CN113894299B - Main shaft gas cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a main shaft air cleaning device, relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and aims to solve the problem that cost is increased by controlling the on-off of an air passage through an electromagnetic valve in the processes of tool pulling and tool loosening of a pull rod of an existing main shaft air cleaning structure. The invention provides a main shaft air cleaning device, comprising: the air-assisted screwdriver comprises a hollow main shaft and a screwdriver head, wherein the hollow main shaft is provided with a screwdriver handle mounting hole which is coaxial with the hollow main shaft and is positioned at the front end of the hollow main shaft and a first air channel which extends along the axial direction, one end of the first air channel penetrates through the front end surface of the hollow main shaft and forms a first air inlet on the front end surface, the other end of the first air channel is positioned at the rear end of the hollow main shaft and forms a first air outlet on the inner surface of the hollow main shaft, and the surface of the screwdriver handle mounting hole is provided with an air blowing hole which is penetrated through with the first air channel; and the pull rod is arranged in the hollow main shaft in a sliding manner and is elastically connected with the hollow main shaft through an elastic component. The invention can realize the conduction and the cut-off of the gas circuit without using an electromagnetic valve and has the characteristic of small flow resistance.

Description

Main shaft gas cleaning device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a main shaft air cleaning device.

Background

The spindle is a device for precision machining, a tool shank with a standard interface can be installed in a front-end taper hole of the spindle, the tool shank can be used for clamping a tool, the spindle needs to be loosened and pulled frequently to change the tool in the using process, the front-end taper hole of the spindle is separated from the tool shank after the tool is loosened, water or cutting scraps can easily enter the spindle, in order to avoid isolating pollutant invasion, the front-end taper hole needs to be cleaned in a gas mode in the tool loosening process of the spindle, and the taper hole surface is protected from being damaged;

when the spindle is used for tool changing, the mounting hole of the spindle tool holder and the end face of the spindle tool holder are easy to generate scraps, so that the spindle tool needs to be cleaned in time. Patent CN111975434A relates to a main shaft gas cleaning structure, because of the air feed structure is external, so the back end air feed passageway admit air will pass through the solenoid valve control break-make, increase the cost undoubtedly, when the pine sword position, near proximity switch feedback signal to the clear gas of solenoid valve switch-on taper hole, clean the taper hole, when the broach, the structure of admitting air separates, can no longer supply air to the front end taper hole, the air feed passageway admit air still will pass through the solenoid valve disconnection, otherwise the gas can be continuous outside the discharge production continuous noise.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention discloses a spindle air cleaning device, which is used for solving the problems that in the existing spindle air cleaning structure, the on-off of an air passage needs to be controlled by an electromagnetic valve in the processes of loosening and pulling a pull rod, so that the cost is increased, the electromagnetic valve is not adopted, and air leaks, so that noise is generated, and air source air quantity is wasted.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses in a first aspect a spindle air cleaning device comprising: the tool holder comprises a hollow main shaft and a tool holder body, wherein the hollow main shaft is provided with a tool holder mounting hole which is coaxial with the hollow main shaft and is positioned at the front end of the hollow main shaft and a first air passage which extends along the axial direction, one end of the first air passage penetrates through the front end surface of the hollow main shaft and forms a first exhaust port on the front end surface, the other end of the first air passage is positioned at the rear end of the hollow main shaft and forms a first air inlet on the inner surface of the hollow main shaft, and the surface of the tool holder mounting hole is provided with an air blowing hole which penetrates through the first air passage; the pull rod is axially movably arranged in the hollow main shaft, a second air passage extending along the axial direction of the pull rod is arranged on the pull rod, a second air outlet is formed in one end, close to the first air inlet, of the second air passage, a second air inlet is formed in one end, far away from the first air inlet, of the second air passage, and the second air inlet is used for guiding air of an air source into the second air passage; when the pull rod moves axially towards the front end of the hollow main shaft, the first air inlet is communicated with the second air outlet; when the pull rod moves axially towards the rear end of the hollow main shaft, the first air inlet is separated from the second air outlet.

Further optionally, the spindle air cleaning device further includes a spindle sleeve and a hydraulic cylinder assembly, the hollow spindle is disposed in the spindle sleeve, a hydraulic cylinder body on the hydraulic cylinder assembly has an annular protrusion extending axially along the cylinder body, the annular protrusion is hermetically fixed at one end of the spindle sleeve and forms a first air cavity, and is located at one side of the rear end of the hollow spindle, and a hydraulic push rod on the hydraulic cylinder assembly can extend out of an accommodating space formed by the annular protrusion and act on the pull rod, so that the pull rod moves axially towards the front end of the hollow spindle;

the first air cavity is communicated with the second air inlet, and the first air cavity is communicated with an air source.

Further optionally, the pull rod is connected with the hollow spindle through an elastic component, and the pull rod can axially move towards the rear end of the hollow spindle under the action of the elastic component, so that the first air inlet is isolated from the second air outlet.

Further optionally, the outer surface of the pull rod and the inner surface of the hollow main shaft have a sealing matching surface at one side of the rear end of the hollow main shaft, the second air outlet is located on the pull rod sealing matching surface, and the first air inlet is located on the hollow main shaft sealing matching surface;

when the pull rod moves axially towards the front end of the hollow main shaft, the first air inlet and the second air outlet are arranged oppositely;

when the pull rod moves towards the rear end of the hollow main shaft in the axial direction, the first air inlet and the second air outlet are arranged in a staggered mode, and the sealing matching surface of the pull rod is plugged in the first air inlet.

Further optionally, the second air flue have axial section passageway and with the communicating radial section passageway of axial section passageway, the pull rod be equipped with on the sealed fitting surface along its circumference the annular, radial section passageway with the annular is link up, the axial section passageway is in have the second air inlet on the pull rod, the annular is as the second gas vent of second air flue.

Further optionally, a closed annular cavity is formed between the inner surface of the hollow main shaft and the outer surface of the pull rod, the annular cavity is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the first air inlet, the air outlet is communicated with the first air outlet and the air blowing hole, the annular cavity is arranged close to the front end of the hollow main shaft, and the annular cavity is used as a part of the first air channel.

Further optionally, the inner surface of the hollow main shaft is provided with two spacer rings which are coaxial with the hollow main shaft and are arranged at intervals, the pull rod penetrates through the two spacer rings, and the outer surface of the pull rod, the inner surface of the hollow main shaft and the two spacer rings form the annular cavity.

Further optionally, a plurality of channels a distributed along the circumferential direction of the hollow main shaft and extending along the axial direction are arranged between the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow main shaft, one end of each channel a is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of each channel a is provided with the first air inlet.

Further optionally, a plurality of channels b distributed along the circumferential direction of the hollow main shaft and extending along the axial direction are further arranged between the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow main shaft, the channels a and the channels b are located on two sides of the annular cavity, one end of the channel b is communicated with the air outlet, the channel b penetrates through the front end surface of the hollow main shaft and forms the first air outlet on the front end surface, the number of the air blowing holes is multiple, and each air blowing hole is communicated with each channel b;

the plurality of a-channels, the annular cavity, and the plurality of b-channels form the first air passage.

Further optionally, the number of the air inlets and the number of the air outlets are multiple, one end of each channel a is communicated with each air inlet, and one end of each channel b is communicated with each air outlet.

Further optionally, the air blowing hole is obliquely arranged towards the front end of the hollow main shaft, and the cross-sectional area of the air blowing hole is gradually increased along the air outlet direction.

Further optionally, the cross-sectional area of the annular cavity is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the a-channels.

Has the advantages that: according to the invention, the actuating mechanism drives the pull rod to move, the first air channel and the second air channel are communicated while the tool handle in the main shaft is detached, the front end face of the main shaft and the tool handle mounting hole are blown, debris is prevented from entering the tool handle mounting hole, when tool changing is finished, the pull rod returns to the initial position under the action of the elastic part to lock the tool handle, at the moment, the first air inlet and the second air outlet are staggered to cut off ventilation with the first air channel, the second air channel is communicated with an air source to prevent air from leaking, and the on-off of air supply of the first air channel in the tool loosening and tool pulling processes can be realized without being controlled by an electromagnetic valve.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. The drawings described below are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be derived by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at I;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a drawbar end cap according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a spacer ring near the front end of a hollow main shaft in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a partial view showing a pull rod of embodiment 1 of the present invention on the rear end side of a hollow main shaft.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and "a" and "an" generally include at least two, but do not exclude at least one, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a commodity or system comprising the element.

To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following specific examples are provided with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

Example 1

In the present embodiment, there is provided a spindle air cleaning apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, including a hollow spindle 100 and a drawbar 200; the hollow main shaft 100 is provided with a tool shank mounting hole 101 which is coaxial with the hollow main shaft and is positioned at the front end of the hollow main shaft and a first air channel 110 which extends along the axial direction, one end of the first air channel 110 penetrates through the front end face of the hollow main shaft 100 and forms a first exhaust port 104 on the front end face, the other end of the first air channel 110 is positioned at the rear end of the hollow main shaft 100 and forms a first air inlet 103 on the inner surface of the hollow main shaft 100, and the surface of the tool shank mounting hole 101 is provided with an air blowing hole 105 which penetrates through the first air channel 110; the pull rod 200 is axially movably arranged in the hollow main shaft 100, a second air passage 210 extending along the axial direction of the pull rod 200 is arranged on the pull rod 200, a second air outlet 202 is arranged at one end of the second air passage 210 close to the first air inlet 103, a second air inlet 203 is arranged at one end of the second air passage 210 far away from the first air inlet 103, and the second air inlet 203 is used for introducing air of an air source into the second air passage 210; when the pull rod 200 moves axially towards the front end of the hollow main shaft 100, the first air inlet 103 is communicated with the second air outlet 202; when the pull rod 200 moves axially toward the rear end of the hollow spindle 100, the first air inlet 103 is blocked from the second air outlet 202.

In one embodiment of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the spindle air cleaning apparatus further includes a spindle sleeve 600 and a hydraulic cylinder assembly 400, the hollow spindle 100 is disposed in the spindle sleeve 600, a hydraulic cylinder 410 of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400 has an annular protrusion 401 extending axially along the cylinder, the annular protrusion 401 is sealingly fixed at one end of the spindle sleeve 600 and forms a first air chamber 406, and is located at a rear end side of the hollow spindle 100, and a hydraulic push rod 420 of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400 can protrude from an accommodating space formed by the annular protrusion and act on the pull rod 200, so that the pull rod 200 moves axially toward a front end of the hollow spindle 100; the first air cavity 406 is communicated with the second air inlet 203, and the first air cavity 406 is communicated with an air source. The air supply hole 130 is always connected to the air supply to keep the first air chamber 406 in a positive pressure state. During tool changing, the hydraulic push rod 420 of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400 moves axially to drive the pull rod 200 to move axially towards the front end of the hollow spindle 100, so that tool changing is performed, the first air passage 110 and the second air passage 210 are conducted, and blowing is performed on the front end faces of the tool holder mounting hole 101 and the hollow spindle 100 to remove chips. When the hollow spindle 100 is operated, the hydraulic push rod 420 and the pull rod 200 are in a separated state.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the hydraulic cylinder assembly 400 includes a hydraulic cylinder body 410, an end cover 402 and a piston 403, a second annular protrusion is disposed on one side of the end cover 402, the second annular protrusion serves as the hydraulic push rod 420, the end cover 402 and the hydraulic cylinder body are hermetically covered together, an outer surface of the second annular protrusion forms an annular cavity with an inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder body 410, the piston 403 is annular, the piston 403 is disposed in the annular cavity and divides the annular cavity into two sealed chambers, the piston 403 axially extends toward one side of the end cover 402 in the opposite direction and extends out of the chambers, wherein a pull rod end cover 404 is fixedly disposed at an end of the pull rod 200 close to the hollow spindle 100, the piston end portion extending out is disposed close to the pull rod end cover 404, the two chambers are provided with oil supply holes, the oil supply holes are connected to an external hydraulic system, the external hydraulic system supplies hydraulic oil with the oil to the oil supply holes 403, so that the piston 403 moves toward a front end of the hollow spindle 100, a space surrounded by the second annular protrusion forms the second annular protrusion 405, the second air supply hole 203 and the second air supply cavity 130 or the second annular protrusion is disposed at an inner side of the second air supply hole 130, and the second air cavity 406, and the second annular protrusion is disposed at a plurality of the second air supply hole 406, and the second air supply hole 405, the second air cavity 130 or the second air cavity is disposed at the second air cavity 130, and the second air cavity 406, and the second air cavity 405, when the second air cavity is not connected to the second air cavity 405. Set up second air cavity 405 and communicate with each other with the air supply, can store the gas that has certain pressure in advance, the gaseous malleation that keeps in the second air flue shortens the gaseous flow of malleation when making first air flue 110 and second air flue 210 communicate with each other, improves the gas output in the unit interval, improves the effect of blowing. When the piston 403 moves axially under the pressure of hydraulic oil, the extended end of the piston abuts against the pull rod end cover 404 and drives the pull rod 200 to move axially towards the front end of the hollow spindle 100 for tool changing, after the tool changing is finished, the pull rod 200 resets under the action of the disc spring, the piston 403 also resets, and the extended end is separated from the pull rod end cover 404. Optionally, a plurality of vent holes are formed on the pull rod end cover 404, and each vent hole 407 is communicated with each second air inlet 203, so that the air in the second air cavity 405 can enter the second air passage through the vent hole 407. Optionally, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, as shown in the drawing, a tie rod end cover 404 is fixedly disposed on the tie rod 200 by screws, the second air inlets 203 are disposed to penetrate through the tie rod end cover 404, and the number of the second air inlets 203 is plural.

Be equipped with on pull rod 200 and keep off the shoulder, the dish spring both ends support respectively and lean on keep off the shoulder with on hollow main shaft 100, wherein keep off the shoulder and set up towards main shaft front end one side, pull rod 200 resets and resumes initial position under the effort of dish spring after the tool changing, dies hollow main shaft lock (hollow main shaft front end has locking mechanism, for prior art, is not the important description of this embodiment, does not give unnecessary details here).

Further optionally, the pull rod 200 is connected to the hollow spindle 100 through an elastic member 300, and the pull rod may axially move toward the rear end of the hollow spindle 100 under the action of the elastic member 300, so as to block the first air inlet 103 from the second air outlet 202. The elastic component 300 can be a disc spring, after the tool changing of the hollow spindle is finished, the tool holder needs to be locked, the pull rod 200 needs to be restored to an initial state under the acting force of the disc spring at the moment, and meanwhile, the hydraulic push rod 420 and the pull rod 200 are kept in a separated state, so that the hollow spindle 100 is prevented from being in contact with the hydraulic push rod 420 to cause abrasion to the hydraulic push rod 420 during working.

In order to connect or disconnect the first air inlet 103 and the second air outlet 202, it is preferable that the outer surface of the pull rod 200 and the inner surface of the hollow spindle 100 have a sealing matching surface at one side of the rear end of the hollow spindle 100, the second air outlet 202 is located on the sealing matching surface of the pull rod 200, and the first air inlet 103 is located on the sealing matching surface of the hollow spindle 100; when the pull rod 200 moves axially towards the front end of the hollow main shaft 100, the first air inlet 103 and the second air outlet 202 are arranged oppositely; when the pull rod 200 moves axially towards the rear end of the hollow main shaft 100, the first air inlet 103 and the second air outlet 202 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the sealing matching surface of the pull rod 200 is blocked at the first air inlet 103. Optionally, a sealing matching surface is formed between the pull rod 200 and the hollow spindle 100 through clearance fit, and sealing rings are arranged on the sealing matching surface along two axial sides of the pull rod.

In patent CN111975434a, the gas passes through the draw rod spacer, and the gap between the draw rod spacer and the inner hole of the shaft center is 0.025mm, the gas flow resistance is large, and the draw rod system is easy to generate debris in the reciprocating process of the inner hole of the shaft center, if the conical surface of the front-end tool holder is blown in, the gas cleaning structure is provided in patent CN202106039U, only one gas inlet channel is provided, and the gas channel punching treatment needs to be performed on the spindle box, the spindle sleeve, the spindle end cover and the like, the process is complicated, and meanwhile, a plurality of sealing rings need to be used, and higher requirements are provided for the sealing performance of the spindle. To solve this technical problem, the following embodiment further defines the first air passage 110 and the second air passage 210.

In an embodiment of this embodiment, the second air duct 210 has an axial section passage 211 and a radial section passage 212 communicating with the axial section passage 211, the sealing engagement surface of the pull rod 200 is provided with an annular groove 213 along the circumferential direction thereof, the radial section passage 212 is communicated with the annular groove 213, the axial section passage 211 has a second air inlet 203 on the pull rod 200, and the annular groove 213 serves as a second air outlet 202 of the second air duct 210. Wherein, axial section passageway 211 and radial section passageway 212 can be a plurality of, every axial section passageway 211 and every radial section passageway 212 communicate with each other, every radial section passageway 212 all with annular groove 213 link up, every axial section passageway 211 all is equipped with second air inlet 203 on the pull rod 200, and second air flue 210 sets up to a plurality ofly, can increase the intake air quantity to reduce the flow resistance, the setting of annular groove 213 can guarantee pull rod 200 with hollow spindle 100 produces relative rotation and also enables first air flue 110 and second air flue 210 and communicate with each other.

The structure of the first air path 110 is specifically described below.

In one embodiment of this embodiment, a closed annular cavity 120 is formed between the inner surface of the hollow main shaft 100 and the outer surface of the pull rod 200, the annular cavity 120 has an air inlet 121 and an air outlet 122, the air inlet 121 is communicated with the first air inlet 103, the air outlet 122 is communicated with the first air outlet 104 and the air blowing hole 105, the annular cavity 120 is disposed near the front end of the hollow main shaft 100, and the annular cavity 120 is a part of the first air channel. By the arrangement of the annular cavity 120, the flow resistance of the gas can be reduced, and at the moment when the first gas passage 110 and the second gas passage 210 are conducted, the energy is instantly stored and the gas is released from the first exhaust port 104 and the gas blowing hole 105, so that a larger blowing force is generated, and the capability of removing the debris is enhanced. In one embodiment, the inner surface of the hollow spindle 100 is provided with two spacer rings 500 coaxially arranged with the inner surface of the hollow spindle 100, the pull rod 200 is arranged through the two spacer rings 500, and the outer surface of the pull rod 200, the inner surface of the hollow spindle 100 and the two spacer rings 500 form the annular cavity 120. Two retaining shoulders with opposite directions are formed on the inner surface of the hollow main shaft 100, one of the retaining shoulders is a conical retaining shoulder, the other retaining shoulder is far away from the front end of the hollow main shaft 100, one of the spacer rings 500 is provided with an outer conical surface coaxial with the spacer ring, the outer conical surface of the spacer ring 500 is attached to the conical retaining shoulder through a sealing ring to realize the sealing between the outer peripheral surface of the pull rod 200 and the inner surface of the hollow main shaft 100, and the spacer ring 500 is also used as an abutting end of the disc spring, namely, the disc spring abuts against the hollow main shaft 100 through the spacer ring 500. In one embodiment, the inner surface of the hollow spindle 100 is formed with two first annular protrusions coaxial with and spaced apart from the inner surface, and the pull rod 200 is sealingly engaged with the inner circular surface of the two first annular protrusions to form the annular cavity 120. The pull rod 200 and the two spacer rings 500 are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance is 0.05mm.

Further, a plurality of a-channels 150 distributed along the circumferential direction and extending along the axial direction are disposed between the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow main shaft 100, one end of the a-channel 150 is communicated with the gas inlet 121, and the other end of the a-channel 150 is provided with the first gas inlet 103. Optionally, a plurality of first blind holes 109 extending along the axial direction of the hollow main shaft 100 are formed in the end face of the rear end of the hollow main shaft 100 along the circumferential direction thereof, and a plug is used to plug the end of the first blind holes 109 in the end face, a plurality of first holes 107 distributed along the radial direction thereof are formed in the inner surface of the rear end of the hollow main shaft 100, each first hole 107 is communicated with the first blind hole 109, the first hole 107 is used as a first air inlet 103 of the first air passage, a plurality of second holes 108 communicated with the annular cavity 120 are formed in the outer surface of the hollow main shaft 100 along the radial direction thereof, each second hole 108 is plugged in the outer surface of the hollow main shaft 100 by a plug, each second hole 108 is communicated with each first blind hole, the first hole 107, the first blind hole 109 and the second hole 108 form the a channel 150, that the a channel 150 has an a axial section channel and two a radial section channels, the two a radial section channels are located on both sides of the axial direction of the a axial section channel and are the same as the a radial section channel 120 close to the front end of the hollow main shaft 100, and the air inlet 122 of the annular cavity 120 is communicated with the front end 121 of the hollow main shaft.

Optionally, the diameters of the first air passage 110 and the second air passage 210 are respectively greater than or equal to 4mm, so as to ensure sufficient ventilation.

Further, a plurality of b channels 160 distributed along the circumferential direction of the hollow main shaft 100 and extending along the axial direction are further disposed between the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow main shaft 100, the a channel 150 and the b channel 160 are located at two sides of the annular cavity 120, one end of the b channel 160 is communicated with the air outlet 122, the b channel 160 penetrates through the front end surface of the hollow main shaft 100 and forms the first air outlet 104 on the front end surface, the number of the air blowing holes 105 is multiple, and each air blowing hole 105 is communicated with each b channel; the plurality of a-channels 150, the annular cavity 120, and the plurality of b-channels 160 form the first air passage. Further, the number of the air inlets 121 and the number of the air outlets 122 are plural, one end of each a-channel 150 is communicated with each air inlet 121, and one end of each b-channel 160 is communicated with each air outlet 122. Optionally, the front end surface of the hollow main shaft 100 is provided with a plurality of second blind holes 111 extending along the axial direction thereof along the circumferential direction thereof, the outer surface of the main shaft 100 is provided with a plurality of third holes 112 extending along the radial direction thereof, each third hole 112 is in the outer surface of the hollow main shaft 100 is plugged by a plug, each third hole 112 is communicated with each second blind hole 111, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the outer surface of the spacer ring 500 near the front end of the hollow main shaft 100 is provided with an annular groove 114, the annular groove 114 is correspondingly arranged with each third hole 112, the spacer ring 500 is provided with a plurality of fourth holes 113 communicated with the annular groove on one side surface of the annular cavity 120, the fourth holes 113 serve as the air outlets 122 of the annular cavity 120, and a plurality of the fourth holes 113, the annular groove, the third holes 112 and the plurality of second blind holes 111 form the b channel, the spacer ring 500 near the front end of the hollow main shaft 100 is fixedly provided with the inner surface of the hollow main shaft, and the outer surface of the spacer ring 500 is sealed and attached to the inner surface of the hollow main shaft. The length of the channel a is greater than that of the channel b, and the diameter of the channel a is greater than or equal to that of the channel b, so that the flow resistance can be reduced, and sufficient ventilation capacity is ensured.

Most of the channels of the channel a and the channel b are formed between the inner surface and the outer surface of the main shaft by opening the hole on the hollow main shaft 100, a small section of channel is formed in an annular cavity formed by the hollow main shaft 100, the pull rod 200 and the two spacer rings 500, the number of the radial channels is small, and the effect of reducing flow resistance is achieved, so that the problem that the strength of the pull rod 200 is reduced by opening the hole on the part with larger bearing capacity is solved, particularly the annular cavity 120 is arranged near the front end of the hollow main shaft 100, the internal pressure is increased suddenly when high-pressure gas passes through the annular cavity, the high-pressure gas is ejected from the first exhaust port 202 and the gas blowing port 105 instantly to blow debris, and the blowing effect is enhanced.

The arrangement of the a-channel 150, the b-channel 160 and the annular chamber 120 simplifies the opening of the hollow spindle 100, and reduces the length of the opening in the hollow spindle 100 and the flow resistance.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are specifically illustrated and described above. It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements, instrumentalities, or instrumentalities described herein; on the contrary, the disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A spindle air cleaning apparatus, comprising:

the air-assisted screwdriver comprises a hollow main shaft and a screwdriver head, wherein the hollow main shaft is provided with a screwdriver handle mounting hole which is coaxial with the hollow main shaft and is positioned at the front end of the hollow main shaft and a first air channel which extends along the axial direction, one end of the first air channel penetrates through the front end surface of the hollow main shaft and forms a first exhaust port on the front end surface, the other end of the first air channel is positioned at the rear end of the hollow main shaft and forms a first air inlet on the inner surface of the hollow main shaft, and the surface of the screwdriver handle mounting hole is provided with an air blowing hole which is penetrated through with the first air channel;

the pull rod is axially movably arranged in the hollow main shaft, a second air passage extending along the axial direction of the pull rod is arranged on the pull rod, a second air outlet is formed in one end, close to the first air inlet, of the second air passage, a second air inlet is formed in one end, far away from the first air inlet, of the second air passage, and the second air inlet is used for guiding air of an air source into the second air passage;

when the pull rod moves axially towards the front end of the hollow main shaft, the first air inlet is communicated with the second air outlet;

when the pull rod moves axially towards the rear end of the hollow main shaft, the first air inlet is isolated from the second air outlet;

the hydraulic cylinder body on the hydraulic cylinder component is provided with an annular bulge extending along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder body, the annular bulge forms an air cavity and is positioned on one side of the rear end of the hollow main shaft, and a hydraulic push rod on the hydraulic cylinder component can extend out of an accommodating space formed by the annular bulge and acts on the pull rod, so that the pull rod moves axially towards the front end of the hollow main shaft.

2. A spindle air cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a spindle sleeve and a cylinder assembly, said hollow spindle being disposed within said spindle sleeve, said annular projection being sealingly secured to one end of said spindle sleeve, said air chamber being in communication with said second air inlet, said first air chamber being in communication with an air supply.

3. A spindle air cleaning device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pull rod is connected to the hollow spindle by an elastic member, and the pull rod is axially movable toward the rear end of the hollow spindle under the force of the elastic member to block the first air inlet from the second air outlet.

4. The spindle air cleaning device according to claim 3, wherein the outer surface of the drawbar and the inner surface of the hollow spindle have a sealing engagement surface at the rear end side of the hollow spindle, the second air outlet is located at the drawbar sealing engagement surface, and the first air inlet is located at the hollow spindle sealing engagement surface;

when the pull rod moves axially towards the front end of the hollow main shaft, the first air inlet and the second air outlet are arranged oppositely;

when the pull rod moves towards the rear end of the hollow main shaft in the axial direction, the first air inlet and the second air outlet are arranged in a staggered mode, and the sealing matching surface of the pull rod is plugged in the first air inlet.

5. A spindle air cleaning device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said second air passage has an axial passage and a radial passage communicating with said axial passage, said sealing engagement surface of said pull rod is provided with an annular groove along its circumference, said radial passage is communicated with said annular groove, said axial passage has a second air inlet on said pull rod, and said annular groove is used as a second air outlet of said second air passage.

6. A spindle air cleaning device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a closed annular chamber is formed between the inner surface of the hollow spindle and the outer surface of the drawbar, the annular chamber having an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet communicating with the first air inlet, the air outlet communicating with the first air outlet and the air blowing hole, the annular chamber being provided adjacent the front end of the hollow spindle, the annular chamber being part of the first air passage.

7. A spindle air cleaning device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the inner surface of the hollow spindle is provided with two spacer rings coaxially spaced from the inner surface of the hollow spindle, the pull rod is disposed through the two spacer rings, and the outer surface of the pull rod, the inner surface of the hollow spindle and the two spacer rings form the annular chamber.

8. A spindle air cleaning device as claimed in claim 7, wherein a plurality of a-channels are provided between the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow spindle, the a-channels being distributed along the circumference of the hollow spindle and extending in the axial direction, one end of the a-channel being communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the a-channel being provided with the first air inlet.

9. The spindle air cleaning device according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of b channels are disposed between the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow spindle, the b channels are distributed along the circumferential direction of the hollow spindle and extend along the axial direction, the a channels and the b channels are located on two sides of the annular cavity, one end of the b channel is communicated with the air outlet, the b channel penetrates through the front end surface of the hollow spindle and forms the first air outlet on the front end surface, the number of the air blowing holes is multiple, and each air blowing hole is communicated with each b channel;

the plurality of a-channels, the annular cavity, and the plurality of b-channels form the first air passage.

10. The spindle gas cleaning apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the number of the gas inlets and the gas outlets is plural, and each of the a-channel has one end communicating with each of the gas inlets, and each of the b-channel has one end communicating with each of the gas outlets.

11. A spindle air cleaning device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said air blowing hole is provided obliquely toward the front end of said hollow spindle, and the cross sectional area of said air blowing hole becomes gradually larger in the air outlet direction.

12. A spindle gas cleaning apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 10, in which the cross-sectional area of the annular chamber is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of a plurality of said a-channels.

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