CN113883517A - Natural air intake type low-nitrogen combustor - Google Patents
Natural air intake type low-nitrogen combustor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113883517A CN113883517A CN202111188084.2A CN202111188084A CN113883517A CN 113883517 A CN113883517 A CN 113883517A CN 202111188084 A CN202111188084 A CN 202111188084A CN 113883517 A CN113883517 A CN 113883517A
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- inlet pipe
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
- F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
- F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a natural air intake type low-nitrogen burner, which comprises: the device comprises a direct current nozzle, a swirl nozzle, a spherical nozzle and a refractory brick, wherein the upper part of the direct current nozzle is connected with the lower swirl nozzle through a connecting piece; a communicating pipeline is arranged above the direct current nozzle, the communicating pipeline is a horizontal ventilating pipeline, the communicating pipeline arranged above the direct current nozzle penetrates through a hole in a refractory brick and is connected with the spherical nozzle, the direct current nozzle and the rotational flow nozzle comprise Venturi tubes, the diameters of the left starting end and the right ending end of the Venturi tubes are equal, and the diameter of the middle waiting part is 0.6 times of the diameter of the starting end; the ratio of the length of the tapered part to the length of the diverging part is 1:2, and when the burner is used on small fire, a direct-current combustion nozzle is used; when the medium fire is used, the direct-flow combustion nozzle and the swirl combustion nozzle are used, and when the large fire is used, the direct-flow combustion nozzle, the swirl combustion nozzle and the spherical nozzle are simultaneously used. The utility model has simple structure, convenient disassembly and replacement, low production cost and capability of fully meeting the technical requirement of simple purification of the flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of combustors, in particular to a natural air inlet type low-nitrogen combustor.
Background
Presently, nitrogen oxides are one of the main pollutants responsible for atmospheric pollution. In the process of oil exploitation, a large amount of associated gas is generated in a crude oil stable area, and most oil wells simply filter the associated gas and then directly combust the associated gas for heating a heating furnace. The existing burner has no low-nitrogen effect. Most burners are of the blower type, relatively complex and expensive.
Chinese patent CN202020478489.4 specifically relates to a burner matched with heat energy equipment, specifically a flue gas internal circulation low-nitrogen burner, comprising: the air pipe, the exit end of the air pipe has reducing pipes, the end of the reducing pipe connects with the annular pipe; the annular ejector comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, an annular pipe is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, an annular air nozzle is formed between the annular pipe and the inner ring, a rotational flow disc is arranged in the inner ring, and the rotational flow disc is coaxial with the air pipe; the primary gas pipe is positioned in the center of the air pipe and vertically penetrates through the cyclone disc; the secondary gas pipe is connected with the primary gas pipe and annularly distributed between the inner ring and the annular pipe; and the three-stage gas spray pipes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the air pipe in an annular mode. The utility model mixes flue gas with larger flow into air and fuel gas by arranging two-stage combustion-supporting air and three-stage fuel gas and fully utilizing the kinetic energy of the fuel gas and the air, thereby reducing the combustion reaction speed and the temperature of flame, and further controlling the generation concentration of NOx.
However, the main low-nitrogen combustion technologies in the prior art include staged combustion (air staging, fuel staging), lean premixed combustion, flue gas recirculation, flameless combustion, swirl combustion, and the like. The existing oil field crude oil associated gas combustion nozzle is a simple fire tube or a simple diffusion nozzle, and the emission of nitrogen oxides cannot be reduced. With the national higher and higher environmental standards and requirements, the discharge amount of nitrogen oxides is strictly controlled. If the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are treated by tail gas, the cost is greatly increased. In the first line of oil exploitation, factors such as poor environment, long distance, insufficient maintenance equipment and the like limit the use of the low-nitrogen combustor with a complex structure and forced air supply. Therefore, the natural air inlet low-nitrogen combustor which has a simple structure, is convenient to disassemble and replace, has low production cost, meets the technical requirement of simple flue gas purification and can be used in severe environment is urgently needed to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a natural air inlet type low-nitrogen combustor, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, and the combustion cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: a natural draft low NOx burner comprising: the device comprises a direct-current nozzle (1), a cyclone nozzle (2), a spherical nozzle (3) and refractory bricks (4), wherein the upper part of the direct-current nozzle (1) is connected with the cyclone nozzle (2) below through a connecting piece;
a communicating pipeline (5) is arranged above the direct current nozzle (1), the communicating pipeline (5) is a horizontal ventilating pipeline, and the communicating pipeline (5) arranged above the direct current nozzle (1) penetrates through a hole in the refractory brick (4) rightwards and is connected with the spherical nozzle (3).
Preferably, the direct-flow nozzle (1) or the swirl nozzle (2) comprises an outer shell (101), a gas inlet pipe (102), a grating (103), a gas nozzle (104), a Venturi pipe (105), a mesh partition plate (106) and a flame stabilizing disc (107);
the swirl nozzle (2) comprises an outer shell (101 '), a gas inlet pipe (102 '), a grating (103 '), a gas nozzle (104 '), a Venturi tube (105 '), a mesh clapboard (106 ') and a flame stabilizing disc (107 ');
the outer shell (101) is a cylindrical bottom-sealing thin shell, a bottom circle center is externally connected with a through gas inlet pipe (102), the inner part of the outer shell is close to the gas inlet pipe (102) and is in a semicircular arc shape surrounding thickening, the left end of the outer shell (101) is connected with a grating (103), the right end of the outer shell is connected with a mesh partition plate (106), and the whole outer shell is wrapped and fixed by a support (108).
Preferably, the left end of the gas inlet pipe (102) is a circular gas source gas inlet, the right end of the gas inlet pipe penetrates through the outer shell (101) and is connected with the gas nozzle (104), and the outer diameter of the gas inlet pipe (102) is slightly larger than that of the gas nozzle (104).
Grid (103): the left side of the grating (103) is connected with the outer shell (101), the right side of the grating is connected with the Venturi tube (105), the grating is annularly arranged, the circular ring is divided into 12 gradually-reduced neutral positions, and each grating (103) is perpendicular to the axis direction and has no rotation angle.
Gas nozzle (104): the gas nozzle (104) is arranged on the right sides of the outer shell (101) and the gas inlet pipe (102), the outer diameter of the gas nozzle is slightly smaller than that of the gas inlet pipe (102), and the inner diameter of the left side of the gas nozzle is consistent with that of the gas inlet pipe (102);
the right side of the gas nozzle (104) is provided with a reducing pipe, and the reducing angle is 45 degrees.
Preferably, the venturi tube (105) is arranged on the right side of the grille (103) at a distance from the grille (103), the distance being adjustable according to the degree of gas combustion during operation; the right side of the Venturi tube (105) is connected with a mesh partition plate (106) and a flame stabilizing disc (107).
Furthermore, the diameters of the left starting end and the right ending end of the Venturi tube (105) are equal, and the diameter of the middle waiting part is 0.6 times of the diameter of the starting end;
the ratio of the length of the tapered portion to the length of the diverging portion is 1: 2.
Preferably, the mesh separator (106): the mesh partition plate (106) is arranged at the right end of the combustor, is connected with the Venturi tube (105) and the outer shell (101) from inside to outside respectively, and is annularly provided with four layers of circular meshes from inside to outside.
Flame stabilizing disk (107): the flame stabilizing disc (107) is arranged at the tail part of the burner, is a central circular blunt body and surrounds six fan-shaped openings.
Preferably, the outlet of the straight-flow nozzle (1) is straight-flow, and the outlet of the swirl nozzle (2) is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees. The structure is the only difference between the direct current nozzle (1) and the swirl nozzle (2), and other structures of the swirl nozzle (2) are the same as those of the direct current nozzle (1); namely, the fan-shaped opening of the outlet of the direct current nozzle (1) is an opening with no inclination angle in the axial direction, and the fan-shaped opening of the outlet of the swirl nozzle (2) is an opening with an inclination angle of 45 degrees in the axial direction;
the ball type nozzle (3) is a circular nozzle with 24 nozzles and 4x6 arranged in a ring shape.
Refractory brick (4): the 41 holes are filled annularly on the surface area of the refractory brick (4).
Preferably, the direct-flow nozzle (1) and the swirl nozzle (2) are arranged up and down, and the tail part is provided with a refractory brick (4) and a spherical nozzle (3) in sequence.
The technical scheme of the utility model at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the direct-current nozzle and the swirl nozzle structurally reinforce the mixing of fuel gas and flue gas and the mixing of fuel gas and oxygen through natural internal recirculation of the flue gas, and effectively reduce the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides.
2. The direct-flow nozzle, the swirl nozzle and the spherical nozzle are combined, so that the effects of dispersion and staged combustion are achieved, the generation of thermal NOx and rapid NOx is reduced, and the combustion stability is enhanced.
3. The utility model can reduce the occurrence of incomplete reaction, reduce the amount of smoke and dust at the tail part of the burner and meet the technical requirement of simple smoke purification.
4. The utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, low production cost, convenient disassembly and replacement and the like.
5. The venturi tube is integrated in a tapering and flaring manner, when gas flows in the venturi tube, the dynamic pressure at the throat part of the pipeline reaches the maximum value, the static pressure reaches the minimum value, and the velocity of the gas rises due to the reduction of the cross section area of the through flow. The entire inrush current is subjected to the pipe reduction process at the same time, and the pressure is reduced at the same time. Thereby generating a pressure difference which provides suction for the gas and sucks the smoke flowing back from the left side into the interior of the tube. Simply, the gas flow rate is accelerated to form a pressure difference, and the backflow smoke is sucked in.
6. The utility model leads the air and the burnt flue gas to flow back through the mesh clapboard and the grating of the flame stabilizing disc in turn and fully contact with the flue gas, thereby realizing the internal recirculation of the flue gas, reducing the concentration of the flue gas and the maximum combustion temperature, and improving the condition that the concentration of oxynitride in the combustion products is increased due to the uneven local combustion.
7. The utility model has simple structure: there are no two-stage combustion air and no three-stage gas. There are no electronic control system, no ignition device, no valve, motor, air door and control box. The using power is below 100 KW; it uses low-pressure gas supply mode (generally lower than 20 KPa); the normal gas delivery pressure is 175.6 KPa; no combustion detection device; compared with the prior art, the utility model has larger combustion furnace and is suitable for smaller combustion furnace although the combustion modes of high power, medium power and low power are distinguished. On the premise of not needing any electronic equipment (fans and the like), the smoke internal circulation technology of natural air suction (without fans) is realized, and compared with the prior art, the smoke internal circulation technology has no staged combustion technology, but has simpler structure, more convenient disassembly and replacement, low production cost and capability of being used in severe environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the structure of the DC swirler of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a swirl nozzle configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the swirl swirler structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a partition plate of a mesh of a swirling flow nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the outlet of the swirler of the present invention in a mesh partition of the swirler
FIG. 7 is a grid in the screen of the swirl swirler of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a sectional temperature distribution cloud chart of the present invention in use under three conditions;
FIG. 9 is a sectional NO distribution cloud chart of the present invention in use under three conditions;
wherein, the part names corresponding to the reference numbers are as follows:
the device comprises a direct current nozzle 1, a swirl nozzle 2, a spherical nozzle 3, refractory bricks 4, a communicating pipeline 5, an external shell 101, a gas inlet pipe 102, a grating 103, a gas nozzle 104, a Venturi tube 105, a mesh partition plate 106, a flame stabilizing disc 107 and a bracket 108;
an outer shell a 101 ', a gas inlet pipe a 102', a grille a103 ', a gas nozzle a 104', a Venturi tube a105 ', a mesh partition plate a 106', a flame stabilizing disc a107 'and a bracket 108';
Detailed Description
The utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "back", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used. Such terms are merely used to facilitate describing the utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
It should also be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention is embodied in three modes of use:
1) when the small fire is used:
the outdoor temperature is high, the combustion heat demand is low, and only the direct current nozzle 1 is used;
the gas is accelerated and sprayed into the venturi tube 105 through the gas nozzle 104 from the gas inlet pipe 102, the gas adiabatically expands in the venturi tube 105, the pressure is reduced, the flow rate is increased, and finally the gas rushes out of the venturi tube 105 to be combusted, and flue gas is generated.
As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, when the gas expands from the gas nozzle 104 and expands to the downstream, the pressure near the gas nozzle 104 is lower, and the speed difference between the gas jet flow and the air jet flow makes the air and the burned flue gas flow back through the mesh partition plate 106 and the grating 103 of the flame stabilizing disc 107 in turn, and fully contacts with the gas, thereby realizing the internal recirculation of the flue gas; therefore, the gas concentration and the maximum combustion temperature are reduced, and the condition that the concentration of nitrogen oxides in combustion products is increased due to local combustion unevenness is improved.
Furthermore, the refractory bricks 4 delay the backward flow of the flue gas and assist the direct current nozzle to increase the flue gas content in the flue gas internal circulation.
2) When the fire is in use:
the outdoor temperature is moderate, the combustion heat requirement is moderate, and only the direct-flow nozzle 1 and the swirl nozzle 2 are used. The fuel gas is accelerated and sprayed into a Venturi tube a105 'from a fuel gas inlet pipe a 102' through a fuel gas nozzle a104 ', and the fuel gas is adiabatically expanded in the Venturi tube a 105', the pressure is reduced, and the flow speed is increased; eventually, the gas rushes out of the venturi tube a 105' to be combusted, and flue gas is generated.
Further, when the gas expands from the gas nozzle a104 ' and expands downstream, the pressure near the gas nozzle a104 ' is lower, and the speed difference between the gas jet flow and the air jet flow enables the air and the combusted flue gas to sequentially flow back through the mesh partition plate a106 ' and the grating a103 ' of the flame stabilizing disc a107 ' and fully contact with the gas, so that the internal recirculation of the flue gas is realized. The concentration of fuel gas and the maximum combustion temperature are reduced, and the condition that the concentration of nitrogen oxides in combustion products is increased due to local combustion unevenness is improved.
The fuel gas is accelerated and sprayed into the Venturi tube 105 through the fuel gas inlet pipe 102 and the fuel gas nozzle 104, and the fuel gas is subjected to adiabatic expansion, pressure reduction and flow velocity increase in the Venturi tube 105; eventually the gas rushes out of the venturi tube 105 for combustion and produces flue gas.
Further, when the gas expands from the gas nozzle 104 and expands to the downstream, the pressure near the gas nozzle 104 is lower, and the speed difference between the gas jet flow and the air jet flow enables the air and the combusted gas to sequentially flow back through the mesh partition plate 106 and the grating 103 of the flame stabilizing disc 107 and fully contact with the gas, so that the internal recirculation of the gas is realized; therefore, the gas concentration and the maximum combustion temperature are reduced, and the condition that the concentration of nitrogen oxides in combustion products is increased due to local combustion unevenness is improved. Through the action of the swirler, a stable combustion area of flue gas backflow is generated at the front end of the flame at the outlet of the combustor.
Furthermore, the firebrick 4 delays the backward flow of the flue gas and assists the swirl nozzle 2 to increase the flue gas content in the flue gas internal circulation.
3) When the fire is used:
the outdoor temperature is low, the combustion heat requirement is high, and the direct current nozzle 1, the swirl nozzle 2 and the spherical nozzle 3 are used simultaneously.
In the same way, when the fuel gas enters the direct current nozzle 1 and the swirl nozzle 2, the same effect can be achieved when the fuel gas is used with middle fire.
As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the refractory bricks 4 delay the backward flow of the flue gas and assist the straight-flow nozzles 1 and the swirl nozzles 2 to increase the flue gas content in the flue gas internal circulation.
As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the fuel is respectively sprayed out from the direct current nozzle 1 and the swirl nozzle 2 or the spherical nozzle 3 according to a certain proportion, and the secondary fuel nozzle is arranged, so that the fuel is spatially distributed in a rich-lean way, the effects of dispersion and staged combustion are achieved, the flame combustion temperature is reduced, the temperature field at the outlet of the combustor is uniform, the generation of thermal NOx and rapid NOx is greatly reduced, and the combustion stability is enhanced.
The model fluid domain is divided by mixing tetrahedral meshes and hexahedral meshes, and is encrypted near a combustor and in a combustion area, so that 436.6 thousands of meshes are obtained; in three modes of use of the utility model:
when the small fire is used, the outdoor temperature is high, the combustion heat demand is low, only a direct current nozzle is used, and the power is 10 KW;
when the medium-fire water heater is used on medium fire, the outdoor temperature is moderate, the combustion heat demand is moderate, the swirl nozzle 2 and the direct-current nozzle 1 are used, and the power is 20 KW;
when the device is used on a big fire, the outdoor temperature is low, the combustion heat demand is high, and meanwhile, the direct-current nozzle 1, the swirl nozzle 2 and the spherical nozzle are used, and the power is 50 KW;
further, the highest temperature of the combustor is about 2000K, the lowest temperature is 298K, the high-temperature area is mainly concentrated in the interior of the backflow nozzle and the downstream of the nozzle, the downstream of the high-temperature area is a flue gas area, and the flue gas is CO2And H2O is the main component. The flue gas is discharged from the outlet after being cooled.
Because the fuel does not contain N element, NO generated in the combustion process only contains thermal NO and rapid NO. The high-concentration NO region is mainly concentrated in the vicinity of the high-temperature region, and NO in the region is mainly thermal type NO. And at the downstream of the high temperature zone, the thermal NO is gradually reduced along with the reduction of the temperature of the flue gas.
As shown in FIGS. 8-9, NO and O at the outlet of the furnace were counted based on the simulation data2And converting NO according to the following formula under the condition that the newly-built gas-fired boiler standard in the national standard 'emission standard of atmospheric pollutants for boilers' is converted into the oxygen concentration of flue gas of 3.5%, wherein the conversion result is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 reduced concentration of outlet NOx under different operating conditions
According to the emission standard of boiler atmospheric pollutants (GB 13271-2014), the emission amount of nitrogen oxides in the boiler is less than or equal to 80mg/m3New boiler nitrogen and oxygenThe discharge amount of the chemical substances is less than or equal to 30mg/m3According to the converted numerical values, the contents of nitrogen oxides in three different working conditions of 10KW, 20KW and 50KW are effectively reduced in the simulated working conditions, and the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants of boilers (GB 13271-2014) is met.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the technical solutions of the present invention. Any modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a natural air inlet formula low NOx burner which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a direct-current nozzle (1), a cyclone nozzle (2), a spherical nozzle (3) and refractory bricks (4), wherein the upper part of the direct-current nozzle (1) is connected with the cyclone nozzle (2) below through a connecting piece;
a communicating pipeline (5) is arranged above the direct current nozzle (1), the communicating pipeline (5) is a horizontal ventilating pipeline, and the communicating pipeline (5) arranged above the direct current nozzle (1) penetrates through a hole in the refractory brick (4) and is connected with the spherical nozzle (3).
2. The natural draft low NOx burner of claim 1, wherein: the direct-flow nozzle (1) or the swirl nozzle (2) comprises an outer shell (101), a gas inlet pipe (102), a grating (103), a gas nozzle (104), a Venturi tube (105), a mesh partition plate (106) and a flame stabilizing disc (107);
the swirl nozzle (2) comprises an outer shell (101 '), a gas inlet pipe (102 '), a grating (103 '), a gas nozzle (104 '), a Venturi tube (105 '), a mesh clapboard (106 ') and a flame stabilizing disc (107 ');
the outer shell (101) is a cylindrical bottom-sealing thin shell, a bottom circle center is externally connected with a through gas inlet pipe (102), the inner part of the outer shell is close to the gas inlet pipe (102) and is in a semicircular arc shape surrounding thickening, the left end of the outer shell (101) is connected with a grating (103), the right end of the outer shell is connected with a mesh partition plate (106), and the whole outer shell is wrapped and fixed by a support (108).
3. The natural draft low NOx burner of claim 2, wherein: the left end of the gas inlet pipe (102) is a circular gas source gas inlet, the right end of the gas inlet pipe penetrates through the outer shell (101) and is connected with the gas nozzle (104), and the outer diameter of the gas inlet pipe (102) is slightly larger than that of the gas nozzle (104);
the left side of the grating (103) is connected with the outer shell (101), the right side of the grating is connected with the Venturi tube (105), the grating is annularly arranged, a circular ring is divided into twelve gradually-reduced neutral positions, each grating (103) is perpendicular to the axis direction, and no rotating angle exists;
the gas nozzle (104) is arranged on the right sides of the outer shell (101) and the gas inlet pipe (102), the outer diameter of the gas nozzle is slightly smaller than that of the gas inlet pipe (102), and the inner diameter of the left side of the gas nozzle is consistent with that of the gas inlet pipe (102);
the right side of the gas nozzle (104) is provided with a reducing pipe, and the reducing angle is 45 degrees.
4. The natural draft low NOx burner of claim 2, wherein: the Venturi tube (105) is arranged on the right side of the grating (103) and is at a certain distance from the grating (103), and the distance can be correspondingly adjusted according to the gas combustion degree in work; the right side of the Venturi tube (105) is connected with a mesh partition plate (106) and a flame stabilizing disc (107);
furthermore, the diameters of the left starting end and the right ending end of the Venturi tube (105) are equal, and the diameter of the middle waiting part is 0.6 times of the diameter of the starting end;
the ratio of the length of the tapered portion to the length of the diverging portion is 1: 2.
5. The natural draft low NOx burner of claim 4, wherein: the mesh partition plate (106) is arranged at the right end of the combustor, is connected with the Venturi tube (105) and the outer shell (101) from inside to outside respectively, and is annularly provided with four layers of circular meshes from inside to outside.
6. The natural draft low NOx burner of claim 2, wherein: the flame stabilizing disc (107) is arranged at the tail part of the burner, is a central circular blunt body and surrounds six fan-shaped openings;
the outlet of the direct current nozzle (1) is direct current, and the outlet of the swirl nozzle (2) is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees;
the ball type nozzle (3) is a circular nozzle with 24 nozzles and 4x6 nozzles which are arranged in a ring shape.
7. A using method of a natural air inlet type low-nitrogen combustor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) when the small fire is used, the direct current nozzle (1) is used, fuel gas is sprayed into the Venturi tube (105) from the fuel gas inlet pipe (102) through the fuel gas nozzle (104) in an accelerating mode, the fuel gas is subjected to adiabatic expansion in the Venturi tube (105), the pressure is reduced, the flow speed is increased, and finally the fuel gas rushes out of the Venturi tube (105) to be combusted, and smoke is generated;
2) when the gas expands from the gas nozzle (104) and expands to the downstream, the pressure near the gas nozzle (104) is lower, and the speed difference between the gas jet flow and the air jet flow enables the air and the combusted flue gas to sequentially flow back through the mesh partition plate (106) and the grating (103) of the flame stabilizing disc (107) and fully contact with the gas, so that the internal recirculation of the flue gas is realized, the gas concentration and the maximum combustion temperature are reduced, and the condition that the concentration of oxynitride in the combustion product is increased due to the uneven local combustion is improved.
8. The use method of the natural air intake type low-nitrogen combustor according to claim 7, characterized in that: when the medium fire is used, the direct current nozzle (1) and the swirl nozzle (2) are used, and the steps are consistent with those of the small fire.
9. The use method of the natural air intake type low-nitrogen combustor according to claim 7, characterized in that: when the high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-pressure-resistant high-temperature-pressure medium is used in a big fire, the direct-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-.
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