CN113885949A - Quick startup method and system - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
- G06F9/4406—Loading of operating system
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/20—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus
- G06F13/28—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using burst mode transfer, e.g. direct memory access DMA, cycle steal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
- G06F9/50—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
- G06F9/5005—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request
- G06F9/5027—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request the resource being a machine, e.g. CPUs, Servers, Terminals
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Abstract
The invention provides a quick starting method and a quick starting system.A CPU sends a decompression instruction to a hardware decompression module after loading compression firmware, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compression data address of the compression firmware; the hardware decompression module acquires the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and stores the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address; the invention sets a special hardware decompression module, after the CPU loads the compression firmware, the special hardware decompression module sends a decompression instruction to the hardware decompression module, the hardware decompression module acquires the compression firmware according to the compression data address in the decompression instruction, thereby realizing the complete parallel between the loading of the compression firmware and the decompression of the compression firmware, the CPU can directly execute other steps without waiting for the completion of the compression of the previous firmware when loading the compression firmware, and the startup acceleration of the embedded system is realized by reducing the time consumption in the starting process of the embedded system through the parallel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of embedded systems, in particular to a quick startup method and a quick startup system.
Background
Embedded system firmware is typically compressed due to device memory size limitations. Therefore, during the starting and starting process of the embedded system, the compressed firmware is loaded first, and then the embedded system is decompressed and then runs. The existing decompression scheme is that a CPU main core loads a compressed firmware, a CPU auxiliary core decompresses the firmware, and after the decompression is finished, the CPU main core is informed to start to operate the decompressed firmware. This presents several problems: 1. the auxiliary core needs to realize the functions of firmware decompression, control, notification and the like, and all the functions mutually seize resources; 2. the operation of the auxiliary core occupies partial hardware and CPU resources and slows down the overall operation speed; 3. if the decompression performance of the auxiliary core is not faster than the running speed of the main core, the main core needs to wait for the auxiliary core to return a result, and the efficiency of the main core cannot be exerted to the maximum extent, so that the starting speed of the embedded system is slowed down.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a quick startup method and a system are provided to realize the quick startup of an embedded system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a quick boot method comprises the following steps:
after the CPU loads the compression firmware, a decompression instruction is sent to a hardware decompression module;
the hardware decompression module receives a decompression instruction of the CPU, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compressed data address of the compressed firmware;
and the hardware decompression module acquires the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and stores the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompression storage address.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme as follows:
a quick start-up system comprises a CPU and a hardware decompression module, wherein the CPU comprises a register, an arithmetic logic unit and a first computer program which is stored on the register and can run on the arithmetic logic unit; the hardware decompression module comprises a memory, a processor, and a second computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the arithmetic logic unit, when executing the first computer program, implements the steps of:
after the compression firmware is loaded, sending a decompression instruction to a hardware decompression module;
the processor, when executing the second computer program, implements the steps of:
receiving a decompression instruction of the CPU, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compressed data address of the compressed firmware;
and acquiring the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address, and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps that a special hardware decompression module is arranged, after a CPU loads and finishes compressing firmware, a decompression instruction is sent to the hardware decompression module, the hardware decompression module acquires the compressing firmware according to a compressed data address in the decompression instruction, the decompressed compressing firmware is stored to a decompression storage address after being decompressed, the special hardware decompression module is arranged to not occupy resources in the CPU, the compression firmware loading and the compression firmware decompression are completely parallel, the CPU can directly execute other steps without waiting for the completion of the compression of the last firmware when the compressing firmware is loaded, and the parallel reduction of time consumption in the starting process of the embedded system realizes the starting acceleration of the embedded system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a fast boot method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fast boot system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a fast booting method applied in a Linux system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. a CPU; 11. an arithmetic logic unit; 12. a register; 2. a hardware decompression module; 21. a processor; 22. a memory; 3. a fast boot system.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a fast booting method includes the steps of:
after the CPU loads the compression firmware, a decompression instruction is sent to a hardware decompression module;
the hardware decompression module receives a decompression instruction of the CPU, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compressed data address of the compressed firmware;
and the hardware decompression module acquires the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and stores the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompression storage address.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: setting a special hardware decompression module, sending a decompression instruction to the hardware decompression module after the CPU loads and finishes the compression firmware, acquiring the compression firmware by the hardware decompression module according to a compression data address in the decompression instruction, and storing the compressed firmware after decompression to a decompression storage address; the special hardware decompression module is arranged, so that resources in the CPU are not occupied, complete parallel between loading of the compression firmware and decompression of the compression firmware is realized, the CPU can directly execute other steps without waiting for the completion of the compression of the last firmware when the compression firmware is loaded, and the parallel operation reduces the time consumption in the starting process of the embedded system and realizes the starting acceleration of the embedded system.
Further, after the CPU loads the compressed firmware, the step of sending the decompression instruction to the hardware decompression module further includes:
the CPU loads the next compressed firmware.
It can be known from the above description that more than one compression firmware is usually required to be loaded in the starting process of the embedded system, and the CPU can seamlessly continue to load the next compression firmware after completing the loading of one compression firmware without waiting for the decompression result feedback of the loaded compression firmware, thereby maximally releasing the computational power of the CPU and further accelerating the starting process.
Further, the acquiring, by the hardware decompression module, the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address, and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address includes:
the hardware decompression module modifies a preset decompression zone bit corresponding to the compression firmware into a preset value;
further comprising:
and the CPU judges whether a preset decompression zone bit to be detected corresponding to the compressed firmware to be detected is the preset value or not, and if so, the compressed firmware to be detected is operated.
As can be seen from the above description, a corresponding preset decompression flag is set for each compression firmware, and after decompression is completed, the corresponding preset decompression flag is set to a preset value, that is, if the preset decompression flag indicates that the corresponding compression firmware is already decompressed, the CPU first obtains the preset decompression flag, and if the preset decompression flag is the preset value, the CPU then runs the corresponding decompressed compression firmware, and the time required for obtaining the preset decompression flag is far shorter than the time required for attempting to directly run the compression firmware to test whether the compression firmware can run, so as to further increase the startup speed of the embedded system.
Further, after the CPU loads the compressed firmware, sending a decompression instruction to the hardware decompression module includes:
the CPU obtains a compressed firmware sequence table;
and the CPU loads the compression firmware in sequence according to the compression firmware sequence table.
As can be seen from the above description, the CPU obtains the compression firmware sequence table, and sequentially loads the compression firmware according to the sequence, because part of the firmware needs to be sequentially run in the boot process in the embedded system, the compression firmware loaded by the CPU can be compressed first, so as to avoid the situation that the compression firmware after the step is decompressed and needs to wait until the compression firmware before the step is not decompressed, and further ensure the boot efficiency.
Further, the storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address includes:
and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address through direct memory access.
As can be seen from the above description, storing the data in the decompression storage address through Direct Memory Access (DMA) can implement Direct data transfer, which is faster than the data transfer inside the CPU, and can increase the transmission speed of the compressed firmware during the boot process.
Referring to fig. 2, a fast booting system includes a CPU and a hardware decompression module, where the CPU includes a register, an arithmetic logic unit, and a first computer program stored in the register and capable of running on the arithmetic logic unit; the hardware decompression module comprises a memory, a processor, and a second computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the arithmetic logic unit, when executing the first computer program, implements the steps of:
after the compression firmware is loaded, sending a decompression instruction to a hardware decompression module;
the processor, when executing the second computer program, implements the steps of:
receiving a decompression instruction of the CPU, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compressed data address of the compressed firmware;
and acquiring the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address, and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: setting a special hardware decompression module, sending a decompression instruction to the hardware decompression module after the CPU loads and finishes the compression firmware, acquiring the compression firmware by the hardware decompression module according to a compression data address in the decompression instruction, and storing the compressed firmware after decompression to a decompression storage address; the special hardware decompression module is arranged, so that resources in the CPU are not occupied, complete parallel between loading of the compression firmware and decompression of the compression firmware is realized, the CPU can directly execute other steps without waiting for the completion of the compression of the last firmware when the compression firmware is loaded, and the parallel operation reduces the time consumption in the starting process of the embedded system and realizes the starting acceleration of the embedded system.
Further, after the loading of the compressed firmware is completed, the sending of the decompression instruction to the hardware decompression module further includes:
the arithmetic logic unit loads a next compressed firmware when executing the first computer program.
It can be known from the above description that more than one compression firmware is usually required to be loaded in the starting process of the embedded system, and the CPU can seamlessly continue to load the next compression firmware after completing the loading of one compression firmware without waiting for the decompression result feedback of the loaded compression firmware, thereby maximally releasing the computational power of the CPU and further accelerating the starting process.
Further, the acquiring the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address includes:
when the processor executes the second computer program, the processor modifies a preset decompression zone bit corresponding to the compression firmware into a preset value;
further comprising:
and the arithmetic logic unit judges whether a preset decompression zone bit to be checked corresponding to the compression firmware to be checked is the preset value or not when executing the first computer program, and if so, operates the compression firmware to be checked.
As can be seen from the above description, a corresponding preset decompression flag is set for each compression firmware, and after decompression is completed, the corresponding preset decompression flag is set to a preset value, that is, if the preset decompression flag indicates that the corresponding compression firmware is already decompressed, the CPU first obtains the preset decompression flag, and if the preset decompression flag is the preset value, the CPU then runs the corresponding decompressed compression firmware, and the time required for obtaining the preset decompression flag is far shorter than the time required for attempting to directly run the compression firmware to test whether the compression firmware can run, so as to further increase the startup speed of the embedded system.
Further, after the loading of the compressed firmware is completed, sending the decompression instruction to the hardware decompression module includes:
acquiring a compressed firmware sequence table;
and sequentially loading the compressed firmware according to the compressed firmware sequence table.
As can be seen from the above description, the CPU obtains the compression firmware sequence table, and sequentially loads the compression firmware according to the sequence, because part of the firmware needs to be sequentially run in the boot process in the embedded system, the compression firmware loaded by the CPU can be compressed first, so as to avoid the situation that the compression firmware after the step is decompressed and needs to wait until the compression firmware before the step is not decompressed, and further ensure the boot efficiency.
Further, the storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address includes:
and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address through direct memory access.
As can be seen from the above description, storing the data in the decompression storage address through Direct Memory Access (DMA) can implement Direct data transfer, which is faster than the data transfer inside the CPU, and can increase the transmission speed of the compressed firmware during the boot process.
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention is:
a quick boot method comprises the following steps:
s00, after the CPU finishes loading the compression firmware, sending a decompression instruction to a hardware decompression module, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compression data address of the compression firmware;
wherein, before S00, further include: acquiring a compression firmware sequence table, and loading a first compression firmware according to the compression firmware sequence table;
s01, the hardware decompression module acquires the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and stores the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompression storage address;
specifically, the decompressed compressed firmware is accessed and stored to a decompressed storage address through direct storage, and the decompressed storage address is located in an internal memory;
in an alternative embodiment, the hardware decompression module may be a self-developed module or a package module developed by migration.
The second embodiment of the invention is as follows:
a fast boot method, which is different from the first embodiment in that after the step S00, the method further includes:
s001, loading a next compression firmware by the CPU; specifically, loading the next compressed firmware according to the firmware sequence table; step S001 and step S01 are executed in two different hardware, that is, step S001 may be before, after, or both step S01, and the embodiment is not limited herein; and S00 and S001 are executed circularly until all the compression firmware needing to be loaded is loaded by the CPU;
the S01 further includes:
s011, the hardware decompression module modifies a preset decompression zone bit corresponding to the compression firmware into a preset value;
s012, the CPU judges whether a preset decompression flag bit to be checked corresponding to the compressed firmware to be checked is the preset value, if so, the compressed firmware to be checked is operated; in an alternative embodiment, S012 is executed after the CPU has loaded all the compressed firmware; loading the compressed firmware to be checked according to the firmware sequence table;
in an alternative embodiment, the decompression flag bits include 0 and 1, where 0 identifies that the compression firmware is not decompressed and 1 identifies that the compression firmware is decompressed, that is, 1 is the preset value and 0 is the default value.
Referring to fig. 3, a third embodiment of the present invention is:
the quick startup method is used in the startup process of the Linux system:
a00, starting Bootrom in a CPU and loading bootloader for running; the bootloader initializes the drive, wherein the bootloader initializes a storage module and a hardware decompression module in the CPU;
a01, loading a compressed kernel (namely, a compression firmware) read by a bootloader in a CPU (central processing unit) to a storage module, setting a compressed data address and a decompression storage address, and starting a hardware decompression module to decompress;
a02, continuously reading the compressed ramdisk by the bootloader in the CPU and loading the ramdisk to the memory, setting the compressed data address and the decompression storage address, and starting the hardware decompression module to decompress;
a03, judging a kernel decompression completion mark by a Bootloader in the CPU, if the kernel decompression completion mark is completed, jumping to the decompressed kernel for running, initializing the kernel, then judging a ramdisk decompression completion mark, and if the kernel decompression completion mark is completed, jumping to the decompressed ramdisk for execution.
Referring to fig. 2, a fourth embodiment of the present invention is:
a quick start-up system comprises a CPU and a hardware decompression module, wherein the CPU comprises a register, an arithmetic logic unit and a first computer program which is stored on the register and can run on the arithmetic logic unit; the hardware decompression module comprises a memory, a processor, and a second computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; the arithmetic logic unit implements the steps implemented by the CPU in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, or the third embodiment when executing the first computer program, and the processor implements the steps implemented by the hardware decompression module in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, or the third embodiment when executing the second computer program.
In summary, the invention provides a fast boot method and system, by setting a hardware decompression module, after a CPU loads a compression firmware, a decompression instruction is sent to the hardware decompression module, the hardware decompression module decompresses the compression firmware according to the decompression instruction, and simultaneously the CPU can load the next compression firmware, thereby realizing the complete parallel of the compression firmware loading and the compression firmware decompression, the decompression module can perform the continuous operation of decompression and write back, and can process a plurality of data at one time, the decompression time is much shorter than the decompression time for software decompression by using the CPU, and the hardware decompression module can directly communicate with a memory by using DMA, which is faster than the data transfer between a main core and an auxiliary core in the CPU, and does not need the CPU to participate in decompression, the data is faster to be written back to the memory again, when the compression firmware of the next sequence bit is read in the CPU, the hardware decompression module simultaneously decompresses the compression firmware of the previous sequence bit, shortens the starting time of the system by shortening the decompression time of the compression firmware, and is particularly suitable for the starting process of the Linux system.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A quick boot method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the CPU loads the compression firmware, a decompression instruction is sent to a hardware decompression module, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compression data address of the compression firmware;
and the hardware decompression module acquires the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and stores the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompression storage address.
2. The fast boot method according to claim 1, wherein after the CPU loads the compressed firmware, the step of sending a decompression command to the hardware decompression module further comprises:
the CPU loads the next compressed firmware.
3. The fast boot method according to claim 1, wherein the step of the hardware decompression module obtaining the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and storing the decompressed compressed firmware after the decompressed storage address comprises:
the hardware decompression module modifies a preset decompression zone bit corresponding to the compression firmware into a preset value;
further comprising:
and the CPU judges whether a preset decompression zone bit to be detected corresponding to the compressed firmware to be detected is the preset value or not, and if so, the compressed firmware to be detected is operated.
4. The fast boot method according to claim 2, wherein sending a decompression command to the hardware decompression module after the CPU loads the compressed firmware comprises:
the CPU obtains a compressed firmware sequence table;
and the CPU loads the compression firmware in sequence according to the compression firmware sequence table.
5. The fast boot method according to claim 1, wherein the storing the decompressed compressed firmware at a decompressed storage address comprises:
and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address through direct memory access.
6. A quick start-up system comprises a CPU and a hardware decompression module, wherein the CPU comprises a register, an arithmetic logic unit and a first computer program which is stored on the register and can run on the arithmetic logic unit; the hardware decompression module comprises a memory, a processor, and a second computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; wherein said arithmetic logic unit implements the following steps when executing said first computer program:
after the compression firmware is loaded, sending a decompression instruction to a hardware decompression module;
the processor, when executing the second computer program, implements the steps of:
receiving a decompression instruction of the CPU, wherein the decompression instruction comprises a decompression storage address and a compressed data address of the compressed firmware;
and acquiring the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address, and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address.
7. The fast boot system of claim 6, wherein after the loading of the compressed firmware and the sending of the decompression command to the hardware decompression module, further comprises:
the arithmetic logic unit loads a next compressed firmware when executing the first computer program.
8. The fast boot system according to claim 6, wherein the obtaining the compressed firmware according to the compressed data address and storing the decompressed compressed firmware after the decompressing storage address comprises:
when the processor executes the second computer program, the processor modifies a preset decompression zone bit corresponding to the compression firmware into a preset value;
further comprising:
and the arithmetic logic unit judges whether a preset decompression zone bit to be checked corresponding to the compression firmware to be checked is the preset value or not when executing the first computer program, and if so, operates the compression firmware to be checked.
9. The fast boot system of claim 7, wherein sending a decompression command to the hardware decompression module after the compressed firmware is loaded comprises:
acquiring a compressed firmware sequence table;
and sequentially loading the compressed firmware according to the compressed firmware sequence table.
10. The fast boot system of claim 6, wherein said storing said decompressed compressed firmware at a decompressed storage address comprises:
and storing the decompressed compressed firmware to a decompressed storage address through direct memory access.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112783557A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-11 | 北京君正集成电路股份有限公司 | Method for parallel execution of loading and decompression in Linux kernel |
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| CN112783558A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-11 | 北京君正集成电路股份有限公司 | Method for accelerating self-decompression stage of Linux kernel starting |
| CN111722852A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 深圳市千分一智能技术有限公司 | Firmware burning method and device and computer readable storage medium |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112783557A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-11 | 北京君正集成电路股份有限公司 | Method for parallel execution of loading and decompression in Linux kernel |
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