CN113894246B - 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment and curing method thereof - Google Patents
3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment and curing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113894246B CN113894246B CN202111072834.XA CN202111072834A CN113894246B CN 113894246 B CN113894246 B CN 113894246B CN 202111072834 A CN202111072834 A CN 202111072834A CN 113894246 B CN113894246 B CN 113894246B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000011415 microwave curing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002489 tectorial membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing device and a curing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of precoated sand 3D printing. The equipment comprises a box body and a heating bin arranged in the box body; the quartz glass tool is positioned at the center of a circle circumscribed by the regular polygon of the heating bin and is suitable for placing an initial blank; a plurality of microwave generators which are evenly distributed on the side surface of the heating chamber, face the quartz glass tool and can be adjusted in a zoning and position-dividing manner. The method comprises the following steps: putting the primary blank into a special microwave curing quartz glass tool, and filling and covering the primary blank with glass beads; setting curing parameters according to the size and the structure of the product, and heating and curing the primary blank; by adopting the microwave heating method, the invention can greatly shorten the baking time of the precoated sand primary blank from 10-20 hours to 5-15 minutes, ensure the uniform solidification of the sand mold and the consistent internal and external strength, improve the energy utilization rate, reduce the cost of sand mold manufacturing and shorten the whole sand mold manufacturing period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precoated sand 3D printing, and particularly relates to 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment and a curing method thereof.
Background
The 3D printing precoated sand is divided into two types, one type is a primary blank obtained by sintering and superposing the precoated sand layer by using a carbon dioxide laser with infrared wavelength, the tensile strength is 0.25Mpa, the primary blank is cured to obtain a sand mold suitable for casting, the strength is 3Mpa, and the secondary blank is cured to obtain a primary blank by spraying a binder to the precoated sand through a spray head and obtain the sand mold. In the current SLS precoated sand industry, the primary blank curing is carried out by adopting an electric heating oven, the power of the used equipment reaches 29.1kw.h, the curing and heating time is different from 10-20 hours, the temperature time can only be set for the whole heating cavity, the temperature of each position of the material cannot be controlled, the material is easily affected by the inconsistent temperature, the overall quality of the cured sand mold is reduced, the common problems of uneven internal and external strength, cracking, deformation and the like of the sand mold are caused, and the energy waste is serious due to the low energy utilization rate of the method.
The general power of industry microwave oven is higher, mostly is the tunnel type, directly heats the material and need not the frock, and all is whole chamber heating rapidly, can't form by the center to the effect of even heating all around to tectorial membrane sand primary blank, the easy emergence heating in-process problem of collapsing splits, the tectorial membrane sand primary blank solidification that is not applicable to 3D and prints to bring the commonality problems such as sand mould internal and external intensity inhomogeneous, fracture, deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing device and a curing method thereof, and aims to solve the problems related to the background art.
The invention provides a 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing device and a curing method thereof, wherein the curing method comprises the following steps:
a box body;
the heating bin is arranged in the box body, and the longitudinal section of the heating bin is a regular polygon;
the quartz glass tool is positioned at the center of a circle circumscribed by the regular polygon of the heating bin and is suitable for placing an initial blank for 3D printing and laminating;
and the microwave generators are provided with a plurality of groups, are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the heating bin and right against the quartz glass tool, and can be adjusted in a partition and position-by-position manner.
Preferably or optionally, the quartz glass tooling is internally filled with glass beads to cover the blank.
Preferably or optionally, the microwave curing apparatus further comprises: the electric heating system is arranged at the bottom of the heating bin, and the circulating exhaust fan is positioned at the top of the center of the heating bin.
Preferably or optionally, a rotating support is arranged at the bottom of the quartz glass tool and is suitable for controlling the rotation of the primary blank.
The invention also provides a curing method of the 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment, which comprises the following steps:
selecting approximately spherical precoated sand powder as a printing material, and sintering the sieved precoated sand by adopting SLS (selective laser sintering) rapid forming equipment to prepare a primary blank;
putting the primary blank into a special microwave curing quartz glass tool, and filling and covering the primary blank with glass beads;
setting curing parameters according to the size and the structure of the product; the curing parameters comprise the starting sequence, the number, the position and the time of the microwave generators, the electric heating temperature and the electric heating time;
after the heating is stopped, the furnace is cooled to 40-50 ℃, and all power supplies are turned off.
Preferably or optionally, the method further comprises:
after the microwaves reach the predetermined temperature, the microwave heating is stopped and the entire heating chamber is maintained at the predetermined temperature using an electrical heating system.
Preferably or optionally, the method for calculating the curing parameters comprises:
obtaining an electromagnetic field and a thermal field of microwave curing precoated sand based on the primary blank model;
analyzing the electromagnetic field and the thermal field by adopting sequential coupling optimization to obtain the temperature distribution of the microwave electromagnetic field and realize the prediction of the precoated sand temperature rising rule;
and obtaining the optimal microwave heating parameters of the precoated sand primary blank.
Preferably or optionally, the heating chamber is provided with six side surfaces, and two groups of microwave generators are arranged on each side surface, wherein the side surfaces are a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface, a fourth side surface, a fifth side surface and a sixth side surface respectively;
the microwave generator includes: the first microwave generator and the second microwave generator are distributed on the first side surface from bottom to top; the third microwave generator and the fourth microwave generator are distributed on the second side surface from bottom to top; a fifth microwave generator and a sixth microwave generator which are distributed on the third side surface from bottom to top; the seventh microwave generator and the eighth microwave generator are distributed on the fourth side from bottom to top; the ninth microwave generator and the tenth microwave generator are distributed on the fifth side surface from bottom to top; and the eleventh microwave generator and the twelfth microwave generator are distributed on the sixth side surface from bottom to top.
Preferably or optionally, for the size of the initial blank within 200 × 150mm, sequentially starting 12 microwave generators, and setting for 5min30s; or,
starting a first microwave generator, a second microwave generator, a fifth microwave generator, a sixth microwave generator, a ninth microwave generator and a tenth microwave generator for setting the time to be 3mim when the size of the initial blank is between 200 × 150mm and 400 × 300mm, and then starting the rest of the microwave generators for setting the time to be 6min; or,
for the size of the initial blank of more than 400 × 300mm, starting a first microwave generator, a fourth microwave generator, a fifth microwave generator, an eighth microwave generator, a ninth microwave generator and a twelfth microwave generator for 4min30s, and then starting the rest microwave generators for 8min; and finally, starting an electric heating system, and setting the temperature to be 200 ℃ for 10min.
For the primary blank structure with the thin-wall cantilever beam structure, the fourth microwave generator, the fifth microwave generator, the eighth microwave generator and the ninth microwave generator are started firstly, the time is set to be 3mim, then the first microwave generator, the sixth microwave generator, the tenth microwave generator and the eleventh microwave generator are started, the time is set to be 4mim, and finally the rest of the microwave generators are started, and the time is set to be 5mim.
The invention relates to a 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing device and a curing method thereof, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by adopting the microwave heating method, the invention can greatly shorten the baking time of the precoated sand primary blank from 10-20 hours to 5-15 minutes, ensure the uniform solidification of the sand mold and the consistent internal and external strength, improve the energy utilization rate, reduce the cost of sand mold manufacturing and shorten the whole sand mold manufacturing period.
2. The special quartz glass tool adopted by the invention can bear 300kg of weight of the precoated sand, can penetrate through electromagnetic waves, reduces electromagnetic reflection, has no energy loss and has high utilization rate.
3. The microwave generators of the invention are uniformly distributed on the side wall, and can be adjusted in a subarea and position-by-position manner for the center of the primary blank, especially for complex thin-wall and cantilever beam structures, thereby improving the heating uniformity.
4. The circulating exhaust fan is arranged right above the center of the primary blank, so that the local overheating of the primary blank can be reduced, and the distribution and the uniform heating of a cavity radiation field are ensured.
5. When the temperature of the material reaches the set temperature, microwave heating is not used any more, the temperature of the whole heating bin is maintained by adopting an electric heating system, the electric heating is transmitted from outside to inside, the material center cannot be directly heated, and on one hand, the temperature is prevented from being reduced after the microwave is turned off; on the other hand, the heat accumulation in the precoated sand primary blank is prevented, and the temperature is too high.
6. Through mathematical model, set up reasonable curing parameter to the primary billet of not unidimensional, structure, guarantee the temperature that the uniform control primary billet needs, prevent that primary billet core from gathering hot deformation fracture scheduling problem that leads to.
In conclusion, the method and the device solve the problem of rapid temperature rise of the whole heating bin of the industrial microwave oven by the characteristic that the material is uniformly heated from the center to the periphery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position of a microwave generator in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the glass tooling of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a temperature profile after 400s for example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a temperature profile after 600s for example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a temperature profile after 7mins for inventive example 3.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the temperature time history of the center point of the primary billet in the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a photograph of a cut-out of a sample of the present invention in comparison with the example.
The reference signs are: the microwave heating device comprises a power supply I, a heating bin II, a microwave generator III, an electric heating system IV, a circulating exhaust fan V, a rotary bracket VI, a first microwave generator 1, a second microwave generator 2, a third microwave generator 3, a fourth microwave generator 4, a fifth microwave generator 5, a sixth microwave generator 6, a seventh microwave generator 7, an eighth microwave generator 8, a ninth microwave generator 9, a tenth microwave generator 10, an eleventh microwave generator 11 and a twelfth microwave generator 12.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In one aspect, referring to fig. 1 to 3, a 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing apparatus includes: the microwave heating device comprises a power supply I, a heating bin II, a microwave generator III, an electric heating system IV, a circulating exhaust fan V, a rotary bracket VI, a first microwave generator 1, a second microwave generator 2, a third microwave generator 3, a fourth microwave generator 4, a fifth microwave generator 5, a sixth microwave generator 6, a seventh microwave generator 7, an eighth microwave generator 8, a ninth microwave generator 9, a tenth microwave generator 10, an eleventh microwave generator 11 and a twelfth microwave generator 12.
Wherein, the box is used for holding firing equipment and primary blank. And a power supply I and a control panel are arranged outside the box body, and are suitable for opening and closing the microwave generator III and adjusting curing parameters.
The heating bin II is arranged in the box body, and the longitudinal section of the heating bin II is a regular polygon; in this embodiment, the heating chamber ii is provided with six side surfaces, each of which is provided with two sets of microwave generators iii, where the side surfaces are a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface, a fourth side surface, a fifth side surface, and a sixth side surface; the microwave generator iii comprises: the first microwave generator 1 and the second microwave generator 2 are distributed on the first side surface from bottom to top; a third microwave generator 3 and a fourth microwave generator 4 which are distributed on the second side surface from bottom to top; a fifth microwave generator 5 and a sixth microwave generator 6 which are distributed on the third side surface from bottom to top; the seventh microwave generator 7 and the eighth microwave generator 8 are distributed on the fourth side from bottom to top; a ninth microwave generator 9 and a tenth microwave generator 10 which are distributed on the fifth side surface from bottom to top; an eleventh microwave generator 11 and a twelfth microwave generator 12 which are distributed on the sixth side surface from bottom to top. The microwave generators III are uniformly distributed on the side wall, and can be adjusted in the center of the primary blank, particularly in the complex thin-wall and cantilever beam structure in a partition and position-division manner, so that the heating uniformity is improved.
The quartz glass tool is located at the circle center of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon of the heating bin II and is suitable for placing an initial blank of the 3D printing coating, and the initial blank is filled and covered by glass beads in the quartz glass tool. And a rotating support VI is arranged at the bottom of the quartz glass tool and is suitable for controlling the rotation of the primary blank. The quartz glass tool can bear 300kg of weight of the precoated sand, can penetrate through electromagnetic waves, reduces electromagnetic reflection, has no energy loss and is high in utilization rate.
The microwave curing apparatus further comprises: an electric heating system IV arranged at the bottom of the heating bin II and a circulating exhaust fan V positioned at the top of the center of the heating bin II. And the circulating exhaust fan V is arranged right above the center of the primary blank, so that the local overheating of the primary blank can be reduced, and the distribution and the uniform heating of a cavity radiation field are ensured. After the material temperature reaches the set temperature, no longer use microwave heating, adopt electric heating system IV to maintain the temperature of whole heating bunker II, electric heating is from outside inside transmission, can directly not heat the material center, on the one hand, avoids microwave to close back temperature drop on the other hand, prevents the inside heat gathering of tectorial membrane sand primary blank, the high temperature.
In another aspect, a curing method based on the rapid microwave curing equipment for 3D printing precoated sand comprises the following steps:
selecting approximately spherical precoated sand powder as a printing material, and sintering the sieved precoated sand by adopting SLS (selective laser sintering) rapid forming equipment to prepare a primary blank; putting the primary blank into a special microwave curing quartz glass tool, and filling and covering the primary blank with glass beads; setting curing parameters according to the size and the structure of the product; the curing parameters comprise the starting sequence, the number, the position and the time of the microwave generators III, the electric heating temperature and the electric heating time; for large-size primary blanks, stopping microwave heating after the microwave reaches a preset temperature, maintaining the whole heating bin II at the preset temperature by using an electric heating system IV, cooling to the temperature of 40-50 ℃ along with the furnace after heating is stopped, and turning off each power supply I.
The method for calculating the curing parameters comprises the following steps: obtaining an electromagnetic field and a thermal field of microwave curing precoated sand based on the primary blank model; analyzing the electromagnetic field and the thermal field by adopting sequential coupling optimization to obtain the temperature distribution of the microwave electromagnetic field and realize the prediction of the precoated sand temperature-rising rule; and obtaining the optimal microwave heating parameters of the precoated sand primary blank.
Specifically, a finite element unit is adopted to adopt a self-adaptive grid for an initial blank model, then conditions are applied to the unit, namely, the heat conductivity coefficient of the glass beads is selected to be 0.195-0.21 according to the change rule of the heat conductivity coefficient of the ceramic glass beads under microwave, the sequence, the number and the action time of a microwave generator III are selected, and the distribution of an electromagnetic field and a temperature field is calculated. Because the electromagnetic field has great influence on the temperature field and the temperature field has little influence on the electromagnetic field, a sequential coupling method is adopted when the temperature distribution is solved, namely, the electromagnetic analysis is firstly carried out, and then the result of the electromagnetic field analysis is used for the temperature field analysis. Then, a preliminary prediction is obtained through a time-varying law curve of the temperature of the full-power central region, and the result is referred to fig. 7. In addition, as the central heat accumulation is too fast along with the increase of the size of the primary blank, the heating is not uniform, so that the experimental verification is respectively carried out on materials with different sizes, the sequence of the microwave generators needs to be selected and controlled, the result is obtained through simulation again, the experimental verification is carried out again, and the overlapping is repeated, so that different parameters with different sizes can be obtained.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
A3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing method comprises the following steps:
Step 2, using microwave curing equipment: putting the primary blank into a special microwave curing quartz glass tool, and filling and covering the primary blank with glass beads;
step 3, microwave curing: sequentially starting 12 microwave generators, and setting the time for 5min for 30s; after the heating is stopped, the furnace is cooled to 40-50 ℃, and all power supplies are turned off.
Example 2
A3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing method comprises the following steps:
Step 2, using microwave curing equipment: putting the primary blank into a special microwave curing quartz glass tool, and filling and covering the primary blank with glass beads;
step 3, microwave curing: starting a first microwave generator, a second microwave generator, a fifth microwave generator, a sixth microwave generator, a ninth microwave generator and a tenth microwave generator, setting the time to be 3 mm, and then starting the rest microwave generators, and setting the time to be 6min; after the heating is stopped, the furnace is cooled to 40-50 ℃, and all power supplies are turned off.
Example 3
A3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing method comprises the following steps:
Step 2, using microwave curing equipment: putting the primary blank into a special microwave curing quartz glass tool, and filling and covering the primary blank with glass beads;
step 3, microwave curing: starting a first microwave generator, a fourth microwave generator, a fifth microwave generator, an eighth microwave generator, a ninth microwave generator and a twelfth microwave generator of the microwave generators, setting the time to be 4min for 30s, and then starting the rest microwave generators, and setting the time to be 8min; and finally, starting an electric heating system, and setting the temperature to be 200 ℃ for 10min. After the heating is stopped, the furnace is cooled to 40-50 ℃, and all power supplies are turned off.
Example 4
A3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing method comprises the following steps:
Step 2, using microwave curing equipment: putting the primary blank into a special microwave curing quartz glass tool, and filling and covering the primary blank with glass beads;
step 3, microwave curing: and starting the fourth microwave generator, the fifth microwave generator, the eighth microwave generator and the ninth microwave generator, setting the time to be 3mim, starting the first microwave generator, the sixth microwave generator, the tenth microwave generator and the eleventh microwave generator of the microwave generators, setting the time to be 4mim, and finally starting the rest microwave generators, and setting the time to be 5mim. After the heating is stopped, the furnace is cooled to 40-50 ℃, and all power supplies are turned off.
Example of detection
After the product obtained in example 1 is cured, the product is aligned and sliced, referring to fig. 8, wherein the left side of the figure is a slice of the product obtained by traditional electric heating, and the curing time is 12 hours; the right picture is a picture of a product section obtained in example 1, the curing time required being 6min.
It can be seen that the curing uniformity of the product obtained in example 1 is better than that of the conventional electric heating, and from the appearance, the product obtained by the curing method of the present invention has a consistent light yellow outer surface (grey in fig. 8), while the outer surface of the product obtained by the conventional curing method has a dark brown color (dark grey in fig. 8), indicating that the surface layer is excessively baked and the strength is lower than that of the microwave curing.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (6)
1. A curing method of 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment is characterized in that,
the apparatus comprises:
a box body;
the heating bin is arranged in the box body, and the longitudinal section of the heating bin is a regular polygon;
the quartz glass tool is positioned at the center of a circle circumscribed by the regular polygon of the heating bin and is suitable for placing an initial blank for 3D printing of the coating;
the microwave generators are provided with a plurality of groups, are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the heating bin, are right opposite to the quartz glass tool and can be adjusted in a partition and position-by-position mode;
the electric heating system is arranged at the bottom of the heating bin;
the method comprises the following steps:
selecting approximately spherical precoated sand powder as a printing material, and sintering the sieved precoated sand by adopting SLS (selective laser sintering) rapid forming equipment to prepare a primary blank;
putting the primary blank into a microwave quartz glass curing tool, and filling glass beads to cover the primary blank;
setting curing parameters according to the size and the structure of the product, and heating and curing the primary blank; the curing parameters comprise the starting sequence, number, position and time of the microwave generators, the electric heating temperature and the electric heating time;
stopping microwave heating after the microwave reaches a preset temperature, and maintaining the whole heating chamber at the preset temperature by using an electric heating system;
after the heating is stopped, the furnace is cooled to 40-50 ℃, and all power supplies are turned off.
2. The curing method of the 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the microwave curing equipment further comprises a circulating exhaust fan positioned at the top of the center of the heating bin.
3. The curing method of the 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a rotating support is arranged at the bottom of the quartz glass tooling and is suitable for controlling the rotation of the primary blank.
4. The curing method of the 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the curing parameters comprises the following steps:
obtaining an electromagnetic field and a thermal field of microwave curing precoated sand based on the primary blank model;
analyzing the electromagnetic field and the thermal field by adopting sequential coupling optimization to obtain the temperature distribution of the microwave electromagnetic field and realize the prediction of the precoated sand temperature rising rule;
and obtaining the optimal microwave heating parameters of the precoated sand primary blank.
5. The curing method of the rapid microwave curing equipment for the 3D printing precoated sand according to claim 1, wherein the heating bin is provided with six side surfaces, two groups of microwave generators are arranged on each side surface, and the side surfaces are a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface, a fourth side surface, a fifth side surface and a sixth side surface respectively;
the microwave generator includes: the first microwave generator and the second microwave generator are distributed on the first side surface from bottom to top; a third microwave generator and a fourth microwave generator which are distributed on the second side surface from bottom to top; the fifth microwave generator and the sixth microwave generator are distributed on the third side surface from bottom to top; the seventh microwave generator and the eighth microwave generator are distributed on the fourth side from bottom to top; the ninth microwave generator and the tenth microwave generator are distributed on the fifth side surface from bottom to top; the eleventh microwave generator and the twelfth microwave generator are distributed on the sixth side surface from bottom to top.
6. The curing method of the 3D printing precoated sand rapid microwave curing equipment according to claim 5,
starting 12 microwave generators in sequence for 5min30s when the size of the primary blank is within 200 × 150mm; or,
starting a first microwave generator, a second microwave generator, a fifth microwave generator, a sixth microwave generator, a ninth microwave generator and a tenth microwave generator for setting the time to be 3mim when the size of the initial blank is between 200 × 150mm and 400 × 300mm, and then starting the rest of the microwave generators for setting the time to be 6min; or,
starting a first microwave generator, a fourth microwave generator, a fifth microwave generator, an eighth microwave generator, a ninth microwave generator and a twelfth microwave generator of the microwave generators for the initial blank with the size of more than 400 × 300mm, setting the time to be 4min for 30s, and then starting the rest microwave generators for 8min; finally, starting an electric heating system, and setting the temperature to be 200 ℃ for 10min; or,
for the primary blank structure with the thin-wall cantilever beam structure, the fourth microwave generator, the fifth microwave generator, the eighth microwave generator and the ninth microwave generator are started firstly, the time is set to be 3mim, then the first microwave generator, the sixth microwave generator, the tenth microwave generator and the eleventh microwave generator are started, the time is set to be 4mim, and finally the rest of the microwave generators are started, and the time is set to be 5mim.
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