CN113887156A - Method for correlation of heaven and earth data for transition of hypersonic velocity boundary layer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for correlating transition heaven and earth data of a hypersonic speed boundary layer, which adopts Taylor series expansion to the transition heaven and earth correlation function of the hypersonic speed boundary layer, considers the coupling action among control variables and predicts the transition position of the hypersonic speed boundary layer under the flight condition by using the ground wind tunnel experiment result. The method solves the problems of high requirement on wind tunnel experiments, low transition prediction precision and the like in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamics, in particular to a method for the data association of transition of a hypersonic speed boundary layer.
Background
At hypersonic velocity, when the reynolds number of the flow is greater than a certain critical value, the boundary layer flow state will transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow. Research shows that the wall friction resistance and the wall heat flow of a turbulent flow boundary layer are generally 3-5 times larger than those of a laminar flow boundary layer under the hypersonic speed condition, so that the accurate prediction of the flight transition position is important for the aerodynamic design and flight control of the hypersonic speed aircraft. However, the conventional relatively general transition prediction method (such as the eN method) greatly depends on the ground wind tunnel experiment and the CFD calculation, and the ground wind tunnel experiment cannot completely simulate the real flight conditions in the sky. Therefore, the heaven and earth data correlation method is provided, the ground wind tunnel experimental data and the CFD data are accurately extrapolated to the real flight conditions, and the method has very important engineering value.
At present, the research on the nature and the ground correlation of the transition of the hypersonic speed boundary layer is still in a starting stage. The BLT method proposed in NASP project in the united states is a method of obtaining aerial data by correcting ground data in consideration of the difference in the sky and the earth of four control variables such as incoming flow noise, that is:
wherein,representing the transition reynolds number under flight conditions on the fly,the transition Reynolds number obtained by the ground wind tunnel experiment is a correction coefficient of a certain control variable, and subscripts 'noise', 'Tw', 'k' and 'Ts' respectively represent noise, wall temperature ratio, roughness and wind tunnel rulerCun. The Yang military soldiers and Liu Zhi Yong in the eleven college of spaceflight propose a world correlation method of transition data based on the formula (patent number: CN 108182312A). The Schmingtao and the plum-stored standard of Beijing university propose a method adopting other control variables for correction, namely:
where f is a correction function. Compared with the previous method of formula (1), the control variables considered by the method are the head blunt Reynolds number, the wall temperature ratio, the Mach number, and the noise, respectively. The method can be well matched with the results of the flight experiment of the HIFIRE-5b in most areas.
However, the effects of different control variables on the transition differences are coupled rather than independent. For example, the wall temperature ratio has a distinct effect on the difference between heaven and earth at different mach numbers. The existing heaven and earth correlation method only considers the influence of a certain control variable on the heaven and earth difference alone, and then calculates the total influence of the control variable on the heaven and earth difference in a simple product mode. Therefore, the ground wind tunnel experiment with only one control variable and different flight conditions on the sky needs to be developed, and the other control variables are required to be completely the same, so that the method has extremely high requirements on the ground wind tunnel experiment. The existing wind tunnel experiment conditions are difficult to meet the requirement, so a transition nature correlation method which reduces the requirement on the wind tunnel experiment and meets the transition prediction precision requirement on engineering needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for associating transition heaven and earth data of a hypersonic velocity boundary layer, and solves the problems of high requirements on wind tunnel experiments, low transition prediction precision and the like in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
a method for correlating transition heaven and earth data of a hypersonic speed boundary layer is characterized in that a transition heaven and earth correlation function of the hypersonic speed boundary layer is expanded by adopting Taylor series, the coupling effect among control variables is considered, and the transition position of the hypersonic speed boundary layer under a flight condition is predicted by utilizing a ground wind tunnel experiment result.
As a preferable technical scheme, a transition heaven and earth correlation function of the hypersonic speed boundary layer is expanded by Taylor series, the influence of the individual action of each control variable and the coupling action of each control variable on heaven and earth difference is considered, and the transition position of the hypersonic speed boundary layer under the flight condition is predicted by using the ground wind tunnel experiment result.
As a preferred technical solution, a specific manner of predicting a transition position of a hypersonic velocity boundary layer under a flight condition is: and calculating to obtain the transition Reynolds number of the hypersonic velocity boundary layer under the flight condition.
As a preferable technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining partial derivatives of independent action of each control variable;
s2, obtaining partial derivatives of coupling action of each control variable;
and S3, calculating the transition Reynolds number of the hypersonic velocity boundary layer under the flight condition by using the difference between the ground transition Reynolds number and the heaven and earth control variable.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S1 and/or step S2, the partial derivatives of the independent actions of the control variables and/or the partial derivatives of the coupling actions of the control variables are obtained by using the ground experiment data set.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S3, the difference between the ground transition reynolds number and the heaven and earth control variable is obtained through a ground experiment.
Preferably, the number of the control variables is 5, and the control variables are respectively the reynolds number of the blunt head degree, the wall temperature ratio, the mach number, the incoming flow noise and the attack angle, which are sequentially recorded as、、、、The transition probability function of the hypersonic boundary layer is recorded as:
wherein,represents the transition Reynolds number of the hypersonic boundary layer under the flight condition,indicating a reynolds number for a surface transition,representing the transition natural correlation function of the hypersonic boundary layer.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S1, only one control variable is made during the wind tunnel experimentChanging within a certain range, keeping the other four control variables unchanged to obtainDifferent transition Reynolds numbers when varied independentlyPlurality to be obtained using Hermite polynomialFitting into a curve, and obtaining the curve by derivation(ii) a Wherein i =1,2,3,4 or 5.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S2, in the wind tunnel experiment, two control variables are set、Respectively changing, keeping the other three control variables unchanged, and obtaining multiple groups of transition Reynolds numbers(ii) a The NURBS method was again used to measure the abscissa asThe ordinate isHas a function value ofThe data matrix is subjected to surface fitting, and then the deviation of the surface is calculated, so that the data matrix can be obtained(ii) a Then changing the values of i and j, repeating the above process until obtaining multiple groups of any two control variables combined(ii) a Wherein i =1,2,3,4 or 5, j =1,2,3,4 or 5, i ≠ j.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S3, the reynolds number of the head bluntness, the wall temperature ratio, the mach number, the incoming flow noise, and the attack angle under the ground wind tunnel experiment condition are sequentially and respectively described as、、、、To obtain the Reynolds number of ground transitionThen only the Reynolds number of the head bluntness, the wall temperature ratio, the Mach number, the incoming flow noise and the attack angle under the flight condition need to be given and recorded in sequence、、、、Obtained by summing the above known parameters、Substitution formula
(4) Then, according to the formula (3), the transition Reynolds number of the hypersonic boundary layer under the real flight condition can be obtained。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method adopts a Taylor series expansion heaven and earth correlation function method, considers the influence of independent change and interaction of each control variable on heaven and earth difference, and predicts the transition position under the flight condition by using the ground wind tunnel experiment result. The invention utilizes the Taylor expansion idea to carry out Taylor expansion on the heaven and earth correlation function, realizes the consideration of the coupling effect among variables and further ensures that the heaven and earth correlation formula is accurate. The invention adopts the Taylor expansion method to carry out Taylor expansion on the heaven and earth correlation function, can consider the influence of the coupling of a plurality of variables on the heaven and earth difference, and has the advantages of more accurate result and the like. The method can be particularly applied to extrapolation of wind tunnel experimental data, and provides a new method for prediction of transition of the hypersonic velocity boundary layer and research of heaven and earth correlation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, aiming at the high requirement of the transition nature-to-ground correlation on the wind tunnel experiment, the invention provides a new way for constructing a transition nature-to-ground correlation function based on Taylor expansion, so as to realize accurate extrapolation of wind tunnel experiment data with a plurality of control variables having nature difference. As a preferred solution.
The transition phenomenon of the hypersonic speed boundary layer is related to a plurality of physical quantities, and a ground wind tunnel experiment is difficult to completely simulate a real flight state on the sky, so that certain difference always exists. The method brings difficulty to the prediction of the flight transition position by using a ground wind tunnel experiment. The existing transition heaven and earth correlation method is difficult to consider the influence of the coupling effect of control variables on heaven and earth difference. The method adopts a Taylor series expansion heaven and earth correlation function method, considers the influence of independent change and interaction of each control variable on heaven and earth difference, and predicts the transition position under the flight condition by using the ground wind tunnel experiment result.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows: the influence of the difference of five control variables on the transition heaven and earth correlation is considered, namely the Reynolds numbers of the blunt degree of the headWall temperature ratioMach number ofNoise of incoming flowAngle of attack. For convenience, the above five control variables are used separately、、、Andand representing, the transition heaven-earth correlation function of the hypersonic velocity boundary layer is recorded as:
wherein,represents the transition Reynolds number of the hypersonic boundary layer under the flight condition,indicating a reynolds number for a surface transition,representing the transition natural correlation function of the hypersonic boundary layer.
Is a self-controlling variable of、、、And. According to the Taylor expansion of the multivariate function,can be unfolded as follows:(4) obtaining control variable independent action partial derivative by using ground experimental data setPartial derivative of sum couplingAnd the Reynolds number of the ground transition is obtained according to the ground experimentAnd difference in space and ground control variablesAnd the transition Reynolds number under the flight condition can be obtained by combining the formula and extrapolating。
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
and S1, acquiring the influence of independent action of each control variable. In wind tunnel experiments, only one control variable is madeChanging within a certain range, keeping the other four control variables unchanged to obtainDifferent transition Reynolds numbers when varied independentlyThe obtained multiple fit-to-synthesis curves are synthesized by using a Hermite polynomial or other data processing modes, and the curves are derived to obtainAnd. For example, Reynolds number for obtention of head bluntnessInfluence of individual action, controlling variable wall temperature ratioMach number ofNoise of incoming flowAngle of attackIs not changed, is changedTo obtain different transition Reynolds numbersFitting into a curve and then obtaining the resultAnd. When i is 2,3,4 or 5, the acquisition method is similar to the case.
And S2, acquiring the coupling effect of the control variables. For ease of understanding, only the coupling effect between the two control variables is considered here. In the wind tunnel experiment, the other three control variables are controlled to be unchanged, and two control variables are controlled to be unchanged within a certain range、Respectively change-get one at onceAnd remain unchanged, orderVarying to obtain a different set of transition Reynolds numbers(ii) a Then changeIs kept unchanged, and then orderChange to obtain another different set of transition Reynolds numbers. This is repeated. Then the NURBS method or other data processing method is used to respectively obtain the horizontal and vertical coordinates、Function value ofThe data matrix is subjected to surface fitting, and then the deviation of the surface is calculated to obtain. For example, to obtain the wall temperature ratioMach number ofControlling head bluntness Reynolds number under the influence of couplingNoise of incoming flowAngle of attackMake an appointment without changeTaking a constant value, changingObtaining a set of transition Reynolds numbers(ii) a Reissue to orderTake another constant value, changeAnother set of transition Reynolds numbers is obtained. Then, the NURBS surface method is used for carrying out surface fitting on the obtained data matrix, and then the obtained data matrix is subjected to surface fitting、Obtaining the partial derivatives. Then changing the values of i and j, repeating the above process until obtaining multiple groups of any two control variables combinedAnd until obtaining the influence rule data of transition Reynolds number by any two control variables. When i and j are other values, the acquisition method i =2 is similar to the case of j = 3.
S3, the space-to-ground conversion is performed using the equations (3) and (4). After completing S1 and S2, the heaven-earth correlation conversion under different conditions can be performed. By using the groundUnder the condition of wind tunnel experiment、、、、To obtain the Reynolds number of ground transitionThen only the flight conditions are givenObtained by using the above known parameters and S1、And obtained in S2Substituting the formula (4) into the formula (3), and obtaining the transition Reynolds number under the real flight condition。
The sequence of steps S1 and S2 may be changed or synchronized.
Compared with the existing transition heaven and earth correlation formulas (1) and (2), the method utilizes the Taylor expansion idea to carry out Taylor expansion on the heaven and earth correlation function, realizes the coupling effect among the considered variables, and further ensures the accuracy of the heaven and earth correlation formulas.
The invention adopts the Taylor expansion method to carry out Taylor expansion on the heaven and earth correlation function, can consider the influence of the coupling of a plurality of variables on the heaven and earth difference, and has the advantages of more accurate result and the like. The method can be particularly applied to extrapolation of wind tunnel experimental data, and provides a new method for prediction of transition of the hypersonic velocity boundary layer and research of heaven and earth correlation.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for correlation of transition heaven and earth data of a hypersonic speed boundary layer is characterized in that a transition heaven and earth correlation function of the hypersonic speed boundary layer is expanded by adopting Taylor series, the coupling effect among control variables is considered, and the transition position of the hypersonic speed boundary layer under the flight condition is predicted by utilizing a ground wind tunnel experiment result.
2. The method for associating the transition heaven and earth data of the hypersonic boundary layer according to claim 1, wherein the transition heaven and earth correlation function of the hypersonic boundary layer is expanded by Taylor series, the influence of the individual action of each control variable and the coupling action of each control variable on the heaven and earth difference is considered, and the transition position of the hypersonic boundary layer under the flight condition is predicted by using the experimental result of the ground wind tunnel.
3. The method for weather data correlation of the transition of the hypersonic boundary layer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific manner of predicting the transition position of the hypersonic boundary layer under the flight condition is: and calculating to obtain the transition Reynolds number of the hypersonic velocity boundary layer under the flight condition.
4. The method for the weather data correlation of the hypersonic boundary layer transition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining partial derivatives of independent action of each control variable;
s2, obtaining partial derivatives of coupling action of each control variable;
and S3, calculating the transition Reynolds number of the hypersonic velocity boundary layer under the flight condition by using the difference between the ground transition Reynolds number and the heaven and earth control variable.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S1 and/or step S2, the partial derivatives of independent actions of the control variables and/or the partial derivatives of coupling actions of the control variables are obtained by using a ground experiment data set.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S3, the difference between the surface transition reynolds number and the surface control variable is obtained through surface experiments.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the number of the control variables is 5, and the control variables are respectively the Reynolds number of the head bluntness, the wall temperature ratio, the Mach number, the incoming flow noise and the attack angle, which are sequentially recorded as、、、、The transition probability function of the hypersonic boundary layer is recorded as:
8. The method for the celestial data correlation of the transition of the hypersonic boundary layer as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S1, only one control variable is made during the wind tunnel experimentChanging within a certain range, keeping the other four control variables unchanged to obtainDifferent transition Reynolds when independently changedNumber ofPlurality to be obtained using Hermite polynomialFitting into a curve, and obtaining the curve by derivation(ii) a Wherein i =1,2,3,4 or 5.
9. The method for the celestial data correlation of the transition of the hypersonic boundary layer as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step S2, two control variables are made during the wind tunnel experiment、Respectively changing, keeping the other three control variables unchanged, and obtaining multiple groups of transition Reynolds numbers(ii) a The NURBS method was again used to measure the abscissa asThe ordinate isHas a function value ofThe data matrix is subjected to surface fitting, and then the deviation of the surface is calculated, so that the data matrix can be obtained(ii) a Then changing the values of i and j, repeating the above process until obtaining multiple groups of any two control variables combined(ii) a Wherein i =1,2,3,4 or 5, j =1,2,3,4 or 5, i ≠ j.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein in step S3, the reynolds number of the head bluntness, the wall temperature ratio, the mach number, the incoming flow noise, and the attack angle under the ground wind tunnel experiment condition are sequentially recorded as reynolds number, wall temperature ratio, mach number, incoming flow noise, and attack angle, respectively、、、、To obtain the Reynolds number of ground transitionThen only the Reynolds number of the head bluntness, the wall temperature ratio, the Mach number, the incoming flow noise and the attack angle under the flight condition need to be given and recorded in sequence、、、、Obtained by summing the above known parameters、Substitution formula
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