CN113883242A - Self-adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Self-adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission Download PDF

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CN113883242A
CN113883242A CN202010627935.8A CN202010627935A CN113883242A CN 113883242 A CN113883242 A CN 113883242A CN 202010627935 A CN202010627935 A CN 202010627935A CN 113883242 A CN113883242 A CN 113883242A
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speed change
output
input
conical disc
transmission
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姚进
李华
李超
彭科铭
唐斯琪
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/04—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/664—Friction gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H2061/2869—Cam or crank gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H2061/2884—Screw-nut devices

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an exponential type non-spinning traction type stepless speed changer of a self-adaptive speed changing rotating wheel, which consists of an input shaft, an input conical disc, an intermediate transmission part, an output shaft, an output conical disc and a speed changing mechanism, wherein the input shaft is connected with the input conical disc; the input shaft and the output shaft are coaxially installed, the middle transmission component comprises an upper transmission roller, a lower transmission roller, an upper speed change rocker, a lower speed change rocker, a speed change sleeve and a slide rail, one end of each of the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker is hinged to the same point of the speed change sleeve, the slide rail is installed on the axial lines of the input shaft and the output shaft and fixed on the frame, and the slide rail is in sliding connection with the speed change sleeve; the speed change mechanism is a screw nut mechanism, the screw is arranged in parallel with the input shaft and the output shaft, and the nut is arranged in the speed change sleeve and can rotate around the axis of the screw. Power is input from the input shaft, transmitted to the input conical disc through the input end face cam loading mechanism, transmitted to the upper and lower transmission rollers through traction transmission and then transmitted to the output conical disc, and then output to the output shaft through the output end face cam loading mechanism, so that power output is realized.

Description

Self-adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission
Technical Field
The invention relates to a traction type continuously variable transmission in a transmission system, in particular to an exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission with a self-adaptive variable speed runner.
Background
The Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) can provide a series of continuous transmission ratios, so that the vehicle engine always works at a high-efficiency point, the efficiency of the whole vehicle can be greatly improved, the vehicle emission is reduced, the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, and the CVT is an ideal mechanical transmission scheme. The traction type CVT has the characteristics of high power density, high efficiency, large transmission power and the like, and will become the development direction of the future continuously variable transmission technology.
Generally, the efficiency loss of a traction CVT mainly includes: spin loss, slip loss, sideslip loss, bearing loss, and churning loss. The spin loss is relatively large relative to other types of losses, typically 40% to 60%. Spin generation is caused by uneven velocity distribution of the traction element and the element being pulled during traction drive. In general, scholars tend to consider such spin losses as being insusceptible to the smallest possible losses over the range of gear ratios. Due to the spin blockage, in the traction CVT, the transmission efficiency can only reach 75% -90% after optimization, further improvement becomes extremely difficult, and the application range and the transmission capacity of the traction CVT are greatly reduced.
Aiming at the problem of spin-elimination traction CVT design, namely spin-free traction CVT design, in the prior technical scheme, a solution thought is given by a traction CVT research team of Sichuan university as a representative, namely starting from a spin-free condition, a bus equation of a transmission part is optimized by adopting a differential equation method, a speed change mechanism is redesigned, and the like, so that the optimized traction CVT structure meets the spin-free condition. The chinese patent CN104776180A applied by this team discloses a non-spin transmission unit, which takes a semi-ring traction CVT as an example, and performs generatrix optimization of a conical disk to obtain an optimization equation, and restricts the input conical disk and the output conical disk from moving axially along the rotating shaft during the speed regulation process, and the roller from moving radially along the rotating shaft, so as to implement non-spin transmission. The scheme has the following defects: only the result of bus optimization is given, and the actual structural characteristics of a speed change mechanism and a loading mechanism are not given; this scheme cannot achieve adaptive speed change for the load.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the technology and provide a self-adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission structure. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an exponential non-spinning traction type stepless speed variator with self-adaptive speed-changing rotating wheel is composed of input shaft, input conic disk, intermediate drive unit, output shaft, output conic disk and speed-changing mechanism. An input end face cam loading mechanism is arranged between the input shaft and the input conical disc, an output end face cam loading mechanism is arranged between the output shaft and the output conical disc, and the input shaft and the output shaft are coaxially arranged; the middle transmission component consists of an upper group of upper transmission idler wheels and a lower group of transmission idler wheels which are symmetrically arranged, an upper speed change rocker and a lower speed change rocker, a speed change sleeve and a slide rail, wherein the upper transmission idler wheels and the lower transmission idler wheels are respectively arranged on the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker through bearings, the axial positions of the upper transmission idler wheels and the lower transmission idler wheels are fixed, one ends of the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker are hinged to the same point of the speed change sleeve, the point is always positioned on the axial lines of the input shaft and the output shaft, the slide rail is arranged on the axial lines of the input shaft and the output shaft and fixed on the frame, and the slide rail is in sliding connection with the speed change sleeve; the speed change mechanism is a screw nut mechanism, the screw is arranged in parallel to the axes of the input shaft and the output shaft, and the nut is arranged in the speed change sleeve and can freely rotate around the axis of the screw; the intermediate transmission part is arranged between the input conical disc and the output conical disc, and the specific mode is as follows: the input conical disc is in traction contact with an upper transmission roller and a lower transmission roller of the middle transmission part, and the output conical disc is in traction contact with an upper transmission roller and a lower transmission roller of the middle transmission part. Power is input from the input shaft and is transmitted to the input conical disc through the input end face cam loading mechanism, the input conical disc transmits the power to the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller of the middle transmission part through traction transmission, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller transmit the power to the output conical disc through the traction transmission, and the power is output to the output shaft through the output end face cam loading mechanism to achieve power output.
To realize no selfThe bus equation of an input conical disk and an output conical disk in the scheme of the invention is
Figure 397094DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The coordinate system of the bus equation is established by the method that the X axis coincides with the rotation axis of the conical disc, the plane XOY passes through the contact point of the roller and the conical disc, and the Y axis passes through the O point and is vertical to the X axis; in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 893934DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，
Figure 75517DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the distance between the contact point and the intersection point of the normal line of the contact point of the roller and the conical disc in the middle transmission component and the rotation axis of the conical disc,
Figure 265190DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the half cone angle of the roller is C, C is a constant, and X in the curve equation of the generatrix of the input cone disc and the output cone disc are opposite signs.
In the scheme of the invention, in order to ensure the realization of a non-spinning state in the speed changing process, namely to ensure that the common normal lines of the rotation axes of the input conical disc, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller and the contact points of the input conical disc, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller intersect at one point, and simultaneously ensure that the common normal lines of the rotation axes of the output conical disc, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller and the contact points of the output conical disc, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller intersect at one point, the rotation axes of the input shaft and the output shaft are provided with the slide rail and the speed changing sleeve, the slide rail is fixed on the frame, the slide rail is in sliding connection with the speed changing sleeve, and the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller are hinged at the same point of the speed changing sleeve.
In order to realize automatically controlled automatic speed change, be connected with the variable speed motor in the one end of lead screw, the variable speed motor can be based on the certain moment of torsion of operating mode output and realize the variable speed, and the variable speed mode is: when the variable-speed motor outputs torque to drive the screw rod to rotate, the nut moves axially along the screw rod to drive the variable-speed sleeve to move axially along the screw rod, the upper variable-speed rocker and the lower variable-speed rocker rotate simultaneously around a hinged joint of the two variable-speed rockers due to the movement of the variable-speed sleeve, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller are driven to rotate synchronously by the rotation of the upper variable-speed rocker and the lower variable-speed rocker, the input end face cam loading mechanism and the output end face cam loading mechanism force the input conical disc and the output conical disc to move along respective rotary axes so as to ensure that the input conical disc and the output conical disc are in compression contact with the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller at new contact points, the working radii of the input conical disc and the output conical disc are changed, the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission is changed accordingly, and the variable-speed process is realized.
In order to realize self-adaptive output load speed change, one end of the lead screw is connected with the output shaft through a gear mechanism, and the lead screw rotates along with the rotation of the output shaft; the nut is connected with a spring, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the rack and is coaxially arranged with the screw rod. The speed change mode is as follows: when the working condition is stable, the torque exerted on the screw rod by the output shaft is stable, so that the force exerted on the nut by the screw rod is stable and is equal to the force exerted on the nut by the spring, the direction is opposite, the nut is in a force balance state at the moment, the output shaft drives the screw rod to rotate, and the screw rod drives the nut to idle; when the load changes, the torque of the output shaft changes, the torque applied on the screw rod by the output shaft changes, so that the force applied on the nut by the screw rod changes, the force applied on the nut by the spring does not change, at the moment, the nut is in a force imbalance state, the output shaft drives the screw rod to rotate, the nut can move axially along the screw rod until a new force balance point is reached, the nut moves axially along the screw rod to drive the speed change sleeve to move axially along the screw rod, the movement of the speed change sleeve enables the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker to rotate simultaneously around a hinge joint of the two speed change rockers, the rotation of the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker drives the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller to rotate synchronously, and meanwhile, the input end face cam loading mechanism and the output end face cam loading mechanism force the input conical disc and the output conical disc to move along respective rotation axes to ensure that the input conical disc is fixed, The output conical disc is in compression contact with the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller at new contact points, the working radius of the input conical disc and the working radius of the output conical disc are changed, the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission is changed, and the speed change process is realized.
In the scheme of the invention, the input shaft and the output shaft can be interchanged, namely the input end is changed into the output end, and the output end is changed into the input end.
In the scheme of the invention, the input conical disc, the output conical disc, the upper transmission roller wheel, the lower transmission roller wheel, the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker are symmetrically distributed.
In the scheme of the invention, the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker simultaneously rotate around the hinge joint of the two speed change rockers by the movement of the speed change sleeve along the axial direction of the screw rod, so that the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller are driven to synchronously rotate, and the input end face cam loading mechanism and the output end face cam loading mechanism are added to force the input conical disc and the output conical disc to move along respective rotation axes, thereby realizing speed change.
In the scheme of the invention, in order to ensure the contact positive pressure between the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller as well as the input conical disc and the output conical disc, an end face cam loading mode is adopted to realize axial loading.
The working principle of the exponential non-spinning traction type stepless speed changer with the self-adaptive variable speed rotating wheel is as follows:
(1) during transmission: power is input from the input shaft and is transmitted to the input conical disc through the input end face cam loading mechanism, the input conical disc transmits the power to the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller of the middle transmission part through traction transmission, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller transmit the power to the output conical disc through the traction transmission, and the power is output to the output shaft through the output end face cam loading mechanism to achieve power output.
(2) During gear shifting: the automatic speed change of the electronic control, the variable speed motor in the speed change gear drives the lead screw to rotate, the nut moves axially along the lead screw, thus drive the speed change bush to move axially along the lead screw, the movement of the speed change bush makes upper speed change rocker and lower speed change rocker rotate around the pin joint of two speed change rockers at the same time, the rotation of upper speed change rocker and lower speed change rocker drives the upper drive roller and lower drive roller to rotate synchronously, input end cam loading mechanism and output end cam loading mechanism force input conical disk and output conical disk to move along respective rotary axes in order to guarantee that input conical disk, output conical disk and upper drive roller and lower drive roller are in contact with each other in a pressing way at new contact points, the working radius of input conical disk and output conical disk changes, the drive ratio of the stepless speed changer also changes accordingly, and the speed change process is realized; the self-adaptive output load speed change, the output shaft drives the lead screw to rotate, when the load changes, the nut can move axially along the lead screw to drive the speed change sleeve to move axially along the lead screw, the movement of the speed change sleeve enables the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker to rotate around the hinged joint of the two speed change rockers at the same time, the rotation of the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker drives the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller to synchronously rotate, meanwhile, the input end face cam loading mechanism and the output end face cam loading mechanism force the input conical disc and the output conical disc to move along respective rotation axes to ensure that the input conical disc, the output conical disc, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller are in compression contact at new contact points, the working radiuses of the input conical disc and the output conical disc change, the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission also changes, and the speed change process is realized.
The self-adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type stepless speed changer has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the scheme of the invention, the speed change sleeve simultaneously controls the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller, so that the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller synchronously rotate, and the accuracy and the stability of traction transmission are ensured.
(2) Realizing non-spinning transmission: in the scheme of the invention, the input conical disc and the output conical disc both adopt a spin-free optimization equation, and the ingenious design of the speed change mechanism ensures that the common normal lines of the rotation axes of the input conical disc, the rotation axes of the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller, and the contact points of the input conical disc, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller always intersect at one point, and the common normal lines of the rotation axes of the output conical disc, the rotation axes of the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller, and the contact points of the output conical disc, the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller always intersect at one point, thereby ensuring the spin-free transmission and improving the transmission efficiency of the traction type CVT.
(3) Reasonable speed change mechanism and loading mechanism: the invention adopts the speed change sleeve, the speed change rocker and the spiral transmission speed change mechanism, and the mechanism is simple and convenient to realize. In addition, the invention adopts an end face cam loading mode to realize axial loading, and ensures the normal force of the contact points of the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller with the input conical disc and the output conical disc, thereby greatly improving the loading reliability.
(4) The invention provides a self-adaptive variable-speed non-spinning traction type transmission structure which can realize self-adaptive variable speed according to the load change of an output shaft, does not need to adopt external power control, improves the power transmission efficiency and improves the economy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission schematic diagram of an exponential non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission with a self-adaptive variable speed runner according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the speed change process of the adaptive speed change runner exponential type non-spin traction type continuously variable transmission, wherein a thick solid line represents a current stable speed ratio state, and a thin solid line represents a stable speed ratio state after speed change.
Fig. 3 is an electric control speed change schematic diagram of an adaptive speed change runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of adaptive speed change of an exponential non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission with an adaptive speed change runner according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the numerals and letters represent the following meanings:
1-an input shaft; 2-input end face cam loading mechanism; 3-inputting a conical disc; 4-driving the roller; 8-lower transmission roller; 5-upper speed change rocker; 9-lower speed change rocker; 6-a speed change sleeve; 7-a slide rail; 12-an output shaft; 11-output end cam loading mechanism; 10-output conical disc; 13-a nut; 14-a screw rod; 15-a variable speed motor; 16-a spring; 17-gear mechanism.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
example one
As shown in fig. 1, the transmission schematic diagram of the present embodiment is a transmission schematic diagram of the adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission, which is composed of an input shaft 1, an input conical disc 3, an intermediate transmission member, an output shaft 12 and an output conical disc 10. An input end face cam loading mechanism 2 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the input conical disc 3, an output end face cam loading mechanism 11 is arranged between the output shaft 12 and the output conical disc 10, and the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12 are coaxially installed; the middle transmission component consists of an upper transmission roller 4, a lower transmission roller 8, an upper speed change rocker 5, a lower speed change rocker 9, a speed change sleeve 6 and a sliding rail 7 which are symmetrically arranged up and down, wherein the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are respectively arranged on the upper speed change rocker 5 and the lower speed change rocker 9 through bearings, the axial positions of the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are fixed, one ends of the upper speed change rocker 5 and the lower speed change rocker 9 are hinged at the same point of the speed change sleeve 6, the point is always positioned on the axial lines of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12, the sliding rail 9 is arranged on the axial lines of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12 and is fixed on a rack, and the sliding rail 9 is in sliding connection with the speed change sleeve 6; the speed change mechanism is a screw and nut mechanism, a screw 14 is arranged parallel to the axes of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12, and a nut 13 is arranged inside the speed change sleeve 6 and can freely rotate around the axis of the screw 14; the intermediate transmission part is arranged between the input conical disk 3 and the output conical disk 10, and the specific mode is as follows: the input conical disc 3 is in traction contact with an upper transmission roller 4 and a lower transmission roller 8 of the middle transmission part, and the output conical disc 10 is in traction contact with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 of the middle transmission part. Power is input from an input shaft 1 and is transmitted to an input conical disc 3 through an input end face cam loading mechanism 2, the input conical disc 3 transmits the power to an upper transmission roller 4 and a lower transmission roller 8 of a middle transmission part through traction transmission, the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 transmit the power to an output conical disc 10 through the traction transmission, and then the power is output to an output shaft 12 through an output end face cam loading mechanism 11, so that power output is realized.
In order to realize a non-spinning structure, the bus equation of the input conical disk 3 and the output conical disk 10 in the scheme of the invention is
Figure 165013DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The coordinate system of the bus equation is established by the method that the X axis coincides with the rotation axis of the conical disc, the plane XOY passes through the contact point of the roller and the conical disc, and the Y axis passes through the O point and is vertical to the X axis; in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 731123DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，
Figure 501633DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the distance between the contact point and the intersection point of the normal line of the contact point of the roller and the conical disc in the middle transmission component and the rotation axis of the conical disc,
Figure 862208DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is the half cone angle of the roller, C is a constant, X in the curve equation of the generatrix of the input cone disk 3 and the output cone disk 10 has different signs.
In the scheme of the invention, in order to ensure the realization of a non-spinning state in the speed changing process, namely to ensure that the revolution axis of the input conical disc 3, the revolution axes of the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8, and the common normal line of the contact points of the input conical disc 3 with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are intersected at one point, and simultaneously ensure that the revolution axis of the output conical disc 10, the revolution axes of the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8, and the common normal line of the contact points of the output conical disc 10 with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are intersected at one point, a sliding rail 7 and a speed changing sleeve 6 are arranged on the revolution axes of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12, the sliding rail 7 is fixed on a frame, the sliding rail 7 is in sliding connection with the speed changing sleeve 6, and the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are hinged at the same point of the speed changing sleeve 6.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to realize the electric control automatic speed change, one end of the lead screw 14 is connected with a speed change motor 15, the speed change motor 15 can output a certain torque to realize speed change according to the working condition, and the speed change mode is as follows: when the variable speed motor 15 outputs torque to drive the screw rod 14 to rotate, the nut 13 moves along the axial direction of the screw rod 14, thereby driving the speed-changing sleeve 6 to axially move along the screw 14, the movement of the speed-changing sleeve 6 enables the upper speed-changing rocker 5 and the lower speed-changing rocker 9 to simultaneously rotate around the hinge point of the two speed-changing rockers, the rotation of the upper speed-changing rocker 5 and the lower speed-changing rocker 9 drives the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 to synchronously rotate, meanwhile, the input end face cam loading mechanism 2 and the output end face cam loading mechanism 11 force the input conical disc 3 and the output conical disc 10 to move along respective rotation axes so as to ensure that the input conical disc 3 and the output conical disc 10 are in compression contact with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 at new contact points, the working radius of the input conical disc 3 and the working radius of the output conical disc 10 are changed, the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission is changed accordingly, and the speed change process is realized.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, the transmission schematic diagram of the present embodiment is a transmission schematic diagram of the adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission, which is composed of an input shaft 1, an input conical disc 3, an intermediate transmission member, an output shaft 12 and an output conical disc 10. An input end face cam loading mechanism 2 is arranged between the input shaft 1 and the input conical disc 3, an output end face cam loading mechanism 11 is arranged between the output shaft 12 and the output conical disc 10, and the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12 are coaxially installed; the middle transmission component consists of an upper transmission roller 4, a lower transmission roller 8, an upper speed change rocker 5, a lower speed change rocker 9, a speed change sleeve 6 and a sliding rail 7 which are symmetrically arranged up and down, wherein the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are respectively arranged on the upper speed change rocker 5 and the lower speed change rocker 9 through bearings, the axial positions of the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are fixed, one ends of the upper speed change rocker 5 and the lower speed change rocker 9 are hinged at the same point of the speed change sleeve 6, the point is always positioned on the axial lines of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12, the sliding rail 9 is arranged on the axial lines of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12 and is fixed on a rack, and the sliding rail 9 is in sliding connection with the speed change sleeve 6; the speed change mechanism is a screw and nut mechanism, a screw 14 is arranged parallel to the axes of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12, and a nut 13 is arranged inside the speed change sleeve 6 and can freely rotate around the axis of the screw 14; the intermediate transmission part is arranged between the input conical disk 3 and the output conical disk 10, and the specific mode is as follows: the input conical disc 3 is in traction contact with an upper transmission roller 4 and a lower transmission roller 8 of the middle transmission part, and the output conical disc 10 is in traction contact with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 of the middle transmission part. Power is input from an input shaft 1 and is transmitted to an input conical disc 3 through an input end face cam loading mechanism 2, the input conical disc 3 transmits the power to an upper transmission roller 4 and a lower transmission roller 8 of a middle transmission part through traction transmission, the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 transmit the power to an output conical disc 10 through the traction transmission, and then the power is output to an output shaft 12 through an output end face cam loading mechanism 11, so that power output is realized.
In order to realize a non-spinning structure, the bus equation of the input conical disk 3 and the output conical disk 10 in the scheme of the invention is
Figure 718168DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The coordinate system of the bus equation is established by the method that the X axis coincides with the rotation axis of the conical disc, the plane XOY passes through the contact point of the roller and the conical disc, and the Y axis passes through the O point and is vertical to the X axis; in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 87970DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，
Figure 978565DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the distance between the contact point and the intersection point of the normal line of the contact point of the roller and the conical disc in the middle transmission component and the rotation axis of the conical disc,
Figure 244461DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is the half cone angle of the roller, C is a constant, X in the curve equation of the generatrix of the input cone disk 3 and the output cone disk 10 has different signs.
In the scheme of the invention, in order to ensure the realization of a non-spinning state in the speed changing process, namely to ensure that the revolution axis of the input conical disc 3, the revolution axes of the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8, and the common normal line of the contact points of the input conical disc 3 with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are intersected at one point, and simultaneously ensure that the revolution axis of the output conical disc 10, the revolution axes of the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8, and the common normal line of the contact points of the output conical disc 10 with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are intersected at one point, a sliding rail 7 and a speed changing sleeve 6 are arranged on the revolution axes of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12, the sliding rail 7 is fixed on a frame, the sliding rail 7 is in sliding connection with the speed changing sleeve 6, and the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 are hinged at the same point of the speed changing sleeve 6.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to realize the speed change of the adaptive output load, one end of the lead screw 14 is connected with the output shaft 12 through a gear mechanism 17, and the lead screw 14 rotates along with the rotation of the output shaft 12; a spring 16 is connected to the nut 13, and the other end of the spring 16 is fixed on the frame and is coaxially arranged with the screw 14. The speed change mode is as follows: when the working condition is stable, the torque exerted on the screw rod 14 by the output shaft 12 is stable, so that the force exerted on the nut 13 by the screw rod 14 is stable and equal to the force exerted on the nut 13 by the spring 16, the direction is opposite, at the moment, the nut 13 is in a force balance state, the output shaft 12 drives the screw rod 14 to rotate, and the screw rod 14 drives the nut 13 to idle; when the load changes, the torque of the output shaft 12 changes, the torque applied by the output shaft 12 on the lead screw 14 changes, so that the force applied by the lead screw 14 on the nut 13 changes, the force applied by the spring 16 on the nut 13 does not change, at this time, the nut 13 is in a force imbalance state, the output shaft 12 drives the lead screw 14 to rotate, the nut 13 moves axially along the lead screw 14 until a new force balance point is reached, the nut 13 moves axially along the lead screw 14 to drive the speed change sleeve 6 to move axially along the lead screw 14, the movement of the speed change sleeve 6 enables the upper speed change rocker 5 and the lower speed change rocker 9 to rotate around a hinge point of the two speed change rockers simultaneously, the rotation of the upper speed change rocker 5 and the lower speed change rocker 9 drives the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 to rotate synchronously, and the input end face cam loading mechanism 2 and the output end face cam loading mechanism 11 force the input conical disc 3 and the output conical disc 10 to move along respective rotation axes to ensure that the input conical disc 3 and the output conical disc 10 move, The output conical disc 10 is in compression contact with the upper transmission roller 4 and the lower transmission roller 8 at new contact points, the working radius of the input conical disc 3 and the working radius of the output conical disc 10 are changed, the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission is changed, and the speed change process is realized.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles, inventive features, and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (6)

1. An exponential non-spinning traction type stepless speed changer of a self-adaptive variable speed rotating wheel consists of an input shaft, an input conical disc, an intermediate transmission part, an output shaft, an output conical disc and a speed change mechanism; the method is characterized in that: an input end face cam loading mechanism is arranged between the input shaft and the input conical disc, an output end face cam loading mechanism is arranged between the output shaft and the output conical disc, and the input shaft and the output shaft are coaxially arranged; the middle transmission component consists of an upper group of upper transmission idler wheels and a lower group of transmission idler wheels which are symmetrically arranged, an upper speed change rocker and a lower speed change rocker, a speed change sleeve and a slide rail, wherein the upper transmission idler wheels and the lower transmission idler wheels are respectively arranged on the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker through bearings, the axial positions of the upper transmission idler wheels and the lower transmission idler wheels are fixed, one ends of the upper speed change rocker and the lower speed change rocker are hinged to the same point of the speed change sleeve, the point is always positioned on the axial lines of the input shaft and the output shaft, the slide rail is arranged on the axial lines of the input shaft and the output shaft and fixed on the frame, and the slide rail is in sliding connection with the speed change sleeve; the speed change mechanism is a screw nut mechanism, the screw is arranged in parallel to the axes of the input shaft and the output shaft, and the nut is arranged in the speed change sleeve and can freely rotate around the axis of the screw; the intermediate transmission part is arranged between the input conical disc and the output conical disc.
2. The adaptive variable speed runner exponential spin-free traction type continuously variable transmission of claim 1, wherein: the generatrix equation of the input conical disk and the output conical disk is
Figure 825587DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(ii) a The coordinate system establishing method of the bus equation comprises the following steps: the X axis is coincident with the rotation axis of the conical disc, when the speed ratio O is 1, the axis of the roller wheel intersects with the X axis, the plane XOY passes through the contact point of the roller wheel and the conical disc, and the Y axis passes through the O point and is perpendicular to the X axis; in the equation of the bus-bar,
Figure 999080DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，
Figure 478603DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the distance between the contact point and the intersection point of the normal line of the contact point of the roller and the conical disc in the middle transmission component and the rotation axis of the conical disc,
Figure 446559DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the half cone angle of the roller is C, C is a constant, and X in the curve equation of the generatrix of the input cone disc and the output cone disc are opposite signs.
3. The adaptive variable speed runner exponential spin-free traction type continuously variable transmission of claim 1, wherein: through the axial removal of speed change sleeve along the lead screw for last speed change rocker and lower speed change rocker rotate simultaneously round the pin joint of two speed change rockers, thereby drive transmission gyro wheel and lower transmission gyro wheel synchronous revolution on the area, including input terminal surface cam loading mechanism and output terminal surface cam loading mechanism force input gyro wheel and output roller along the removal of respective axis of revolution to realize the variable speed.
4. The adaptive variable speed runner exponential spin-free traction type continuously variable transmission of claim 1, wherein: in order to ensure the contact positive pressure between the upper transmission roller and the lower transmission roller as well as the input conical disc and the output conical disc, an end face cam loading mode is adopted to realize axial loading.
5. The adaptive variable speed runner exponential spin-free traction type continuously variable transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the electric control automatic speed change is carried out, one end of the lead screw is connected with a speed change motor, and the speed change motor can output a certain torque to realize speed change according to working conditions.
6. The adaptive variable speed runner exponential spin-free traction type continuously variable transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the self-adaptive output load changes speed, one end of the screw rod is connected with the output shaft through a gear mechanism, and the screw rod rotates along with the rotation of the output shaft; a nut is arranged in the speed change sleeve and can freely rotate around the axis of the screw rod; the nut is connected with a spring, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the rack and is coaxially arranged with the screw rod.
CN202010627935.8A 2020-07-02 2020-07-02 Self-adaptive variable speed runner exponential type non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission Pending CN113883242A (en)

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