CN113890036A - Urban power grid system recovery method based on transmission and distribution cooperation - Google Patents

Urban power grid system recovery method based on transmission and distribution cooperation Download PDF

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CN113890036A
CN113890036A CN202110948972.3A CN202110948972A CN113890036A CN 113890036 A CN113890036 A CN 113890036A CN 202110948972 A CN202110948972 A CN 202110948972A CN 113890036 A CN113890036 A CN 113890036A
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power
unit
time
distribution network
starting
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CN113890036B (en
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阮前途
谢伟
杨凌辉
刘家妤
许寅
王颖
和敬涵
王小君
倪平浩
王炜歆
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Beijing Jiaotong University
State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously

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Abstract

The invention provides a recovery method of an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination, which comprises the following steps: evaluating the upward supporting feasibility of the high-voltage distribution network as a partition basis of the urban power grid in transmission and distribution coordination; analyzing the outward power transmission characteristics of the high-voltage power distribution network to obtain outward power transmission conditions of the power distribution network connected to the multiple units; establishing a power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid recovery model according to the power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid partition basis and the outward power transmission condition of a power distribution network accessed to a plurality of units; and recovering the urban power grid system according to the urban power grid recovery model based on transmission and distribution cooperation. The method can comprehensively consider black start resources of the whole network, accelerate the recovery process and reduce the loss caused by power failure.

Description

Urban power grid system recovery method based on transmission and distribution cooperation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grids, in particular to a recovery method of an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination.
Background
In recent years, blackout accidents caused by extreme events have increased year by year, and the failure of the urban power grid seriously threatens social safety while causing huge economic loss, so that the toughness of the power system needs to be improved. The traditional power transmission network recovery process comprises three stages of unit starting, net rack recovery and load recovery, wherein in the unit starting stage, a unit with black starting capability in the network is required to drive a non-black starting unit to start charging. And as the power generation resources accessed to the power distribution network become more, the power distribution network has the supporting capacity of transmitting the electric energy to the transmission network. Under the condition of urban power grid faults, transmission and distribution coordination is comprehensively considered, resources of a high-voltage distribution network are utilized to coordinate with black start resources of a power transmission network, starting of large units in the power transmission network is accelerated, the recovery process of the urban power grid can be accelerated, and loss caused by power failure is reduced.
Aiming at the research of transmission and distribution coordination, the current research at home and abroad is still in a starting stage, and in the aspect of algorithm, the method mainly comprises a master-slave separation distributed load flow calculation method to relieve the boundary mismatch between a transmission network and a distribution network, decompose the system load flow calculation into a transmission network load flow calculation subproblem and a distribution network load flow calculation subproblem, solve each subproblem by using different load flow algorithms according to different characteristics of the transmission network and the distribution network, popularize the method through deep research, establish a generalized transmission and distribution coordination model (G-TDCM), prove the optimality and the convergence of the algorithm, and apply the generalized transmission and distribution coordination model to a plurality of fields; and the optimization problem of the transmission and distribution cooperative reactive power is researched by adopting a Benders decomposition method. For the nonlinear problem of the power flow of the distribution network, convex relaxation conversion solving is carried out on the nonlinear problem by means of second-order cone programming; in the research of performing power system fault recovery by using transmission and distribution coordination, a black start method of a transmission and distribution network based on target cascade analysis is provided, the problem of power system recovery is decomposed into the problems of black start of the transmission network and black start optimization of the distribution network, and a black start scheme of transmission and distribution coordination is further obtained; and providing a power transmission and distribution network collaborative optimization method, decoupling the recovery process of the power transmission and distribution network, and solving a dispersion optimization model to obtain a power transmission and distribution collaborative recovery scheme. But the physical process of upward support of the power distribution network is not considered in the scheme, and the feasibility problem of reverse power transmission is ignored.
After an extreme event of power failure of the whole network occurs, a black-start unit with self-starting capability in the power grid is required to be used for gradually recovering a non-black-start unit without self-starting capability in the network, then a basic network frame of the power grid is gradually recovered to enable the basic network frame to have certain power transmission capability, and finally electric energy is transmitted to a power distribution network to recover all loads of the whole network.
Therefore, a method for recovering the urban power grid system is needed to improve the recovery efficiency and reduce the power outage time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a recovery method of an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination, which aims to solve the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A recovery method of an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination comprises the following steps:
s1, evaluating the upward supporting feasibility of the high-voltage distribution network as a basis for partitioning the urban power grid in transmission and distribution coordination;
s2, analyzing the outward power transmission characteristics of the high-voltage power distribution network to obtain outward power transmission conditions of the power distribution network connected to a plurality of units;
s3, establishing a power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid recovery model according to the power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid partition basis and the outward power transmission condition of a power distribution network accessed to a plurality of units;
s4, recovering the urban power grid system according to the solution result of the urban power grid recovery model based on the transmission and distribution coordination.
Preferably, evaluating the feasibility of upward support of the high voltage distribution network comprises satisfying the following conditions:
s11, the transmission network and the distribution network share necessary information;
s12, resources in the power distribution network can support long-distance reverse continuous power transmission;
s13, when the power distribution network transmits power upwards, the load picking capacity is provided to ensure the reactive power and voltage balance of the system and prevent the load flow of the transformer and the line from overloading;
s14, when starting the unit in the transmission network, the power distribution network resource needs to carry enough load to prevent the occurrence of reverse power trip phenomenon and to meet the minimum output requirement of the unit to be started;
s15, after starting the unit in the transmission network, the power distribution network resource needs to pick up the load continuously, and the started unit is guaranteed to have the lowest technical output requirement of continuous and stable operation for tens of minutes or even hours;
s16, the problem of self excitation and overvoltage does not occur to the unit to be started which is started by the power distribution network resources, and the extreme voltage is guaranteed not to exceed the limit during the empty charging process;
when an air charging transformer is upwards transmitted by a distribution network S17, excessive excitation inrush current needs to be avoided so as to prevent the problems of overcurrent protection, negative sequence current protection, silicon controlled overtemperature protection and system low voltage of a generator;
and S18, ensuring that the unit N-1 rotates for standby in the power transmission process, wherein N represents the number of all equipment in the power grid, and N-1 rotates for standby and represents that the power system can ensure safe and stable operation after any unit quits operation.
Preferably, the condition of outward power transmission of the power distribution network connected to the plurality of units is as follows: the starting power and time need to meet the requirement that the maximum power transmitted from the power distribution network to the power transmission network is larger than the power P required to be absorbed by the large-scale unit when the unit is startedcrkAnd the time length of power absorption in the starting preparation stage of the continuous unit can be ensured.
Preferably, the urban power grid recovery model based on transmission and distribution coordination is a model obtained by taking the maximization of the system power generation capacity as an objective function and taking the starting time constraint, the unit output constraint, the time constraint of each stage of the generator, the node-line logic constraint and the power distribution network assisted transmission network unit starting constraint as constraint conditions.
Preferably, the urban power grid restoration model based on transmission and distribution coordination comprises:
the objective function is shown in the following equation (1):
min∑g∈ΩG(Pg max-Pg start)*tg start (1)
wherein, Pg maxRepresenting the maximum power of the unit g, namely the rated power; pg startRepresenting the starting power of the unit g; t is tg startRepresenting the start-up time of the unit g.
The constraints are shown in the following formulas (2) to (19):
the start-up time constraint is:
Figure BDA0003217730300000041
Figure BDA0003217730300000042
wherein, tg startIndicating the starting time, T, of the unit gg maxIndicating the latest starting time, T, of the unit gg minIndicating the earliest starting time, V, of the unit gTRepresents a time interval in minutesExpressions (2) and (3) indicate that the starting time of the unit g is limited between the earliest starting time and the latest starting time;
the unit output constraint is as follows:
Figure BDA0003217730300000047
wherein, wg,1,t、wg,2,tAnd wg,3,tThe variable is a 0-1 variable and respectively indicates whether the unit g is in a climbing output state, a rated power output state and a preparation stage of starting; v. ofg,1,t，vg,2,tFor auxiliary variables representing time, respectively correspond to wg,1,t、wg,2,tWhen w isg,1,tWhen 1, vg,1,t＝tstWhen w isg,1,tWhen equal to 0, vg,1,t＝0；RgRepresenting the climbing rate of the unit g; t represents the current time; t isg cRepresents the time required for starting; omegat BRepresents the set of all loads; pi,t DRepresenting the power demand, P, of node i at time tg maxRepresenting the maximum power of the unit g, namely the rated power; pg startRepresenting the starting power of the unit g;
the time constraint of each stage of the generator is as follows:
0≤wg,1,t+wg,2,t≤1 (5)
Figure BDA0003217730300000043
Figure BDA0003217730300000044
Figure BDA0003217730300000045
Figure BDA0003217730300000046
Figure BDA0003217730300000051
Figure BDA0003217730300000052
Figure BDA0003217730300000053
Figure BDA0003217730300000054
Figure BDA0003217730300000055
wherein v isg,3,tIs an auxiliary variable representing time, corresponding to wg,3,tWhen w isg,3,tWhen 1, vg,3,t＝tst(ii) a When w isg,3,tWhen equal to 0, vg,3,t＝0；tstIndicating the starting time of the unit, Tg cThe time of absorbing power in the preparation stage of starting the unit is shown, and M is a value greater than vg,h,tPositive integer of (v)g,h,tFor auxiliary variables representing time, h is 1, 2, 3, respectively for vg,1,t、vg,2,tAnd vg,3,t，wg,h,tFor the state variables representing the stage of the unit, h is 1, 2, 3, respectively for wg,1,t、wg,2,tAnd wg,3,tIndicating whether the unit g is in a climbing output state, a rated power output state and a preparation stage of starting at present; t represents the total period of the recovery process, and equation (5) represents wg,1,tAnd wg,2,tThe number of the units g can not be 1 at the same time, namely the unit g can not be in a climbing stage and a maximum output stage at the same time; formula (6) representswg,1,tAnd wg,2,t0 at the same time, the time t should be less than or equal to tst+Tg cIf w isg,1,tAnd wg,2,tNot 0 at the same time, the time t should be greater than tst+Tg c(ii) a The formulae (7) to (8) are for vg,h,tIs restricted if wg,1,tWhen is equal to 0, then vg,1,tAlso equal to 0, this constraint does not play a role; if wg,1,tWhen v is equal to 1g,1,t＝tstI.e. when the unit is in the climbing stage, the time t should be greater than tst+Tg cIn the same way, if wg,2,tWhen v is equal to 1g,2,t＝tstI.e. when the unit is in the maximum output stage, the time t should be greater than
Figure BDA0003217730300000056
Formula (9) represents, if wg,1,tIf 1, then the current time must be less than
Figure BDA0003217730300000057
Formulae (10) to (11) are analogous to formulae (7) to (8) if wg,3,tWhen 1, then vg,3,t＝tstI.e. the unit is in the preparation phase of starting, absorbing power from the outside, at which time t should be greater than tst(ii) a The formulae (12) to (13) are for vg,h,tWhen w is limitedg,h,tWhen 0 h vg,h,tWhen w is equal to 0g,h,t1 hour vg,h,t＝tst(ii) a Equation (14) is a constraint on the start-up time, requiring that all units must be started within the recovery time;
the node-line logic constraints are:
-Mubusm t≤ulinemn t≤Mubusm t,mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (15)
-Mubusn t≤ulinemn t≤Mubusn t,mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (16)
-M(ubusm t+ubusn t)≤ulinemn t+1≤M(ubusm t+ubusn t),mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (17)
Figure BDA0003217730300000061
wherein u isbusm tIs a variable from 0 to 1, representing the recovery state of the node m at time t, if ubusm tIf 1, the node m is recovered at time t, and if u is equal to 1busm tIf the value is 0, the node m is not recovered at the time t; u. oflinemn tIs a variable 0-1, representing the recovery state of line mn at time t, ulinemn t1 means that line mn has recovered at time t, otherwise means not recovered; omegalineDenotes the set of all lines, ΩbusRepresents a collection of all nodes; omegaline-mRepresents a set of lines connected to node m; omegabus-BSURepresenting the set of nodes connected to the black start power supply, equations (15) - (16) represent if the nodes at both ends of the line are powered down, i.e., ubusm tAnd ubusn tAt the same time, is 0, then u islinemn t0, i.e. the line is also powered off; formula (17) indicates that at least one of the nodes at the two ends of the line at the time t is recovered, and then at the time t +1, the line mn can be recovered; equation (18) indicates that at least one of all lines connected to node m has been restored, and node m can be restored;
the starting constraint of the power distribution network assisted transmission network unit is as follows:
Figure BDA0003217730300000062
wherein, deltag tIs a variable from 0 to 1 and indicates whether the power distribution network connected with the unit g at the time t has enough capacity for supporting the starting of the unit g, if the power distribution network is not connected or the supporting capacity of the connected power distribution network is insufficient, deltag t0, δ if the connected distribution network has support capabilityg t＝1；Pg,DS tThe maximum power of upward power transmission of a power distribution network connected with the unit g at the moment t is represented; pg,TS tAnd (3) the power obtained by the unit g from the black start power supply of the transmission network at the time t is shown, the formula (19) shows that if the power distribution network has the capacity of starting the unit g at the time t, the power distribution network is used for providing output for the unit starting process, and if the power distribution network does not have the capacity of starting the unit g any more at the time t, the black start resource of the transmission network continues to start the unit.
Preferably, the necessary information includes operational conditions, unit information of the transmission and distribution network and load flow information on the tie lines.
According to the technical scheme provided by the urban power grid system recovery method based on transmission and distribution coordination, the urban power grid system recovery model modeling of transmission and distribution coordination is considered, the feasibility of power transmission of power generation resources of a high-voltage power distribution network to a power transmission network is analyzed, the outward power supply characteristic of the high-voltage power distribution network with supporting capacity is considered, and the method is used for supplying power to and starting large units in the power transmission network in advance when a fault occurs, so that the recovery subarea of the power transmission network is increased, and the urban power grid recovery efficiency is finally improved; the method can be used as a reference for decision making of power grid dispatching personnel in the case of urban power grid blackness accidents, and when blackstart resources in a power transmission network are deficient in the initial stage of power failure of a power system, resources of a high-voltage power distribution network are utilized for transmission and distribution cooperation, the blackstart resources of the whole network are comprehensively considered, the recovery process is accelerated, and loss caused by power failure is reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a recovery method for an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the unit output;
fig. 3 is a graph of external characteristics of upward power transmission of a high-voltage distribution network;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a unit output curve for starting a unit using power distribution network resources in cooperation with a transmission network;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test system.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Examples
The implementation provides a recovery method for an urban power grid system in transmission and distribution coordination, and aims to consider the upward supporting capacity and feasibility of power generation resources of a high-voltage distribution network, improve the recovery efficiency of the urban power grid by using the transmission and distribution coordination idea, and reduce loss and influence caused by power failure accidents. Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a recovery method for an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination according to this embodiment, and with reference to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
and S1, evaluating the upward supporting feasibility of the high-voltage distribution network as a basis for partitioning the urban power grid in coordination with transmission and distribution.
With the gradual increase of power generation resources of a power distribution network, for example, the power generation resources such as CHP units, gas turbines and large energy storage devices are accessed, so that the power distribution network has the capability of transmitting power upwards, and the power generation resources with larger power and capacity exist on the layer of a high-voltage power distribution network, so that the possibility of transmitting power to a power transmission network is higher. Under the condition that the power grid is totally black, the black start resources of the power transmission network are deficient, a large unit can be normally started only by waiting for the power transmission of a black start power supply, and if the upward power transmission of a high-voltage distribution network is considered, the process is as follows: firstly, starting a plurality of power generation resources with self-starting capability in a high-voltage distribution network, respectively charging power transmission paths and transformers, and constructing power transmission paths from the power generation resources of the distribution network to large-scale units of a power transmission network; and then, the electric energy transmitted by the power generation resource is utilized to provide starting power for the large-scale unit, the unit is started in advance, so that the unit can climb to exert output, starting power is provided for other large-scale units, and the recovery process is accelerated.
In order to ensure that the power generation resources of the power distribution network can smoothly transmit power upwards, the feasibility of upward support of the high-voltage power distribution network is evaluated by meeting the following conditions:
s11 the transmission network shares essential information with the distribution network, including operating conditions, unit information of the transmission network and the distribution network and load flow information on the tie lines.
Resources in the S12 power distribution grid can support reverse continuous power delivery over long distances.
When the power distribution network S13 is used for transmitting power upwards, the load pickup capacity is achieved, the reactive power and the voltage balance of the system are guaranteed, and the load pickup capacity is achieved without overload of the power flow of the transformer and the line.
When starting a unit in a transmission network, the resource of the S14 distribution network needs to carry enough load to prevent the phenomenon of reverse power trip and meet the minimum output requirement of the unit to be started.
And S15, after the power distribution network resource starts the unit in the transmission network, the load needs to be picked up continuously, and the minimum technical output requirement of continuous and stable operation is ensured after tens of minutes or even hours of the started unit.
S16, the problem of self excitation and overvoltage does not occur to the unit to be started which is started by the power distribution network resources, and the extreme voltage is guaranteed not to exceed the limit during the empty charging process;
when an air charging transformer is upwards transmitted by a distribution network S17, excessive excitation inrush current needs to be avoided so as to prevent the problems of overcurrent protection, negative sequence current protection, silicon controlled overtemperature protection and system low voltage of a generator;
and S18, ensuring that the unit N-1 rotates for standby in the power transmission process, wherein N represents the number of all equipment in the power grid, and N-1 rotates for standby and represents that the power system can ensure safe and stable operation after any unit quits operation.
And S2, analyzing the outward power transmission characteristics of the high-voltage distribution network to obtain the outward power transmission conditions of the distribution network connected to a plurality of units.
When upward supporting capacity of the power distribution network is considered, the external characteristic that the power distribution network transmits power upwards is mainly considered on the whole, namely a total output curve of power transmitted to the power transmission network by all power generation resources in the power distribution network. The starting characteristics of the power generation resources connected to the power distribution network, the positions in the power grid and the paths for transmitting power upwards are different, so that the time and the power for transmitting electric energy to the power transmission network by each power generation resource are different. Meanwhile, when the power grid is completely powered off, all generator sets quit operation, and all lines, transformers and loads lose power, so that when a power transmission path is established upwards, the powered-off transformers and lines need to be charged and started, and part of loads need to be picked up.
In the prior art, a common unit output curve is shown in fig. 2, where P represents the output power of a unit, t represents time, and P representseIndicating rated power, t, of the unitstIndicating the starting time of the unit, Tg cIndicating the time for which the power is absorbed during the set start preparation phase. Referring to fig. 2, the starting process of the unit is as follows: firstly, a preparation stage for starting the unit and the auxiliary machine, wherein the preparation stage is a process for absorbing power from the outside and starting the unit and the auxiliary machine and has a duration Tg c(ii) a At tst+Tg cThen, the unit enters a climbing stage and generates power according to the fixed climbing rate until the rated power P is reachede(ii) a After the climbing stage is finished, the unit is started, and the output power can be set at the rated power P according to the load requirement of the systemeAnd minimum force PminAnd (4) adjusting.
In the preparation phase, the unit and the auxiliary machines need to absorb power from the outside to start. PcrkIndicating the power to be absorbed by the unit at the moment of start-up, tst+Tg cThe time for starting the climbing force after the preparation stage is finished. Therefore, the start-up of the unit needs to satisfy the following two conditions:
1. absorbing power from the outside greater than PcrkThe electric energy of (2) is used for starting;
2. the time for absorbing power reaches Tg c。
In the embodiment, the power generation resource with the self-starting capability in the high-voltage distribution network is considered and utilized, namely, after the unit stops running, the unit can be started by using an emergency power supply or a diesel generator which is equipped by the unit, and the power generation unit does not need to be supported by electric energy outside a power plant. Thus, a power generation resource with self-starting capability does not need to wait for a length of Tg cThe preparation stage of (2) can directly start climbing force.
Since the unit needs to continuously charge the line and the transformer and pick up the necessary load during the process of feeding power upwards, a certain amount of load exists in the processThe external characteristic curve of the upward power transmission of the high-voltage distribution network is the superposition of the upward power transmission characteristic curves of a plurality of units, as shown in fig. 3, wherein t1The slope of the power characteristic is the climbing rate of the self-starting unit until the self-starting unit reaches the rated output P1(ii) a To t2At the moment, the second self-starting unit in the power distribution network transmits electric energy to the large unit of the power transmission network, the slope of the power characteristic is determined by the climbing rate of the two units together, and finally the sum P of the rated power of the two units is achieved1+P2(ii) a Similarly, after the third unit is connected, the power transmitted from the power distribution network to the power transmission network reaches the maximum and is the sum of the rated powers of all the self-starting units. If large energy storage exists in the self-starting unit of the power distribution network, the condition of energy exhaustion of the stored energy needs to be considered. When the energy storage energy is exhausted, the maximum power which can be provided by the power distribution network is the sum of the rated power of the residual self-starting units.
According to the starting conditions of the units, when a large unit in the transmission network is to be started, the condition that the distribution network is connected to the multiple units for transmitting power outwards is as follows: the starting power and time need to meet the requirement that the maximum power transmitted from the power distribution network to the power transmission network is larger than the power P required to be absorbed by the large-scale unit when the unit is startedcrkAnd the time length of power absorption in the starting preparation stage of the continuous unit can be ensured.
Specifically, the utility model relates to a city electric wire netting recovery model based on transmission and distribution cooperation includes:
the power generation capacity of the system is equal to the sum of the power generation capacities of all the units of the system minus the starting requirements of all the non-black start units. The objective function is shown in the following equation (1):
Figure BDA0003217730300000111
wherein, CsysG represents the g-th unit, omega, for the system power generation capacityGRepresenting sets of all units, Cg genRepresents the generating capacity of the unit g, omegaNBSGRepresenting the set of all non-black start units, Cg startIndicating the start-up requirement of the unit g.
The rated power, the climbing rate and the starting power of the unit are all inherent physical properties and are constants. Therefore, the maximum system power generation capacity can be equivalent to the minimum unit starting time, namely, the maximum power generation capacity can be obtained by starting the non-black start unit in the system as soon as possible, and the converted objective function is shown as the following formula (2):
Figure BDA0003217730300000121
wherein, Pg maxRepresenting the maximum power of the unit g, namely the rated power; pg startRepresenting the starting power of the unit g; t is tg startRepresenting the start-up time of the unit g.
The constraints are as shown in the following formulas (3) to (20):
the start-up time constraint is:
Figure BDA0003217730300000122
Figure BDA0003217730300000123
wherein, tg startIndicating the starting time, T, of the unit gg maxIndicating the latest starting time, T, of the unit gg minIndicating the earliest starting time, V, of the unit gTRepresenting a time interval in minutes, equations (2) and (3) representing the starting time of the unit g limited between the earliest starting time and the latest starting time;
the unit output constraint is as follows:
Figure BDA0003217730300000124
wherein, wg,1,t、wg,2,tAnd wg,3,tThe variable is a 0-1 variable and respectively indicates whether the unit g is in a climbing output state, a rated power output state and a preparation stage of starting; v. ofg,1,t，vg,2,tFor auxiliary variables representing time, respectively correspond to wg,1,t、wg,2,tWhen w isg,1,tWhen 1, vg,1,t＝tstWhen w isg,1,tWhen equal to 0, vg,1,t＝0；RgRepresenting the climbing rate of the unit g; t represents the current time; t isg cRepresents the time required for starting; omegat BRepresents the set of all loads; pi,t DRepresenting the power demand, P, of node i at time tg maxRepresenting the maximum power of the unit g, namely the rated power; pg startRepresenting the starting power of the unit g;
the time constraint of each stage of the generator is as follows:
0≤wg,1,t+wg,2,t≤1 (6)
Figure BDA0003217730300000131
Figure BDA0003217730300000132
Figure BDA0003217730300000133
Figure BDA0003217730300000134
Figure BDA0003217730300000135
Figure BDA0003217730300000136
Figure BDA0003217730300000137
Figure BDA0003217730300000138
Figure BDA0003217730300000139
wherein v isg,3,tIs an auxiliary variable representing time, corresponding to wg,3,tWhen w isg,3,tWhen 1, vg,3,t＝tst(ii) a When w isg,3,tWhen equal to 0, vg,3,t＝0；tstIndicating the starting time of the unit, Tg cThe time of absorbing power in the preparation stage of starting the unit is shown, and M is a value greater than vg,h,tPositive integer of (v)g,h,tFor auxiliary variables representing time, h is 1, 2, 3, respectively for vg,1,t、vg,2,tAnd vg,3,t，wg,h,tFor the state variables representing the stage of the unit, h is 1, 2, 3, respectively for wg,1,t、wg,2,tAnd wg,3,tIndicating whether the unit g is in a climbing output state, a rated power output state and a preparation stage of starting at present; t represents the total period of the recovery process, and equation (6) represents wg,1,tAnd wg,2,tThe number of the units g can not be 1 at the same time, namely the unit g can not be in a climbing stage and a maximum output stage at the same time; formula (7) represents if wg,1,tAnd wg,2,t0 at the same time, the time t should be less than or equal to tst+Tg cIf w isg,1,tAnd wg,2,tNot 0 at the same time, the time t should be greater than tst+Tg c(ii) a The formulae (8) to (9) are for vg,h,tIs in the range ofConstraint if wg,1,tWhen is equal to 0, then vg,1,tAlso equal to 0, this constraint does not play a role; if wg,1,tWhen v is equal to 1g,1,t＝tstI.e. when the unit is in the climbing stage, the time t should be greater than tst+Tg cIn the same way, if wg,2,tWhen v is equal to 1g,2,t＝tstI.e. when the unit is in the maximum output stage, the time t should be greater than
Figure BDA0003217730300000141
Formula (10) represents, if wg,1,tIf 1, then the current time must be less than
Figure BDA0003217730300000142
Formulae (11) to (12) are analogous to formulae (7) to (8) if wg,3,tWhen 1, then vg,3,t＝tstI.e. the unit is in the preparation phase of starting, absorbing power from the outside, at which time t should be greater than tst(ii) a The formulae (13) to (14) are for vg,h,tWhen w is limitedg,h,tWhen 0 h vg,h,tWhen w is equal to 0g,h,t1 hour vg,h,t＝tst(ii) a Equation (15) is a constraint on the start-up time, requiring that all units must be started within the recovery time;
the node-line logic constraints are:
-Mubusm t≤ulinemn t≤Mubusm t,mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (16)
-Mubusn t≤ulinemn t≤Mubusn t,mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (17)
-M(ubusm t+ubusn t)≤ulinemn t+1≤M(ubusm t+ubusn t),mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (18)
Figure BDA0003217730300000143
wherein u isbusm tIs a variable from 0 to 1, representing the recovery state of the node m at time t, if ubusm tIf 1, the node m is recovered at time t, and if u is equal to 1busm tIf the value is 0, the node m is not recovered at the time t; u. oflinemn tIs a variable 0-1, representing the recovery state of line mn at time t, ulinemn t1 means that line mn has recovered at time t, otherwise means not recovered; omegalineDenotes the set of all lines, ΩbusRepresents a collection of all nodes; omegaline-mRepresents a set of lines connected to node m; omegabus-BSURepresenting the set of nodes connected to the black start power supply, equations (16) - (17) represent if the nodes at both ends of the line are powered down, i.e., ubusm tAnd ubusn tAt the same time, is 0, then u islinemn t0, i.e. the line is also powered off; equation (18) indicates that at least one of the nodes at the two ends of the line at time t has been recovered, and then at time t +1, the line mn can be recovered; equation (19) indicates that at least one of all lines connected to node m has been recovered and node m can be recovered.
The transmission and distribution cooperative method provided by the embodiment is characterized in that self-starting resources in a high-voltage distribution network, including gas turbines, CHP units, energy storage facilities and the like, are utilized, and a path for upward power transmission is established to recover large units in a power transmission network in advance, so that the number of recovery sub-areas of the power transmission network is increased, and the efficiency of a recovery process is improved. Two cases are involved here: 1. the resources of the power distribution network can support the starting of the unit; 2. and the complete set starting process cannot be supported after the energy storage energy in the power distribution network is exhausted. Aiming at the condition 1, the power generation resources of the power distribution network are sufficient at the moment, and energy can be provided for the starting process of the large-scale unit, namely, the unit of the power transmission network is started by utilizing the power distribution network resources; in case 2, the resources of the power distribution network are limited at the moment, and the large unit cannot be completely started, under the circumstance, the resources of the power distribution network can only be started for the large unit in advance, and before the energy storage energy is exhausted, the large unit is continuously started by using the black start resources of the power transmission network, namely, the large unit is started by using the black start resources of the power transmission networkThe power distribution network resource is cooperated with the transmission network to start the unit, as shown in figure 4, the unit starts from tstStarting in advance by using the resources of the power distribution network at the moment, such as the rectangular part of the dotted line in the figure, at the moment t', because the energy of the energy storage device of the power distribution network is exhausted, the power provided at the moment can not meet the requirement of PcrkThe black start power supply's contribution from the grid is required to sustain the start-up process of a large unit, as shown by the solid rectangular portion of the figure.
The obtained starting constraint of the power distribution network assisted transmission network unit is as follows:
Figure BDA0003217730300000151
wherein, deltag tIs a variable from 0 to 1 and indicates whether the power distribution network connected with the unit g at the time t has enough capacity for supporting the starting of the unit g, if the power distribution network is not connected or the supporting capacity of the connected power distribution network is insufficient, deltag t0, δ if the connected distribution network has support capabilityg t＝1；Pg,DS tThe maximum power of upward power transmission of a power distribution network connected with the unit g at the moment t is represented; pg,TS tAnd (3) the power obtained by the unit g from the black start power supply of the transmission network at the time t is represented, the formula (20) represents that if the power distribution network has the capacity of starting the unit g at the time t, the power distribution network is used for providing output for the unit starting process, and if the power distribution network does not have the capacity of starting the unit g any more at the time t, the black start resource of the transmission network continues to start the unit.
And S3, establishing a power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid recovery model according to the power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid partition basis and the outward power transmission condition of a power distribution network accessed to a plurality of units.
And the model is obtained by taking the maximization of the generating capacity of the system as a target function and taking the starting time constraint, the unit output constraint, the time constraint of each stage of the generator, the node-line logic constraint and the starting constraint of the power distribution network assisted transmission network unit as constraint conditions.
And S4, recovering the urban power grid system according to the solution result of the urban power grid recovery model based on the transmission and distribution coordination.
The following is an application example of the method for recovering an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination according to the present embodiment, and the application example is applied to the test system shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from fig. 5, in the test system shown in fig. 1, there are 39 nodes in total, after the test scenario is an extreme event, all generator sets, lines and nodes in the system are powered off, and only the black-start power supply of the transmission network and the self-start generator set of the distribution network in the system can provide electric energy.
The specific method mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, evaluating the upward supporting feasibility of a high-voltage distribution network, and providing an urban power grid partitioning basis considering transmission and distribution coordination on the basis of the upward supporting feasibility; then, the power transmission characteristics of the power distribution networks are superposed to obtain an outward power transmission characteristic curve of the high-voltage power distribution network, a physical process is converted into mathematical constraint, the outward power transmission characteristics of the power distribution networks connected to the multiple units are considered, and a mathematical model of outward power transmission is established; and finally, establishing a city power grid system partition parallel recovery model considering transmission and distribution coordination. The method can be used as a reference for decision making of power grid dispatching personnel in the case of a blackout accident of an urban power grid, and can utilize resources of a high-voltage distribution network to carry out transmission and distribution cooperation when blackout resources in a power transmission network are deficient in the initial stage of power failure of a power system, comprehensively consider the blackout resources of the whole network, accelerate a recovery process and reduce loss caused by power failure.
The method comprises the following steps: according to the fault situation shown in fig. 5, the units needing to be started are set to be G1-G9, and G10 is the black start power supply of the power transmission network.
Step two: setting the supporting capacity condition of each large unit accessed to the power distribution network, wherein the power distribution network with the capacity of starting the large unit is accessed at the positions G3 and G4, and starting the large unit at the 2 nd moment and the 3 rd moment respectively; and a power distribution network equipped with an energy storage device is connected to the place G9, the time for which the energy storage can supply power is 4 time intervals, and after the energy is exhausted, the black-start resource G10 of the power distribution network supplies power to the power distribution network.
Step three: and (4) solving by using a commercial modeling tool and a solver. Solving the recovery problem of the urban power grid system based on the transmission and distribution coordination, wherein the obtained optimal target value is 26562, the following table 1 is a recovery strategy solution result, the following table 2 is a recovery result comparison considering the transmission and distribution coordination, and the method is compared with the original recovery method only having one black start power supply by referring to the table 2.
TABLE 1 recovery strategy solution results
Figure BDA0003217730300000171
Table 2 comparison of recovery results considering delivery and distribution synergy
Figure BDA0003217730300000181
Those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned application types of the input box are only examples, and other existing or future application types of the input box, such as those applicable to the embodiments of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention and are also included herein by reference.
In practical applications, the signal processing device may be disposed at another position inside the electronic transformer. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the specific placement position of the signal processing device, and any placement manner of the signal processing device in the interior of the electronic transformer is within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the various network elements shown in fig. 1 for simplicity only may be fewer in number than in an actual network, but such omissions are clearly not to be considered as a prerequisite for a clear and complete disclosure of the inventive embodiments.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of determining the invoking policy according to the user information is only for better illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Any method of determining the invoking policy based on the user attributes is included in the scope of embodiments of the present invention.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes black start resources in the high voltage distribution network, and charges and starts the non-black start unit in the power transmission network in advance, thereby reducing the power transmission time from the black start power supply to the non-black start power supply of the power transmission network, and accelerating the start of the unit of the power network; meanwhile, the unit started by the high-voltage distribution network has black starting capability equivalently and is used for starting other large-scale units, so that the number of recovery subareas of the system is increased, the recovery efficiency is improved, and the power-off time is shortened.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A recovery method of an urban power grid system based on transmission and distribution coordination is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, evaluating the upward supporting feasibility of the high-voltage distribution network as a basis for partitioning the urban power grid in transmission and distribution coordination;
s2, analyzing the outward power transmission characteristics of the high-voltage power distribution network to obtain outward power transmission conditions of the power distribution network connected to a plurality of units;
s3, establishing a power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid recovery model according to the power transmission and distribution coordination-based urban power grid partition basis and the outward power transmission condition of a power distribution network accessed to a plurality of units;
s4, recovering the urban power grid system according to the solution result of the urban power grid recovery model based on the transmission and distribution coordination.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said assessing the feasibility of upward support of a high voltage distribution network comprises satisfying the following conditions:
s11, the transmission network and the distribution network share necessary information;
s12, resources in the power distribution network can support long-distance reverse continuous power transmission;
s13, when the power distribution network transmits power upwards, the load picking capacity is provided to ensure the reactive power and voltage balance of the system and prevent the load flow of the transformer and the line from overloading;
s14, when starting the unit in the transmission network, the power distribution network resource needs to carry enough load to prevent the occurrence of reverse power trip phenomenon and to meet the minimum output requirement of the unit to be started;
s15, after starting the unit in the transmission network, the power distribution network resource needs to pick up the load continuously, and the started unit is guaranteed to have the lowest technical output requirement of continuous and stable operation for tens of minutes or even hours;
s16, the problem of self excitation and overvoltage does not occur to the unit to be started which is started by the power distribution network resources, and the extreme voltage is guaranteed not to exceed the limit during the empty charging process;
when an air charging transformer is upwards transmitted by a distribution network S17, excessive excitation inrush current needs to be avoided so as to prevent the problems of overcurrent protection, negative sequence current protection, silicon controlled overtemperature protection and system low voltage of a generator;
and S18, ensuring that the unit N-1 rotates for standby in the power transmission process, wherein N represents the number of all equipment in the power grid, and N-1 rotates for standby and represents that the power system can ensure safe and stable operation after any unit quits operation.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the distribution network is a power distribution networkThe outward power transmission condition of the plurality of units is as follows: the starting power and time need to meet the requirement that the maximum power transmitted from the power distribution network to the power transmission network is larger than the power P required to be absorbed by the large-scale unit when the unit is startedcrkAnd the time length of power absorption in the starting preparation stage of the continuous unit can be ensured.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the urban power grid restoration model based on transmission and distribution coordination is a model obtained by taking the maximization of the system power generation capacity as an objective function and taking a starting time constraint, a unit output constraint, a generator stage time constraint, a node-line logic constraint and a distribution network assisted transmission network unit starting constraint as constraint conditions.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the city power grid restoration model based on transmission and distribution coordination comprises:
the objective function is shown in the following equation (1):
Figure FDA0003217730290000021
wherein, Pg maxRepresenting the maximum power of the unit g, namely the rated power; pg startRepresenting the starting power of the unit g; t is tg startRepresenting the start-up time of the unit g.
The constraints are shown in the following formulas (2) to (19):
the start-up time constraint is:
Figure FDA0003217730290000022
Figure FDA0003217730290000023
wherein, tg startTo representStarting time of the unit g, Tg maxIndicating the latest starting time, T, of the unit gg minIndicating the earliest starting time, V, of the unit gTRepresenting a time interval in minutes, equations (2) and (3) representing the starting time of the unit g limited between the earliest starting time and the latest starting time;
the unit output constraint is as follows:
Figure FDA0003217730290000031
wherein, wg,1,t、wg,2,tAnd wg,3,tThe variable is a 0-1 variable and respectively indicates whether the unit g is in a climbing output state, a rated power output state and a preparation stage of starting; v. ofg,1,t，vg,2,tFor auxiliary variables representing time, respectively correspond to wg,1,t、wg,2,tWhen w isg,1,tWhen 1, vg,1,t＝tstWhen w isg,1,tWhen equal to 0, vg,1,t＝0；RgRepresenting the climbing rate of the unit g; t represents the current time; t isg cRepresents the time required for starting; omegat BRepresents the set of all loads; pi,t DRepresenting the power demand, P, of node i at time tg maxRepresenting the maximum power of the unit g, namely the rated power; pg startRepresenting the starting power of the unit g;
the time constraint of each stage of the generator is as follows:
0≤wg,1,t+wg,2,t≤1 (5)
Figure FDA0003217730290000032
Figure FDA0003217730290000033
Figure FDA0003217730290000034
Figure FDA0003217730290000035
Figure FDA0003217730290000036
Figure FDA0003217730290000037
Figure FDA0003217730290000038
Figure FDA0003217730290000039
Figure FDA00032177302900000310
wherein v isg,3,tIs an auxiliary variable representing time, corresponding to wg,3,tWhen w isg,3,tWhen 1, vg,3,t＝tst(ii) a When w isg,3,tWhen equal to 0, vg,3,t＝0；tstIndicating the starting time of the unit, Tg cThe time of absorbing power in the preparation stage of starting the unit is shown, and M is a value greater than vg,h,tPositive integer of (v)g,h,tFor auxiliary variables representing time, h is 1, 2, 3, respectively for vg,1,t、vg,2,tAnd vg,3,t，wg,h,tFor the state variables representing the stage of the unit, h is 1, 2, 3, respectivelywg,1,t、wg,2,tAnd wg,3,tIndicating whether the unit g is in a climbing output state, a rated power output state and a preparation stage of starting at present; t represents the total period of the recovery process, and equation (5) represents wg,1,tAnd wg,2,tThe number of the units g can not be 1 at the same time, namely the unit g can not be in a climbing stage and a maximum output stage at the same time; formula (6) represents if wg,1,tAnd wg,2,t0 at the same time, the time t should be less than or equal to tst+Tg cIf w isg,1,tAnd wg,2,tNot 0 at the same time, the time t should be greater than tst+Tg c(ii) a The formulae (7) to (8) are for vg,h,tIs restricted if wg,1,tWhen is equal to 0, then vg,1,tAlso equal to 0, this constraint does not play a role; if wg,1,tWhen v is equal to 1g,1,t＝tstI.e. when the unit is in the climbing stage, the time t should be greater than tst+Tg cIn the same way, if wg,2,tWhen v is equal to 1g,2,t＝tstI.e. when the unit is in the maximum output stage, the time t should be greater than
Figure FDA0003217730290000041
Formula (9) represents, if wg,1,tIf 1, then the current time must be less than
Figure FDA0003217730290000042
Formulae (10) to (11) are analogous to formulae (7) to (8) if wg,3,tWhen 1, then vg,3,t＝tstI.e. the unit is in the preparation phase of starting, absorbing power from the outside, at which time t should be greater than tst(ii) a The formulae (12) to (13) are for vg,h,tWhen w is limitedg,h,tWhen 0 h vg,h,tWhen w is equal to 0g,h,t1 hour vg,h,t＝tst(ii) a Equation (14) is a constraint on the start-up time, requiring that all units must be started within the recovery time;
the node-line logic constraints are:
-Mubusm t≤ulinemn t≤Mubusm t,mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (15)
-Mubusn t≤ulinemn t≤Mubusn t,mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (16)
-M(ubusm t+ubusn t)≤ulinemn t+1≤M(ubusm t+ubusn t),mn∈Ωline,m&n∈Ωbus (17)
Figure FDA0003217730290000043
wherein u isbusm tIs a variable from 0 to 1, representing the recovery state of the node m at time t, if ubusm tIf 1, the node m is recovered at time t, and if u is equal to 1busm tIf the value is 0, the node m is not recovered at the time t; u. oflinemn tIs a variable 0-1, representing the recovery state of line mn at time t, ulinemn t1 means that line mn has recovered at time t, otherwise means not recovered; omegalineDenotes the set of all lines, ΩbusRepresents a collection of all nodes; omegaline-mRepresents a set of lines connected to node m; omegabus-BSURepresenting the set of nodes connected to the black start power supply, equations (15) - (16) represent if the nodes at both ends of the line are powered down, i.e., ubusm tAnd ubusn tAt the same time, is 0, then u islinemn t0, i.e. the line is also powered off; formula (17) indicates that at least one of the nodes at the two ends of the line at the time t is recovered, and then at the time t +1, the line mn can be recovered; equation (18) indicates that at least one of all lines connected to node m has been restored, and node m can be restored;
the starting constraint of the power distribution network assisted transmission network unit is as follows:
Figure FDA0003217730290000051
wherein, deltag tIs a variable from 0 to 1 and indicates whether the power distribution network connected with the unit g at the time t has enough capacity for supporting the starting of the unit g, if the power distribution network is not connected or the supporting capacity of the connected power distribution network is insufficient, deltag t0, δ if the connected distribution network has support capabilityg t＝1；Pg,DS tThe maximum power of upward power transmission of a power distribution network connected with the unit g at the moment t is represented; pg,TS tAnd (3) the power obtained by the unit g from the black start power supply of the transmission network at the time t is shown, the formula (19) shows that if the power distribution network has the capacity of starting the unit g at the time t, the power distribution network is used for providing output for the unit starting process, and if the power distribution network does not have the capacity of starting the unit g any more at the time t, the black start resource of the transmission network continues to start the unit.
6. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that said necessary information includes operational conditions, information on the units of the transmission and distribution network and information on the current on the tie line.
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