CN113891148A - Screen-casting live broadcast method and system based on UDP (user Datagram protocol) and multicast - Google Patents
Screen-casting live broadcast method and system based on UDP (user Datagram protocol) and multicast Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/436—Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
- H04N21/43615—Interfacing a Home Network, e.g. for connecting the client to a plurality of peripherals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/436—Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
- H04N21/4363—Adapting the video or multiplex stream to a specific local network, e.g. a IEEE 1394 or Bluetooth® network
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Abstract
The invention discloses a screen-casting live broadcast method and a system based on UDP and multicast, wherein the method comprises the following steps: dynamically generating a multicast address through a multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to the access number of a receiving end; the anchor terminal carries out UDP fragmentation on data to be sent and sends the data to be sent to a multicast server; and the receiving end monitors and receives data based on the distributed multicast address. The invention adopts UDP + multicast mode to improve the concurrency of the stream pushing end in the screen-casting live broadcast, and the receiving end can realize the copy and the share of the data in the multicast as long as monitoring the appointed multicast IP; the stream pushing end only needs to send data to the appointed single multicast IP, so that the method is suitable for the condition that the number of the receiving ends accessed in the multicast is increased, and the blocking is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of screen projection playing, and particularly relates to a screen projection live broadcast method and system based on UDP and multicast.
Background
In the conference screen-casting live broadcast, a single anchor device not only needs to collect audio and video data, but also needs to bear the capability of pushing multiple added devices in real time, so that the device can quickly get into a bottleneck in the memory and the concurrent pushing capability. In the process of using TCP to perform plug flow testing, it was found that under the premise of ensuring a certain definition quality, after the connection setup exceeds 20, an obvious stuck phenomenon begins to occur.
The jamming occurs because the push flow end is implemented based on an application extension mode, and the adoption of the extension mode requires that the memory usage cannot exceed 50 million in the push flow process, so that each connection cannot open up an independent cache for the sent data. In the process of using TCP and UDP to carry out screen projection and live broadcast of a single device, the memory use of the main broadcast device easily exceeds 50 million red lines in less than a few minutes. The reason for this is that, on the one hand, the data transmission speed is much slower than the data generation speed, and on the other hand, as the number of connections increases, the amount of data repeatedly buffered increases, and the transmission efficiency decreases.
The system layer of the anchor device is called in an asynchronous mode to send the plug flow cache, when a real machine test is carried out, because the memory pressure is successfully transmitted to the system layer, the consumed memory of the application expansion is almost always in a very stable level after the test, and under the condition that 20 receiving end devices are arranged, the memory consumption is steadily below 10 megabytes. But limited by the data transmission capability and available bandwidth of the current transmitting end, the phenomenon of stuck still occurs in part of receiving equipment in the test process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a screen-casting live broadcast method and system based on UDP and multicast, which are used for solving the technical problem of low concurrency of a stream pushing end in screen-casting live broadcast.
The invention discloses a first aspect of a screen-casting live broadcast method based on UDP and multicast, which comprises the following steps:
dynamically generating a multicast address through a multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to the access number of a receiving end;
the anchor terminal carries out UDP fragmentation on data to be sent and sends the data to be sent to a multicast server;
and the receiving end monitors and receives data based on the distributed multicast address.
Preferably, the dynamically generating a multicast address by the multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to the access number of the receiving end specifically includes:
the method comprises the steps that a main broadcasting end establishes a conference room in a registration service of a multicast server, and acquires a multicast address generated and distributed by the multicast server according to the conference room;
and each receiving end selects a conference room in the registration service, and acquires the multicast address corresponding to the conference room after the verification is passed.
Preferably, the verification is access password verification, after the receiving end selects a conference room, the receiving end inputs an access password, matches the input access password with a conference room access password preset by the multicast server, and if the matching is successful, the verification is passed.
Preferably, the UDP fragmentation performed by the anchor on the data to be sent specifically includes:
setting a length threshold value of a data fragment to be sent, so that the sum of an IP packet header, a UDP packet header, a fragment information packet header and the load length of each sent UDP fragment message after fragmentation does not exceed the MTU value of a communication network, and a network layer does not perform secondary fragmentation processing on data;
separating first fragment data from a message of data to be sent through the length threshold;
judging whether the message length of the remaining data to be sent exceeds the length threshold, if so, continuously separating the fragment data from the message of the remaining data to be sent through the length threshold until the message length of the data to be sent is less than or equal to the length threshold;
determining the UDP fragmentation number N.
Preferably, the determining the number N of UDP segments specifically includes:
dividing the length value of the complete data message to be sent by the length threshold value to obtain a quotient value and a remainder;
if the remainder is 0, taking the quotient value as the UDP fragmentation number N;
if the remainder is not 0, adding 1 to the quotient value to obtain the UDP fragmentation number N;
and obtaining N UDP fragmentation messages of the data to be sent.
Preferably, the monitoring and receiving data by the receiving end based on the allocated multicast address specifically includes:
the receiving end establishes a directory handle;
the receiving end monitors the multicast address corresponding to the conference room according to the multicast address dynamic allocation result of the multicast server and receives UDP fragmentation data;
and the receiving end caches the UDP fragment data and performs data packet recombination.
Preferably, the performing packet reassembly specifically includes:
obtaining the cached UDP fragment data, and carrying out packet loss detection through FEC forward error correction operation;
representing a fragment by an ipasfrag data structure, and belonging to a queue formed by all fragments of the same original data packet by an ipq data structure;
when a UDP (user Datagram protocol) fragment message arrives, the UDP fragment message is positioned on the belonging ipq according to the identification number information in the UDP fragment message, and then the UDP fragment message is inserted into the ipq queue according to the length and the offset information;
and detecting whether the ipq is complete, and combining all the ipasfrags in the queue to be recombined into an original data packet when all the fragments are successfully received.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a UDP and multicast based screen-casting live broadcast system is disclosed, the system comprising:
an address allocation module: dynamically generating a multicast address through a multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to the access number of a receiving end;
a fragment sending module: the anchor terminal carries out UDP fragmentation on data to be sent and sends the data to be sent to a multicast server;
a data receiving module: and the receiving end monitors and receives data based on the distributed multicast address.
In a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is disclosed, comprising: at least one processor, at least one memory, a communication interface, and a bus;
the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the bus;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, which program instructions are invoked by the processor to implement the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is disclosed, which stores computer instructions for causing a computer to implement the method of the first aspect of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention adopts UDP + multicast mode to carry out screen projection live broadcast, improves the concurrency of the stream pushing end and simultaneously does not generate memory problem. The receiving end only needs to monitor the appointed multicast IP and open the data receiving logic, and the copying and sharing of the data in the multicast can be realized; the push streaming end only needs to send data to a specified single multicast IP, and the sending efficiency of the push streaming end cannot be influenced when the number of receiving ends accessed in the multicast is increased, so that the phenomenon of blocking of the receiving ends is reduced.
2) The invention carries out UDP fragmentation sending on the data to be sent at the anchor terminal, receives the fragmentation data at the receiving terminal and establishes a UDP fragmentation queue, when a UDP fragmentation message arrives, the UDP fragmentation message is positioned on the belonging ipq according to the identification number information, and then the UDP fragmentation message is inserted into the ipq queue according to the length and the offset information in the UDP fragmentation message, thereby quickly realizing the data packet recombination and reducing the packet loss.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a UDP and multicast-based screen-casting live broadcast method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structure diagram of a UDP and multicast based screen-casting live broadcast system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a screen-casting live broadcast method based on UDP and multicast, where the method includes:
s1, dynamically generating a multicast address through the multicast server and dynamically distributing the multicast address according to the access number of the receiving end;
firstly, the multicast address is dynamically generated, dynamically allocated and dynamically managed. The transmission steps of the screen-casting live broadcast anchor end (stream push end) are as follows:
the multicast server generates and successfully distributes a multicast address to return to the anchor terminal.
The receiving end selects the meeting room which the receiving end wants to enter from the registration service, inputs the access password and returns the multicast address corresponding to the meeting room to the receiving end after successful verification. The verification is access password verification, after the receiving end selects a conference room, the receiving end inputs an access password, the input access password is matched with a conference room access password preset by the multicast server, and if the matching is successful, the verification is passed.
S2, the anchor side carries out UDP fragmentation on the data to be sent and sends the data to be sent to the multicast server;
before sending UDP data, fragmentation operation must be performed on the data to ensure that each sent UDP packet does not exceed an MTU (Maximum transmission Unit) value of a communication network, and that a network layer does not perform secondary fragmentation processing on the data. The secondary fragmentation of the network layer is not triggered, so that packet loss processing can be performed on UDP (user datagram protocol), and the sendto function has a limit on the quantity of data sent by single call, so that active fragmentation is required at an application layer.
The UDP fragmentation of the data to be sent specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a length threshold of a data fragment to be transmitted, wherein the setting standard of the length threshold is as follows: the sum of the IP packet header, the UDP packet header, the fragmentation information packet header and the load length of each sent UDP fragmentation message after fragmentation does not exceed the MTU value of the communication network, and the network layer can not carry out secondary fragmentation processing on data;
separating first fragment data from a message of data to be sent through the length threshold;
judging whether the message length of the remaining data to be sent exceeds the length threshold, if so, continuously dividing second fragment data from the message of the remaining data to be sent through the length threshold, and repeating the judging and dividing processes until the message length of the data to be sent is smaller than or equal to the length threshold;
determining the UDP fragmentation number N; specifically, the length value of the message with complete data to be sent is divided by the length threshold value to obtain a quotient value and a remainder; if the remainder is 0, taking the quotient value as the UDP fragmentation number N; if the remainder is not 0, adding 1 to the quotient value to obtain the UDP fragmentation number N; and obtaining N UDP fragmentation messages of the data to be sent.
And finally, sending each UDP fragmentation message to a multicast server.
And S3, the receiving end listens and receives data based on the distributed multicast address.
The receiving end establishes a directory handle;
the receiving end monitors the multicast address corresponding to the conference room according to the multicast address dynamic allocation result of the multicast server and receives UDP fragmentation data; because the multicast server dynamically generates and multicasts the address for the receiving end, the receiving end can realize the copy and share of the data in the multicast only by monitoring the fixed multicast IP address, thereby receiving the required UDP fragment data.
And the receiving end caches the UDP fragment data and performs data packet recombination. Specifically, the process of performing packet reassembly specifically includes:
obtaining cached UDP fragment data, carrying out packet loss detection through FEC forward error correction, if packet loss is found, retransmitting the UDP fragment data, representing a fragment through an ipasfragg data structure, and representing a queue formed by all fragments belonging to the same original data packet through an ipq data structure;
when a UDP (user Datagram protocol) fragment message arrives, the UDP fragment message is positioned on the belonging ipq according to the identification number information in the UDP fragment message, and then the UDP fragment message is inserted into the ipq queue according to the length and the offset information;
and detecting whether the ipq is complete, and combining all the ipasfraggs in the queue to be recombined into an original data packet when all the fragments N are successfully received. While recovering the occupied resources. If an ipq cannot receive all fragments within a specified time, it will be discarded and resources recycled and used for allocation of subsequent ipqs.
The invention establishes a queue for the fragment data, takes each UDP fragment message as an element in the queue, and uses the bidirectional linked list to realize the rapid insertion and deletion of the queue elements through the ipq and the ipasfrag data structures, thereby realizing the data packet recombination, saving resources and reducing packet loss.
The invention adopts UDP + multicast mode to carry out screen projection and live broadcast, improves the concurrency of the stream pushing end, and the receiving end can realize the copying and sharing of the data in the multicast as long as monitoring the specified multicast IP and opening the data receiving logic; the stream pushing end only needs to send data to the appointed single multicast IP, so that the method is suitable for the condition that the number of the receiving ends accessed in the multicast is increased, and the blocking is reduced.
Corresponding to the above method embodiment, the present invention also discloses a UDP and multicast based screen-casting live broadcast system, referring to fig. 2, relating to a main broadcast terminal, a multicast server, and a receiving terminal, where the system includes:
an address allocation module: dynamically generating a multicast address through a multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to the access number of a receiving end;
a fragment sending module: the anchor terminal carries out UDP fragmentation on data to be sent and sends the data to be sent to a multicast server;
a data receiving module: and the receiving end monitors and receives data based on the distributed multicast address.
The present invention also discloses an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor, at least one memory, a communication interface, and a bus; the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the bus; the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, which invokes the program instructions to implement the methods of the invention described above.
The invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium which stores computer instructions for causing the computer to implement all or part of the steps of the method of the embodiment of the invention. The storage medium includes: u disk, removable hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.
The above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e. may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Without creative labor, a person skilled in the art can select some or all of the modules according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A screen-casting live broadcast method based on UDP and multicast is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dynamically generating a multicast address through a multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to the access number of a receiving end;
the anchor terminal carries out UDP fragmentation on data to be sent and sends the data to be sent to a multicast server;
and the receiving end monitors and receives data based on the distributed multicast address.
2. The UDP and multicast based screen projection live broadcast method and system according to claim 1, wherein the dynamically generating a multicast address by the multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to a receiving end access number specifically includes:
the method comprises the steps that a main broadcasting end establishes a conference room in a registration service of a multicast server, and acquires a multicast address generated and distributed by the multicast server according to the conference room;
and each receiving end selects a conference room in the registration service, and acquires the multicast address corresponding to the conference room after the verification is passed.
3. The UDP and multicast based screen-casting live broadcast method and system according to claim 2, wherein the authentication is access password authentication, after the receiving end selects a conference room, the receiving end inputs an access password, matches the input access password with a conference room access password preset by the multicast server, and if the matching is successful, the authentication is passed.
4. The UDP and multicast based screen-casting live broadcast method and system according to claim 1, wherein the UDP fragmentation of the data to be transmitted by the anchor node is specifically:
setting a length threshold value of a data fragment to be sent, so that the sum of an IP packet header, a UDP packet header, a fragment information packet header and the load length of each sent UDP fragment message after fragmentation does not exceed the MTU value of a communication network, and a network layer does not perform secondary fragmentation processing on data;
separating first fragment data from a message of data to be sent through the length threshold;
judging whether the message length of the remaining data to be sent exceeds the length threshold, if so, continuously separating the fragment data from the message of the remaining data to be sent through the length threshold until the message length of the data to be sent is less than or equal to the length threshold;
determining the UDP fragmentation number N.
5. The UDP and multicast based screen projection live broadcast method and system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the determining of the UDP fragmentation number N specifically comprises:
dividing the length value of the message of the complete data to be sent by the length threshold value to obtain a quotient value and a remainder;
if the remainder is 0, taking the quotient value as the UDP fragmentation number N;
if the remainder is not 0, adding 1 to the quotient value to obtain the UDP fragmentation number N;
and obtaining N UDP fragmentation messages of the data to be sent.
6. The UDP and multicast based screen casting live broadcast method and system according to claim 2, wherein the monitoring and receiving of data by the receiving end based on the allocated multicast address specifically includes:
the receiving end establishes a directory handle;
the receiving end monitors the multicast address corresponding to the conference room according to the multicast address dynamic allocation result of the multicast server and receives UDP fragmentation data;
and the receiving end caches the UDP fragment data and performs data packet recombination.
7. The UDP and multicast based screen projection live broadcast method and system according to claim 6, wherein the performing of the data packet reassembly specifically comprises:
obtaining the cached UDP fragment data, and carrying out packet loss detection through FEC forward error correction operation;
representing a fragment by an ipasfrag data structure, and representing a queue formed by all fragments belonging to the same original data packet by an ipq data structure;
when a UDP (user Datagram protocol) fragment message arrives, the UDP fragment message is positioned on the belonging ipq according to the identification number information in the UDP fragment message, and then the UDP fragment message is inserted into the ipq queue according to the length and the offset information;
and detecting whether the ipq is complete, and combining all the ipasfraggs in the queue to be recombined into an original data packet when all the fragments are successfully received.
8. A UDP and multicast-based screen projection live broadcast system is characterized by comprising:
an address allocation module: dynamically generating a multicast address through a multicast server and dynamically allocating the multicast address according to the access number of a receiving end;
a fragment sending module: the anchor terminal carries out UDP fragmentation on data to be sent and sends the data to be sent to a multicast server;
a data receiving module: and the receiving end monitors and receives data based on the distributed multicast address.
9. An electronic device, comprising: at least one processor, at least one memory, a communication interface, and a bus;
the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the bus;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN106559690A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-04-05 | 武汉斗鱼网络科技有限公司 | The live method and system for throwing screen are realized based on multicast on a kind of intelligent television |
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2021
- 2021-09-29 CN CN202111150652.XA patent/CN113891148A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20050157742A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2005-07-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Multicast session management system |
| CN1610326A (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2005-04-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Group transmitting address distributing method |
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