CN113884407A - Electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method and device and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method and device and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/36—Analysing materials by measuring the density or specific gravity, e.g. determining quantity of moisture
Abstract
The disclosure relates to an electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method and device and a computer readable storage medium. The online monitoring method for the leakage of the electrical equipment comprises the following steps: the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device is connected with the electric equipment, and gas to be detected in the electric equipment is led into a measuring gas chamber of the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device; the online monitoring device for the leakage of the electrical equipment acquires a first resonant frequency of a first quartz crystal sensor in a reference gas chamber under a reference gas environment through an oscillating circuit, and acquires a second resonant frequency of a second quartz crystal sensor in a measuring gas chamber under a gas environment to be measured through the oscillating circuit in real time, wherein the first quartz crystal sensor and the second quartz crystal sensor have the same parameters; the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines whether the electric equipment leaks according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency. The method can monitor whether the insulating gas in the electrical equipment leaks in real time, and is high in detection speed and sensitivity.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical equipment detection, and in particular, to an electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method and apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
The gas insulation equipment is one of key power transmission and transformation equipment which cannot be replaced by a modern power grid due to the advantages of compact structure, small influence of environmental factors, high operation safety and reliability and the like. Density is an important physical parameter of insulating gas, and is often used as an important technical index for checking whether electrical equipment leaks, and the electrical performance of the insulating gas is reduced due to the decrease of the density, so that the safe operation of the equipment is damaged. Therefore, monitoring of the gas density in the gas-insulated apparatus is particularly important in order to ensure safe and stable operation of the apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor finds out through research that: SF commonly used in the related art6The gas density relay is a pressure gauge with temperature compensation function. SF for field operation6The phenomena of inflexible action, poor contact of contacts and the like often occur after the gas density relay works for a period of time due to the unusual action of the gas density relay, and sometimes, due to the poor temperature compensation performance of the density relay, SF (sulfur hexafluoride) can be caused when the environmental temperature is suddenly changed6The density relay malfunctions. Furthermore, leakage of insulating gas in electrical equipment is a very slow process, GB50150-: SF6The annual leakage rate of the combined electrical equipment is not more than 1%. And SF6The highest precision of the density relay is only 0.1%, the leakage of the equipment cannot be sensed in real time, the equipment leaks for a long time, and the density relay senses the change of the density; when the leakage amount is large and the density relay gives an alarm, the safe and stable operation of the equipment is damaged. Therefore, a high-sensitivity online leakage monitoring device and method for the insulated gas electrical equipment are developed, and are very important for monitoring the state of the gas insulated equipment.
In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an online monitoring method and apparatus for leakage of electrical equipment, and a computer-readable storage medium, so that the density of an insulating gas in the electrical equipment can be monitored in real time.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment, including:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device is connected with the electric equipment, and gas to be detected in the electric equipment is led into a measuring gas chamber of the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device;
the online monitoring device for the leakage of the electrical equipment acquires a first resonant frequency of a first quartz crystal sensor in a reference gas chamber under a reference gas environment through an oscillating circuit, and acquires a second resonant frequency of a second quartz crystal sensor in a measuring gas chamber under a gas environment to be measured through the oscillating circuit in real time, wherein the first quartz crystal sensor and the second quartz crystal sensor have the same parameters;
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines whether the electric equipment leaks according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online electrical device leakage monitoring apparatus determining whether the electrical device leaks according to a difference between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency includes:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected according to the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency;
the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device gives a first leakage alarm to the outside when the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a first preset threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring method further includes:
the electric equipment leakage on-line monitoring device obtains the dielectric constant of reference gas in a reference gas chamber through first dielectric constant detection equipment, and obtains the dielectric constant of gas to be measured in a measurement gas chamber through second dielectric constant detection equipment, wherein the parameters of the first dielectric constant detection equipment and the second dielectric constant detection equipment are the same;
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines a second density value of the reference gas and a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected;
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device judges whether the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a second preset threshold value or not;
and the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device gives out a second leakage alarm when the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a second preset threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring method further includes:
and when the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected are greater than a second preset threshold value and the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a first preset threshold value, the online leakage monitoring device of the electrical equipment sends a third leakage alarm to the outside and indicates the electrical equipment to stop working.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference gas is the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured, or the reference gas is a vacuum.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas to be measured is a single gas or a mixture of gases.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring method further includes:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines a first density value of the gas to be detected according to a difference absolute value of the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected;
and the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring method further includes:
the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device displays at least one of a current first density value of the gas to be detected, a current second density value of the gas to be detected, a first leakage alarm, a second leakage alarm and a third leakage alarm;
the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device uploads at least one of a current first density value of the gas to be detected, a current second density value of the gas to be detected, a first leakage alarm, a second leakage alarm and a third leakage alarm to a monitoring background.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment, comprising a measuring unit, an oscillating circuit and a control circuit, wherein:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device is connected with the electric equipment, and gas to be detected in the electric equipment is led into a measuring gas chamber of the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device;
the measuring unit is connected with the oscillating circuit, and the oscillating circuit is connected with the control circuit;
a reference gas chamber and a measurement gas chamber are arranged in the measurement unit, wherein the space in the measurement unit except the reference gas chamber is the measurement gas chamber;
the control circuit is used for acquiring a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in a reference gas chamber under a reference gas environment through the oscillating circuit and acquiring a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in a measuring gas chamber under a gas environment to be measured through the oscillating circuit in real time, wherein the parameters of the first quartz crystal sensor and the parameters of the second quartz crystal sensor are the same; and determining whether the electrical equipment leaks according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the quartz crystal oscillation plate of each of the first and second quartz crystal sensors is coated with a metallic material on both sides.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the quartz crystal oscillating piece is processed by a special cutting process, and each crystal lattice inside the quartz crystal is in a regular hexagon without stress.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the oscillation circuit includes a first crystal oscillation circuit and a second crystal oscillation circuit, wherein:
the first crystal oscillation circuit is connected with the first quartz crystal sensor;
the second crystal oscillation circuit is connected with the second quartz crystal sensor.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit comprises a first frequency measurement circuit and a second frequency measurement circuit, wherein:
the first frequency measurement circuit is connected with the first crystal oscillation circuit to obtain a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor;
and the second frequency measurement circuit is connected with the second crystal oscillation circuit to acquire a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the control circuit further comprises a difference frequency circuit and a controller, wherein:
the difference frequency circuit is respectively connected with the first frequency measurement circuit and the second frequency measurement circuit;
the difference frequency circuit is used for acquiring the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency;
and a controller for determining whether the electrical device leaks according to a difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is further configured to determine an absolute value of a difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured based on the difference between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency; and in the case that the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value, a first leakage alarm is given out.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device further comprises a first dielectric constant detection device and a second dielectric constant detection device, wherein:
the first dielectric constant detection device is arranged in the reference gas chamber and is used for acquiring the dielectric constant of reference gas in the reference gas chamber;
the second dielectric constant detection equipment is arranged in the measurement gas chamber and is used for acquiring a second density value of the gas to be measured in the measurement gas chamber, wherein the first dielectric constant detection equipment and the second dielectric constant detection equipment have the same parameters;
the control circuit is used for determining a second density value of the reference gas and a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected; judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a second preset threshold value or not; and when the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a second preset threshold value, a second leakage alarm is given out.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit is configured to issue a third leakage alarm to the outside and instruct the electrical equipment to stop working if the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be measured are greater than the second predetermined threshold value, and the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is greater than the first predetermined threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuitry is configured to determine a first density value of the gas to be tested based on an absolute value of a difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be tested; and determining a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device further comprises an electric transmission unit and a display, wherein:
the control circuit is connected with the electric transmission unit, and the electric transmission unit is connected with the display;
a display for displaying at least one of a current first density value of the gas under test, a current second density value of the gas under test, a first leak alarm, a second leak alarm, and a third leak alarm.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment further includes a data remote transmission unit, wherein:
the data remote transmission unit is connected with the electric transmission unit and used for uploading at least one of a current first density value of the gas to be detected, a current second density value of the gas to be detected, a first leakage alarm, a second leakage alarm and a third leakage alarm to the monitoring background.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which computer instructions are stored, and when executed by a processor, the computer-readable storage medium implements the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to any one of the above embodiments.
The method can monitor whether the insulating gas in the electrical equipment leaks in real time, and is high in detection speed and sensitivity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of some embodiments of an online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an oscillation circuit and a control circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a crystal oscillation circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a crystal oscillation circuit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a difference frequency circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a controller in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of other embodiments of the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of other embodiments of the online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of some further embodiments of the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of some embodiments of an online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the online leakage monitoring device 2 for electrical equipment may include a measuring unit 3, an oscillation circuit unit 7 and a control circuit 8, wherein:
the measuring unit 3 is connected to an oscillation circuit 7, and the oscillation circuit 7 is connected to a control circuit 8.
The measuring unit 3 comprises a first quartz crystal sensor 5 and a second quartz crystal sensor 6 with the same parameters. A reference gas chamber 4 is arranged in the measuring unit 3, the space in the measuring unit 3 except the reference gas chamber 4 is a measuring gas chamber, a first quartz crystal sensor 5 is arranged in the reference gas chamber 4, and a second quartz crystal sensor 6 is arranged in the measuring gas chamber.
The online leakage monitoring device 2 for the electrical equipment is connected with the electrical equipment 1, and the gas to be measured in the electrical equipment 1 is introduced into the measuring gas chamber, so that the current first density value of the gas to be measured in the electrical equipment 1 can be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the online monitoring device for leakage of electrical equipment 2 may be a density meter, the density meter is an external device of the electrical equipment 1, the density meter is connected with the electrical equipment 1 through a pipeline, and an internal space of the density meter is communicated with gas in the electrical equipment 1.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first quartz crystal sensor 5 and the second quartz crystal sensor 6 in the measurement unit 3 are core components.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the parameters of the first quartz crystal sensor 5 and the second quartz crystal sensor 6 are the same.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first quartz crystal sensor 5 and the second quartz crystal sensor 6 resembles a sandwich structure, i.e. a quartz crystal oscillating piece is coated with a metallic material on both sides.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the quartz crystal oscillating piece is processed by a special cutting process; under the condition of no stress, each crystal lattice in the quartz crystal is in a regular hexagon shape.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the metal electrode surface of the quartz crystal oscillating piece may also be coated with other coatings, so as to realize specific detection of different gases.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electrical apparatus 1 may be a gas insulated apparatus.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas to be measured may be SF in a gas insulated device6Gas or other insulating gas.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas to be measured may be a single gas or a mixed gas.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference gas in the reference gas chamber may be the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference gas within the reference gas chamber may be a vacuum.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first Quartz crystal sensor 5 and the second Quartz crystal sensor 6 may employ QCM (Quartz crystal microbalance). The quartz crystal microbalance is a very sensitive mass detection mode, and the detection sensitivity can reach nanogram level. The analytical instrument based on the QCM sensor is mainly applied to high-end fields such as biomolecular interaction, high polymer material adsorption, electrochemical deposition analysis, biomedical research and the like. The related art quartz crystal microbalance has no application in gas density measurement.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the oscillation circuit method is selected as the method for measuring the signal of the quartz crystal sensor, and in the actual use process, the quartz crystal sensor is affected by non-quality factors such as temperature and humidity, so that some non-negligible errors are brought to the system. Therefore, the system is additionally provided with a reference quartz crystal sensor besides the sensitive quartz crystal sensor, so that the error caused by non-mass factors is reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of the measurement result are ensured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit 8 may be configured to obtain a first resonant frequency of the reference gas in the reference gas chamber 4 through the first quartz crystal sensor 5 and obtain a second resonant frequency of the gas to be measured in the equipment gas chamber through the second quartz crystal sensor 6 in a case where the online leakage monitoring device of the electrical equipment is connected to the electrical equipment and the gas to be measured in the electrical equipment is introduced into the equipment gas chamber, where parameters of the first quartz crystal sensor 5 and the second quartz crystal sensor 6 are the same; and determining whether the electrical equipment leaks according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit 8 may be further configured to determine an absolute value of a difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured according to the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency; and in the case that the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value, a first leakage alarm is given out.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit 8 may also be used to obtain a reference gas first density value; and determining the first density value of the gas to be detected according to the first density value of the reference gas, the first density value of the reference gas and the absolute value of the difference value of the first density value of the gas to be detected.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device may further include an electric transmission unit 9 and a display 10, wherein:
the control circuit 8 is connected to an electric drive unit 9, and the electric drive unit 9 is connected to a data display unit 10.
And the display 10 is used for displaying the current first density value and the first leakage alarm of the gas to be detected.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device may further include a data remote transmission unit, wherein:
the display 10 may also serve as a data remote unit.
The data remote transmission unit is connected with the electric transmission unit 9 and is used for uploading the current first density value and the first leakage alarm of the gas to be detected to the monitoring background.
The on-line monitoring device for the leakage of the electrical equipment is based on the quartz crystal microbalance, the quartz crystal microbalance can monitor the density change of the gas to be detected by measuring the resonance frequency change of an insulating medium in the gas chamber, so that whether the gas to be detected leaks or not is judged, and the leakage of SF in the electrical equipment such as gas insulation equipment can be realized6The density of gas or other insulating gases is monitored in real time, the detection speed is high, and the sensitivity is high.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an oscillation circuit and a control circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the oscillation circuit 7 of the embodiment of fig. 1 may include a first crystal oscillation circuit 71 and a second crystal oscillation circuit 72, wherein:
the first crystal oscillation circuit 71 is connected to the first quartz crystal sensor 5.
The second crystal oscillation circuit 72 is connected to the second quartz crystal sensor 6.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first crystal oscillation circuit 71 and the second crystal oscillation circuit 72 are both parallel type resonance circuits.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a crystal oscillation circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the first crystal oscillator circuit 71 and the second crystal oscillator circuit 72 are both parallel resonant circuits in which a quartz crystal sensor is equivalent to an inductor, operates between a series resonant frequency and a parallel resonant frequency, and forms an LG three-point oscillator with an externally connected capacitor. The frequency of the oscillator is determined by a frequency-selective loop in the circuit, including capacitors C1, C2 and a quartz crystal (mainly determined by the crystal).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the inverters U1 and U2 of the crystal oscillator circuit of the present disclosure may be 74HC04, which is a 3-stage inverter, i.e., with a buffer. Thus, the waveform edge output using the 74HCU04 is steeper. Since the inverter in the crystal oscillator circuit used in the present invention belongs to the high-speed CMOS 74HC series, the circuit is liable to generate parasitic oscillation. In order to suppress the parasitic oscillation and reduce the loop gain, a damping resistor R2 needs to be accessed.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, the resistor R1 may be 2.2M ohms, the damping resistor R2 may be 5.6k ohms, and the capacitors C1, C2 may be 68pF, respectively.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a crystal oscillation circuit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The first crystal oscillation circuit 71 and the second crystal oscillation circuit 72 are both self-excited oscillator circuits as shown in fig. 4, i.e., QCMs operate in oscillation at their QCM resonance frequencies. The embodiment of the present disclosure connects the QCM between the non-inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the high-speed operational comparator as the main component of the positive feedback network, and the specific circuit is shown in fig. 4. In the circuit of the above-described embodiment of the present disclosure, the circuit satisfies the self-oscillation condition only at the resonance frequency of the QCM, and thus the frequency of the output signal of the oscillation circuit is the resonance frequency of the QCM.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the control circuit 8 of the fig. 1 embodiment may include a first frequency measurement circuit 81, a second frequency measurement circuit 82, a difference frequency circuit 83, and a controller 84, wherein:
the first frequency measurement circuit 81 is connected to the first crystal oscillation circuit 71, and is configured to obtain a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in the reference gas chamber, where the first resonant frequency of the quartz crystal in the reference gas chamber under the reference gas environment is a fixed value and is used as a detection reference for a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor.
The second frequency measurement circuit 82 is connected to the second crystal oscillation circuit 72, and is configured to obtain a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in the gas environment to be measured in the measurement gas chamber in real time.
The difference frequency circuit 83 is connected to the first frequency measurement circuit 81 and the second frequency measurement circuit 82, respectively, and is configured to obtain a frequency difference signal between the second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor and the first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor.
The controller 84 is connected to the difference frequency circuit 83, and is configured to determine whether the gas to be measured in the electrical apparatus leaks according to the difference frequency signal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first frequency measurement circuit 81 and the second frequency measurement circuit 82 of the embodiment of fig. 2 may include a signal amplification circuit, a shaping circuit, a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device), a band switch, and a single chip, where:
the output signal of the sensor of the crystal oscillation circuit is converted into a square wave signal after signal amplification, shaping and other preprocessing, and then frequency measurement is carried out. The frequency measurement part adopts CPLD to carry out frequency division and utilizes a C8051F34 singlechip to carry out frequency measurement. The circuit designed by the above embodiment of the present disclosure has the characteristics of high integration level, high speed and high reliability. The measurement range of the frequency of the embodiment of the invention reaches 0.1 Hz-10 MHz, and the measurement error is kept to one thousandth. In the design, a single chip microcomputer is used for measuring frequency, a crystal oscillator externally connected with the single chip microcomputer can provide reference time for a system, and the single chip microcomputer is programmed by using assembly language to count measured frequency signals. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the complex programmable logic device CPLD is used for frequency division, and the embodiment of the disclosure not only improves the measurement precision, but also can improve the upper limit of the measurement frequency.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a difference frequency circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure. The difference frequency circuit 83 in the embodiment of fig. 2 can be a simple difference frequency circuit composed of D flip-flops, and it is very simple and convenient to obtain the difference frequency between two columns of square wave signals by using only one D flip-flop. The output signals of the second frequency measurement circuit 82 and the first frequency measurement circuit 81 are respectively input to the D terminal and the trigger terminal Vck of the D flip-flop, so that the output signal Vout of the D flip-flop is a frequency difference signal of the second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor and the first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a controller in some embodiments of the present disclosure. The controller 84 of the embodiment of fig. 2 may include a data acquisition card 841 and a control module 842, wherein:
and the data acquisition card 841 is used for acquiring a frequency difference signal of the second resonance frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor and the first resonance frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor, which is output by the difference frequency circuit 83.
And the control module 842 is configured to determine whether the gas to be detected in the electrical device leaks according to the frequency difference signal collected by the data collection card 841.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the control module 842 may be implemented as a general purpose processor, a programmable logic control circuit (PLC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof, for performing the functions described herein.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control module 842 may be configured to determine an absolute difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured based on the difference between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency; and in the case that the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value, a first leakage alarm is given out.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined threshold may be 0 in the case where the reference gas in the reference gas chamber is the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control module 842 may be configured to determine an absolute value of a difference (gas density of leaking gas) Δ ρ between the reference gas first density value and the gas first density value to be measured from the difference Δ f between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency; determining the first density value rho of the gas to be detected according to the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected1。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control module 842 may be configured to determine the absolute value of the difference Δ ρ between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured (gas density of leaking gas) from a relationship (1) between the difference Δ f between the two resonant frequencies and the absolute value of the difference Δ ρ between the first density values of the reference gas and the first density values of the gas to be measured (gas density of leaking gas).
In the formula (1), A, B are constants and are related to the gas to be measured; c is the offset of the system and is also a constant.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the reference gas is vacuum, since the density of the reference gas is 0, the absolute value Δ ρ of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is the first density value ρ of the gas to be measured1。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, equation (1) is derived by equation (2), where equation (2) is the quartz crystal resonant frequency f and the quartz crystal sensor mass mgAnd the mass of the medium to be measured (mass of gas to be measured) mcThe relationship between them.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control module 842 may be used to determine the natural resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal determined from the first frequency measurement circuit 81, i.e. the first resonant frequency f1Determining the mass m of the reference gascAnd mass m of first quartz crystal sensor 5g1Wherein the first quartz crystal sensor 5 is in a reference gas, as shown in formula (3), wherein m is in vacuumc＝0。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control module 842 may be used to determine the resonant frequency f of the second quartz crystal sensor 6 determined from the second frequency measurement circuit 822Determining the mass m of the gas to be measuredcAnd mass m of the second quartz crystal sensor 6g2Wherein, in the step (A),mass m of measured mediumcNot equal to 0, mass m of the first quartz crystal sensor 5g1And mass m of the second quartz crystal sensor 6g2And are equal, as shown in equation (4).
Therefore, the difference value Deltaf of the two resonant frequencies can be obtained by subtracting the formulas (3) and (4), and the relation (1) of the absolute value of the difference value (gas density of the leaked gas) Deltap of the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured can be obtained.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control module 842 may be configured to determine the mass of the reference gas according to equation (3), and thereby determine the reference gas first density value; determining the first density value rho of the gas to be detected according to the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected and the first density value of the reference gas1。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control module 842 may also be used for sending the current first density value of the gas under test and the first leakage alarm to the data display unit and the data remote transmission unit through the electric actuator unit.
Based on the online monitoring device for leakage of electrical equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the density change of gas can be obtained by measuring the frequency change of the quartz crystal oscillation circuit based on the piezoelectric effect of the quartz crystal, so that whether the electrical equipment leaks can be accurately judged, and the real-time monitoring of the density of the gas is really realized.
When the quartz crystal oscillation density sensor is in a closed system, namely the gas pressure and components in the gas chamber are not changed, the oscillation frequency of the quartz crystal cannot be changed; when the gas in the gas chamber leaks slightly, the oscillation frequency of the quartz crystal is changed, so that the leakage of the insulating gas in the gas insulating equipment can be sensitively monitored, and the density change of the insulating gas in the gas chamber can be sensitively monitored.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure. Preferably, this embodiment can be performed by the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device according to any embodiment of the present disclosure (e.g., any embodiment of fig. 1-6 and 9). The method comprises the following steps:
and step 71, connecting the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device with the electrical equipment, and introducing the gas to be detected in the electrical equipment into a measurement gas chamber of the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device.
And 72, acquiring a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in the reference gas chamber in the reference gas environment through the oscillation circuit by the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device, and acquiring a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in the gas environment to be measured in the measurement gas chamber in real time through the oscillation circuit, wherein the first quartz crystal sensor and the second quartz crystal sensor have the same parameters.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 72 may include step 721 and step 722, wherein:
and step 721, acquiring a first resonance frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in the reference gas chamber by the first frequency measurement circuit, wherein the first resonance frequency of the quartz crystal in the reference gas chamber under the reference gas environment is a fixed value and is used as a detection reference of a second resonance frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor.
And step 722, the second frequency measurement circuit acquires the second resonance frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in the gas environment to be measured in the measurement gas chamber in real time.
And 73, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device determines whether the electrical equipment leaks according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 73 may include step 731 and step 732, wherein:
in step 731, the difference frequency circuit obtains a frequency difference signal of the second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor and the first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor.
In step 732, the controller determines whether the electrical device is leaking according to the frequency difference signal determined by the frequency difference circuit.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 732 may comprise: the controller determines the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected according to the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency; the controller judges whether the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value; the controller issues a first leakage alarm to the outside when the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is greater than a first preset threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined threshold may be 0 in the case where the reference gas in the reference gas chamber is the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
Based on the online monitoring method for leakage of the electrical equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the density change of the gas is obtained by measuring the frequency change of the quartz crystal oscillation circuit based on the piezoelectric effect of the quartz crystal, so that whether the electrical equipment leaks or not can be accurately judged, and the real-time monitoring of the density of the gas can be really realized.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of other embodiments of the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure. Steps 81-83 of the fig. 8 embodiment are the same as or similar to steps 71-73, respectively, of the fig. 7 embodiment. Preferably, this embodiment can be performed by the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device according to any embodiment of the present disclosure (e.g., any embodiment of fig. 1-6 and 9). The method comprises the following steps:
and 81, connecting the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device with the electrical equipment, and introducing the gas to be detected in the electrical equipment into a measurement gas chamber of the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device.
And 82, the online monitoring device for electrical equipment leakage obtains a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in the reference gas chamber under the reference gas environment through the oscillating circuit, and obtains a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in the measuring gas chamber under the gas environment to be measured through the oscillating circuit in real time, wherein the first quartz crystal sensor and the second quartz crystal sensor have the same parameters.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 82 may include step 821 and step 822, wherein:
in step 821, the first frequency measurement circuit obtains a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in the reference gas chamber, wherein the first resonant frequency of the quartz crystal in the reference gas chamber under the reference gas environment is a fixed value and is used as a detection reference of a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor.
Step 822, the second frequency measurement circuit obtains a second resonance frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in real time in the gas environment to be measured in the measurement gas chamber.
In step 83, the electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device determines whether the electrical equipment leaks according to the difference between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 83 may include step 831 and step 832, wherein:
and 831, acquiring a frequency difference signal of a second resonance frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor and a first resonance frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor by the difference frequency circuit.
In step 832, the controller determines whether the electrical device is leaking based on the frequency difference signal determined by the frequency difference circuit.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 832 may comprise: the controller determines the absolute value of the difference value delta rho of the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected (the gas density of the leaked gas) according to the difference value delta f of the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency; the controller judges whether the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value; the controller issues a first leakage alarm to the outside when the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is greater than a first preset threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined threshold may be 0 in the case where the reference gas in the reference gas chamber is the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of determining the absolute value of the difference between the reference gas first density value and the test gas first density value in step 832 may include: the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device determines the absolute value delta rho of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected according to a relational expression (1) of the difference delta f between the two resonant frequencies and the absolute value delta rho of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected (the gas density of the leaked gas), wherein A, B in the relational expression (1) are constants and are related to the gas to be detected; c is the offset of the system and is also a constant.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the reference gas is vacuum, since the density of the reference gas is 0, the absolute value Δ ρ of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is the first density value ρ of the gas to be measured1。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 85 may comprise: the online monitoring device for the leakage of the electrical equipment determines the mass of the reference gas according to the formula (3) so as to determine a first density value of the reference gas; determining the first density value rho of the gas to be detected according to the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected and the first density value of the reference gas1。
And step 85, the controller of the online leakage monitoring device for the electrical equipment sends the current first density value and the first leakage alarm of the gas to be detected to a display and a data remote transmission unit of the online leakage monitoring device for the electrical equipment through an electric transmission unit.
And 87, uploading the current first density value and the first leakage alarm of the current gas to be detected to a monitoring background by the data remote transmission unit.
After the online monitoring method for the leakage of the electrical equipment is adopted, when the quartz crystal oscillation dielectric constant detection equipment is in a closed system, the resonance frequency of the quartz crystal cannot change; when the gas in the gas chamber leaks slightly, the resonance frequency of the quartz crystal is changed, so that the density change of the insulating gas in the gas chamber can be sensitively detected.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of other embodiments of the online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure. Compared with the embodiment of fig. 1, the online leakage monitoring device 2 for electrical equipment of the embodiment of fig. 9 also comprises a measuring unit 3, an oscillating circuit unit 7, a control circuit 8, an electric transmission unit 9 and a display 10. Compared with the embodiment of fig. 1, the measurement unit 3 of the online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment of the embodiment of fig. 9 may further include a first dielectric constant detection device 11 and a second dielectric constant detection device 12, wherein:
the first dielectric constant detection apparatus 11 is provided in the reference gas chamber 4 for obtaining the dielectric constant of the reference gas in the reference gas chamber.
The second dielectric constant detection device 12 is disposed in the measurement gas chamber and is configured to obtain a dielectric constant of the gas to be measured in the measurement gas chamber, where parameters of the first dielectric constant detection device and the second dielectric constant detection device are the same.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first and second permittivity detection devices 11 and 12 may be implemented as capacitors or similar instruments.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the capacitor includes two electrodes and an insulating medium between the electrodes, wherein the insulating medium is a gas to be measured, such as SF6Gas, SF6Mixed gases or other insulating gases.
The control circuit 8 is connected to a first dielectric constant detection device 11 and a second dielectric constant detection device 12, respectively.
The control circuit 8 is used for determining a second density value of the reference gas and a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected; judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a second preset threshold value or not; and when the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a second preset threshold value, a second leakage alarm is given out.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second predetermined threshold may be 0 in the case where the reference gas is the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the first permittivity detection device and the second permittivity detection device employ capacitors, the control circuit 8 may include a measuring bridge.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, since the reference gas chamber and the measurement gas chamber are filled with the same gas to be measured, the dielectric constant ∈ of the gas in the reference gas chamber and the measurement gas chamber is the same, the two capacitors are in an equilibrium state, and the connected measurement bridge indicates 0. Once the measurement cell leaks, the equilibrium is broken and the dielectric constant difference Δ ∈ changes. The larger the difference in dielectric constant, the more gas leaks.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, if the temperature changes, the measurement bridge indication will not change because the capacitance values are the same.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit 8 may be further configured to, in a case where the online leakage monitoring device of the electrical equipment is connected to the electrical equipment and the gas to be measured in the electrical equipment is introduced into the equipment gas chamber, obtain a first resonant frequency of the reference gas in the reference gas chamber 4 through the first quartz crystal sensor 5, and obtain a second resonant frequency of the gas to be measured in the equipment gas chamber through the second quartz crystal sensor 6, where parameters of the first quartz crystal sensor 5 and the second quartz crystal sensor 6 are the same; determining the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected according to the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency; and in the case that the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value, a first leakage alarm is given out.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit 8 may be further configured to issue a third leakage alarm to the outside and instruct the electrical equipment to stop working if the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be measured are greater than the second predetermined threshold value, and the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is greater than the first predetermined threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the third leak alarm is ranked higher than the second alert information, and the second leak alarm is ranked higher than the first leak alarm.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference gas may be the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference gas may be a vacuum.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas to be measured may be a single gas or a mixed gas.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control circuit 8 may also be configured to determine a second density value of the gas to be measured according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that the gas to be measured is a mixed gas, the control circuit 8 may be configured to determine the second density value of the gas to be measured according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be measured and the ratio of each single gas in the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device may further include an electric transmission unit 9 and a display 10, wherein:
the control circuit 8 is connected to an electric drive unit 9, and the electric drive unit 9 is connected to a data display unit 10.
And the display 10 is used for displaying at least one of the information of the current first density value of the gas to be detected, the current second density value of the gas to be detected, the first leakage alarm, the second leakage alarm, the third leakage alarm and the like.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device may further include a data remote transmission unit, wherein:
the display 10 may also serve as a data remote unit.
The data remote transmission unit is connected with the electric transmission unit 9 and is used for uploading at least one of the information of the current first density value of the gas to be detected, the current second density value of the gas to be detected, the first leakage alarm, the second leakage alarm, the third leakage alarm and the like to the monitoring background.
Based on the electric equipment leakage on-line monitoring device that this open above-mentioned embodiment provided, can carry out gaseous electric equipment leakage on-line monitoring through two kinds of modes of quartz crystal microbalance measuring the resonant frequency change of insulating medium in the gas chamber and through monitoring the gas dielectric constant that awaits measuring changes to can realize SF in the electric equipment such as gas insulation equipment6Monitoring whether gas or other insulation leaks in real time, and sending a first leakage alarm to the outside under the condition that the quartz crystal microbalance monitors that the insulation gas in the electrical equipment leaks; sending a second leakage alarm to the outside under the condition that the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected is monitored to monitor that the insulating gas in the electrical equipment leaks; and under the condition that the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected are larger than a second preset threshold value, and the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value, a third leakage alarm is sent out outwards, and the electric equipment is indicated to stop working.
The gas leakage detection device has the advantages that the sensitivity of determining whether the gas to be detected leaks or not is higher by measuring the resonance frequency change of the insulating medium in the gas chamber through the quartz crystal microbalance, and the gas to be detected can be monitored under the condition that a small amount of insulating gas of the electrical equipment leaks, so that first alarm information is sent out externally.
According to the method, whether the leakage sensitivity of the gas to be detected is lower than that of a quartz crystal microbalance measurement mode is judged by monitoring the change of the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected, so that the leakage degree of the insulating gas is more serious under the condition that the leakage of the insulating gas is monitored by the dielectric constant of the gas, and therefore second alarm information is sent out.
The method measures the change of the resonant frequency of the insulating medium in the gas chamber through the quartz crystal microbalance and carries out on-line monitoring on the gas leakage of the electrical equipment by monitoring the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected, so that the gas density can be monitored in real time under the condition that one monitoring mode breaks down.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of some further embodiments of the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to the present disclosure. Steps 101-105 of the embodiment of fig. 10 are the same as or similar to steps 81-85, respectively, of the embodiment of fig. 8. Preferably, this embodiment can be performed by the online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment according to any embodiment (for example, the embodiment in fig. 9) of the present disclosure. The method comprises the following steps:
and 101, connecting the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device with electrical equipment, and introducing gas to be detected in the electrical equipment into a measurement gas chamber of the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device.
102, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device obtains a first resonant frequency of a first quartz crystal sensor in a reference gas chamber under a reference gas environment through an oscillating circuit, and obtains a second resonant frequency of a second quartz crystal sensor in a measuring gas chamber under a gas environment to be measured through the oscillating circuit in real time, wherein the first quartz crystal sensor and the second quartz crystal sensor have the same parameters.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 102 may comprise: the first frequency measurement circuit acquires a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in the reference gas chamber, wherein the first resonant frequency of the quartz crystal is a fixed value and is used as a detection reference of a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor under the reference gas environment in the reference gas chamber; and the second frequency measurement circuit acquires a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in real time under the gas environment to be measured in the measurement gas chamber.
And 103, determining whether the electrical equipment leaks or not by the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 103 may include the difference frequency circuit acquiring a frequency difference signal of the second resonance frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor and the first resonance frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor; the controller determines whether the electrical equipment leaks according to the frequency difference signal determined by the frequency difference circuit.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of determining whether the electrical device leaks according to the frequency difference signal determined by the difference frequency circuit in step 103 may include: the controller determines the absolute value of the difference value delta rho of the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected (the gas density of the leaked gas) according to the difference value delta f of the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency; the controller judges whether the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value; the controller issues a first leakage alarm to the outside when the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is greater than a first preset threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined threshold may be 0 in the case where the reference gas in the reference gas chamber is the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of determining the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured may include: the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device determines the absolute value delta rho of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected according to a relational expression (1) of the difference delta f between the two resonant frequencies and the absolute value delta rho of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected (the gas density of the leaked gas), wherein A, B in the relational expression (1) are constants and are related to the gas to be detected; c is the offset of the system and is also a constant.
104, the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines a first density value rho of the gas to be detected according to the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected1。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the reference gas is vacuum, since the density of the reference gas is 0, the absolute value Δ ρ of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be measured is the first density value ρ of the gas to be measured1。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 104 may comprise: the online monitoring device for the leakage of the electrical equipment determines the mass of the reference gas according to the formula (3) so as to determine a first density value of the reference gas; determining the first density value rho of the gas to be detected according to the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected and the first density value of the reference gas1。
And 105, acquiring the dielectric constant of reference gas in the reference gas chamber by the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device through first dielectric constant detection equipment, and acquiring the dielectric constant of gas to be measured in the measurement gas chamber through second dielectric constant detection equipment, wherein the parameters of the first dielectric constant detection equipment and the second dielectric constant detection equipment are the same.
And 106, determining a second density value of the reference gas and a second density value of the gas to be detected by the online leakage monitoring device of the electrical equipment according to the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that the gas to be measured is a single gas, step 106 may include: determining a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected by adopting a formula (5); and determining a second density value of the reference gas according to the dielectric constant of the reference gas. In the formula (5), k is a gas constant, and the k value of each gas is different; and epsilon is the dielectric constant of the gas to be measured under the condition that rho is the current second density value of the gas to be measured. In the formula (5), when ρ is the reference gas density, ε is the reference gas dielectric constant.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that the gas to be measured is a mixed gas, step 106 may include: determining a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected and the proportion of each single gas in the gas to be detected; the second density value of the reference gas is determined based on the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the ratio of each individual gas in the reference gas.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that the gas to be measured is a binary mixed gas a/B, step 106 may include: determining a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected and the proportion of each single gas in the gas to be detected by adopting a formula (6); the second density value of the reference gas is determined based on the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the ratio of each individual gas in the reference gas.
In the formula (6), kAAnd kBRespectively is the gas constant of the gas A and the gas B, and x and 1-x are the content proportion of the gas A and the gas B in the mixed gas; and epsilon is the dielectric constant of the gas to be measured under the condition that rho is the current second density value of the gas to be measured. When ρ is the reference gas density, ε is the reference gas dielectric constant.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas to be measured is a binary mixed gas SF6/N2In this case, step 109 may include: determining a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected and the proportion of each single gas in the gas to be detected by adopting a formula (7); the second density value of the reference gas is determined based on the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the ratio of each individual gas in the reference gas.
In the formula (7), the first and second groups,
and
are respectively gas SF6And gas N2X and 1-x are gas SF in the mixed gas6And gas N2The content ratio of (A); and epsilon is the dielectric constant of the gas to be measured under the condition that rho is the current second density value of the gas to be measured. In the case where ρ is the reference gas density, ε is the referenceThe dielectric constant of the gas.
And step 107, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device judges whether the absolute value of the difference between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a second preset threshold value.
And step 108, the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device gives a second leakage alarm to the outside when the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a second preset threshold value.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference gas may be the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured, or the reference gas may be a vacuum.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas to be measured may be a single gas or a mixed gas.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second predetermined threshold may be 0 in the case where the reference gas is the same reference gas as the original composition of the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first permittivity detection device and the second permittivity detection device employ capacitors, and the control circuit may include a measurement bridge.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference gas chamber is filled with SF having the same temperature, pressure and ratio as those of the gas in the electrical device under test (measurement gas chamber)6/N2The gas tightness grade of the mixed gas and the reference gas chamber is higher, and the physical parameters of the reference gas can be ensured not to be changed.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reference and measurement gas chambers are filled with exactly the same SF6/N2Mixed gas, reference gas cell and SF in measuring gas cell6/N2The dielectric constant epsilon of the gas mixture is the same, the two capacitors are in equilibrium and the measuring bridge connected shows a value of 0. Once the measurement cell leaks, the equilibrium is broken and the dielectric constant difference Δ ∈ changes.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, if the temperature changes, the measurement bridge indication will not change because the capacitance values are the same.
And 109, sending a third leakage alarm to the outside and indicating the electric equipment to stop working by the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device under the condition that the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected are greater than a second preset threshold value, and the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a first preset threshold value.
And 110, the on-line electrical equipment leakage monitoring device sends at least one item of information such as the current first density value of the gas to be detected, the current second density value of the gas to be detected, the first leakage alarm, the second leakage alarm and the third leakage alarm to a display and a data remote transmission unit through an electric transmission unit.
And step 111, displaying at least one of the current first density value of the gas to be detected, the current second density value of the gas to be detected, the first leakage alarm, the second leakage alarm, the third leakage alarm and other information by a display of the online leakage monitoring device for the electrical equipment.
And 112, uploading at least one item of information of the current first density value of the gas to be detected, the current second density value of the gas to be detected, the first leakage alarm, the second leakage alarm, the third leakage alarm and the like to a monitoring background by the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device.
And 113, arranging a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor in the measuring air chamber by the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device to acquire the temperature T and the pressure P of the gas to be measured.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that the gas to be measured is a mixed gas, the method may further include: and acquiring the proportion of the mixed gas according to the temperature T and the pressure P of the gas to be detected and the density of the gas to be detected, wherein the density of the gas to be detected can be a current first density value or a current second density value of the gas to be detected.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case that the gas to be measured is a binary mixed gas, the step of obtaining the proportion of the mixed gas according to the temperature T, the pressure P, and the password of the gas to be measured may include: obtaining the proportion of two gases in the binary mixed gas according to the formula (8),wherein rho is the current first density value or the current second density value of the gas to be measured, M1And M2The molar masses of the two gases in the binary mixed gas respectively.
Based on the method for monitoring the leakage of the electrical equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the leakage of the gas electrical equipment can be monitored in an on-line mode by measuring the change of the resonant frequency of the insulating medium in the gas chamber through the quartz crystal microbalance and monitoring the change of the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected, so that SF (sulfur hexafluoride) in the electrical equipment such as the gas insulating equipment can be realized6Monitoring whether gas or other insulation leaks in real time, and sending a first leakage alarm to the outside under the condition that the quartz crystal microbalance monitors that the insulation gas in the electrical equipment leaks; sending a second leakage alarm to the outside under the condition that the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected is monitored to monitor that the insulating gas in the electrical equipment leaks; and under the condition that the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected are larger than a second preset threshold value, and the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value, a third leakage alarm is sent out outwards, and the electric equipment is indicated to stop working.
The sensitivity of determining whether the density of the gas to be detected leaks or not is higher by measuring the resonance frequency change of the insulating medium in the gas chamber through the quartz crystal microbalance, and the sensitivity can be monitored under the condition that a small amount of insulating gas of electrical equipment leaks, so that first alarm information is sent out externally.
According to the method, whether the leakage sensitivity of the gas density to be detected is lower than that of a quartz crystal microbalance measurement mode is judged by monitoring the change of the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected, so that the leakage degree of the insulating gas is more serious under the condition that the leakage of the insulating gas is monitored by the dielectric constant of the gas, and therefore second alarm information is sent out.
The method measures the change of the resonant frequency of the insulating medium in the gas chamber through the quartz crystal microbalance and carries out on-line monitoring on the gas leakage of the electrical equipment by monitoring the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected, so that the gas density can be monitored in real time under the condition that one monitoring mode breaks down.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the instructions are executed by a processor to implement the online leakage monitoring method for electrical equipment according to any one of the embodiments (for example, any one of fig. 7, fig. 8, or fig. 10).
Based on the computer readable storage medium provided by the above embodiment of the present disclosure, the density change of the gas is monitored by measuring the frequency change of the quartz crystal oscillation circuit based on the piezoelectric effect of the quartz crystal, so as to determine whether the gas to be detected leaks, thereby truly realizing the real-time monitoring of the density of the gas.
The controllers described above may be implemented as a general purpose processor, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof, for performing the functions described herein.
Thus far, the present disclosure has been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. It will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description how to practice the presently disclosed embodiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware to implement the above embodiments, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclosure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (19)
1. An electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device is connected with the electric equipment, and gas to be detected in the electric equipment is led into a measuring gas chamber of the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device;
the online monitoring device for the leakage of the electrical equipment acquires a first resonant frequency of a first quartz crystal sensor in a reference gas chamber under a reference gas environment through an oscillating circuit, and acquires a second resonant frequency of a second quartz crystal sensor in a measuring gas chamber under a gas environment to be measured through the oscillating circuit in real time, wherein the first quartz crystal sensor and the second quartz crystal sensor have the same parameters;
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines whether the electric equipment leaks according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
2. The online electrical equipment leakage monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device determining whether the electrical equipment leaks according to a difference between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency comprises:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected according to the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency;
the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device gives a first leakage alarm to the outside when the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a first preset threshold value.
3. The electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method according to claim 2, further comprising:
the electric equipment leakage on-line monitoring device obtains the dielectric constant of reference gas in a reference gas chamber through first dielectric constant detection equipment, and obtains the dielectric constant of gas to be measured in a measurement gas chamber through second dielectric constant detection equipment, wherein the parameters of the first dielectric constant detection equipment and the second dielectric constant detection equipment are the same;
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines a second density value of the reference gas and a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected;
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device judges whether the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a second preset threshold value or not;
and the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device gives out a second leakage alarm when the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a second preset threshold value.
4. The electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method according to claim 3, further comprising:
and when the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected are greater than a second preset threshold value and the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a first preset threshold value, the online leakage monitoring device of the electrical equipment sends a third leakage alarm to the outside and indicates the electrical equipment to stop working.
5. The electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the reference gas is the same as the original composition of the gas to be detected, or the reference gas is vacuum;
the gas to be measured is a single gas or a mixed gas.
6. The online leakage monitoring method for the electrical equipment according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines a first density value of the gas to be detected according to a difference absolute value of the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected;
and the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device determines a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected.
7. The electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method according to claim 6, further comprising:
the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device displays at least one of a current first density value of the gas to be detected, a current second density value of the gas to be detected, a first leakage alarm, a second leakage alarm and a third leakage alarm;
the electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device uploads at least one of a current first density value of the gas to be detected, a current second density value of the gas to be detected, a first leakage alarm, a second leakage alarm and a third leakage alarm to a monitoring background.
8. The utility model provides an electrical equipment leaks on-line monitoring device which characterized in that, includes measuring element, oscillating circuit and control circuit, wherein:
the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device is connected with the electric equipment, and gas to be detected in the electric equipment is led into a measuring gas chamber of the electric equipment leakage online monitoring device;
the measuring unit is connected with the oscillating circuit, and the oscillating circuit is connected with the control circuit;
a reference gas chamber and a measurement gas chamber are arranged in the measurement unit, wherein the space in the measurement unit except the reference gas chamber is the measurement gas chamber;
the control circuit is used for acquiring a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor in a reference gas chamber under a reference gas environment through the oscillating circuit and acquiring a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor in a measuring gas chamber under a gas environment to be measured through the oscillating circuit in real time, wherein the parameters of the first quartz crystal sensor and the parameters of the second quartz crystal sensor are the same; and determining whether the electrical equipment leaks according to the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
9. The electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device according to claim 8,
the quartz crystal oscillation piece of each of the first quartz crystal sensor and the second quartz crystal sensor is coated with a metal material on both sides.
10. The electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device according to claim 9,
the quartz crystal oscillating piece is processed by a special cutting process, and each crystal lattice in the quartz crystal is in a regular hexagon under the condition of no stress.
11. The online electrical equipment leakage monitoring device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the oscillation circuit comprises a first crystal oscillation circuit and a second crystal oscillation circuit, wherein:
the first crystal oscillation circuit is connected with the first quartz crystal sensor;
the second crystal oscillation circuit is connected with the second quartz crystal sensor.
12. The online leakage monitoring device for electrical equipment according to any one of claims 8-10, wherein the control circuit comprises a first frequency measuring circuit and a second frequency measuring circuit, wherein:
the first frequency measurement circuit is connected with the first crystal oscillation circuit to obtain a first resonant frequency of the first quartz crystal sensor;
and the second frequency measurement circuit is connected with the second crystal oscillation circuit to acquire a second resonant frequency of the second quartz crystal sensor.
13. The electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device of claim 12, wherein the control circuit further comprises a difference frequency circuit and a controller, wherein:
the difference frequency circuit is respectively connected with the first frequency measurement circuit and the second frequency measurement circuit;
the difference frequency circuit is used for acquiring the difference value of the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency;
and a controller for determining whether the electrical device leaks according to a difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency.
14. The electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device of claim 13,
the controller is also used for determining the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected according to the difference between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency; and in the case that the absolute value of the difference between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a first preset threshold value, a first leakage alarm is given out.
15. The electrical equipment leakage online monitoring device according to claim 14, further comprising a first dielectric constant detection device and a second dielectric constant detection device, wherein:
the first dielectric constant detection device is arranged in the reference gas chamber and is used for acquiring the dielectric constant of reference gas in the reference gas chamber;
the second dielectric constant detection equipment is arranged in the measurement gas chamber and is used for acquiring the dielectric constant of the gas to be measured in the measurement gas chamber, wherein the parameters of the first dielectric constant detection equipment and the second dielectric constant detection equipment are the same;
the control circuit is used for determining a second density value of the reference gas and a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the reference gas and the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected; judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a second preset threshold value or not; and when the absolute value of the difference value between the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected is larger than a second preset threshold value, a second leakage alarm is given out.
16. The electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device of claim 15,
and the control circuit is used for giving a third leakage alarm and indicating the electrical equipment to stop working under the condition that the second density value of the reference gas and the second density value of the gas to be detected are greater than a second preset threshold value, and the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected is greater than a first preset threshold value.
17. The electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device of claim 16,
the control circuit is used for determining the first density value of the gas to be detected according to the absolute value of the difference value between the first density value of the reference gas and the first density value of the gas to be detected; and determining a second density value of the gas to be detected according to the dielectric constant of the gas to be detected.
18. The electrical equipment leakage on-line monitoring device according to claim 17, further comprising an electric transmission unit, a display and a data remote transmission unit, wherein:
the control circuit is connected with the electric transmission unit, and the electric transmission unit is connected with the display;
a display for displaying at least one of a current first density value of the gas to be measured, a current second density value of the gas to be measured, a first leak alarm, a second leak alarm, and a third leak alarm;
the data remote transmission unit is connected with the electric transmission unit and used for uploading at least one of a current first density value of the gas to be detected, a current second density value of the gas to be detected, a first leakage alarm, a second leakage alarm and a third leakage alarm to the monitoring background.
19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the online electrical equipment leakage monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN202010631317.0A CN113884407A (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method and device and computer readable storage medium |
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| CN202010631317.0A CN113884407A (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Electrical equipment leakage online monitoring method and device and computer readable storage medium |
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