CN113893018A - Tension screw for femoral neck fracture and use method thereof - Google Patents
Tension screw for femoral neck fracture and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113893018A CN113893018A CN202111088183.3A CN202111088183A CN113893018A CN 113893018 A CN113893018 A CN 113893018A CN 202111088183 A CN202111088183 A CN 202111088183A CN 113893018 A CN113893018 A CN 113893018A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- component
- nail
- femoral neck
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 208000020089 femoral neck fracture Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 210000002436 femur neck Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008407 joint function Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000472 traumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B2017/8655—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor with special features for locking in the bone
Abstract
The invention provides a lag screw for femoral neck fracture and a using method thereof, wherein the lag screw comprises a hollow screw component, an inner screw component and an outer screw component; the outer surface of the far end of the hollow screw component is provided with a first threaded part, and the near end of the hollow screw component is provided with a cavity; the outer nail component is hollow, and the outer surface of the outer nail component is provided with a second threaded part; the external thread of the internal nail component is matched with the internal thread of the cavity; the near end of the inner nail component is provided with a positioning seat, the outer diameter of the positioning seat is larger than the inner diameter of the outer nail component, and the inner diameter of the outer nail component is larger than the near end outer diameter of the hollow screw component. According to the invention, the hollow screw assembly and the outer screw assembly are matched in structure, so that the hollow screw assembly and the outer screw assembly can move relatively within a certain distance range, and the screw can be withdrawn in the fracture healing process; meanwhile, due to the limitation of the inner nail component, the aims of effectively controlling the nail withdrawing distance and preventing the excessive shortening are fulfilled, and the problem that the hip joint function of the human body is influenced by the shortening of the neck of the femur is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a medical instrument, in particular to a lag screw for femoral neck fracture and a using method thereof.
Background
Femoral neck fractures can be divided into three types according to anatomical parts: underhead, transcervical, and basal. Among them, the subcephalic type and transcervical type belong to the intraarticular capsule fracture, while the basal type belongs to the extraarticular capsule fracture. Femoral neck fractures may occur in all ages, but are most common in the elderly over 50 years of age. Since it often occurs on the basis of osteoporosis, minor traumatic violence can result. And fracture of femoral neck in middle and young age is often caused by great violence. The disability rate and the fatality rate of femoral neck fracture are high, and the disability rate and the fatality rate become one of the main threats to the reduction of the life quality or the death of the old.
At the present medical level, lag screws are commonly used in the treatment of femoral neck fractures. The tension screws mainly used at the present stage include a full-thread tension screw and a half-thread tension screw. As shown in fig. 5, the full-thread lag screw is mainly characterized in that the surface of the screw is provided with threads, and the threads on the outer surface of the screw are distributed in various ways according to different specific models; as shown in fig. 6, the half-thread screw is mainly characterized in that only the head has partial threads, and the rest are smooth screw rods which can slide in the fracture block.
In the fracture healing process, part of patients can absorb bone at the fracture end; the use of full-thread screws can increase the fracture gap and eventually the fracture does not heal; although the half-thread screw can eliminate the gap caused by absorption due to the existence of the screw withdrawing, the distance of the screw withdrawing cannot be effectively controlled, if the screw withdrawing is too much absorbed, the femoral neck is finally shortened seriously, and the function of the hip joint of the human body is influenced. Clinical studies have shown that shortening the neck of the femur by more than 10mm severely affects joint function and eventually has to undergo joint replacement.
In conclusion, it is very important to provide a tension screw which can be withdrawn but can prevent the tension screw from being shortened excessively.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a lag screw for femoral neck fracture and a using method thereof to achieve the aim.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a lag screw for femoral neck fractures, comprising a cannulated screw assembly, an inner nail assembly, and an outer nail assembly; the outer surface of the far end of the hollow screw component is provided with a first threaded part, and the near end of the hollow screw component is provided with a cavity; the outer nail component is hollow inside, and a second threaded part is arranged on the outer surface of the outer nail component; the external thread of the internal nail component is matched with the internal thread of the cavity; the proximal end of the inner screw assembly is provided with a positioning seat, the outer diameter of the positioning seat is larger than the inner diameter of the outer screw assembly, and the inner diameter of the outer screw assembly is larger than the proximal end outer diameter of the hollow screw assembly.
Preferably, the cavity extends through the hollow screw assembly.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the positioning seat is smaller than that of the outer nail assembly.
Preferably, the proximal end face of the hollow screw assembly is provided with a first countersunk groove.
Further, the shape of the first sinking groove is one of square, hexagon and quincunx.
Preferably, a second sunk groove is formed in the proximal end face of the positioning seat of the inner nail assembly.
Further, the shape of the second sinking groove is one of square, hexagon and quincunx.
Preferably, the proximal end face of the outer nail assembly is provided with a third sunken groove.
Further, the shape of the third sinking groove is one of square, hexagon and quincunx.
Preferably, the first threaded part and the external thread of the internal nail assembly have the same rotation direction.
Preferably, the first threaded portion is engaged with the distal fracture end and the second threaded portion is engaged with the proximal fracture end
In a second aspect, the invention provides a use method of the tension screw for femoral neck fracture, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: sleeving the outer nail component on the proximal end of the hollow screw component;
step S2: inserting the distal end of the inner pin assembly into the cavity, and adjusting the distance between the first threaded portion and the second threaded portion by rotating the inner pin assembly.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the hollow screw assembly and the outer screw assembly are matched in structure, so that the hollow screw assembly and the outer screw assembly can move relatively within a certain distance range, and the screw can be withdrawn in the fracture healing process; meanwhile, due to the limitation of the inner nail component, the aims of effectively controlling the nail withdrawing distance and preventing the excessive shortening are fulfilled, and the problem that the hip joint function of the human body is influenced by the shortening of the neck of the femur is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lag screw for femoral neck fracture according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cannulated screw assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the inner pin assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an outer nail assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a prior art full-thread lag screw;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a prior art half-thread lag screw;
the symbols in the drawings indicate the description:
1-cannulated screw assembly, 11-first threaded portion, 12-cavity, 13-internal thread,
2-internal screw component, 21-external screw thread, 22-positioning seat, 23-internal top rod,
3-external nail component, 31-second thread part.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the following examples to facilitate better understanding of the present invention, but the following examples do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a lag screw for femoral neck fractures, as shown in fig. 1-4, comprising a cannulated screw assembly 1, an inner pin assembly 2, and an outer pin assembly 3. In specific application, the hollow screw component 1 is matched with a far-end fracture end, and the outer nail component 3 is matched with a near-end fracture end.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the hollow screw assembly 1 is a round rod-shaped structure, the outer surface of the distal end of the hollow screw assembly 1 is provided with a section of thread forming a first threaded portion 11, the proximal end is provided with a cavity 12, and the inner surface of the cavity 12 is provided with an internal thread 13 which is matched with an external thread 21 of the inner nail assembly 2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the inner pin assembly 2 is a pin-shaped structure, and includes an inner post rod 23 and a positioning seat 22. The external thread 21 of the outer surface of the inner carrier rod 23 is matched with the internal thread 13 of the cavity 12. The positioning seat 22 is fixed at the near end of the inner mandril 23, and the outer diameter of the positioning seat 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the outer nail component 3, smaller than the outer diameter of the inner diameter of the outer nail component 3 and larger than the near end outer diameter of the hollow screw component 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the outer nail assembly 3 is a tubular structure, which is hollow inside and has an outer surface provided with threads to form a second threaded portion 21.
In a specific embodiment, the cavity 12 is coaxial with the hollow screw assembly 1, and the cavity 12 may extend through the hollow screw assembly 1 such that the hollow screw assembly 1 forms a hollow tubular structure; the cavity 12 may also be located only inside the proximal end of the hollow screw assembly 1.
In a particular embodiment, the proximal end face of the hollow screw assembly 1 is provided with a first countersunk groove. Further, the shape of the first sinking groove is one of square, hexagon and quincunx. An operator applies force to the first sinking groove through the auxiliary tool to drive the hollow screw component 1 to rotate to enter the fracture end.
In a specific embodiment, the proximal end face of the inner pin assembly 2 is provided with a second countersunk groove. Further, the shape of the first sinking groove is one of square, hexagon and quincunx. An operator applies force on the second sunken groove through an auxiliary tool, the inner nail component 2 rotates to enter the hollow screw component 1, the distance between the first thread part 11 and the second thread part 31 is adjusted, pressure is applied to the two fracture ends, and the fracture ends are continuously drawn close. When the fracture gap is increased due to the absorption of bone at the fracture end, the hollow screw component 1 slides relative to the outer nail component 3, and further pressurization is realized. Meanwhile, when the fracture end is excessively absorbed, the positioning seat 22 abuts against the near end of the outer nail component 3, and further nail withdrawing is avoided.
In a specific embodiment, the proximal end face of the outer pin assembly 3 is provided with a third countersunk groove. Further, the shape of the first sinking groove is one of square, hexagon and quincunx. An operator applies force on the third sunk groove through an auxiliary tool, and the outer nail component 3 is sleeved on the proximal end of the hollow screw component 1 and is simultaneously nailed into the proximal fracture end.
In a specific embodiment, the first threaded portion 11 and the external thread 21 of the internal nail assembly 2 rotate in the same direction.
In a particular embodiment, the first threaded portion 11 engages the distal fracture end and the second threaded portion 31 engages the proximal fracture end.
In a specific implementation mode, because the position of femoral neck fracture in the human body has the variety, the hollow screw component 1 and the internal nail component 2 both have various lengths in advance, and during the operation, the position of femoral neck fracture is measured, and the parts with corresponding lengths are selected, so that the internal fixation effect is ensured.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a use method of the lag screw for femoral neck fracture in embodiment 1, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: driving the hollow screw assembly 1 until the first threaded portion 11 is driven into the distal fracture end;
step S2: sleeving the outer screw component 3 on the proximal end of the hollow screw component 1, and simultaneously nailing the outer screw component into the proximal fracture end;
step S3: the distal end of the internal nail component 2 is inserted into the cavity 12, the distance between the first thread part 11 and the second thread part 31 is reduced through thread matching adjustment, and pressure is applied to two fracture ends to be continuously drawn close.
When the fracture gap is increased due to the absorption of bone at the fracture end, the hollow screw component 1 slides relative to the outer nail component 3, and further pressurization is realized. Meanwhile, when the fracture end is excessively absorbed, the positioning seat 22 abuts against the near end of the outer nail component 3, and further nail withdrawing is avoided.
According to the invention, the hollow screw assembly and the outer screw assembly are matched in structure, so that the hollow screw assembly and the outer screw assembly can move relatively within a certain distance range, and the screw can be withdrawn in the fracture healing process; meanwhile, due to the limitation of the inner nail component, the aims of effectively controlling the nail withdrawing distance and preventing the excessive shortening are fulfilled, and the problem that the hip joint function of the human body is influenced by the shortening of the neck of the femur is solved.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A lag screw for femoral neck fracture is characterized by comprising a hollow screw component (1), an inner nail component (2) and an outer nail component (3); wherein, the outer surface of the far end of the hollow screw component (1) is provided with a first thread part (11), and the near end of the hollow screw component (1) is provided with a cavity (12); the outer nail component (3) is hollow, and a second threaded part (31) is arranged on the outer surface of the outer nail component; the external thread (21) of the internal nail component 2 is matched with the internal thread (13) of the cavity (12); the proximal end of the inner screw component (2) is provided with a positioning seat (22), the outer diameter of the positioning seat (22) is larger than the inner diameter of the outer screw component (3), and the inner diameter of the outer screw component (3) is larger than the proximal end outer diameter of the hollow screw component (1).
2. A lag screw for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (12) extends through the cannulated screw assembly (1).
3. Lag screw for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer diameter of the positioning socket (22) is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer nail assembly (3).
4. Pull screw for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the proximal end face of the cannulated screw assembly (1) is provided with a first countersunk groove.
5. A lag screw for femoral neck fracture according to claim 4, wherein the first undercut has a shape of one of square, hexagon, quincunx.
6. Pull screw for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the proximal face of the positioning socket (22) of the inner nail assembly (2) is provided with a second countersunk groove.
7. A lag screw for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the proximal end face of the outer nail assembly (3) is provided with a third countersunk groove.
8. Pull screw for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the first threaded portion (11) and the external thread (21) of the inner nail assembly (2) have the same direction of rotation.
9. A lag screw for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, wherein the first threaded portion (11) mates with a distal fracture end and the second threaded portion (31) mates with a proximal fracture end.
10. Use of a lag screw for femoral neck fractures according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising in particular the steps of:
step S1: sleeving the outer screw component (3) on the proximal end of the hollow screw component (1);
step S2: inserting the distal end of the internal nail assembly (2) into the cavity (12), and adjusting the distance between the first threaded part (11) and the second threaded part (31) by rotating the internal nail assembly (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111088183.3A CN113893018A (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Tension screw for femoral neck fracture and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111088183.3A CN113893018A (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Tension screw for femoral neck fracture and use method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113893018A true CN113893018A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111088183.3A Pending CN113893018A (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Tension screw for femoral neck fracture and use method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113893018A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4640271A (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1987-02-03 | Zimmer, Inc. | Bone screw |
| TW200924701A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-16 | Intai Technology Corp | Separation type intramedullary nail device |
| US20140214034A1 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | Fady Rayes | Cannulated telescopic femoral neck screw device and related fixation method |
| FR3013581A1 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-29 | Iceram | COMPRESSIVE CEPHALIC SCREW FOR ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY |
| RU188428U1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-04-11 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Сахил" | SCREW FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS OF THE FEMORAL NECK |
| CN112790849A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 南方医科大学 | Two-way pressurization limit for a distance slip screw of thighbone neck and screwdriver |
-
2021
- 2021-09-16 CN CN202111088183.3A patent/CN113893018A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4640271A (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1987-02-03 | Zimmer, Inc. | Bone screw |
| TW200924701A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-16 | Intai Technology Corp | Separation type intramedullary nail device |
| US20140214034A1 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | Fady Rayes | Cannulated telescopic femoral neck screw device and related fixation method |
| FR3013581A1 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-29 | Iceram | COMPRESSIVE CEPHALIC SCREW FOR ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY |
| RU188428U1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-04-11 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Сахил" | SCREW FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS OF THE FEMORAL NECK |
| CN112790849A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 南方医科大学 | Two-way pressurization limit for a distance slip screw of thighbone neck and screwdriver |
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