CN113885586B - Sun tracking device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a sun tracking device, which includes a base and a control mechanism. An attitude adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and a support plate is fixed to the top of the attitude adjustment mechanism; There is a lifting mechanism between the support plate and the mounting frame, the top of the lifting mechanism is hinged with the mounting frame, and the bottom end of the lifting mechanism is fixed with the support plate; the side walls of the mounting frame are fixed with a number of photoelectric sensors, photovoltaic panels, lifting mechanisms, The attitude adjustment mechanism and the photoelectric sensor are all electrically connected with the control mechanism. The invention can enable the photovoltaic panel to be fully irradiated and improve the solar energy conversion rate.

Description

A sun tracking device and its control method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a sun tracking device and a control method thereof.

Background technique

Due to the increasingly prominent environmental problems, more and more attention has been paid to clean energy. Solar energy is a new type of environmentally friendly clean energy. However, due to the characteristics of low solar energy density, intermittentness and changing spatial distribution, the utilization of solar energy is more difficult. Therefore, a solar tracking device is needed to achieve precise tracking of the sun to improve the conversion efficiency.

However, the current sun tracking device cannot be adjusted according to the rising angle of the sun, resulting in the inability to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy. At the same time, the degree of automation of the existing sun tracking device is not high, and the adjustment of the sun tracking device is very inconvenient.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a sun tracking device and a control method thereof to solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the present invention provides a sun tracking device, comprising a base and a control mechanism, the top of the base is fixed with an attitude adjustment mechanism, and the top of the attitude adjustment mechanism is fixed with a support plate; A mounting frame is hinged on the top of the support plate, and a photovoltaic panel is fixedly embedded at the top of the mounting frame; a lifting mechanism is arranged between the support plate and the mounting frame, and the top of the lifting mechanism is hinged with the mounting frame, The bottom end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to the support plate; the side walls of the mounting frame are fixedly connected with a number of photoelectric sensors, and the photovoltaic panel, the lifting mechanism, the attitude adjustment mechanism, and the photoelectric sensor are all connected with the The control mechanism is electrically connected.

Preferably, the attitude adjustment mechanism includes a power part fixed on the top of the base, a attitude adjustment part located above the power part, and the power part is electrically connected with the control mechanism; the attitude adjustment part includes a first Two tripods, a first tripod is arranged below the second tripod, the first tripod is fixed on the top of the power part, and the first tripod and the second tripod are arranged between the first tripod and the second tripod. There are a first support rod, a second support rod and a third support rod, and the first support rod, the second support rod and the third support rod are distributed in a triangle; the bottom end of the first support rod is connected to the The first tripod is fixedly connected, the bottom end of the second support rod and the bottom end of the third support rod penetrate through the first tripod and are slidably connected with the first tripod, and the first support rod The top end, the top end of the second support rod and the top end of the third support rod are all movably connected with the second tripod, and the bottom end of the second support rod and the bottom end of the third support rod are connected to the power External drive connection.

Preferably, the top end of the first support rod is fixedly connected with a first universal joint, and the end of the first universal joint is fixedly connected with the second tripod.

Preferably, the top end of the second support rod is hinged with a first connecting rod, the first connecting rod swings in the plane formed by the first support rod and the second support rod, and the top end of the first connecting rod is fixed A second universal joint is connected, and the end of the second universal joint is fixedly connected with the second tripod.

Preferably, both the top end of the third support rod and the bottom end of the second tripod are fixed with a ball seat, a second connecting rod is arranged between the two ball seats, and both ends of the second connecting rod are fixed A ball head is connected, and the two ball heads are respectively slidably connected with the two ball seats.

Preferably, the power part includes an electric push rod and a fixed rod, the bottom end of the second support rod and the bottom end of the third support rod are both fixed with the electric push rod, and the bottom end of the electric push rod It is fixedly connected with the base, the top end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the first tripod, the bottom end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the top end of the base, and both the electric push rods are connected with the control mechanism Electrical connection.

Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a sliding sleeve fixed on the top end of the support plate, a first sliding rod is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve, and a third connecting rod is hinged on the top of the first sliding rod, so The end of the third connecting rod is hinged with the mounting frame, a first cam is rotatably connected under the sliding sleeve, and the first cam is in contact with the bottom end of the first sliding rod; the top end of the support plate is fixedly connected There is a drive motor and a transmission assembly, the drive motor is connected with the first cam through the transmission assembly, and the drive motor is electrically connected with the control mechanism.

Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first bracket fixed on the top end of the support plate, a ratchet wheel is rotatably connected to a side of the first bracket close to the first cam, and the ratchet wheel is the same as the first cam. The shaft is fixedly connected; the side of the ratchet wheel away from the first cam is rotatably connected with a transmission rod, the end of the transmission rod is hinged with a pawl, and the pawl is engaged with the ratchet wheel; the first bracket slides up A second sliding rod is connected, the bottom of the second sliding rod is sleeved with a spring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the first bracket, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the second sliding rod, so One side of the second sliding rod is rotatably connected with the transmission rod; a second cam is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the second cam is in contact with the bottom end of the second sliding rod.

Preferably, the control mechanism includes a photovoltaic controller, the photovoltaic controller is electrically connected with the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic controller is electrically connected with a battery and a motor controller; the motor controller is electrically connected with a A motor driver A, a motor driver B and a motor driver C, the motor driver A and the motor driver B are respectively electrically connected to the two electric push rods, and the motor driver C is electrically connected to the driving motor; The photoelectric sensor is electrically connected with the motor controller.

A control method for a sun tracking device, based on the sun tracking device described in any one of the above, a photovoltaic panel outputs a direct current, and the direct current is adjusted by a photovoltaic controller to charge a battery and supply power to a motor controller at the same time;

The photoelectric sensor collects data, the motor controller processes the data collected by the photoelectric sensor, and the motor controller controls the motor driver A, motor driver B and motor driver C according to the data collected by the photoelectric sensor;

The motor driver A and the motor driver B respectively control the movement of the two electric push rods to adjust the posture of the photovoltaic panel, and the motor driver C controls the movement of the drive motor to adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel.

The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

1. In the present invention, the posture adjustment mechanism adjusts according to the different positions of the sun in a day, so that the photovoltaic panel can always track the sun, so that the photovoltaic panel can be fully irradiated, and the conversion rate of solar energy can be improved.

2. The present invention adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the change of the rising angle of the sun in a year through the lifting mechanism, so that the photovoltaic panel can be fully irradiated, and the conversion rate of solar energy is further improved.

3. The present invention controls the lifting mechanism and the attitude adjustment mechanism through the control mechanism, with a high degree of automation and more precise control.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of sun tracking device of the present invention;

2 is a perspective view of a sun tracking device of the present invention in one direction;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an axonometric view in another direction of a sun tracking device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the enlarged view of B in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the transmission rod in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the control flow chart of a kind of sun tracking device in the present invention;

8 is a control flow chart of a sun tracking device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting assembly according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Among them, 1 is the photovoltaic panel, 2 is the photoelectric sensor, 3 is the mounting frame, 4 is the support plate, 5 is the lifting mechanism, 6 is the second tripod, 7 is the first support rod, 8 is the third support rod, and 9 is the The second support rod, 10 is the first connecting rod, 11 is the first tripod, 12 is the electric push rod, 13 is the fixed rod, 14 is the base, 15 is the support leg, 16 is the third connecting rod, 17 is the first Sliding rod, 18 is a sliding sleeve, 19 is a second bracket, 20 is a first cam, 21 is a rotating shaft, 22 is a first bracket, 23 is a pawl, 24 is a transmission rod, 25 is a ratchet wheel, 26 is a drive motor, 27 is the spring, 28 is the second cam, 29 is the second sliding rod, 30 is the second universal joint, 31 is the first universal joint, 32 is the ball seat, 33 is the second connecting rod, 34 is the ball head, 35 is motor driver A, 36 is motor driver B, 37 is motor controller, 38 is DC load, 39 is AC load, 40 is inverter, 41 is battery, 42 is photovoltaic controller, 43 is motor driver C, 44 is a time relay, 45 is a rotating sleeve, 46 is a clamping slot, 47 is a spring, 48 is a clamping block, and 49 is a shaft core.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

1-7, the present invention provides a sun tracking device, including a base 14 and a control mechanism, the top of the base 14 is fixed with an attitude adjustment mechanism, the top of the attitude adjustment mechanism is fixed with a support plate 4; the top of the support plate 4 is hinged with a mounting Frame 3, the top of the mounting frame 3 is fixedly embedded with a photovoltaic panel 1; a lifting mechanism 5 is arranged between the support plate 4 and the mounting frame 3, the top of the lifting mechanism 5 is hinged with the mounting frame 3, and the bottom end of the lifting mechanism 5 is fixed with the support plate 4 A plurality of photoelectric sensors 2 are fixed on the side walls of the mounting frame 3, and the photovoltaic panel 1, the lifting mechanism 5, the attitude adjustment mechanism and the photoelectric sensor 2 are all electrically connected with the control mechanism.

Further, a plurality of supporting legs 15 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base 14, and the plurality of supporting legs 15 are distributed in a rectangular shape.

Further, the photoelectric sensors 2 located on the upper and lower side walls of the mounting frame 3 are used for adjustment of the lifting mechanism 5, and the photoelectric sensors 2 located on the left and right side walls of the mounting frame 3 are used for the adjustment of the posture adjustment mechanism.

Further, the attitude adjustment mechanism includes a power part fixed on the top of the base 14 and an attitude adjustment part located above the power part, and the power part is electrically connected with the control mechanism; the attitude adjustment part includes a second tripod 6, and the second tripod 6 A first tripod 11 is arranged below, the first tripod 11 is fixed on the top end of the power part, and a first support rod 7 , a second support rod 9 and a third support rod are arranged between the first tripod 11 and the second tripod 6 . The support rod 8, the first support rod 7, the second support rod 9 and the third support rod 8 are distributed in a triangle shape; the bottom end of the first support rod 7 is fixedly connected with the first tripod 11, and the bottom end of the second support rod 9 and the third The bottom ends of the three support rods 8 all penetrate the first tripod 11 and are slidably connected to the first tripod 11 . Actively connected, the bottom end of the second support rod 9 and the bottom end of the third support rod 8 are both connected with the power part in a drive.

Further, the top end of the first support rod 7 is fixedly connected with a first universal joint 31 , and the end of the first universal joint 31 is fixedly connected with the second tripod 6 .

Further, the top of the second support rod 9 is hinged with a first connecting rod 10, the first connecting rod 10 swings in the plane formed by the first support rod 7 and the second support rod 9, and the top of the first connecting rod 10 is fixed with a The second universal joint 30 is fixedly connected to the second tripod 6 at the end of the second universal joint 30 .

Further, the top end of the third support rod 8 and the bottom end of the second tripod 6 are both fixed with a ball seat 32 , a second connecting rod 33 is arranged between the two ball seats 32 , and both ends of the second connecting rod 33 are fixed with a ball seat 32 . The ball head 34 , the two ball heads 34 are respectively slidably connected with the two ball seats 32 .

The top end of the first support rod 7 and the top end of the first connecting rod 10 are connected with the second tripod 6 through the first universal joint 31 and the second universal joint 30 respectively, and the third support rod 8 is connected with the second tripod 6 through the spherical pair. connected, so that the connection between the first support rod 7, the first connecting rod 10 and the third support rod 8 and the second tripod 6 can be rotated at any angle, the bottom end of the first connecting rod 10 is hinged with the top end of the second support rod 9, And the first connecting rod 10 swings on the plane formed by the first support rod and the second support rod 9, so that the second tripod 6 can move at the point where the first support rod 7 and the second tripod 6 are connected, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 It can be adjusted according to different sun directions in a day, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can always track the sun, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can be fully irradiated, and the solar energy conversion rate can be improved.

Further, the power part includes an electric push rod 12 and a fixed rod 13, the bottom end of the second support rod 9 and the bottom end of the third support rod 8 are fixed with an electric push rod 12, and the bottom end of the electric push rod 12 is fixed with the base 14. The top end of the fixing rod 13 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the first tripod 11 , the bottom end of the fixing rod 13 is fixedly connected with the top end of the base 14 , and the two electric push rods 12 are electrically connected with the control mechanism.

The electric push rod 12 is used as the power source. Compared with the hydraulic push rod, the complicated hydraulic system and external hydraulic source are omitted, and the weight is reduced; Maintenance is simple, energy consumption is low, and it is not limited by climate and environment, which is convenient for automatic control.

Further, the lifting mechanism 5 includes a sliding sleeve 18 fixed on the top end of the support plate 4 , a first sliding rod 17 is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve 18 , and a third connecting rod 16 is hingedly connected to the top of the first sliding rod 17 . The end of the connecting rod 16 is hinged with the mounting frame 3 , and a first cam 20 is rotatably connected under the sliding sleeve 18 , and the first cam 20 is in contact with the bottom end of the first sliding rod 17 ; the top of the support plate 4 is fixed with a drive motor 26 and a transmission The drive motor 26 is connected to the first cam 20 through a transmission assembly, and the drive motor 26 is electrically connected to the control mechanism.

Further, the transmission assembly includes a first bracket 22 fixed on the top of the support plate 4, a ratchet wheel 25 is rotatably connected to the side of the first bracket 22 close to the first cam 20, and the ratchet wheel 25 is coaxially fixed with the first cam 20; 25 The side away from the first cam 20 is rotatably connected with a transmission rod 24, the end of the transmission rod 24 is hinged with a pawl 23, and the pawl 23 is engaged with the ratchet 25; the first bracket 22 is slidably connected with a second sliding rod 29, the first A spring 27 is sleeved at the bottom of the second sliding rod 29, one end of the spring 27 is fixedly connected with the first bracket 22, the other end of the spring 27 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the second sliding rod 29, and one side of the second sliding rod 29 is rotatably connected with the transmission rod 24 ; The output shaft of the drive motor 26 is fixedly connected with a second cam 28, and the second cam 28 is in contact with the bottom end of the second sliding rod 29.

Further, the first bracket 22 is F-shaped, the second sliding bar 29 is T-shaped, the second sliding bar 29 is located between the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate of the first bracket 22, and the second sliding bar 29 is vertical. The top and bottom ends of the rods penetrate the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate respectively, and the bottom end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with a protrusion; the spring 27 is sleeved on the bottom of the vertical rod, one end of the spring 27 is connected to the top of the lower horizontal plate, and the other end of the spring 27 Fixed connection with the protrusion, the second cam 28 is in contact with the bottom end of the protrusion; the side of the transmission rod 24 close to the drive motor 26 is fixed with a connecting block, and the end of the cross bar of the second sliding rod 29 away from the vertical rod is connected with the connecting block Turn the connection.

Further, a second bracket 19 is provided on the side of the first cam 20 away from the first bracket 22 , the second bracket 19 is fixed on the top of the support plate 4 , and a rotating shaft 21 is arranged between the first bracket 22 and the second bracket 19 , The two ends of the rotating shaft 21 are respectively rotatably connected with the first bracket 22 and the second bracket 19 .

The motor controller 37 drives the drive motor 26 to rotate through the motor driver C43, the drive motor 26 drives the second cam 28 to rotate, the second cam 28 pushes the second slide bar 29, and at the same time, under the action of the spring 27, the second slide The rod 29 moves up and down, and then the second sliding rod 29 drives the transmission rod 24 rotatably connected to it to rotate around the rotating shaft 21, and then drives the pawl 23 hinged with it to move along the ratchet 25. When the second sliding rod 29 is under the action of the spring 27 When moving down, it will drive the pawl 23 to push the ratchet wheel 25 to rotate, and then drive the first cam 20 that is coaxially fixed with it to rotate, the first cam 20 pushes the first sliding rod 17, and the first sliding rod 17 drives the The hinged third connecting rod 16 moves, and then drives the mounting frame 3 hinged with the third connecting rod 16 to move, and finally realizes the adjustment of the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, and realizes the adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 1 according to the change of the rising angle of the sun during the year. angle, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can be fully irradiated, and the solar energy conversion rate can be further improved.

Further, the control mechanism includes a photovoltaic controller 42, the photovoltaic controller 42 is electrically connected with the photovoltaic panel 1, the photovoltaic controller 42 is electrically connected with the battery 41 and the motor controller 37; the motor controller 37 is electrically connected with the motor driver A35 , the motor driver B36 and the motor driver C43, the motor driver A35 and the motor driver B36 are respectively electrically connected with the two electric push rods 12, the motor driver C43 is electrically connected with the drive motor 26; the photoelectric sensor 2 is electrically connected with the motor controller 37. The present invention realizes the control of the attitude adjustment mechanism and the lifting mechanism through the control mechanism, completes the sun tracking of the sun tracking device, has a high degree of automation, more precise control of the sun tracking device, and faster response. At the same time, a part of the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic panel 1 is supplied to the battery 41, and the battery 41 stores the electric energy, which can provide energy for the operation of the driving motor 26 and the electric push rod 12 without additional energy.

Further, the photovoltaic controller 42 is also electrically connected to the inverter 40 and the DC load 38 , and the inverter 40 is electrically connected to the AC load 39 . The DC power rectified by the photovoltaic controller 42 is directly supplied to the DC load 38 , and can also be converted into AC power by the inverter 40 and directly supplied to the AC load 39 .

Further, the photovoltaic controller 42 has a series of control and protection functions such as charge and discharge control, overcharge, overdischarge protection, overload and reverse connection protection in the sun tracking device. The identification is 10-50A, the system voltage is 12V/24V automatic identification, and the control mode can perform PWM pulse width modulation during charging.

Further, the motor controller 37 adopts the intelligent dual-axis controller BE-1209 with the motion control chip as the core, the input voltage is 24V, and the signal output is the pulse and direction signal of 5-24V, which can realize the compilation and reading of the program at the same time. , delete and save, through the serial port and the host computer program for serial communication to realize the transmission, testing and operation of the command program. The motor controller 37 can store the data collected by the photoelectric sensor 2 every day. In the case of cloud cover, the photoelectric signal returned by the photoelectric sensor 2 has a large difference, and the motor controller 37 will run the data collected by the photoelectric sensor 2 on the previous day. The motor driver A35 and the motor driver B36 are controlled by the time relay 44 to drive the two electric push rods 12 to adjust the attitude and track the sun.

A control method of a sun tracking device, based on any one of the above-mentioned sun tracking devices, the photovoltaic panel 1 outputs direct current, and after the direct current is set by the photovoltaic controller 42, the battery 41 is charged, and the motor controller 37 is supplied with power at the same time;

The photoelectric sensor 2 collects data, the motor controller 37 processes the data collected by the photoelectric sensor 2, and the motor controller 37 controls the motor driver A35, the motor driver B36 and the motor driver C43 according to the data collected by the photoelectric sensor 2;

The motor driver A35 and the motor driver B36 respectively control the movement of the two electric push rods 12 to adjust the posture of the photovoltaic panel 1 , and the motor driver C43 controls the movement of the drive motor 26 to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION: The motor controller 37 jointly controls the expansion and contraction of the two electric push rods 12 according to the parameters collected by the photoelectric sensor 2, and drives the second support rod 9 and the third support rod 8 fixed to them to move in the vertical direction, Since the top end of the first support rod 7 and the top end of the first connecting rod 10 are connected with the second tripod 6 through the first universal joint 31 and the second universal joint 30 respectively, the third support rod 8 is connected with the second tripod through the spherical pair. 6 connection, the bottom end of the first connecting rod 10 is hinged with the top end of the second supporting rod 9, and the first connecting rod 10 swings on the plane formed by the supporting rod and the second supporting rod 9, so that the second tripod 6 can be The connection between the support rod 7 and the second tripod 6 is a point movement, and then drives the photovoltaic panel 1 to move; the motor controller 37 controls the drive motor 26 to rotate, the drive motor 26 drives the ratchet 25 to rotate, and the ratchet 25 drives the first fixedly connected to it. The rotation of the cam 20 pushes the first sliding rod 17, the first sliding rod 17 drives the third connecting rod 16 hinged with it to move, and then drives the mounting frame 3 hinged with the third connecting rod 16 to move, and finally realizes the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 The adjustment can be realized by adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 according to the change of the rising angle of the sun in a year, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can be fully irradiated, and the solar energy conversion rate can be further improved.

Embodiment 2:

Referring to FIG. 8 , the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the motor controller 37 is electrically connected to the motor driver C43 through the time relay 44 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION: The motor controller 37 can store the parameters that drive the motor 26 to operate, the total angle a that the photovoltaic panel 1 rotates in a day, and the angle b rotates between the lifting mechanism and the rotating shaft each time, and the solar panel rotates a total of a/a in one day. b times, the working time of the photovoltaic panel 1 is 12h a day, then the power-on time is set to 12/(a/b)h, then when the cloud covers, according to the operation of the previous day, the time relay 44 is energized, and the time relay 44 controls the motor driver C43 to start, and the driving motor 26 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate; when the delay time of the time relay 44 ends, the time relay 44 controls the motor driver C43 to stop working, and the lifting device stops rotating.

Embodiment three:

Referring to FIG. 9 , the connection between the first connection rod 10 and the second support rod 9 and the connection between the third connection rod 16 and the first sliding rod 17 are all provided with limiting components, and the first connection rod 10 and the second support rod 9 and the third connecting rod 16 and the first sliding rod 17 are hinged through the limiting assembly;

The limit assembly includes a rotating sleeve 45, and a shaft core 49 is rotatably connected in the rotating sleeve 45; the shaft core 49 is provided with two clamping grooves 46 in the circumferential direction, the two clamping grooves 46 are symmetrically arranged, and the cross-sectional shape of the clamping groove 46 is A right-angled triangle; a groove is provided on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 45, and a clamping block 48 that is adapted to the clamping groove 46 is slidably connected in the groove, and a number of springs 47 are arranged between the bottom end of the groove and the clamping block 48. The two ends of 47 are respectively fixed to the groove and the clamping block 36; the clamping block 48 is provided with two, and the angle of the two clamping blocks 48 is not equal to the angle of the two clamping grooves 46;

The two rotating sleeves 45 are respectively fixed with the first connecting rod 10 and the third connecting rod 16 , and the two shaft cores 49 are respectively fixed with the second supporting rod 9 and the first sliding rod 17 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS: Through the hinged connection of the limit component, when a clamping block 48 is clamped with a clamping groove 46, the other clamping block 48 is not clamped with another clamping groove 46, and when the shaft core 49 rotates in the opposite direction Since the cross-section of the clamping slot 46 is a right-angled triangle, the clamping block 48 is released from the clamping slot 46, and when a clamping block 48 is engaged with a clamping slot 46 when it is rotated to a certain angle, it cannot be rotated. , to prevent the lifting mechanism and attitude adjustment mechanism from being damaged due to excessive rotation angle.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "portrait", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or It is implied that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to describe the preferred modes of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A sun-tracking device, characterized by: the device comprises a base (14) and a control mechanism, wherein the top end of the base (14) is fixedly connected with a posture adjusting mechanism, and the top end of the posture adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with a supporting plate (4); the top end of the supporting plate (4) is hinged with an installation rack (3), and a photovoltaic plate (1) is fixedly embedded in the top end of the installation rack (3); a lifting mechanism (5) is arranged between the supporting plate (4) and the mounting rack (3), the top end of the lifting mechanism (5) is hinged with the mounting rack (3), and the bottom end of the lifting mechanism (5) is fixedly connected with the supporting plate (4); the side walls of the mounting rack (3) are fixedly connected with a plurality of photoelectric sensors (2), and the photovoltaic panel (1), the lifting mechanism (5), the posture adjusting mechanism and the photoelectric sensors (2) are electrically connected with the control mechanism;

the posture adjusting mechanism comprises a power part fixed at the top end of the base (14) and a posture adjusting part positioned above the power part, and the power part is electrically connected with the control mechanism; the posture adjusting part comprises a second tripod (6), a first tripod (11) is arranged below the second tripod (6), the first tripod (11) is fixedly connected to the top end of the power part, a first supporting rod (7), a second supporting rod (9) and a third supporting rod (8) are arranged between the first tripod (11) and the second tripod (6), and the first supporting rod (7), the second supporting rod (9) and the third supporting rod (8) are distributed in a triangular shape; first bracing piece (7) bottom with first tripod (11) rigid coupling, second bracing piece (9) bottom with third bracing piece (8) bottom all runs through first tripod (11) and with first tripod (11) sliding connection, first bracing piece (7) top second bracing piece (9) top with third bracing piece (8) top all with second tripod (6) swing joint, second bracing piece (9) bottom with third bracing piece (8) bottom all with power portion transmission is connected.

2. A sun-tracking device according to claim 1, wherein: the top end of the first supporting rod (7) is fixedly connected with a first universal joint (31), and the tail end of the first universal joint (31) is fixedly connected with the second tripod (6).

3. A solar tracking apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein: the utility model discloses a joint, including first bracing piece (9), second bracing piece (9), first connecting rod (10) are in the swing in the plane that first bracing piece (7) and second bracing piece (9) formed, first connecting rod (10) top rigid coupling has second universal joint (30), second universal joint (30) end with second tripod (6) rigid coupling.

4. A sun-tracking device according to claim 3, wherein: third bracing piece (8) top with the equal rigid coupling in second tripod (6) bottom has ball seat (32), two be provided with second connecting rod (33) between ball seat (32), the equal rigid coupling in second connecting rod (33) both ends has bulb (34), two bulb (34) respectively with two ball seat (32) sliding connection.

5. A sun-tracking device according to claim 1, wherein: the power portion includes electric putter (12) and dead lever (13), second bracing piece (9) bottom with the equal rigid coupling in third bracing piece (8) bottom has electric putter (12), the bottom of electric putter (12) with base (14) rigid coupling, dead lever (13) top with first tripod (11) bottom rigid coupling, dead lever (13) bottom with base (14) top rigid coupling, two electric putter (12) all with control mechanism electric connection.

6. A sun-tracking device according to claim 5, wherein: the lifting mechanism (5) comprises a sliding sleeve (18) fixedly connected to the top end of the supporting plate (4), a first sliding rod (17) is connected to the inside of the sliding sleeve (18) in a sliding mode, a third connecting rod (16) is hinged to the top end of the first sliding rod (17), the tail end of the third connecting rod (16) is hinged to the mounting frame (3), a first cam (20) is rotatably connected to the lower portion of the sliding sleeve (18), and the first cam (20) is in contact with the bottom end of the first sliding rod (17); backup pad (4) top rigid coupling has driving motor (26) and drive assembly, driving motor (26) pass through drive assembly with first cam (20) transmission is connected, driving motor (26) with control mechanism electric connection.

7. A sun-tracking device according to claim 6, wherein: the transmission assembly comprises a first support (22) fixedly connected to the top end of the support plate (4), a ratchet wheel (25) is rotatably connected to one side, close to the first cam (20), of the first support (22), and the ratchet wheel (25) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first cam (20); one side, far away from the first cam (20), of the ratchet wheel (25) is rotatably connected with a transmission rod (24), the tail end of the transmission rod (24) is hinged with a pawl (23), and the pawl (23) is meshed with the ratchet wheel (25); a second sliding rod (29) is connected onto the first support (22) in a sliding mode, a spring (27) is sleeved at the bottom of the second sliding rod (29), one end of the spring (27) is fixedly connected with the first support (22), the other end of the spring (27) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the second sliding rod (29), and one side of the second sliding rod (29) is rotatably connected with the transmission rod (24); and an output shaft of the driving motor (26) is fixedly connected with a second cam (28), and the second cam (28) is contacted with the bottom end of the second sliding rod (29).

8. A sun-tracking device according to claim 7, wherein: the control mechanism comprises a photovoltaic controller (42), the photovoltaic controller (42) is electrically connected with the photovoltaic panel (1), and the photovoltaic controller (42) is electrically connected with a storage battery (41) and a motor controller (37); the motor controller (37) is electrically connected with a motor driver A (35), a motor driver B (36) and a motor driver C (43), the motor driver A (35) and the motor driver B (36) are respectively electrically connected with the two electric push rods (12), and the motor driver C (43) is electrically connected with the driving motor (26); the photoelectric sensor (2) is electrically connected with the motor controller (37).

9. A control method of a sun tracking apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the photovoltaic panel (1) outputs direct current, the direct current is set through the photovoltaic controller (42) and then is charged to the storage battery (41), and meanwhile power is supplied to the motor controller (37);

the photoelectric sensor (2) collects data, the motor controller (37) processes the data collected by the photoelectric sensor (2), and the motor controller (37) controls the motor driver A (35), the motor driver B (36) and the motor driver C (43) according to the data collected by the photoelectric sensor (2);

the motor driver A (35) and the motor driver B (36) respectively control the two electric push rods (12) to move to realize the adjustment of the posture of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the motor driver C (43) controls the driving motor (26) to move to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel (1).

Images