CN113890597B - High-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method - Google Patents
High-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
- H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
- H04W36/00837—Determination of triggering parameters for hand-off
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
- H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
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- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
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- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method, which specifically comprises the following steps: the high-low frequency network joint system is configured to be responsible for configuring the high-frequency band and low-frequency band network transmitting power and the high-frequency band and low-frequency band network switching power threshold; the high-low frequency network receiving power joint monitoring module is responsible for joint monitoring of high-frequency band and low-frequency band network receiving signal power and is matched with the high-low frequency network joint switching decision module to judge the high-low frequency network switching time; the high-frequency band network cross-region switching and low-frequency autonomous switching module under the assistance of the low-frequency band network is responsible for completing high-frequency band network cross-coverage-region switching and low-frequency band network cross-coverage-region autonomous switching under the assistance of the low-frequency band network. The invention can realize low-frequency auxiliary high-frequency switching and low-frequency autonomous switching; the method reduces the link interruption time caused by the movement of the user across the coverage area in the millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle communication, and particularly relates to a high-frequency and low-frequency auxiliary unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method.
Background
In remote areas, due to the rare population and the severe geographic environment, the communication base stations are difficult to arrange. Under the condition that no communication base station covers, the unmanned aerial vehicle network is adopted to realize ground coverage aiming at the temporary communication requirement of remote areas, so that the method has a good application prospect. In particular, for video transmission type services, the transmission rate requirement needs to be guaranteed. The millimeter wave frequency band (high frequency band) is very large in available bandwidth, and a millimeter wave communication system is deployed on the unmanned aerial vehicle to form a high-frequency millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network, so that the requirement for high-speed data transmission in remote areas can be well met.
However, there is a serious transmission loss in the millimeter wave band, and in order to overcome the influence of the transmission loss on the received signal, it is necessary to form a directional beam through the array antenna to obtain an antenna beam forming gain, thereby compensating the transmission loss. However, after the directional beam is adopted, the coverage requirements of the ground users, especially the ground mobile users, need to be guaranteed by the unmanned aerial vehicle network. When the ground user moves, the problem of switching across unmanned aerial vehicle coverage areas can occur. In the process of cross-region switching, beam alignment needs to be performed again, and due to the fact that the beam alignment process is complex and long in time, long-time interruption of a link is easily caused. How to reduce the link interruption time of the user moving across the coverage area in the millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network is a problem that needs to be mainly solved by the millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method.
The invention discloses a high-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and configuring a high-low frequency network combined system.
Configuring the transmitting power of a high-frequency network and a low-frequency network, and enabling the coverage area of the low-frequency network to be equal to 2 times of the coverage area of the high-frequency network through link budget; setting a high-frequency network switching power threshold deltahLow frequency band network switching power threshold deltal。
Step 2: and jointly monitoring the received power of the high-frequency and low-frequency networks.
Ground mobile user continuously monitoring high-frequency band network received signal power PhrAnd low band network received power Plr。
And 3, step 3: and (4) performing joint switching decision on the high-frequency network and the low-frequency network.
Network received signal power P when high frequency bandhr≥δhLow band received signal power Plr≥δlAnd the ground mobile user does not operate within the normal coverage range of the high-frequency band network.
Network received signal power P when high frequency bandhr<δhLow band received signal power Plr<δlIf the mobile user is in the coverage edge of the high-frequency network, the high-frequency network cross-region switching operation under the assistance of the low frequency is executed.
Network received signal power P when high frequency bandhr>δhLow band received signal power Plr<δlAnd the ground mobile user is positioned at the coverage edge of the low-frequency network, and at the moment, the cross-regional switching operation of the low-frequency network is executed.
And 4, step 4: and high-frequency band network cross-region switching and low-frequency band network cross-region switching under the assistance of low frequency.
The high frequency band network with low frequency assistance switches over the area as follows.
(1) The ground mobile user sends a switching request message in a low frequency band, and the content of the request message comprises a message identifier, a node number, longitude, latitude and altitude.
(2) When receiving the low-frequency-band switching request message, the target unmanned aerial vehicle extracts longitude, latitude and altitude information in the low-frequency-band switching request message, and calculates a coarse beam azimuth and a pitching direction for a ground mobile user by combining the longitude, latitude, altitude, pitching, rolling and course information of the target unmanned aerial vehicle; meanwhile, a switching response message is sent to the ground mobile user through the low-frequency network, the response message contains longitude, latitude, altitude information and beam alignment time of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the time when the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground mobile user carry out fine-grained beam alignment training is indicated to find out more accurate beam pointing.
(3) The ground mobile user receives the switching response message at a low frequency band, extracts longitude, latitude and altitude information in the switching response message, and calculates a coarse beam azimuth and a pitching direction aiming at the target unmanned aerial vehicle by combining the longitude, latitude, altitude, pitching, rolling and course information of the ground mobile user; meanwhile, the beam alignment time therein is extracted.
(4) And at the starting moment of beam alignment, the target unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground mobile user take the coarse azimuth angle and the pitch angle obtained by respective calculation as azimuth areas, and traverse and adjust the fine-grained beam pointing one by one to finish beam fine adjustment so as to find more accurate beam pointing.
(5) And completing the cross-region switching of the high-frequency network.
And the network switching is automatically completed when the low-frequency network is switched across areas.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the invention provides a high-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method, which can reduce the link interruption time of a user moving across coverage areas in a millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network;
(2) according to the invention, through the configuration of the high-low frequency unmanned aerial vehicle network combined system, the simultaneous switching of high-low frequency networks is avoided, so that the low-frequency network auxiliary high-frequency switching and the low-frequency network autonomous switching can be realized;
(3) the invention designs the cross-coverage area switching process and the frame structure of the low-frequency-band auxiliary high-frequency band, thereby being capable of reducing the link interruption time caused by the movement of a user in a cross-coverage area in the millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of high-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network cross-region handover.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the high and low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a timing diagram of the handover operation of the high frequency band network with low frequency assistance.
Fig. 4 is a message format of a handover request message.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of coarse grain azimuth and pitch calculation methods.
Fig. 6 is a message format of a handover response message.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments
The method is used for switching the millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network (shown in figure 1) across coverage areas, and the link interruption time of the user moving across the coverage areas in the millimeter wave unmanned aerial vehicle network is reduced by adopting a high-frequency and low-frequency auxiliary switching mechanism across the coverage areas.
The invention discloses a high-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method, which is shown in figure 2 and comprises the following steps:
step 1: and configuring a high-low frequency network combined system.
Configuring the transmitting power of a high-frequency band (millimeter wave) network and a low-frequency band network, and enabling the coverage area of the low-frequency band network to be equal to 2 times of the coverage area of the high-frequency band network through link budget; setting high frequency band (millimeter wave) network switching power threshold deltahLow frequency band network switching power threshold deltal。
Step 2: and jointly monitoring the received power of the high-frequency network and the low-frequency network.
Ground mobile user continuously monitoring high-frequency band network received signal power PhrAnd low band network received power Plr。
And step 3: and (4) performing joint switching decision on the high-frequency network and the low-frequency network.
Network received signal power P when high frequency bandhr≥δhLow band received signal power Plr≥δlAnd if so, the ground mobile user is considered to be in the normal coverage range of the high-frequency band network and does not operate.
When highFrequency band network received signal power Phr<δhLow band received signal power Plr<δlIf the coverage of the high-frequency band network is above the coverage limit of the ground mobile user, the high-frequency band network needs to perform the handover operation with low frequency assistance.
Network received signal power P when high frequency bandhr>δhLow band received signal power Plr<δlIf the coverage of the low-band network is not sufficient, the low-band network needs to be switched to the low-band network.
And 4, step 4: and high-frequency band network cross-region switching and low-frequency band network cross-region switching under the assistance of low frequency.
As shown in fig. 3, the high frequency band network with low frequency assistance switches as follows.
(1) The ground mobile user sends a switching request message in a low frequency band, and the content of the request message comprises a message identifier, a node number, longitude, latitude and altitude. Message format see fig. 4.
(2) When receiving the low-frequency-band switching request message, the target unmanned aerial vehicle extracts longitude, latitude and altitude information in the low-frequency-band switching request message, and calculates a coarse beam azimuth and a pitching direction according to the graph 5 for a ground mobile user by combining the longitude, latitude, altitude, pitching, rolling and course information of the target unmanned aerial vehicle; meanwhile, a switching response message is sent to the ground mobile user through the low-frequency network, the response message contains longitude, latitude, altitude information of the unmanned aerial vehicle and beam alignment time, and the message format is shown in fig. 6. While indicating when to perform fine-grained beam alignment training with the terrestrial mobile users to find more accurate beam pointing.
(3) The ground mobile user receives the switching response message at a low frequency band, extracts longitude, latitude and altitude information in the switching response message, and calculates a coarse beam azimuth and a pitching direction according to the figure 5 for the target unmanned aerial vehicle by combining the longitude, latitude, altitude, pitching, rolling and course information of the ground mobile user; meanwhile, the beam alignment time therein is extracted.
(4) And at the starting moment of beam alignment, the target unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground mobile user take the coarse azimuth angle and the pitch angle which are respectively obtained by calculation as azimuth areas, and traverse and adjust the fine-grained beam pointing one by one to finish beam fine adjustment so as to find more accurate beam pointing.
(5) And completing the cross-region switching of the high-frequency network.
When the low-frequency network is switched across areas, the high-frequency network receives signal power basically in the highest state according to the high-frequency network and low-frequency network transmission power configuration, and the probability of link interruption is low. At the moment, the low-frequency network does not need to assist the high-frequency network to switch, and the low-frequency network autonomously completes the network switching.
Claims (1)
1. A high-low frequency assisted unmanned aerial vehicle network coverage enhancement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: configuring a high-low frequency network combined system;
configuring the transmitting power of a high-frequency network and a low-frequency network, and enabling the coverage area of the low-frequency network to be equal to 2 times of the coverage area of the high-frequency network through link budget; setting a high-frequency network switching power threshold deltahLow frequency band network switching power threshold deltal;
Step 2: jointly monitoring the receiving power of the high-frequency and low-frequency networks;
ground mobile user continuously monitoring high-frequency band network received signal power PhrAnd low band network received power Plr;
And step 3: a high-low frequency network joint switching decision;
network received signal power P when high frequency bandhr≥δhLow band received signal power Plr≥δlIf the mobile user is in the normal coverage range of the high-frequency network, the operation is not carried out;
network received signal power P when high frequency bandhr<δhLow band received signal power Plr<δlIf the mobile user is in the coverage edge of the high-frequency network, executing the high-frequency network cross-region switching operation under the assistance of the low frequency;
when the high frequency bandNetwork received signal power Phr>δhLow band received signal power Plr<δlIf the mobile user is in the coverage edge of the low-frequency network, executing the cross-region switching operation of the low-frequency network;
and 4, step 4: high-frequency band network cross-region switching and low-frequency band network cross-region switching under the assistance of low frequency;
the high-frequency band network cross-region switching under the assistance of the low frequency is as follows:
(1) the ground mobile user sends a switching request message in a low frequency band, and the content of the request message comprises a message identifier, a node number, longitude, latitude and altitude;
(2) when receiving the low-frequency-band switching request message, the target unmanned aerial vehicle extracts longitude, latitude and altitude information in the low-frequency-band switching request message, and calculates a coarse beam azimuth and a pitching direction for a ground mobile user by combining the longitude, latitude, altitude, pitching, rolling and course information of the target unmanned aerial vehicle; meanwhile, a switching response message is sent to the ground mobile user through the low-frequency network, the response message contains longitude, latitude, altitude information of the unmanned aerial vehicle and beam alignment time, and when fine-grained beam alignment training is carried out on the response message and the ground mobile user is indicated, so that more accurate beam pointing is found;
(3) the ground mobile user receives the switching response message at a low frequency band, extracts longitude, latitude and altitude information in the switching response message, and calculates a coarse beam azimuth and a pitching direction aiming at the target unmanned aerial vehicle by combining the longitude, latitude, altitude, pitching, rolling and course information of the ground mobile user; meanwhile, extracting the beam alignment time therein;
(4) the target unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground mobile user use the coarse azimuth angle and the pitch angle obtained by respective calculation as azimuth areas at the starting moment of beam alignment, and traverse and adjust the fine-grained beam pointing one by one to finish beam fine adjustment so as to find more accurate beam pointing;
(5) completing the cross-region switching of the high-frequency network;
and the network switching is automatically completed when the low-frequency network is switched across areas.
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