder piston and is installed at the rear end of a spring seat, the front end of the spring seat can contact and push a piston disc, an oil cylinder piston rod is installed on the piston disc, and the oil cylinder piston rod extends out of an oil cylinder front end cover of the oil cylinder and can move in the oil cylinder in a telescopic mode;

the oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder body, an oil cylinder front end cover is arranged at the front part of the oil cylinder body, an oil cylinder rear end cover is arranged at the rear end of the oil cylinder body, and a test piston is arranged at a position, close to the oil cylinder rear end cover, in the oil cylinder body; the inner wall of the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is sequentially provided with a third dividing ring seat and a fourth dividing ring seat from front to back, and the third dividing ring seat and the fourth dividing ring seat are both in sealed contact with the outer wall of the piston of the oil cylinder;

a second-speed oil closing cavity is formed between the front end cover of the oil cylinder and the third segmentation ring seat, a second-speed oil closing port is formed in the second-speed oil closing cavity, an oil return cavity is formed between the third segmentation ring seat and the fourth segmentation ring seat, and a second oil return port is formed in the oil return cavity; a second starting oil cavity is arranged between the fourth dividing ring seat and the test piston, and a second starting oil port is formed in the second starting oil cavity;

a second through hole which is communicated with the oil return cavity is formed in the side wall of the oil cylinder piston;

the front end face of the test piston is provided with a second convex ring, the second convex ring can be in contact with the rear end face of the oil cylinder piston, the rear portion of the oil cylinder piston is provided with a flow guide hole, one end of the flow guide hole is communicated with the oil cylinder piston), the other end of the flow guide hole is communicated with the rear end face of the oil cylinder piston, and the flow guide hole can be communicated with a second starting oil cavity divided by the oil cylinder piston.

The invention also has the following technical characteristics:

the hydraulic operation device of the electric barring comprises a turbine adjusting oil pipe, wherein the turbine adjusting oil pipe is connected with one end of a barring starting oil pipe, the other end of the barring starting oil pipe is connected with one oil inlet end of a barring starting oil electromagnetic valve, and one oil outlet end of the barring starting oil electromagnetic valve is communicated with an oil port of a starting oil channel; the other oil outlet end of the starting oil solenoid valve of the barring is communicated with the oil tank.

The emergency trip accelerator hanging brake hydraulic operation device comprises a turbine adjusting oil pipe, the turbine adjusting oil pipe is connected with one end of a starting oil pipe, the other end of the starting oil pipe is connected with one oil inlet end of a starting oil electromagnetic valve, one oil outlet end of the starting oil electromagnetic valve is connected with a starting oil port of the emergency trip accelerator, the other oil outlet end of the starting oil electromagnetic valve is communicated with a throttle valve, and adjusting oil passing through the throttle valve flows back to an oil tank; the turbine regulating oil pipe is also connected with one end of a pressure oil pipe, and the other end of the pressure oil pipe is connected with a pressure oil port of the emergency shutoff accelerator; the regulating oil flowing out of the oil return hole of the emergency shutoff accelerator also flows back to the oil tank through the oil return pipe; and the quick oil closing port of the emergency shutoff accelerator is communicated with a safety oil pipe of the steam turbine.

The hydraulic operating device of the main steam speed closing valve comprises a steam turbine adjusting oil pipe, the steam turbine adjusting oil pipe is connected with one end of a second starting oil pipe, the other end of the second starting oil pipe is connected with one oil inlet end of a second starting oil electromagnetic valve, one oil outlet end of the second starting oil electromagnetic valve is connected with a second starting oil port of the main steam speed closing valve), the other oil outlet end of the second starting oil electromagnetic valve is communicated with a second throttling valve, and adjusting oil passing through the throttling valve flows back to an oil tank;

the steam turbine safety oil pipe is also connected with one oil inlet end of the quick oil closing electromagnetic valve, and one oil outlet end of the quick oil closing electromagnetic valve is connected with a second speed oil closing port of the main steam quick oil closing valve; the quick-closing oil flowing out of the other oil outlet end of the quick-closing oil electromagnetic valve flows back to the oil tank;

the steam turbine safety oil pipe is also connected with one oil inlet end of the cartridge valve, and one oil outlet end of the cartridge valve is connected with a second-speed oil closing port of the main steam-speed oil closing valve; the other oil outlet end of the cartridge valve is connected with the other oil inlet end of the quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve;

and the quick-closing oil flowing out of the second oil return port of the main steam quick-closing valve flows back to the oil tank.

Preferably, the pin shaft is sleeved with an adjusting washer positioned between the hook mounting seat and the hook.

Preferably, the hanging brake stretching return spring is respectively arranged on the pulled head and the hook mounting seat through pins.

Preferably, the main shaft of the slide valve is provided with a limit groove along the axial direction, the shell is provided with a guide pin along the radial direction, and the guide pin extends into the starting oil cavity to be matched with the limit groove, so that the slide valve can only move along the axial direction.

Preferably, further preferably, the jigger starting oil solenoid valve, the starting oil solenoid valve and the second starting oil solenoid valve are two-position four-way solenoid valves, and one oil inlet is closed and does not work; the quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve also adopts a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, the rear end cover of the oil cylinder is provided with a pressure gauge connector and a test oil port.

The invention also discloses a steam turbine generator set capable of realizing the one-key starting function, which comprises a steam turbine, a speed change clutch and a generator which are sequentially connected, wherein the steam turbine adopts the steam turbine capable of realizing the one-key starting function.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the invention respectively modifies the electric barring, the emergency break throttle and the main steam quick closing valve, and provides a mechanical device level foundation for realizing the one-key starting function of the subsequent steam turbine by matching with the corresponding hydraulic operating device. After the one-key starting function is subsequently realized, the field operation maintenance/guidance personnel of the steam turbine can be reduced, the starting work of the steam turbine can be completed only by one special steam turbine worker in a control room, the labor cost is reduced, the starting and stopping logic can be optimized, the operation rule of the steam turbine is standardized, the manual misoperation is reduced, and the automation level of a user plant area can be improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slide valve and a barring contact in an electric barring.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic operating device of the electric barring gear.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a critical interruption throttle of a steam turbine in a hanging brake state.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a critical breaker throttle of a steam turbine in a hanging brake state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a critical interruption throttle of a steam turbine in an open state.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the hanging brake hydraulic operation device.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder of the main pneumatic quick closing valve.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic operating device of a main steam quick closing valve.

The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: 1-electric barring, 2-emergency shutoff accelerator, 3-main steam quick-closing valve, 4-electric barring hydraulic operation device, 5-hanging brake hydraulic operation device, 6-main steam quick-closing valve hydraulic operation device, 7-turbine main shaft, 8-turbine safety oil pipe, 9-turbine regulating oil pipe, 10-oil tank and 11-pressure transmitter;

101-turning shell, 102-sliding valve cavity, 103-contact pushing sliding valve, 104-turning contact, 105-starting oil channel, 106-end cover, 107-small hand wheel, 108-guide ring gap, 109-convex ring, 110-guide groove, 111-outer working face, 112-inner working face, and 113-reset spring;

10201-piston cavity, 10202-spring cavity, 10203-contact driving cavity;

10301-hand wheel mounting section, 10302-piston, 10303-connecting section, 10304-contact driving section;

201-shell, 202-front end face, 203-rear end cover, 204-slide valve, 205-first dividing ring seat, 206-second dividing ring seat, 207-starting oil cavity, 208-starting oil port, 209-speed oil closing cavity, 210-speed oil closing port, 211-pressure oil cavity, 212-pressure oil port, 213-oil return hole, 214-braking compression return spring, 215-hook mounting seat, 216-hook, 217-hanging brake tension return spring, 218-adjusting washer, 219-pin, 220-pin shaft, 221-sleeve, 222-communication hole, 223-spring mounting cavity,

20401-main shaft of slide valve, 20402-hanging brake bayonet, 20403-first shoulder, 20404-second shoulder, 20405-limit groove, 20406-guide pin and 20407-braking inclined plane;

21601-hook body, 21602-receiving head, 21603-locking head;

301-main steam-speed valve closing main body, 302-cylinder piston rod, 303-cylinder piston, 304-cylinder, 305-second return spring, 306-spring seat, 307-piston disc, 308-second-speed oil closing cavity, 309-second-speed oil closing hole, 310-oil return cavity, 311-second oil return hole, 312-second starting oil cavity, 313-second starting oil hole, 314-second communication hole and 315-diversion hole;

30401-cylinder body, 30402-front end cover, 30403-rear end cover, 30405-third dividing ring seat, 30406-fourth dividing ring seat, 30407-second convex ring, 30408-pressure meter interface, 30409-test oil port;

401-turning starting oil pipe, 402-turning starting oil electromagnetic valve;

501-starting oil pipe, 502-starting oil electromagnetic valve, 503-throttle valve, 504-pressure oil pipe and 505-oil return pipe;

601-a second starting oil pipe, 602-a second starting oil electromagnetic valve, 603-a second throttle valve, 604-a speed oil closing electromagnetic valve and 605-a cartridge valve.

The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.

Detailed Description

It is to be noted that all the devices in the present invention are those known in the art, unless otherwise specified.

Through the analysis of the whole starting process of the steam turbine recorded in the background art, if the steam turbine needs to have a one-key starting function, the following configuration is required to be executed: the structure design of the turning gear, the emergency break throttle and the main steam quick-closing valve of the steam turbine body is a remote automatic input function, and a sensor is configured at a judgment point needing artificial observation, so that the whole steam turbine has a remote one-key starting function.

The starting process of the steam turbine comprises the steps of turning into a barring, mechanically hanging a brake and opening a main steam quick closing valve in sequence.

The electric barring gear 1 is used for driving the rotor to rotate at a low speed so as to uniformly heat the rotor when a unit is started, or driving the rotor to rotate after the unit is stopped, so that the rotor is uniformly cooled, and the possibility of deformation of the rotor is reduced.

The critical interruption accelerator 2 is a mechanical-hydraulic type protection device of the steam turbine, when the steam turbine has overspeed faults in the operation process, the critical interruption accelerator 2 can quickly discharge quick closing oil, so that a quick closing valve and an adjusting steam valve are quickly closed, a unit is emergently stopped, and the safety of the steam turbine equipment is protected.

The main steam quick closing valve 3 is also called a main steam valve, is a main closing mechanism between a main steam pipeline and a steam turbine, and can immediately cut off steam inlet of the steam turbine in an emergency state so as to quickly stop a unit.

In the present invention, the electric barring body of the electric barring 1 and the main steam speed closing valve body of the main steam speed closing valve 3 both adopt an electric barring body and a main steam speed closing valve body known in the art.

The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an electric barring 1 includes an electric barring main body, a barring housing 101 of the electric barring main body is provided with a sliding valve cavity 102 with two open ends, a contact pushing sliding valve 103 is installed in the sliding valve cavity 102, the contact pushing sliding valve 103 can reciprocate in the sliding valve cavity 102 along an axial direction, and the contact pushing sliding valve 103 drives a barring contact 104 to reciprocate;

the sliding valve cavity 102 is sequentially divided into a piston cavity 10201, a spring cavity 10202 and a contact driving cavity 10203 which are coaxially and integrally communicated from outside to inside; the inner diameter of the piston cavity 10201 is larger than that of the spring cavity 10202, and the inner diameter of the spring cavity 10202 is larger than that of the contact driving cavity 10203;

the barring housing 101 of the electric barring main body is further provided with a starting oil passage 105 communicated with the spring cavity 10202;

the contact-pushing slide valve 103 is sequentially divided into a hand wheel mounting section 10301, a piston 10302, a connecting section 10303 and a contact driving section 10304 which are coaxially and integrally formed from outside to inside; the outer diameter of the piston 10302 is greater than the outer diameter of the contact driver section 10304, the outer diameter of the contact driver section 10304 is greater than the outer diameter of the connecting section 10303, and the outer diameter of the connecting section 10303 is greater than the outer diameter of the hand wheel mounting section 10301;

an end cover 106 is arranged at the outer end of the piston cavity 10201, and a hand wheel mounting section 10301 penetrates through a through hole in the end cover 106 in a sealing manner to be connected with an external small hand wheel 107;

the piston 10302 is arranged in the piston cavity 10201, the outer diameter of the piston 10302 is smaller than the inner diameter of the piston cavity 10201, and a flow guide annular gap 108 is formed between the piston 10302 and the piston cavity 10201; the end cover 106 is provided with a convex ring 109 which extends into the piston cavity 10201 and is matched with the piston cavity 10201, the inner end surface of the convex ring 109 can be contacted with the outer end surface of the piston 10302, the inner end surface of the convex ring 109 is radially provided with a diversion trench 110 with two open ends, and the diversion trench 110 is communicated with a diversion ring gap 108; the outer end surface of the piston between the convex ring 109 and the hand wheel mounting section 10301 is an outer working surface 111 of the piston 10302; the inner end surface of the piston outside the connecting section 10303 is the inner working surface 112 of the piston 10302, and the area of the outer working surface 111 of the piston 10302 is larger than that of the inner working surface 112; the starting oil is applied to the outer working surface 111 of the piston 10302 through the guide ring gap 108 and the guide groove 110 to push the contact to push the slide valve 103 to move;

the connecting section 10303 is positioned in the spring cavity 10202, the connecting section 10303 is sleeved with a contact return spring 113, the outer end of the contact return spring 113 abuts against the inner end face of the piston 10302, and the inner end of the contact return spring 113 abuts against the end face between the spring cavity 10202 and the contact driving cavity 10203;

the outer diameter of the contact driving section 10304 is equal to the inner diameter of the contact driving cavity 10203, the contact driving section 10304 is arranged in the contact driving cavity 10203 in a sealing fit mode, and the end portion of the contact driving section 10304 is provided with the turning contact 104;

a proximity switch is arranged in the electric barring main body, the transmission gear is far away from the proximity switch when the barring is disengaged, and no current passes through the proximity switch at the moment. When the jigger is meshed, the transmission gear gradually approaches to the proximity switch (the transmission gear cannot bump the proximity switch due to the protection of a shaft shoulder on the worm wheel shaft), and when the gap between the transmission gear and the proximity switch is smaller than 5mm, current passes through the proximity switch.

A mechanical travel switch is arranged in the electric barring main body, and a barring hand wheel is only used for manual barring in an accident state. Suspension is guaranteed at ordinary times.

The low pressure turbine oil line is provided with a pressure transmitter.

The turbine is provided with a rotational speed sensor.

Example 2:

the embodiment provides an electric barring hydraulic operating device, which comprises a turbine regulating oil pipe 9, wherein the turbine regulating oil pipe 9 is connected with one end of a barring starting oil pipe 401, the other end of the barring starting oil pipe 401 is connected with one oil inlet end of a barring starting oil electromagnetic valve 402, and one oil outlet end of the barring starting oil electromagnetic valve 402 is communicated with an oil port of a starting oil channel 105, as shown in fig. 2; the other oil outlet end of the barring oil solenoid valve 402 is in communication with the oil tank 10.

Preferably, the barring starting oil solenoid valve 402 is a two-position four-way solenoid valve, wherein one oil inlet is closed and does not work.

Preferably, a pressure transmitter 11 is also provided on the barring starting oil pipe 401.

When the barring starting oil solenoid valve 402 is switched on, the barring starting oil pipe is switched on, and the barring starting oil solenoid valve is combined with the running motor to transmit the barring transmission gear to the barring running position for barring.

The operation of the electric barring gear 1 of the present invention in use is as follows.

Step a, before the turning gear is put into the turning gear, judging whether the lubricating oil pressure is normal or not, wherein the lubricating oil pressure is greater than 0.2MPaG, ensuring that the front bearing, the rear bearing and the turning gear bearing of the steam turbine have sufficient lubricating oil supply, and ensuring that the regulating oil pressure is greater than 0.85MpaG and the regulating oil pressure of the steam turbine is normal.

And b, before the rotor is put into the barring gear, the rotating speed of the rotor is guaranteed to be zero.

And c, confirming that the turning hand wheel is hung up and the mechanical switch is closed.

And d, after the three conditions are judged to be met, powering on the barring motor through low-voltage electric control.

And e, simultaneously switching on the starting oil solenoid valve 402 of the turning gear, and switching off after keeping the power on for 10 s.

And f, if the proximity switch still has no signal or the rotating speed is still zero after the turning starting oil electromagnetic valve 402 is electrified for 10s, the turning motor is powered off, and the step d is executed again until the turning is normal (the proximity switch should have a signal, and the rotating speed starts to rise to 12.4 rpm).

Example 3:

the embodiment provides a critical breaking throttle of a steam turbine, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, comprising a casing 201, wherein the axial front end of the casing 201 is a front end surface 202, and the axial rear end of the casing 201 is provided with a detachable rear end cover 203; a slide valve 204 capable of moving axially along the housing 201 is installed in the housing 201, the slide valve 204 comprises a slide valve main shaft 20401, the slide valve main shaft 20401 is further provided with a first shoulder 20403 and a second shoulder 20404, the head end of the slide valve main shaft 20401 extends out of the front end face 202, and the rear end of the slide valve main shaft 20401 extends out of the rear end cover 203; a gate hanging bayonet 20402 and a gate opening inclined plane 20407 are formed at the head end of the sliding valve main shaft 20401, and the bottom edge of the gate hanging bayonet 20402 is connected with the head end edge of the gate opening inclined plane 20407;

a first dividing ring seat 205 and a second dividing ring seat 206 are sequentially arranged in the shell 201 from front to back, a starting oil cavity 207 is formed between the front end face 202 and the first dividing ring seat 205, a starting oil port 208 is formed in the starting oil cavity 207, a quick closing oil cavity 209 is formed between the first dividing ring seat 205 and the second dividing ring seat 206, a quick closing oil port 210 is formed in the quick closing oil cavity 209, a pressure oil cavity 211 is formed between the second dividing ring seat 206 and the rear end cover 203, and a pressure oil port 212 is formed in the pressure oil cavity 211; a plurality of oil return holes 213 are radially arranged on the first dividing ring seat 205;

a sleeve 221 extending into the pressure oil chamber 211 is coaxially arranged on the rear end cover 203, the tail end of the sleeve 221 is fixed on the rear end cover 203, the head end of the sleeve 221 is opened, and a slide valve main shaft 20401 penetrates through the sleeve 221; a communication hole 222 for communicating 212 with the pressure oil chamber 211 is formed in the side wall of the sleeve 221 near the head end;

the first shoulder 20403 and the first dividing ring seat 205 are matched to form a sealing disc between the starting oil chamber 207 and the quick-closing oil chamber 209, and the first shoulder 20403 can block the plurality of oil return holes 213; the second shoulder 20404 and the second split ring seat 206 cooperate to form a seal disk between the quick-closing oil chamber 209 and the pressure oil chamber 211, and the second shoulder 20404 blocks the communication hole 222;

the second shoulder 20404 moves in the sleeve 221, the second shoulder 20404, the sleeve 221 and the rear end cover 203 form a closed spring installation cavity 223, a main shaft 20401 of the sliding valve in the spring installation cavity 223 is sleeved with a braking compression return spring 214, one end of the braking compression return spring 214 abuts against the second shoulder 20404, and the other end of the braking compression return spring 214 abuts against the rear end cover 203;

the axial front end of the shell 201 is also provided with a hook mounting seat 215, a hook 216 is rotatably mounted on the hook mounting seat 215 through a pin shaft 220, the hook 216 is divided into three parts which are integrally formed by taking the position of a rotation center as a dividing point, namely a hook body 21601, a tension head 21602 and a locking head 21603; the radial upper part of the hook 216 is a hook body 21601 which is matched with the steam turbine main shaft 7 to realize the hanging brake and the opening brake; the radial lower part of the hook 216 is provided with a tension head 21602, one end of a hanging brake stretching reset spring 217 is arranged on the tension head 21602, the other end of the hanging brake stretching reset spring 217 is arranged on the hook mounting seat 215, and the hanging brake stretching reset spring 217 is arranged along the axial direction; the axial rear part of the hook 216 is a locking head 21603 arranged along the axial direction, and when the hook 216 and the steam turbine spindle 7 are in a brake hanging state, a brake hanging bayonet 20402 of the slide valve 204 is buckled at the tail end of the locking head 21603; when the hook 216 is in a brake opening state between the hook and the steam turbine main shaft 7 under the pushing of the emergency breaker of the steam turbine, the brake opening inclined surface 20407 of the sliding valve 204 is fed to the upper part of the tail part of the locking head 21603 to press the locking head 21603.

In this embodiment, the number of the oil return holes 213 is four, and the aperture of the oil return hole 213 is 10 mm.

In this embodiment, the rear end cap 203 is bolted to the rear end of the housing 201.

As a preferable solution of this embodiment, the pin 220 is sleeved with an adjusting washer 218 between the hook mounting seat 215 and the hook 216.

As a preferred option of this embodiment, the brake extension return spring 217 is mounted to the tension head 21602 and the hook mount 215, respectively, by a pin 219.

As a preferable scheme of the present embodiment, the main shaft 20401 of the sliding valve is provided with a limit groove 20405 along the axial direction, the housing 201 is provided with a guide pin 20406 along the radial direction, and the guide pin 20406 extends into the oil starting chamber 207 to be matched with the limit groove 20405, so that the sliding valve 204 can only move along the axial direction.

Example 4:

the embodiment provides a hanging brake hydraulic operation device of a critical interruption accelerator of a steam turbine, as shown in fig. 6, the hanging brake hydraulic operation device comprises a steam turbine regulating oil pipe 9, the steam turbine regulating oil pipe 9 is connected with one end of a starting oil pipe 501, the other end of the starting oil pipe 501 is connected with one oil inlet end of a starting oil electromagnetic valve 502, one oil outlet end of the starting oil electromagnetic valve 502 is connected with a starting oil port 208 of the critical interruption accelerator 2, the other oil outlet end of the starting oil electromagnetic valve 502 is communicated with a throttle valve 503, and regulating oil passing through the throttle valve 503 flows back to an oil tank 10; the turbine regulating oil pipe 9 is also connected with one end of a pressure oil pipe 504, and the other end of the pressure oil pipe 504 is connected with a pressure oil port 212 of the emergency shutoff accelerator 2; the regulated oil flowing out from the oil return hole 213 of the emergency shutoff accelerator 2 also flows back to the oil tank 10 through the oil return pipe 505; the quick oil closing port 210 of the emergency shutoff accelerator 2 is communicated with the turbine safety oil pipe 8.

As a preferable mode of the present embodiment, the critical shutoff accelerator 2 is the critical shutoff accelerator of the steam turbine in embodiment 1.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the starting oil solenoid valve 502 is a two-position four-way solenoid valve, and one of the oil inlets is closed and does not work. When the turbine is in operation and shutdown, the starting oil solenoid valve 502 is in a position where the adjusting oil path and the return oil path are connected, and the adjusting oil cannot be established. When the remote start needs to be carried out and the brake is hung, the starting oil electromagnetic valve 502 is electrified, and then the high-pressure regulating oil is output to the starting oil port 208 of the emergency shut-off accelerator 2 through the starting oil electromagnetic valve 502 to be automatically hooked. After the brake is hung, the starting oil solenoid valve 502 loses power, and the starting oil pressure is discharged.

Preferably, the quick-break oil gate 210 of the emergency-break accelerator 2 is further provided with a pressure transmitter 11.

When the emergency shutoff accelerator of the steam turbine is used, the emergency shutoff accelerator 2 is arranged on a bracket in a front bearing seat of the steam turbine, when the emergency shutoff accelerator 2 is in a brake opening state as shown in fig. 5 and a remote automatic brake hanging function is required to be realized, through a remote control starting oil electromagnetic valve 502, the regulating oil in a steam turbine regulating oil pipe 9 enters a starting oil cavity 207 from a starting oil port 208 (namely a PQ2 port) through a starting oil pipe 501 and the starting oil electromagnetic valve 502, meanwhile, the regulating oil in the steam turbine regulating oil pipe 9 also enters a pressure oil cavity 211 from a pressure oil port 212 (namely a P port) through a pressure oil pipe 504, the pressure oil cavity 211 is communicated with a quick shutoff oil cavity 209, and the regulating oil in the quick shutoff oil cavity 209 flows back into an oil tank 10 through an oil return hole 213. As the oil pressure in the starting oil chamber 207 acts on the first shoulder 20403 of the spool 204 to form a force F, the spool 204 is moved to the right against the spring force F of the opening compression return spring 214 until the tail end of the locking head 21603 of the hook 216 is caught by the hook catch 20402 at the head end of the spool 204 under the action of the contraction force of the hook extension return spring 217, and the hook body 21601 of the hook 216 is caught by the turbine main shaft 7, as shown in fig. 3.

Meanwhile, the first shoulder 20403 is matched with the first dividing ring seat 205 to form a sealing disc between the starting oil cavity 207 and the quick closing oil cavity 209, the first shoulder 20403 blocks the plurality of oil return holes 213, a passage between the oil return holes 213 and the oil tank 10 is cut off, and the regulating oil in the pressure oil cavity 211 enters the quick closing oil cavity 209 and then enters the turbine safety oil pipe 8 through the quick closing oil port 210 (i.e., a port P2), so that the safety oil in the turbine safety oil pipe 8 is established, and remote brake hanging is completed.

After the brake is hung, the regulated oil in the starting oil chamber 207 flows back to the oil tank 10 through the starting oil electromagnetic valve 502 and the throttle 503, the pressure in the starting oil chamber 207 is relieved, and the emergency shutoff accelerator 2 is always in the brake hanging state as shown in fig. 3. When the rotating speed of the steam turbine main shaft 7 rises to exceed the set rotating speed, the emergency breaker on the steam turbine main shaft 7 extends out under the action of centrifugal force, the hook body 21601 of the hook 216 is pushed, so that the whole hook 216 rotates by taking the pin shaft 220 as a rotating shaft, the locking head 21603 turns downwards along with the rotation, slips from the locking notch 20402 on the sliding valve 204 and slides onto the opening inclined plane 20407, at this time, due to the elimination of the acting force between the hook 216 and the sliding valve 204, the compressed opening compression return spring 214 releases the spring force, the sliding valve 204 is pushed to slide leftwards, and the opening inclined plane 20407 enables the locking head 21603 to continue to turn downwards until the hook body 21601 is completely separated from the steam turbine main shaft 7, as shown in fig. 5.

Meanwhile, the second shoulder 20404 and the second split ring seat 206 cooperate to form a sealing disk between the quick-closing oil chamber 209 and the pressure oil chamber 211, and the second shoulder 20404 blocks the communication hole 222; the oil path between the pressure oil cavity 211 and the turbine regulating oil pipe 9 is cut off, the oil return hole 213 is opened again, the regulating oil in the fast oil closing cavity 209 returns to the oil tank 10 again through the oil return hole 213, the fast oil closing cavity 209 is decompressed, the safety oil in the turbine safety oil pipe 8 is removed, the turbine is shut down rapidly, the safety of the turbine is guaranteed, and the brake opening is completed.

Example 5:

the embodiment provides a main steam-speed closing valve, as shown in fig. 7, which includes a main steam-speed closing valve main body 301, a cylinder piston rod 302 in the main steam-speed closing valve main body 301 is driven by a cylinder piston 303 in a cylinder 304, the cylinder piston 303 is a cylinder with an open front end, one end of a second return spring 305 is installed in the cylinder piston 303, the other end of the second return spring 305 extends out of the front end of the cylinder piston 303 and is installed on the rear end of a spring seat 306, the front end of the spring seat 306 can contact and push a piston disc 307, the cylinder piston rod 302 is installed on the piston disc 307, and the cylinder piston rod 302 extends out of a cylinder front end cover 30402 of the cylinder 304 and can move in the cylinder 304 in an extending and contracting manner;

the oil cylinder 304 comprises an oil cylinder body 30401, an oil cylinder front end cover 30402 is arranged at the front part of the oil cylinder body 30401, an oil cylinder rear end cover 30403 is arranged at the rear end of the oil cylinder body 30401, and a test piston 30404 is arranged in the oil cylinder body 30401 at a position close to the oil cylinder rear end cover 30403; a third division ring seat 30405 and a fourth division ring seat 30406 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the oil cylinder body 30401 from front to back, and the third division ring seat 30405 and the fourth division ring seat 30406 are in sealing contact with the outer wall of the oil cylinder piston 303;

a second-speed oil-shutting cavity 308 is arranged between the oil cylinder front end cover 30402 and the third dividing ring seat 30405, a second-speed oil-shutting hole 309 is formed in the second-speed oil-shutting cavity 308, an oil-returning oil cavity 310 is arranged between the third dividing ring seat 30405 and the fourth dividing ring seat 30406, and a second oil-returning hole 311 is formed in the oil-returning oil cavity 310; a second starting oil cavity 312 is arranged between the fourth dividing ring seat 30406 and the test piston 30404, and a second starting oil port 313 is formed on the second starting oil cavity 312;

a second through hole 314 is formed in the side wall of the oil cylinder piston 303, and the second through hole 314 can be communicated with the oil return cavity 310;

a second convex ring 30407 is arranged on the front end face of the test piston 30404, the second convex ring 30407 can contact with the rear end face of the cylinder piston 303, a flow guide hole 315 is formed in the rear portion of the cylinder piston 303, one end of the flow guide hole 315 is communicated with the side wall of the cylinder piston 303, the other end of the flow guide hole is communicated with the rear end face of the cylinder piston 303, and the flow guide hole 315 can conduct a second starting oil cavity 312 divided by the cylinder piston 303.

Preferably, a pressure gauge interface 30408 and a test oil port 30409 are arranged on the oil cylinder rear end cover 30403.

Example 6:

the embodiment provides a hydraulic operating device for a main steam speed closing valve, as shown in fig. 8, which includes a turbine adjusting oil pipe 9, the turbine adjusting oil pipe 9 is connected to one end of a second starting oil pipe 601, the other end of the second starting oil pipe 601 is connected to one oil inlet end of a second starting oil solenoid valve 602, one oil outlet end of the second starting oil solenoid valve 602 is connected to a second starting oil port 313 of the main steam speed closing valve 3, the other oil outlet end of the second starting oil solenoid valve 602 is connected to a second throttle valve 603, and adjusting oil passing through the throttle valve 603 flows back to an oil tank 10;

the turbine safety oil pipe 8 is also connected with one oil inlet end of a quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve 604, and one oil outlet end of the quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve 604 is connected with a second speed oil-closing port 309 of the main steam quick oil-closing valve 3; the quick-closing oil flowing out from the other oil outlet end of the quick-closing oil electromagnetic valve 604 flows back to the oil tank 10;

the steam turbine safety oil pipe 8 is also connected with one oil inlet end of the cartridge valve 605, and one oil outlet end of the cartridge valve 605 is connected with the second speed oil closing port 309 of the main steam speed closing valve 3; the other oil outlet end of the cartridge valve 605 is connected with the other oil inlet end of the quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve 604;

the quick-closing oil flowing out of the second oil return port 311 of the main quick-closing valve 3 is returned to the oil tank 10.

Preferably, the second starting oil solenoid valves 602 are two-position four-way solenoid valves, and one oil inlet is closed and does not work; the fast-closing oil solenoid valve 604 also employs a two-position four-way solenoid valve.

Preferably, the second hydraulic port 309 and the second hydraulic port 313 of the main steam-speed closing valve 3 are further provided with a pressure transmitter 11, respectively.

The main throttle valve 3 of the present invention is hydraulically controlled in use, and the opening process is operated by the main throttle hydraulic operation device 6.

The quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve 604 is electrified, the second quick oil-closing port 309 is communicated with return oil, the second starting oil electromagnetic valve 602 is electrified, high-pressure regulating oil is led to the second starting oil cavity 312 from the second starting oil port 313 through the second starting oil electromagnetic valve 602 and enters the second starting oil cavity 312 between the oil cylinder piston 303 and the test piston 30404 through the second communication hole 314, the oil cylinder piston 303 is pressed towards the front piston disc 307, and when the value of the pressure transmitter 11 in the main steam-closing valve hydraulic operation device 6 is detected to be higher than 0.85Mpa, the starting oil pressure is established.

Then, the fast oil-closing solenoid valve 604 is switched from the power-on state to the power-off state, the high-pressure adjusting oil path is communicated with the second-speed oil-closing port 309, and the fast oil-closing is led into the second-speed oil-closing chamber 308 from the second-speed oil-closing port 309. After detecting that the value of the pressure transmitter 11 in the main quick closing valve hydraulic operation device 6 is no longer zero, the second starting oil solenoid valve 602 is de-energized to connect the starting oil and the return oil, the starting oil returns to the oil tank 10 through the second throttle valve 603, the starting oil pressure is reduced to 0, and the main quick closing valve 3 is opened.

If the main steam speed closing valve 3 needs to be closed, the speed oil closing electromagnetic valve 604 is electrified, and the second speed oil closing port 309 is communicated with oil return, so that the pressure in the speed oil closing way is rapidly reduced. The spring force is greater than the oil pressure, so that the piston disc 307, the valve stem and the valve disc are rapidly pushed to the closed position, and a residual part of the quick-closing oil in the cylinder piston 303 is returned to the oil tank 10 through the second communication hole 314, the return oil chamber 310 and the second return port 311.

Example 7:

the embodiment provides a steam turbine capable of realizing a one-key starting function, which comprises a steam turbine main body, wherein the steam turbine main body comprises an electric barring 1, a main steam quick closing valve 3 and a critical interruption throttle 2;

the electric barring 1 is controlled by an electric barring hydraulic operating device 4, the emergency breaking accelerator 2 is controlled by an emergency breaking accelerator hanging brake hydraulic operating device 5, and the main steam quick closing valve 3 is controlled by a main steam quick closing valve hydraulic operating device 6;

the electric barring apparatus 1 employs the electric barring apparatus of embodiment 1.

The critical obstruction throttle 2 used in example 3 was used.

The main quick steam closing valve 3 adopts the main quick steam closing valve in the embodiment 5.

The electric barring hydraulic operation device 4 employs the electric barring hydraulic operation device in embodiment 2.

The emergency break accelerator hooking hydraulic operation device 5 in embodiment 4 is used.

The main throttle hydraulic operation device 6 adopts the main throttle hydraulic operation device in embodiment 6.

Example 8:

this embodiment provides a can be used for realizing steam turbine generating set of one key start function, including consecutive steam turbine, speed change clutch and generator, the steam turbine adopts the steam turbine that can be used for realizing one key start function in embodiment 7.

Claims (10)

1. A steam turbine capable of realizing one-key starting function comprises a steam turbine main body and is characterized in that the steam turbine main body comprises an electric barring gear (1), a main steam quick closing valve (3) and a critical interruption throttle (2);

the electric barring gear (1) is controlled by an electric barring gear hydraulic operating device (4), the emergency breaking accelerator (2) is controlled by an emergency breaking accelerator hanging brake hydraulic operating device (5), and the main steam quick closing valve (3) is controlled by a main steam quick closing valve hydraulic operating device (6);

the electric barring (1) comprises an electric barring main body, a barring shell (101) of the electric barring main body is provided with a sliding valve cavity (102) with two open ends, a contact pushing sliding valve (103) is installed in the sliding valve cavity (102), the contact pushing sliding valve (103) can axially reciprocate in the sliding valve cavity (102), and the contact pushing sliding valve (103) drives a barring contact (104) to reciprocate;

the sliding valve cavity (102) is sequentially divided into a piston cavity (10201), a spring cavity (10202) and a contact driving cavity (10203) which are coaxially and integrally communicated from outside to inside; the inner diameter of the piston cavity (10201) is larger than that of the spring cavity (10202), and the inner diameter of the spring cavity (10202) is larger than that of the contact driving cavity (10203);

the barring shell (101) of the electric barring main body is also provided with a starting oil channel (105) communicated with the spring cavity (10202);

the contact head pushing slide valve (103) is sequentially divided into a hand wheel mounting section (10301), a piston (10302), a connecting section (10303) and a contact head driving section (10304) which are coaxially and integrally formed from outside to inside; the outer diameter of the piston (10302) is larger than that of the contact driving section (10304), the outer diameter of the contact driving section (10304) is larger than that of the connecting section (10303), and the outer diameter of the connecting section (10303) is larger than that of the hand wheel mounting section (10301);

an end cover (106) is arranged at the outer end of the piston cavity (10201), and the hand wheel mounting section (10301) penetrates through a through hole in the end cover (106) in a sealing manner to be connected with an external small hand wheel (107);

the piston (10302) is arranged in the piston cavity (10201), the outer diameter of the piston (10302) is smaller than the inner diameter of the piston cavity (10201), and a flow guide annular gap (108) is formed between the piston (10302) and the piston cavity (10201); the end cover (106) is provided with a convex ring (109) which extends into the piston cavity (10201) and is matched with the piston cavity (10201), the inner end face of the convex ring (109) can be contacted with the outer end face of the piston (10302), the inner end face of the convex ring (109) is provided with a diversion trench (110) with two open ends along the radial direction, and the diversion trench (110) is communicated with a diversion annular gap (108); the outer end surface of the piston between the convex ring (109) and the hand wheel mounting section (10301) is an outer working surface (111) of the piston (10302); the inner end surface of the piston outside the connecting section (10303) is an inner working surface (112) of the piston (10302), and the area of the outer working surface (111) of the piston (10302) is larger than that of the inner working surface (112); the starting oil is applied to an outer working surface (111) of the piston (10302) through a guide ring gap (108) and a guide groove (110) to push a contact to push the slide valve (103) to move;

the connecting section (10303) is positioned in the spring cavity (10202), the connecting section (10303) is sleeved with a contact return spring (113), the outer end of the contact return spring (113) is propped against the inner end face of the piston (10302), and the inner end of the contact return spring (113) is propped against the end face between the spring cavity (10202) and the contact driving cavity (10203);

the outer diameter of the contact driving section (10304) is equal to the inner diameter of the contact driving cavity (10203), the contact driving section (10304) is installed in the contact driving cavity (10203) in a sealing fit mode, and the end portion of the contact driving section (10304) is provided with a turning contact (104);

the emergency break throttle (2) comprises a shell (201), the axial front end of the shell (201) is a front end surface (202), and the axial rear end of the shell (201) is provided with a detachable rear end cover (203); the slide valve is characterized in that a slide valve (204) capable of moving along the axial direction of the shell (201) is installed in the shell (201), the slide valve (204) comprises a slide valve main shaft (20401), a first shoulder (20403) and a second shoulder (20404) are further arranged on the slide valve main shaft (20401), the head end of the slide valve main shaft (20401) extends out of the front end face (202), and the rear end of the slide valve main shaft (20401) extends out of the rear end cover (203); the head end of the sliding valve main shaft (20401) is provided with a hanging gate bayonet (20402) and a gate opening inclined plane (20407), and the bottom edge of the hanging gate bayonet (20402) is connected with the head end edge of the gate opening inclined plane (20407);

a first dividing ring seat (205) and a second dividing ring seat (206) are sequentially arranged in the shell (201) from front to back, a starting oil cavity (207) is formed between the front end face (202) and the first dividing ring seat (205), a starting oil port (208) is formed in the starting oil cavity (207), a quick closing oil cavity (209) is formed between the first dividing ring seat (205) and the second dividing ring seat (206), a quick closing oil port (210) is formed in the quick closing oil cavity (209), a pressure oil cavity (211) is formed between the second dividing ring seat (206) and the rear end cover (203), and a pressure oil port (212) is formed in the pressure oil cavity (211); a plurality of through oil return holes (213) are formed in the first dividing ring seat (205) along the radial direction;

a sleeve (221) extending into the pressure oil cavity (211) is coaxially arranged on the rear end cover (203), the tail end of the sleeve (221) is fixed on the rear end cover (203), the head end of the sleeve (221) is opened, and a slide valve main shaft (20401) penetrates through the sleeve (221); a communication hole (222) for communicating the pressure oil chamber (211) with the communication hole (212) is formed in the side wall of the sleeve (221) close to the head end;

the first shoulder (20403) is matched with the first dividing ring seat (205) to form a sealing disc between the starting oil cavity (207) and the quick closing oil cavity (209), and the first shoulder (20403) can block the plurality of oil return holes (213); the second shoulder (20404) is matched with the second dividing ring seat (206) to form a sealing disc between the quick-closing oil cavity (209) and the pressure oil cavity (211), and the second shoulder (20404) can seal the communication hole (222);

the second shoulder (20404) moves in the sleeve (221), the second shoulder (20404), the sleeve (221) and the rear end cover (203) form a closed spring installation cavity (223), a brake-opening compression return spring (214) is sleeved on a slide valve main shaft (20401) in the spring installation cavity (223), one end of the brake-opening compression return spring (214) is propped against the second shoulder (20404), and the other end of the brake-opening compression return spring (214) is propped against the rear end cover (203);

the axial front end of the shell (201) is also provided with a hook mounting seat (215), a hook (216) is rotatably mounted on the hook mounting seat (215) through a pin shaft (220), and the hook (216) is divided into three integrally formed parts, namely a hook body (21601), a tension head (21602) and a locking head (21603), by taking the position of a rotation center as a dividing point; the radial upper part of the hook (216) is a hook body (21601) which is matched with the steam turbine main shaft (7) to realize the hanging brake and the opening brake; the radial lower part of the hook (216) is provided with a receiving head (21602), one end of a hanging brake stretching reset spring (217) is arranged on the receiving head (21602), the other end of the hanging brake stretching reset spring (217) is arranged on the hook mounting seat (215), and the hanging brake stretching reset spring (217) is arranged along the axial direction; the axial rear part of the hook (216) is a locking head (21603) arranged along the axial direction, and when the hook (216) and the steam turbine main shaft (7) are in a brake hanging state, a brake hanging bayonet (20402) of the sliding valve (204) is buckled at the tail end of the locking head (21603); when the hook (216) is in a brake opening state between the hook and a steam turbine main shaft (7) under the pushing of a steam turbine emergency breaker, a brake opening inclined plane (20407) of the sliding valve (204) is fed to the upper part of the tail part of the locking head (21603) to press the locking head (21603);

the main steam speed closing valve (3) comprises a main steam speed closing valve main body (301), a cylinder piston rod (302) in the main steam speed closing valve main body (301) is driven by a cylinder piston (303) in a cylinder (304), the cylinder piston (303) is a cylinder body with an open front end, one end of a second reset spring (305) is installed in the cylinder piston (303), the other end of the second reset spring (305) extends out of the front end of the cylinder piston (303) and is installed on the rear end of a spring seat (306), the front end of the spring seat (306) can contact and push a piston disc (307), the cylinder piston rod (302) is installed on the piston disc (307), and the cylinder piston rod (302) extends out of a cylinder front end cover (30402) of the cylinder (304) and can move in the cylinder (304) in a telescopic mode;

the oil cylinder (304) comprises an oil cylinder body (30401), an oil cylinder front end cover (30402) is arranged at the front part of the oil cylinder body (30401), an oil cylinder rear end cover (30403) is arranged at the rear end of the oil cylinder body (30401), and a test piston (30404) is arranged in the oil cylinder body (30401) and close to the oil cylinder rear end cover (30403); the inner wall of the oil cylinder body (30401) is sequentially provided with a third dividing ring seat (30405) and a fourth dividing ring seat (30406) from front to back, and the third dividing ring seat (30405) and the fourth dividing ring seat (30406) are in sealing contact with the outer wall of the oil cylinder piston (303);

a second-speed oil-shutting cavity (308) is arranged between the front end cover (30402) of the oil cylinder and the third dividing ring seat (30405), a second-speed oil-shutting hole (309) is formed in the second-speed oil-shutting cavity (308), an oil return cavity (310) is formed between the third dividing ring seat (30405) and the fourth dividing ring seat (30406), and a second oil return hole (311) is formed in the oil return cavity (310); a second starting oil cavity (312) is formed between the fourth dividing ring seat (30406) and the test piston (30404), and a second starting oil port (313) is formed in the second starting oil cavity (312);

a second through hole (314) is formed in the side wall of the oil cylinder piston (303), and the second through hole (314) can be communicated with the oil return cavity (310);

the front end face of the test piston (30404) is provided with a second convex ring (30407), the second convex ring (30407) can be in contact with the rear end face of the oil cylinder piston (303), the rear part of the oil cylinder piston (303) is provided with a flow guide hole (315) with one end communicated with the side wall of the oil cylinder piston (303) and the other end communicated with the rear end face of the oil cylinder piston (303), and the flow guide hole (315) can be used for conducting a second starting oil cavity (312) divided by the oil cylinder piston (303).

2. The steam turbine capable of being used for realizing the one-touch start function according to claim 1, wherein the electric barring hydraulic operation device (4) comprises a turbine regulating oil pipe (9), the turbine regulating oil pipe (9) is connected with one end of a barring starting oil pipe (401), the other end of the barring starting oil pipe (401) is connected with one oil inlet end of a barring starting oil solenoid valve (402), and one oil outlet end of the barring starting oil solenoid valve (402) is communicated with an oil port of the starting oil passage (105); the other oil outlet end of the turning starting oil electromagnetic valve (402) is communicated with the oil tank (10).

3. The steam turbine capable of realizing the one-key-start function according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic operating device (5) of the critical interruption throttle hanging brake comprises a turbine regulating oil pipe (9), the turbine regulating oil pipe (9) is connected with one end of a starting oil pipe (501), the other end of the starting oil pipe (501) is connected with one oil inlet end of a starting oil electromagnetic valve (502), one oil outlet end of the starting oil electromagnetic valve (502) is connected with a starting oil port (208) of the critical interruption throttle (2), the other oil outlet end of the starting oil electromagnetic valve (502) is communicated with a throttle valve (503), and the regulating oil passing through the throttle valve (503) flows back to the oil tank (10); the steam turbine adjusting oil pipe (9) is also connected with one end of a pressure oil pipe (504), and the other end of the pressure oil pipe (504) is connected with a pressure oil port (212) of the emergency shutoff accelerator (2); the adjusting oil flowing out from the oil return hole (213) of the emergency shutoff accelerator (2) also flows back to the oil tank (10) through an oil return pipe (505); and the quick oil closing port (210) of the emergency shutoff accelerator (2) is communicated with a turbine safety oil pipe (8).

4. The steam turbine capable of performing a one-touch start function according to claim 1, wherein the main throttle valve hydraulic operation unit (6) includes a turbine governor pipe (9), the turbine governor pipe (9) is connected to one end of a second starter pipe (601), the other end of the second starter pipe (601) is connected to one oil inlet end of a second starter solenoid valve (602), one oil outlet end of the second starter solenoid valve (602) is connected to the second starter port 313 of the main throttle valve (3), the other oil outlet end of the second starter solenoid valve (602) is connected to a second throttle valve (603), and the governor oil passing through the throttle valve (603) is returned to the oil tank (10);

the steam turbine safety oil pipe (8) is also connected with one oil inlet end of a quick oil closing electromagnetic valve (604), and one oil outlet end of the quick oil closing electromagnetic valve (604) is connected with a second speed oil closing port (309) of the main steam quick oil closing valve (3); the quick oil-closing flowing out of the other oil outlet end of the quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve (604) returns to the oil tank (10);

the steam turbine safety oil pipe (8) is also connected with one oil inlet end of the cartridge valve (605), and one oil outlet end of the cartridge valve (605) is connected with the second speed oil outlet (309) of the main steam speed closing valve (3); the other oil outlet end of the cartridge valve (605) is connected with the other oil inlet end of the quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve (604);

and the quick-closing oil flowing out of the second oil return port (311) of the main steam quick-closing valve (3) returns to the oil tank (10).

5. The steam turbine operable to perform a one-touch start function as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pin (220) is sleeved with an adjustment washer (218) positioned between said hook mounting seat (215) and said hook (216).

6. The steam turbine operable to perform a one-touch start function as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hook extension return spring (217) is mounted to the receiving head (21602) and the hook mounting seat (215) by a pin (219), respectively.

7. The steam turbine capable of realizing a one-key starting function according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft (20401) of the sliding valve is provided with a limiting groove (20405) along the axial direction, the housing (201) is provided with a guide pin (20406) along the radial direction, and the guide pin (20406) extends into the starting oil chamber (207) to be matched with the limiting groove (20405), so that the sliding valve (204) can only move along the axial direction.

8. The steam turbine capable of being used for realizing a one-touch start function according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the jigger starting oil solenoid valve (402), the starting oil solenoid valve (502) and the second starting oil solenoid valve (602) are two-position four-way solenoid valves, and one oil inlet is closed and does not work; the quick oil-closing electromagnetic valve (604) also adopts a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve.

9. The steam turbine capable of being used for realizing a one-key starting function according to claim 1, wherein a pressure gauge interface (30408) and a test oil port (30409) are arranged on the oil cylinder rear end cover (30403).

10. A steam turbine generator set capable of being used for realizing a one-key start function, comprising a steam turbine, a speed change clutch and a generator which are connected in sequence, wherein the steam turbine adopts the steam turbine capable of being used for realizing the one-key start function according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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