CN113891379A - BIM + GIS-based method for simulating railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction - Google Patents
BIM + GIS-based method for simulating railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN113891379A CN113891379A CN202111073832.2A CN202111073832A CN113891379A CN 113891379 A CN113891379 A CN 113891379A CN 202111073832 A CN202111073832 A CN 202111073832A CN 113891379 A CN113891379 A CN 113891379A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/06—Testing, supervising or monitoring using simulated traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
- H04W4/42—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for mass transport vehicles, e.g. buses, trains or aircraft
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building method of a planning base station for simulating signal coverage of a railway wireless communication network based on BIM + GIS, which simulates the signal coverage of the railway all-line wireless network by constructing a 3D visual railway line model and a wireless channel model, exchanging and combining BIM information in the micro field and GIS information in the macro field, fusing the BIM + GIS, the wireless channel model and other technologies, planning the station address of the railway line wireless communication network base station, and achieving the purposes of reducing signal blind areas, reducing signal co-frequency interference, reasonably planning, saving resources and reducing construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling, in particular to a method for simulating railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction based on BIM + GIS.
Background
Along with the high-speed construction development of railways in China, the situations that communication base station construction deals with complex terrains such as plains, hills, plateaus, mountains and cities are more and more, and meanwhile, due to the complex terrain environment, the design and investigation difficulty is improved, the design period is prolonged, the base station construction is unreasonable, a large number of blind areas occur, secondary base station construction is needed for eliminating the later period of a weak signal area, the problems that the expected construction cost is exceeded and the like also frequently occur, and the difficulty is not small in the arrangement and construction of the communication base stations.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for simulating the building of a railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station based on BIM + GIS.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for constructing a signal coverage planning base station based on a BIM + GIS simulated railway wireless communication network is constructed, and comprises the following steps:
building a 3D visual railway line model by using three-dimensional modeling software, and extracting coordinate information of a corresponding railway planning line from a basic database;
constructing a wireless channel model, determining transmission power and field intensity according to the path transmission loss of a wireless signal in the 3D visual railway line model, and further determining the transmission loss of a wireless channel;
based on the transmission loss of a wireless channel, the antenna parameters in the 3D visual railway line model are adjusted, and the effective area full-line signal coverage of the 3D visual railway line model is realized.
Wherein, in the step of adjusting antenna parameters in the 3D visual railway line model, the adjusted antenna parameter types at least include: antenna downtilt, azimuth, and device power parameters.
The path transmission loss formula of the wireless signal in the open zone is expressed as follows:
Lp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)
-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
wherein f represents frequency, hbRepresents the height of the base station to the contour, hmThe height from a receiving point to a contour line is shown, d represents the radial distance, and delta 1 and delta 2 are correction coefficients of propagation loss under different terrains.
Wherein the received power is calculated based on the path transmission loss of the wireless signal, and the formula is expressed as:
Pr=Pt-Lp+Gb+Gm-Lb-Lm-Ld
wherein, PtThe output power of a transmitter of a base station or a repeater; l ispIs the electric wave path transmission loss; gbGain for the transmit antenna; gmIs the gain of the receiving antenna; l isbFeeder loss for a base station or repeater; l ismLoss for the receive antenna; l isdThe duplexer loss is transmitted.
Wherein the formula for calculating the field strength based on the received power is represented as:
Er=Pr+113
Erthe value of (d) is the field strength.
The formula of the transmission loss of the wireless channel of the station area base station or the repeater is as follows: l isp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)
-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
The formula of the wireless channel transmission loss of the base station or the repeater in the bridge area is as follows: l isp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)
-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
The formula of the transmission loss of the wireless channel of the base station or the repeater in the tunnel is as follows:
Pr(d)=Pin-d*S-(P+L1+L2+L3+L4+L5),d<R
the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a leakage cable, wherein Pin is input end injection power of the leakage cable, S is feeder loss per meter, d is length of the tunnel leakage cable, L1 is coupling loss of the leakage cable, L2 is human body fading, L3 is a width factor, L4 is attenuation allowance, L5 is vehicle body loss, and R is maximum coverage distance of the tunnel leakage cable.
The maximum coverage distance R of the tunnel leaky cable is expressed as follows:
R=(Pin-(P+L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/S
where P is the field strength required to cover the edge.
Different from the prior art, the building method for simulating the railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station based on the BIM + GIS provided by the invention has the advantages that the 3D visual railway line model and the wireless channel model are built, the BIM information in the micro field and the GIS information in the macro field are exchanged and combined, the technology such as the BIM + GIS, the wireless channel model and the like is fused to simulate the railway all-line wireless network signal coverage, the railway line wireless communication network base station site is planned, and the purposes of reducing the signal blind area, reducing the signal same frequency interference, reasonably planning, saving resources and reducing the construction cost are achieved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for simulating the construction of a railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station based on BIM + GIS provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a logic schematic diagram of a method for simulating railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction based on BIM + GIS provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawings 1 and 2, the invention provides a method for simulating railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction based on BIM + GIS, which comprises the following steps:
building a 3D visual railway line model by using three-dimensional modeling software, and extracting coordinate information of a corresponding railway planning line from a basic database;
constructing a wireless channel model, determining transmission power and field intensity according to the path transmission loss of a wireless signal in the 3D visual railway line model, and further determining the transmission loss of a wireless channel;
based on the transmission loss of a wireless channel, the antenna parameters in the 3D visual railway line model are adjusted, and the effective area full-line signal coverage of the 3D visual railway line model is realized.
In order to improve the coverage effectiveness of wireless signals along the railway, reduce the construction cost of communication equipment, ensure the safety of railway transportation production and improve the transportation efficiency, the technology provides a method for simulating the construction of a railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station based on BIM + GIS, and the simulation of the base station construction signal coverage on a PC terminal is realized.
The invention establishes a basic database, stores coordinate information of a railway planning line, simulates a railway line through 3D visualization, acquires base station equipment information, provides modeling data information for a BIM family library, provides data support for channel model calculation, and acquires geographic data information to further improve the accuracy of a channel model and reduce blind areas. The BIM model library stores a model established by providing base station equipment data by a basic database, comprises remote stations, common base stations and railway station platforms, and realizes simulated display coverage at a PC terminal by adjusting the position and the angle and combining the BIM + GIS, wireless channel models and other technologies.
The method comprises the steps of selecting a line and a scheme to be planned, simulating a current full-line signal coverage effective area by a terminal, carrying out fuzzy search on a positioning base station, calling out a data panel, adjusting an antenna downward inclination angle, a direction angle and equipment power parameters in the panel, calculating the coverage effective area through an independently researched and optimized channel model, realizing dynamic change of the effective area, and calculating a same-frequency interference value by clicking any point of the coverage effective area to ensure a coverage area signal. The channel model is obtained through actual measurement, fitting and correction of various environments on the basis of an Okumura-Hata model, has the characteristics of wide application range, accurate prediction and high reliability, and has good effect in different scenes in different regions in China. Finally, the adjusted station address of the full-line base station and the equipment data are exported, and construction are facilitated to be used as reference bases.
Through basic data, a foundation for planning a wireless network to cover a railway is established, and railway full-line wireless network base stations are displayed to construct a three-dimensional GIS map according to collected planning line geographic data, railway planning line and equipment data, a channel model is fused to display effective coverage areas of all the base stations, co-channel interference values and field intensities in the areas are calculated, parameters of selected base station equipment are adjusted, signal coverage area changes are achieved, and an ideal full-line signal coverage scheme is achieved.
Wherein, in the step of adjusting antenna parameters in the 3D visual railway line model, the adjusted antenna parameter types at least include: antenna downtilt, azimuth, and device power parameters.
The establishment and prediction of the wireless channel model are important contents of the design and planning of the GSM-R system network. The modeling of the wireless channel mainly considers factors of three aspects, namely amplitude fading, spectrum spreading, multipath time delay and the like, and the wireless channel propagation model traditionally focuses on prediction of average field intensity in a given range and change of the average field intensity at a specific position. The large-scale propagation model describes the field intensity change of hundreds of meters or thousands of meters in a long distance between a transmitter and a receiver, and research focuses on the path loss of a wireless signal.
The path transmission loss formula of the wireless signal in the open zone is expressed as follows:
Lp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)
-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
wherein f represents frequency, hbRepresents the height of the base station to the contour, hmThe height from a receiving point to a contour line is shown, d represents the radial distance, and delta 1 and delta 2 are correction coefficients of propagation loss under different terrains.
Wherein the received power is calculated based on the path transmission loss of the wireless signal, and the formula is expressed as:
Pr=Pt-Lp+Gb+Gm-Lb-Lm-Ld
wherein, PtThe output power of a transmitter of a base station or a repeater; l ispIs the electric wave path transmission loss; gbGain for the transmit antenna; gmIs the gain of the receiving antenna; l isbFeeder loss for a base station or repeater; l ismLoss for the receive antenna; l isdThe duplexer loss is transmitted.
Wherein the formula for calculating the field strength based on the received power is represented as:
Er=Pr+113
Erthe value of (d) is the field strength.
The formula of the transmission loss of the wireless channel of the station area base station or the repeater is as follows:
Lp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)
-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
the formula of the wireless channel transmission loss of the base station or the repeater in the bridge area is as follows:
Lp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)
-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
the formula of the transmission loss of the wireless channel of the base station or the repeater in the tunnel is as follows:
Pr(d)=Pin-d*S-(P+L1+L2+L3+L4+L5),d<R
the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a leakage cable, wherein Pin is input end injection power of the leakage cable, S is feeder loss per meter, d is length of the tunnel leakage cable, L1 is coupling loss of the leakage cable, L2 is human body fading, L3 is a width factor, L4 is attenuation allowance, L5 is vehicle body loss, and R is maximum coverage distance of the tunnel leakage cable.
The maximum coverage distance R of the tunnel leaky cable is expressed as follows:
R=(Pin-(P+L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/S
p is the field strength required to cover the edge.
In other embodiments of the invention, the original scheme can be adjusted and stored, a plurality of planning schemes are stored in each line, simulation test is selected, and the final scheme is exported and stored, so that the method is convenient for field construction.
Different from the prior art, the building method for simulating the railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station based on the BIM + GIS provided by the invention has the advantages that the 3D visual railway line model and the wireless channel model are built, the BIM information in the micro field and the GIS information in the macro field are exchanged and combined, the technology such as the BIM + GIS, the wireless channel model and the like is fused to simulate the railway all-line wireless network signal coverage, the railway line wireless communication network base station site is planned, and the purposes of reducing the signal blind area, reducing the signal same frequency interference, reasonably planning, saving resources and reducing the construction cost are achieved.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for simulating railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction based on BIM + GIS is characterized by comprising the following steps:
building a 3D visual railway line model by using three-dimensional modeling software, and extracting coordinate information of a corresponding railway planning line from a basic database;
constructing a wireless channel model, determining transmission power and field intensity according to the path transmission loss of a wireless signal in the 3D visual railway line model, and further determining the transmission loss of a wireless channel;
based on the transmission loss of a wireless channel, the antenna parameters in the 3D visual railway line model are adjusted, and the effective area full-line signal coverage of the 3D visual railway line model is realized.
2. The BIM + GIS-based simulated railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of adjusting the antenna parameters in the 3D visual railway line model, the adjusted antenna parameter types at least include: antenna downtilt, azimuth, and device power parameters.
3. The BIM + GIS-based simulated railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction method according to claim 1, wherein the path transmission loss formula of the wireless signals in the open area is represented as:
Lp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
wherein f represents frequency, hbRepresents the height of the base station to the contour, hmThe height from a receiving point to a contour line is shown, d represents the radial distance, and delta 1 and delta 2 are correction coefficients of propagation loss under different terrains.
4. The BIM + GIS-based simulated railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction method according to claim 3, wherein the received power is calculated based on the path transmission loss of the wireless signal, and the formula is represented as:
Pr=Pt-Lp+Gb+Gm-Lb-Lm-Ld
wherein, PtThe output power of a transmitter of a base station or a repeater; l ispIs the electric wave path transmission loss; gbGain for the transmit antenna; gmIs the gain of the receiving antenna; l isbFeeder loss for a base station or repeater; l ismLoss for the receive antenna; l isdThe duplexer loss is transmitted.
5. The BIM + GIS-based simulated railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction method according to claim 4, wherein the formula for calculating the field strength based on the received power is represented as:
Er=Pr+113
Erthe value of (d) is the field strength.
6. The BIM + GIS-based simulated railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction method according to claim 5,
the formula of the transmission loss of the wireless channel of the station area base station or the repeater is as follows:
Lp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
the formula of the wireless channel transmission loss of the base station or the repeater in the bridge area is as follows:
Lp=Δ1+74.52+26.26log10(f)-13.82log10(hb)-3.2(log10(11.75hm))2+[44.9-6.55log10(hb)+Δ2]*log10(d)
the formula of the transmission loss of the wireless channel of the base station or the repeater in the tunnel is as follows:
Pr(d)=Pin-d*S-(P+L1+L2+L3+L4+L5),d<R
the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a leakage cable, wherein Pin is input end injection power of the leakage cable, S is feeder loss per meter, d is length of the tunnel leakage cable, L1 is coupling loss of the leakage cable, L2 is human body fading, L3 is a width factor, L4 is attenuation allowance, L5 is vehicle body loss, and R is maximum coverage distance of the tunnel leakage cable.
7. The BIM + GIS-based simulated railway wireless communication network signal coverage planning base station construction method according to claim 6, wherein the maximum coverage distance R of a tunnel leaky cable is expressed by a formula:
R=(Pin-(P+L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/S
where P is the field strength required to cover the edge.
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CN115297489A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏博智工程咨询有限公司 | BIM-based digital information transmission device for mobile communication |
CN115643585A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-01-24 | 广东宜通衡睿科技有限公司 | Mobile network signal coverage blind area calculation method, device, equipment and medium |
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