CN1138964C - Room-type multifunctional furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drawer type furnace. Six to twelve combustion nozzles are arranged in the furnace, wherein each nozzle is provided with a combustion gas mixer, a small combustion chamber and fire blocking plates with holes. The fire blocking plates are formed by stacking two identical hole plates which can be staggered for regulating the size of the holes, and the fire blocking plates which are provided with longitudinal shafts and transverse shafts can rotate transversely and longitudinally. The bottom of a furnace car is provided with a central exhaust port and peripheral exhaust ports to form a main exhaust port. The furnace which can be used for firing ceramics by open flames, inverse flames and isolated flames has the advantages of rapid temperature rise, uniform furnace temperature, big air input and output, simple and convenient operation and obvious superiority of firing large ceramic artworks.

Description

Room-type multifunctional furnace

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is the used drawer type kiln of cell-type kiln, particularly fired ceramic.

Background technology

The kiln of batch production is generally circular kiln.In the last few years live bottom type kilns of using more, it is drawer type kiln (also claiming rib formula kiln), the pushing in the stove of ceramic base car load formula that need can be fired fired, and this is avoided pushing away yard base substrate waste heat baking in stove hard to bear, and places the not high and generation fragmentation of improper space availability ratio.Yet existing this kiln can only use as up-draft kiln and down-draft kiln by the gas traffic direction.Because the kiln inner volume is limited, fuel combustion is often incomplete, easily produces air pollution during emptying; And when burning, thereby flame directly gushes out and flame and pottery to be burnt can't be separated the uneven influence of being heated and fire the result, can not guarantee the quality of burned product.The most key is various potteries (particularly art ceramics), needs the different conditions of firing and fires mode: a stove can not satisfy when firing the requirement to combustion system different (flaming, muffle, downdraf).

Summary of the invention

At the above prior art defective, the present invention improves its structure, produces multi-functional cell-type kiln.Kiln of the present invention (seeing accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2) is to be equipped with 6--12 burner noz(zle) [1] on the wall relevant position within it, divide two rows, two nozzles of every row, complete in order to make flame combustion, a small combustion chamber [2] is arranged before each nozzle, can make unburned completely gas fully burn at this.Contact ceramic body to be burnt causes the uneven influence of being heated finally to fire the result for fear of jetting out flames directly, fireguard [3] with a plurality of open-works is all arranged between small combustion chamber and kiln thorax, the flame warp evenly passes to heat body of heater and fires base substrate from open-work, thereby guarantees the quality of firing of product.Fireguard is preferably put together by two plate stacks that have same open-work, and make 1 block of plate wherein slideway arranged up and down, can make left and right sides transversion malposition and move, can make on the fireguard eyelet changeable so in use, to adjust flame point in the sintering procedure big or small thereby be implemented in.In addition, in order in stove, freely to adjust the direction of wind fire, make baffle plate do turning to of certain angle when needing, adopt following measure: two blocks of stacked open-work plates are contained on the frame (inside casing), frame axle vertically arranged up and down, this frame is contained in again on the bigger frame (housing), corresponding inside casing vertically has axle sleeve up and down to this housing in the inboard, it is long normally to go up the cover space, the weak point of trapping, the axle Upper shaft sleeve of packing on the inside casing is up carried, treated that lower shaft puts down in the time of can entering Lower shaft sleeve inside casing is packed in the housing; Moreover, laterally also there is axle in the housing outside in two ends, the left and right sides, and housing is contained in the axle sleeve on the furnace wall; Like this inside casing longitudinal axis and housing lateral shaft just can make fireguard do about, left and right sides angle adjustment and can satisfy the various requirement of firing (seeing accompanying drawing 3).Another characteristics of the present invention are that a plurality of (5-7) exhaust outlet [4] is arranged in the bottom of kiln car, to satisfy downdraf exhaust (seeing accompanying drawing 5), its arrangement is that the central row gas port is placed in the middle, and other exhaust outlets divide around the row, but finally each exhaust pipe all is connected pipeline of central row gas port Guan Shangcheng and discharges out of the furnace.The visible accompanying drawing 1,2,5 of its arranging situation and connected mode.Better in order to guarantee jet combustion, a hollow cylindrical burning blender (seeing accompanying drawing 4) can also be installed on nozzle, an even distribution 2-6 hole on the banded face of side circumference, the combustion mixture body can not directly spray and ejection from the periphery mouth from the front during use.Blender can link with spiral shell and connect or bolted.

The present invention respectively pacifies two rows totally 4 nozzles, 4 burning blenders, 4 small combustion chambers, 4 fireguards on the relative furnace wall, both sides in optimum drawer type kiln is selected in experiment; Two through hole plates in the fireguard can about stagger, but fireguard vertical and horizontal rotations; Four exhaust outlet pipelines of diagonal periphery are connected on the pipeline of central row air port, make flame form circulating system as Fig. 1 in stove.

This three-in-one formula kiln of the present invention has overcome the defective of existing similar kiln.The design of kiln internal structure and exhaust outlet can be regulated arbitrarily, can realize in a kiln that as required flaming, downdraf, muffle fire; Air discharge structure can make temperature equilibrium more in the stove; Programming rate is fast, can reach 1350 ℃ at 100min; Maximum turnover tolerance is three times of common kiln, best embodies out its superiority when firing big part works.Because mixing and burning fully of gas do not have the waste gas of uncombusted in the exhaust, environment is not polluted in addition.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the positive cross-sectional schematic of kiln, and accompanying drawing 2 is for having fireguard and generalized section thereof in the kiln; Wherein 1. [1] burner noz(zle) is combustion gas, 2. is wind; [2] be small combustion chamber; [3] be fireguard; [4] be that exhaust outlet accompanying drawing 3 is fireguard front and side structure schematic diagram, front elevation can be found out the two plates state that staggers, and side view a plate has slideway up and down; Accompanying drawing 4 is burning mixer structure schematic diagrames; Accompanying drawing 5 is a kiln car bottom vertical view, center and peripheral exhaust port is shown distributes, and from then on figure and accompanying drawing 1,2 all can be found out its connection, move towards signal; Accompanying drawing 6 is kiln pictorial diagram.

The specific embodiment

The drawer type kiln is implemented:

Both sides respectively have two rows totally 8 nozzles relatively in the stove on the furnace wall, can control the switching and the flow of combustion gas and wind respectively, 8 burning blenders should be arranged mutually, 8 small combustion chambers, 8 fireguards.Fireguard is that two blocks of plates that have same open-work are superimposed, and wherein a plate has slideway can do move left and right and the dislocation of another piece plate up and down, and two plates have axle can make lateral rotation up and down at inside casing; Also there is axle that it is rotated up and down about its housing.Even 4 exhaust outlets that distribute in addition, and be connected on the central row feed channel.Because combustion gas, air quantity all can be controlled, the fireguard diplopore straight-through or stagger and can about, the left rotation and right rotation angle, both can control the flame trend and also can be very easy to make firing temperature constant, be suitable for muffle, downdraf is fired.Some artistic pottery and porcelain handicraft in addition, the part needs flaming to make the color change of glaze; And the position that has need not flaming, then can make the high temperature of nozzle flame directly fire its position near the fireguard rotational angle that needs the flaming position, reaches local glaze and becomes effect.Degree realizes temperature required thereby the wrong hole of fireguard then can be adjusted in other positions.

If whole works all needs flaming to fire, all fireguards can be rotated adjustment angle realization flaming and fire.Because nozzle is many, all opening point is burnt system, makes 1200～1350 ℃ of kiln Nei Wenduda in 2h, reaches this temperature at 100min when the fastest.

Claims (5)

1. cell-type kiln that has the drawer type kiln car is characterized by that corresponding positions is equipped with 6-12 burner noz(zle) [1] on the stove inwall; A small combustion chamber [2] is all arranged before each nozzle; There is fireguard [3] to separate between small combustion chamber and burner hearth, a plurality of open-works are arranged on the fireguard; In the kiln car bottom 5-7 the exhaust outlet of falling the cigarette [4] arranged, the exhaust pipe bottom all is connected with the center exhaust pipe all around.

2. as the kiln of claim 1, it is characterized by has hollow cylindrical burning blender on the described burner noz(zle), an even distribution 2-6 hole on the banded face of its side circumference, and blender connects with spiral shell button or bolt and is fastening.

3. as the kiln of claim 1, it is characterized by described fireguard is that two stacked deckle boards that have same open-work plate are housed, and wherein a upper and lower all has slideway can make its energy move left and right.

4. as the kiln of claim 3, it is characterized by described fireguard, be that two blocks of stacked open-work plates that have are contained on the inside casing that axle vertically arranged up and down, and inside casing is contained on the housing, and the inboard corresponding inside casing of housing vertically has axle sleeve, and the inside casing longitudinal axis is packed in the outer frame set; And outer middle side part has axle about laterally; The housing that has open-work plate, inside casing is contained on the furnace wall that has horizontal axle sleeve.

5. as the described kiln of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that on the two offside furnace walls two rows totally 4 nozzles, 4 burning blenders, 4 small combustion chambers, 4 fireguards being arranged respectively in the kiln, exhaust outlet is four on every side.

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