CN113888011A - Chicken coop internal environment evaluation method based on grey correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for evaluating environment in a henhouse based on gray correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process, which comprises the following steps of: collecting environmental indexes and production performance index data, calculating gray correlation coefficients among the environmental indexes and the production performance indexes, further screening environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors, establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, constructing a judgment matrix according to gray correlation degrees and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, calculating the weight of each environmental index factor, considering expert opinions, establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of a full period range, and evaluating the environment of the henhouse according to the weight of each environmental index factor. The henhouse environment evaluation method based on the grey correlation analysis and the analytic hierarchy process can screen the main influence index factors of the henhouse environment comprehensive evaluation, improves the construction method of the judgment matrix in the analytic hierarchy process by using the grey correlation degree, and eliminates the influence of artificial subjective factors on an evaluation model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a henhouse internal environment evaluation method based on grey correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process.
Background
With the development of chicken raising industry in China, large-scale breeding becomes a trend. The livestock and poultry breeding with standardized scale is proposed in China, and the livestock and poultry breeding is correspondingly transformed by taking the regulation of breeding facility, large-scale production, improved breeding of livestock and poultry, epidemic prevention, no pollution and normalization as the standard. Compared with developed countries, the key difference lies in the aspects of breeding environment, facilities and environment control technology, and moving foreign management measures cannot completely meet the environmental requirements of China, so that the environment control technology of the people is required to be explored on the basis of advanced production equipment. Because the parameters related to the environment of the henhouse are more, an index capable of comprehensively evaluating the environment of the henhouse is needed to help people to evaluate the environment of the henhouse more effectively, and the improvement of a control method of the environment of the henhouse is facilitated.
In recent years, the technology of the internet of things based on 'perception' is rapidly developed and industrialization gradually permeates all industries, the development of agricultural internet of things including the livestock and poultry industry is also very rapid, and the development of the agricultural internet of things is greatly promoted by using a sensor. Environmental monitoring systems based on the internet of things of livestock and poultry have continuously monitored a large amount of field data, such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, ammonia concentration and the like. The problems that the environment in the house is accurately evaluated and reasonably regulated on the basis of analyzing the environmental parameters in the house are faced at present. Barott and the like indicate that the laying hens can maintain the balance of heat production and heat dissipation of the laying hens within the range of 18-26 ℃, namely the temperature of 18-26 ℃ is the temperature which the laying hens feel comfortable. Cerci et al (Cerci, Tath, Azman, & Birben, 2003) consider that 16-25 ℃ is an environmental temperature suitable for growth of laying hens. The Marsden et al (Marsden & Morris, 1987) study showed that the optimum production environment for the laying hens was 21 ℃ and that changing the feed composition above 30 ℃ was not sufficient to counteract the effect of temperature on the laying hens' production.
At present, the research on the evaluation aspect of poultry breeding Welfare is more, and the evaluation methods commonly used internationally mainly comprise Welfare Quality and Assurewel poultry breeding Welfare evaluation systems. However, environmental indicators in the chicken coop are not considered much, and only two environmental indicators, namely ammonia and dust, are involved in an Assurewel welfare evaluation system. On the basis of Duchenyi, Baishibao, Wangqiang, xuanxi and the like, environmental indexes such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, temperature, humidity, wind speed and the like are added in a welfare index evaluation system of the situation of the chicken coop or comprehensive environment evaluation of the chicken coop. However, light and Particulate Matter (PM) in the house are not considered2.5、PM10) And H2S and other environmental factors on poultry breeding. And the selection of the environmental indexes usually depends on personal experience and preference, and only individual environmental indexes are selected for evaluation, thereby influencing the screening of main influence factors of the comprehensive environmental evaluation.
In the existing chicken coop production environment of China, a semi-closed type is mostly adopted in summer, temperature control equipment in the coop mainly uses a fan and a water curtain, and temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide and PM are generated in the process of ventilation and cooling2.5The environmental parameters are changed, and particularly, the environmental factors outside the house also have great influence on the environment inside the house. The environmental factors in the henhouse are coupled with each other, so that the complexity of comprehensive evaluation of the henhouse environment is increased, and at the moment, it is necessary to find a main influence factor among the environmental factors. Therefore, it is necessary to design a henhouse environment evaluation method based on gray correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a henhouse environment evaluation method based on gray correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process, which can be used for screening main influence index factors for henhouse environment comprehensive evaluation, improves evaluation accuracy, improves a construction method of a judgment matrix in the analytic hierarchy process by using gray correlation, and eliminates the influence of artificial subjective factors on an evaluation model.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method for evaluating the environment in a henhouse based on grey correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting data of environmental indexes and production performance indexes, and calculating a gray correlation coefficient between the environmental indexes and the production performance indexes;
step 2: calculating a gray correlation degree according to the gray correlation coefficient obtained by calculation, and screening an environment comprehensive evaluation main influence index factor according to the gray correlation degree;
and step 3: and establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model according to the main influence index factors of the environment comprehensive evaluation, constructing a judgment matrix according to the gray level correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, and calculating the weight of each environment index factor.
And 4, step 4: and establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of the whole period range by considering expert opinions, and evaluating the environment of the henhouse according to the weight of each environmental index factor.
Optionally, in step 1, data of the environmental index and the production performance index are collected, and a gray correlation between the environmental index and the production performance index is calculated, specifically:
collecting environmental index and production performance index data, wherein the environmental index comprises the air quality in the house, the temperature in the house, the humidity in the house, the noise in the house, the light in the house and the environment outside the house, and the air quality in the house comprises the carbon dioxide content, the total number of bacterial colonies in the air, the ammonia content, the hydrogen sulfide content, the PM2.5Content and PM10The content, house internal noise include noise frequency and noise decibel, house internal light line includes illuminance and light colour temperature, house external environment includes house external temperature, house external humidity house external wind speed and house external illuminance, production performance index includes dead panningRate, broiler weight, shin length, laying rate;
taking the environmental index as a reference sequence reflecting the behavior characteristics of the system and marking as X0Namely:
X0＝[X0(1),X0(2),...,X0(k)] (1)
in the formula, k is the serial number of the environmental index factor of the single henhouse, and the production performance index is used as a comparative sequence influencing the system behavior and is marked as XiNamely:
Xi＝[Xi(1),Xi(2),...,Xi(k)] (2)
in the formula, k is the serial number of the performance index factor of a single chicken;
will refer to the number sequence X0And comparing the series XiPerforming dimensionless processing, and calculating reference number sequence X after the processing is completed0And comparing the series XiThe absolute difference of (a), namely:
Δi(k)＝|X0(k)-Xi(k)| (3)
in the formula,. DELTA.i(k) Is a reference number sequence X0And comparing the series XiAbsolute difference at kth index factor;
calculating a gray correlation coefficient according to the absolute difference value, wherein the gray correlation coefficient is as follows:
in the formula, xii(k) Is a reference number sequence X0And comparing the series XiGrey correlation coefficient at kth index factor, minmin Δi(k) Is a second order minimum difference, maxmax Δi(k) And p is a resolution coefficient, and is taken as 0.5.
Optionally, reference number sequence X0And comparing the series XiPerforming dimensionless treatment, specifically:
reference number sequence X based on normalization transformation method, exponential transformation method or segmentation grading transformation method0And comparing the series XiTo carry outAnd (5) performing dimensionalization processing.
Optionally, in step 2, the gray correlation coefficient is calculated according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient, and the environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factor is screened according to the gray correlation coefficient, specifically:
calculating the gray correlation degree according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient as follows:
in the formula, RiFor comparison of sequences XiFor reference sequence X0Degree of gray correlation of, ωiThe weight of the grey correlation coefficient is obtained, N is the number of the environment index factors, and the grey correlation degree R is obtainediSorting the values of the parameters from large to small, eliminating environmental index factors which have little influence on production performance indexes, and screening the main influence index factors for comprehensive evaluation of the environment in the henhouse.
Optionally, in step 3, an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model is established according to the environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors, a judgment matrix is constructed according to the gray level correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, and the weight of each environmental index factor is calculated, specifically:
establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, which comprises a target layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, wherein the criterion layer is an environment index and specifically comprises a house air quality, a house temperature, a house humidity, a house noise, a house light and a house external environment, the index layer is an environment index factor corresponding to the environment index of the criterion layer, the house air quality in the criterion layer comprises a carbon dioxide content, a colony total number in the air, an ammonia content, a hydrogen sulfide content, a PM2.5 content and a PM10 content, the house noise comprises a noise frequency and a noise decibel, the house light comprises a light illumination and a light color temperature, the house external environment comprises a house external temperature, a house external humidity, a house external wind speed and a house external light illumination, and the target layer represents a final evaluation result;
according to the gray correlation degree obtained by calculation and an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, the gray correlation degree of each environment index factor is compared pairwise at the same level, and the difference of the gray correlation degrees of each environment index factor is calculated, namely:
Δij＝ai-aj (6)
in the formula,. DELTA.ijGrey correlation a being an environmental index factor iiGrey correlation a with environmental index factor jjDifference of when ΔijWhen the gray level is greater than 0, i.e. the gray level of the environment index factor iiDegree of grey correlation a to environmental index factor jjMore importantly, will beijMapping to a nine-level scale range yields:
in the formula, max ΔijIs the maximum value of gray correlation degree of the same group of environment index factors, m is a scale range, 9 is taken, a isijRounding off and calculating the corresponding ajiObtaining:
according to aijAnd ajiThe judgment matrix of the layer is obtained as follows:
calculating the eigenvalue and the eigenvector of the judgment matrix according to the judgment matrix, and calculating the following formula according to the eigenvalue and the eigenvector:
RW＝λmaxW (10)
in the formula, λmaxIn order to judge the maximum characteristic value of the matrix, normalizing the obtained W to obtain the weight of the corresponding environment index factor;
and calculating a random consistency ratio CR according to the judgment matrix, judging that the judgment matrix R has acceptable consistency when CR is less than 0.10, and otherwise, adjusting and correcting the judgment matrix R.
Optionally, in step 4, expert opinions are considered to establish scoring standards of all environmental factors of the chickens in all stages of the whole period range, and then the environment of the henhouse is evaluated according to the weight of all environmental index factors, specifically:
according to the weight of each environmental index factor, combining with the expert opinions, establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in the whole period range according to the variety of the chickens, the climate type of the geographical position of the chicken house and the season of the chicken house during evaluation, and evaluating the environment of the chicken house.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the method combines a gray correlation analysis method and an analytic hierarchy process, improves artificial subjective assignment to weight in the analytic hierarchy process by using the gray correlation analysis method, eliminates the influence of artificial subjective factors on an evaluation model, enables the evaluation model to be more objective and reasonable, screens main influence index factors for comprehensive evaluation of the environment in the henhouse by using the gray correlation analysis method, and rejects environmental indexes which have little influence on production performance indexes; the method comprises the steps of collecting environmental index and production performance index data, calculating a gray correlation coefficient between the environmental index and the production performance index, calculating a gray correlation degree according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient, screening environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors according to the gray correlation degree, establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model according to the environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors, constructing a judgment matrix according to the gray correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, calculating the weight of each environmental index factor, establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of the whole period range according to the weight of each environmental index factor and expert opinions, and evaluating the environment of the henhouse.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the environment in a chicken coop based on gray correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a henhouse environment evaluation method based on gray correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process, which can be used for screening main influence index factors for henhouse environment comprehensive evaluation, improves evaluation accuracy, improves a construction method of a judgment matrix in the analytic hierarchy process by using gray correlation, and eliminates the influence of artificial subjective factors on an evaluation model.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating an environment in a chicken coop based on gray correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: collecting data of environmental indexes and production performance indexes, and calculating a gray correlation coefficient between the environmental indexes and the production performance indexes;
step 2: calculating a gray correlation degree according to the gray correlation coefficient obtained by calculation, and screening an environment comprehensive evaluation main influence index factor according to the gray correlation degree;
and step 3: and establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model according to the main influence index factors of the environment comprehensive evaluation, constructing a judgment matrix according to the gray level correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, and calculating the weight of each environment index factor.
And 4, step 4: and establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of the whole period range by considering expert opinions, and evaluating the environment of the henhouse according to the weight of each environmental index factor.
In step 1, collecting data of environmental indexes and production performance indexes, and calculating gray correlation between the environmental indexes and the production performance indexes, specifically:
collecting environmental indexes and production performance index data, wherein the environmental indexes comprise the air quality in the house, the temperature in the house, the humidity in the house, the noise in the house, the light in the house and the environment outside the house, the air quality in the house comprises the carbon dioxide content, the total number of bacterial colonies in the air, the ammonia content, the hydrogen sulfide content, the PM2.5 content and the PM10 content, the noise in the house comprises the noise frequency and the noise decibel, the light in the house comprises the illumination and the light color temperature, the environment outside the house comprises the temperature outside the house, the humidity outside the house and the illumination outside the house, and the production performance indexes comprise the death and culling rate, the weight of broiler chickens, the length of shin bones and the laying rate of laying hens;
the henhouse can be regarded as a typical grey system, the system input quantity is each environmental index, the system output quantity is the production performance index of the chicken, the stress response of the chicken is not suitable to be excessively increased, the production performance index of the chicken cannot be acquired in real time, and the acquisition work of the production performance index of the chicken can be carried out at 8 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days, 35 days and 43 days;
the grey correlation analysis method is an analysis method of grey system theory, is applicable regardless of the sample size and the irregularity, and has the idea that all factors are drawn into a sequence curve, the correlation degree of all factors is obtained through the similarity degree of the geometric shapes of the factors, the closer the shapes of the curves are, the greater the correlation of the corresponding judged sequences is, the method is mainly used for the conditions that the data is less, and the main factors and the secondary factors are difficult to distinguish, the grey correlation analysis method is used for the invention, and the basic operation steps are as follows:
determining a reference array reflecting system behavior characteristics and influencing systemComparison sequence of behaviors, taking environmental index as reference sequence and recording as X0Namely:
X0＝[X0(1),X0(2),...,X0(k)] (1)
in the formula, k is the serial number of the environmental index factor of the single henhouse, and the production performance index is taken as a comparison serial number and is marked as XiNamely:
Xi＝[Xi(1),Xi(2),...,Xi(k)] (2)
in the formula, k is the serial number of the performance index factor of a single chicken;
will refer to the number sequence X0And comparing the series XiPerforming dimensionless processing, and calculating reference number sequence X after the processing is completed0And comparing the series XiThe absolute difference of (a), namely:
Δi(k)＝|X0(k)-Xi(k)| (3)
in the formula,. DELTA.i(k) Is a reference number sequence X0And comparing the series XiAbsolute difference at kth index factor;
the grey correlation coefficient is an expression form of correlation in grey theory, the correlation substantially refers to the difference degree of geometric shapes between curves, therefore, the difference value between the curves can be used as a size for measuring the correlation degree, in the grey correlation analysis method, the correlation coefficient is the geometric distance between each time point of a reference number sequence and a comparison sequence, the larger the value of the correlation coefficient is, the larger the correlation degree of the two index number sequences on corresponding indexes is, the grey correlation coefficient is calculated according to the absolute difference value, and is:
in the formula, xii(k) Is a reference number sequence X0And comparing the series XiGrey correlation coefficient at kth index factor, minmin Δi(k) Is a second order minimum difference, maxmax Δi(k) The rho is a second-order maximum difference and is a resolution coefficient, and the rho is 0.5 in the method.
Will refer to the number sequence X0And comparing the series XiPerforming dimensionless treatment, specifically:
because each index has difference in meaning, content, value standard and the like, the dimension of data is generally different and is inconvenient for uniform comparison, so in order to make the index comparable, in the application of a grey correlation method, the data is generally subjected to dimensionless processing, the respective effective factors of each data are eliminated, the data are converted into the standard order-magnitude dimensionless data under uniform scale, and the indexes are convenient to compare and analyze0And comparing the series XiAnd carrying out dimensionless treatment.
In step 2, calculating a gray correlation degree according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient, and screening an environment comprehensive evaluation main influence index factor according to the gray correlation degree, specifically:
because the gray correlation coefficient is the correlation degree of the reference sequence and the comparison sequence and is the correlation degree at different time points, the correlation coefficient is more than one, is distributed and is not uniformly compared, the gray correlation degree is a value obtained by concentrating the correlation coefficients, and can reflect the correlation degree of the reference sequence and other indexes as a whole through a certain method, the larger the gray correlation degree value is, the stronger the correlation is, and the gray correlation degree is calculated according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient:
in the formula, RiFor comparison of sequences XiFor reference sequence X0Degree of gray correlation of, ωiThe weight of the grey correlation coefficient is obtained, N is the number of the environment index factors, and the grey correlation degree R is obtainediThe values of the parameters are sorted from large to small, environmental index factors which have little influence on production performance indexes are removed, and the main influence index factors of the environment in the henhouse are comprehensively evaluatedAnd (4) screening.
In step 3, an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model is established according to the environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors, a judgment matrix is constructed according to the gray level correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, and the weight of each environmental index factor is calculated, specifically:
as shown in fig. 2, the henhouse environment evaluation indexes are divided according to different attributes of the henhouse environment evaluation indexes, an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model is established, the henhouse environment evaluation model comprises a target layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, wherein the criterion layer is an environment index and specifically comprises the air quality in the henhouse, the temperature in the henhouse, the humidity in the henhouse, the noise in the henhouse, the light in the henhouse and the environment outside the henhouse, the index layer is an environment index factor corresponding to the environment index of the criterion layer, wherein the air quality in the henhouse in the criterion layer comprises the carbon dioxide content, the colony total number in the air, the ammonia content, the hydrogen sulfide content, the PM2.5 content and the PM10 content, the noise in the henhouse comprises the noise frequency and the noise decibel, the light line in the henhouse comprises the illuminance and the light color temperature, the environment outside environment comprises the temperature outside the henhouse, the humidity outside the henhouse wind speed and the outside light illuminance, and the henhouse environment outside the henhouse in autumn, the henhouse environment factor in the henhouse has a large influence on the henhouse environment in the henhouse due to the adoption of a semi-closed management, therefore, the standard layer and the index layer contain the environment outside the henhouse, if the henhouse adopts closed management in winter and the influence of the environment factors outside the henhouse on the environment inside the henhouse is less, the environment outside the henhouse in the standard layer and the index layer can be removed during evaluation, and the target layer represents the final result of the evaluation;
after an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model is established, the membership relationship between upper and lower elements is determined, the upper element is used as a criterion, two-two comparison is carried out on the lower element to construct a judgment matrix, the current analytic hierarchy process constructs the judgment matrix, a nine-level scale method is mostly used, namely a nine-level scale is constructed between the most important index and the least important index according to the importance degree, two-two comparison is carried out on the evaluation indexes by experts, and subjective assignment is carried out to construct the judgment matrix, wherein the specific table is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 nine scale method
In order to overcome the defect that subjective factors have a large influence on an evaluation result, the method adopts a gray relevance improvement judgment matrix construction method of each environmental index factor, and since the gray relevance of each environmental index factor reflects the importance degree of each environmental index factor on production performance indexes, the gray relevance of each environmental index factor is compared pairwise, and the difference value is mapped into the scale range, and the specific method is as follows:
according to the gray correlation degree obtained by calculation and an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, the gray correlation degree of each environment index factor is compared pairwise at the same level, and the difference of the gray correlation degrees of each environment index factor is calculated, namely:
Δij＝ai-aj (6)
in the formula,. DELTA.ijGrey correlation a being an environmental index factor iiGrey correlation a with environmental index factor jjDifference of when ΔijWhen the gray level is greater than 0, i.e. the gray level of the environment index factor iiDegree of grey correlation a to environmental index factor jjMore importantly, will beijMapping to a nine-level scale range yields:
in the formula, max ΔijM is the maximum value of gray correlation of the same group of environmental index factors, m is the scale range, so the analytic hierarchy process adopts a nine-level scale method, so m is 9, and a isijRounding off and calculating the corresponding ajiObtaining:
according to aijAnd ajiThe judgment matrix of the layer is obtained as follows:
calculating the eigenvalue and the eigenvector of the judgment matrix according to the judgment matrix, and calculating the following formula according to the eigenvalue and the eigenvector:
RW＝λmaxW (10)
in the formula, λmaxIn order to judge the maximum characteristic value of the matrix, normalizing the obtained W to obtain the weight of the corresponding environment index factor;
in order to ensure the reasonability of the results, consistency check is also needed. And introducing a random consistency ratio CR in the analytic hierarchy process, calculating the random consistency ratio CR according to a judgment matrix, judging that the matrix R has acceptable consistency when the CR is less than 0.10, and otherwise, adjusting and correcting the judgment matrix R.
In step 4, establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of the whole period range by considering expert opinions, and evaluating the environment of the henhouse according to the weight of each environmental index factor, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the chickens of different ages in days have different requirements on the environment, and according to the calculated weight values of the environmental index factors and the expert opinions, the evaluation standards of all the environmental factors of the chickens in the whole period range are established according to the varieties of the chickens, the climate types of the geographical positions of the chicken houses and the seasons of the chickens during evaluation, so that the environment of the chicken houses is evaluated.
The method combines a gray correlation analysis method and an analytic hierarchy process, improves artificial subjective assignment to weight in the analytic hierarchy process by using the gray correlation analysis method, eliminates the influence of artificial subjective factors on an evaluation model, enables the evaluation model to be more objective and reasonable, screens main influence index factors for comprehensive evaluation of the environment in the henhouse by using the gray correlation analysis method, and rejects environmental indexes which have little influence on production performance indexes; the method comprises the steps of collecting environmental index and production performance index data, calculating a gray correlation coefficient between the environmental index and the production performance index, calculating a gray correlation degree according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient, screening environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors according to the gray correlation degree, establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model according to the environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors, constructing a judgment matrix according to the gray correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, calculating the weight of each environmental index factor, establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of a whole period range by considering expert opinions, and evaluating the environment of the henhouse according to the weight of each environmental index factor.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for evaluating the environment in a henhouse based on gray correlation analysis and an analytic hierarchy process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: collecting data of environmental indexes and production performance indexes, and calculating a gray correlation coefficient between the environmental indexes and the production performance indexes;
step 2: calculating a gray correlation degree according to the gray correlation coefficient obtained by calculation, and screening an environment comprehensive evaluation main influence index factor according to the gray correlation degree;
and step 3: and establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model according to the main influence index factors of the environment comprehensive evaluation, constructing a judgment matrix according to the gray level correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, and calculating the weight of each environment index factor.
And 4, step 4: and establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of the whole period range by considering expert opinions, and evaluating the environment of the henhouse according to the weight of each environmental index factor.
2. The henhouse environment evaluation method based on the gray correlation analysis and the analytic hierarchy process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, data of environmental indicators and production performance indicators are collected, and gray correlation between the environmental indicators and the production performance indicators is calculated, specifically:
collecting environmental index and production performance index data, wherein the environmental index comprises the air quality in the house, the temperature in the house, the humidity in the house, the noise in the house, the light in the house and the environment outside the house, and the air quality in the house comprises the carbon dioxide content, the total number of bacterial colonies in the air, the ammonia content, the hydrogen sulfide content, the PM2.5Content and PM10The method comprises the following steps of (1) content, wherein noise in the house comprises noise frequency and noise decibel, light lines in the house comprise illuminance and light color temperature, an environment outside the house comprises temperature outside the house, humidity outside the house and wind speed outside the house and illuminance outside the house, and production performance indexes comprise death and culling rate, broiler weight, shin length and laying hen egg laying rate;
taking the environmental index as a reference sequence reflecting the behavior characteristics of the system and marking as X0Namely:
X0＝[X0(1),X0(2),...,X0(k)] (1)
in the formula, k is the serial number of the environmental index factor of the single henhouse, and the production performance index is used as a comparative sequence influencing the system behavior and is marked as XiNamely:
Xi＝[Xi(1),Xi(2),...,Xi(k)] (2)
in the formula, k is the serial number of the performance index factor of a single chicken;
will refer to the number sequence X0And comparing the series XiPerforming dimensionless processing, and calculating reference number sequence X after the processing is completed0And comparing the series XiThe absolute difference of (a), namely:
Δi(k)＝|X0(k)-Xi(k)| (3)
in the formula,. DELTA.i(k) Is composed ofReference series X0And comparing the series XiAbsolute difference at kth index factor;
calculating a gray correlation coefficient according to the absolute difference value, wherein the gray correlation coefficient is as follows:
in the formula, xii(k) Is a reference number sequence X0And comparing the series XiGrey correlation coefficient at kth index factor, minmin Δi(k) Is a second order minimum difference, maxmax Δi(k) And p is a resolution coefficient, and is taken as 0.5.
3. The method for evaluating environment in henhouse based on gray correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process of claim 2, wherein the reference number sequence X is0And comparing the series XiPerforming dimensionless treatment, specifically:
reference number sequence X based on normalization transformation method, exponential transformation method or segmentation grading transformation method0And comparing the series XiAnd carrying out dimensionless treatment.
4. The henhouse environment evaluation method based on the gray correlation analysis and the analytic hierarchy process of claim 3, wherein in the step 2, the gray correlation degree is calculated according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient, and the environment comprehensive evaluation main influence index factor is screened according to the gray correlation degree, specifically:
calculating the gray correlation degree according to the calculated gray correlation coefficient as follows:
in the formula, RiFor comparison of sequences XiFor reference sequence X0Degree of gray correlation of, ωiIs the weight of grey correlation coefficient, N is the environmental index factorThe number of children according to the grey correlation degree RiSorting the values of the parameters from large to small, eliminating environmental index factors which have little influence on production performance indexes, and screening the main influence index factors for comprehensive evaluation of the environment in the henhouse.
5. The henhouse environment evaluation method based on gray correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process of claim 4, wherein in step 3, an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model is established according to the environmental comprehensive evaluation main influence index factors, a judgment matrix is constructed according to the gray correlation degree and the analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, and the weight of each environmental index factor is calculated, specifically:
establishing an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, which comprises a target layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, wherein the criterion layer is an environment index and specifically comprises the air quality in a house, the temperature in the house, the humidity in the house, the noise in the house, the light in the house and the environment outside the house, the index layer is an environment index factor corresponding to the environment index of the criterion layer, and the air quality in the house in the criterion layer comprises the carbon dioxide content, the total number of bacterial colonies in the air, the ammonia content, the hydrogen sulfide content, the PM2.5Content and PM10The content, the noise in the house comprises noise frequency and noise decibel, the light in the house comprises illuminance and light color temperature, the environment outside the house comprises temperature outside the house, humidity outside the house, wind speed outside the house and illuminance outside the house, and the target layer represents the final result of evaluation;
according to the gray correlation degree obtained by calculation and an analytic hierarchy process evaluation model, the gray correlation degree of each environment index factor is compared pairwise at the same level, and the difference of the gray correlation degrees of each environment index factor is calculated, namely:
Δij＝ai-aj (6)
in the formula,. DELTA.ijGrey correlation a being an environmental index factor iiGrey correlation a with environmental index factor jjDifference of when ΔijWhen the gray level is greater than 0, i.e. the gray level of the environment index factor iiDegree of grey correlation a to environmental index factor jjMore importantly, will beijMapping to a nine-level scale range of scales,obtaining:
in the formula, max ΔijIs the maximum value of gray correlation degree of the same group of environment index factors, m is a scale range, 9 is taken, a isijRounding off and calculating the corresponding ajiObtaining:
according to aijAnd ajiThe judgment matrix of the layer is obtained as follows:
calculating the eigenvalue and the eigenvector of the judgment matrix according to the judgment matrix, and calculating the following formula according to the eigenvalue and the eigenvector:
RW＝λmaxW (10)
in the formula, λmaxIn order to judge the maximum characteristic value of the matrix, normalizing the obtained W to obtain the weight of the corresponding environment index factor;
and calculating a random consistency ratio CR according to the judgment matrix, judging that the judgment matrix R has acceptable consistency when CR is less than 0.10, and otherwise, adjusting and correcting the judgment matrix R.
6. The method for evaluating the environment in the henhouse based on the grey correlation analysis and the analytic hierarchy process as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step 4, the expert opinions are considered to establish the evaluation standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in each stage of the whole period range, and then the henhouse environment is evaluated according to the weight of each environmental index factor, specifically:
according to the weight of each environmental index factor, combining with the expert opinions, establishing a grading standard of each environmental factor of the chickens in the whole period range according to the variety of the chickens, the climate type of the geographical position of the chicken house and the season of the chicken house during evaluation, and evaluating the environment of the chicken house.
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