CN113880140A - TaS with controllable stacking morphology2Preparation method of nanosheet - Google Patents

TaS with controllable stacking morphology2Preparation method of nanosheet Download PDF

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CN113880140A
CN113880140A CN202111350677.4A CN202111350677A CN113880140A CN 113880140 A CN113880140 A CN 113880140A CN 202111350677 A CN202111350677 A CN 202111350677A CN 113880140 A CN113880140 A CN 113880140A
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tantalum disulfide
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tacl
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CN113880140B (en
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肖冠军
沈威
刘锦阳
隋永明
邹勃
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Jilin University
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Abstract

The TaS with controllable stacking appearance2A preparation method of a nano-sheet belongs to the technical field of new energy material preparation, and TaCl is prepared5Powder and oleylamine in Schlenk System N2Rapidly mixing under gas protection, heating the system to 300 deg.C, discharging gas via a small pinhole, and slowly injecting into CS2To TaCl5And keeping the mixture in the mixture of oleylamine and the mixture at 300 ℃ for one and a half hours, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature, and washing and drying the mixture to obtain the tantalum disulfide nanosheet. The method realizes the synthesis of the tantalum disulfide nano material with different degrees of 2H/1T mixing and corresponding different stacking appearances for the first time, fills the vacancy of the transition metal sulfide synthesis technology, and provides conditions for the research of the transition metal sulfide in the field of catalytic materials.

Description

TaS with controllable stacking morphology2Preparation method of nanosheet
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy material preparation, and particularly relates to a new energy materialTaS with different degrees of 2H/1T mixing corresponding to different stacking appearances2A preparation method of the nano-sheet.
Background
With the increasing demand for energy, the vigorous development of clean energy is the main direction for solving the energy problem. The hydrogen production by water electrolysis becomes an important way for hydrogen production development in a clean and sustainable way. Although the Pt-based noble metal catalyst has high hydrogen production performance, the high price and rare reserves limit the application of the Pt-based noble metal catalyst in practical production. Non-noble metal transition metal sulfides are a new generation of hydrogen evolution catalyst for replacing noble metals due to excellent hydrogen production capacity, abundant reserves and low price. There are many strategies for improving the hydrogen evolution performance of transition metal sulfides, such as edge engineering, defect engineering, phase engineering, doping engineering, and the like. Wherein, the engineering has obvious effect on improving the hydrogen evolution performance of the transition metal sulfide. Group-six transition metal sulfide MoS2,WS2The metal 1T phase of (a) has better electron transport efficiency and electrode kinetics than the semiconductor 2H phase, which makes the role of phase engineering in improving catalytic activity non-negligible.
Group V transition metal sulfide TaS2It has been demonstrated that metal 2H has a higher hydrogen evolution activity than the metal 1T phase. In the present experiment, TaS with single phase structure is generated by solid powder sintering or chemical vapor deposition at higher temperature2Nanosheets. With the continuous development of the nano-synthesis technology, the liquid phase synthesis technology can realize the change of phase engineering and morphology by controlling the difference of the co-heating solvent and the surfactant. Currently, the liquid phase method is utilized to prepare TaS with different degrees of 2H/1T mixing corresponding to different stacking morphologies2Methods for nanosheets have not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of filling the gap in the background technology and provide a method for preparing TaS with different degrees of 2H/1T mixing corresponding to different stacking appearances2A method of nanoplatelets.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
stacking morphology controllableTaS2A process for the preparation of the nanosheets by contacting TaCl5Powder and oleylamine in Schlenk System N2Rapidly mixing under gas protection, heating the system to 300 deg.C, discharging gas via a small pinhole, and slowly injecting into CS2To TaCl5Keeping the temperature of the mixture with oleylamine at 300 ℃ for one and a half hours, stopping heating the system, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing the sample with normal hexane and methanol, and drying in a freeze dryer to obtain tantalum disulfide nanosheets; the tantalum disulfide nanosheets with different degrees of 2H/1T mixed phases and corresponding to different stacking appearances are obtained by changing the heating process: when the temperature of the system reaches 120 ℃, the system stays for 20 minutes at the temperature, then the exhaust is stopped, and then the system is continuously heated to 300 ℃, and finally the accordion-shaped stacked tantalum disulfide nanosheets are obtained; when the temperature of the system reaches 120 ℃, the system stays at the temperature for 20 minutes, then the exhaust is stopped, when the temperature is increased to 180 ℃, the exhaust is stopped after 5 minutes, the system is continuously heated to 300 ℃, and finally the tantalum disulfide nano sheets which are vertically arranged are obtained; if the gas is exhausted in the heating process, stopping exhausting until the system is continuously heated to 300 ℃, and finally obtaining the tantalum disulfide ultrathin nanosheet; wherein, according to the molar ratio, TaCl5:CS21.17:9 molar ratio, TaCl5Oleylamine 1mmol:3.4 mL.
Has the advantages that:
1. the synthesized tantalum disulfide nanosheet has potential application in the field of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
2. The liquid phase synthesis process used in the present invention makes TaS2The nano sheets are in a 2H/1T mixed phase and correspond to different stacking appearances, so that the electronic structure and the effective active area of the material are further improved, and a huge potential application value is brought to the material.
3. The synthetic material of the invention has uniform appearance and higher purity, and overcomes the problem of uneven appearance of the product in the existing synthetic method.
4. The invention belongs to a one-step synthesis method, does not need to transfer and dope a sample for the second time, has simple production process, uses common laboratory products as reagents, can be purchased in the market and does not need to be processed.
Drawings
Figure 1 is an experimental X-ray diffraction spectrum comparison of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanosheets produced in example 1, vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanosheets produced in example 2, and ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanosheets produced in example 3.
Figure 2 is an experimental X-ray diffraction pattern of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 1 compared to standard XRD curves for different phase structures.
Figure 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 1 at a scale bar of 2 μm.
Figure 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 1 at a scale bar of 1 μm.
Figure 5 is a transmission electron micrograph at scale bar of 1 μm of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 1.
Figure 6 is a transmission electron micrograph at scale bar of 500nm of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 1.
Figure 7 is a high resolution transmission electron micrograph at scale bar of 10nm of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 1.
FIG. 8 is a scanning electron microscope photomicrograph of the vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanoplates produced in example 2 at a scale bar of 3 μm.
FIG. 9 is a scanning electron micrograph of the vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanosheets produced in example 2 at a scale bar of 1 μm.
FIG. 10 is a TEM micrograph of vertically aligned TaN nanosheets prepared in example 2 at a scale bar of 500 nm.
FIG. 11 is a TEM micrograph of vertically aligned TaN nanosheets prepared in example 2 at a scale bar of 200 nm.
FIG. 12 is a high resolution TEM image of vertically aligned TaN nanosheets obtained in example 2 at a scale bar of 10 nm.
Figure 13 is a scanning electron microscope photomicrograph of the ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 3 at a scale bar of 2 μm.
Figure 14 is a scanning electron microscope photomicrograph of ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 3 at a scale bar of 1 μm.
Figure 15 is a transmission electron micrograph at scale bar of 500nm of ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 3.
Figure 16 is a transmission electron micrograph at scale bar of 100nm of ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates made in example 3.
FIG. 17 is a high resolution TEM image of the ultrathin TaSb nanosheets prepared in example 3 at a scale bar of 10 nm.
Figure 18 is a surface scan of the bulk elements of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates prepared by the method of the present invention.
Figure 19 is a scan of the distribution of Ta element in accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates prepared by the method of the invention.
Figure 20 is a scan of the distribution of the S element in accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates prepared by the method of the present invention.
Fig. 21 is an energy spectrum of Ta, S elements in accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates prepared by the method of the present invention.
Figure 22 is a surface scan of the bulk elements of vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanoplates produced by the method of the present invention.
Fig. 23 is a scan of the distribution of Ta element in vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanoplates prepared by the method of the invention.
Figure 24 is a scan of the distribution of the S element in vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanoplates made by the method of the present invention.
Fig. 25 is an energy spectrum of Ta, S elements in vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanoplates prepared by the method of the present invention.
Figure 26 is a surface scan of the bulk elements of ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates made by the method of the present invention.
Fig. 27 is a scan of the distribution of Ta element in the ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates prepared by the method of the present invention.
Figure 28 is a scan of the distribution of the S element in the ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates made by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 29 is an energy spectrum of Ta and S elements in the ultrathin tantalum disulfide nanosheet prepared by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 30 is a graph of accordion-like stacks of tantalum disulfide nanosheets, vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanosheets, ultrathin tantalum disulfide nanosheets in an acidic solution of 0.5M H2SO4Linear sweep voltammetry curve (iv).
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, in which the reagents are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available products and are used without further purification.
Example 1 preparation of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanosheets
1.17mmol of TaCl5Powder and 4mL oleylamine N in Schlenk System2Mix quickly in a 50mL three-neck flask under gas protection. The sample was mixed well with stirring by the magnetons, the system was slowly heated and the gas was vented through a small needle. When 120 ℃ had been reached, the temperature was left at this temperature for 20 minutes, and then the venting was stopped. The system was continuously heated to 300 ℃ and 0.55mL of CS was slowly injected2To a mixture of a source of Ta and oleylamine. The temperature is kept for one and a half hours, and then the system stops heating and naturally cools to the room temperature. And washing the sample with n-hexane and methanol, and drying in a freeze dryer to obtain the accordion-shaped stacked tantalum disulfide nanosheets. As shown in fig. 1, the X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates compares very well with the XRD curve of the standard 1T phase structure, with the 2H phase structure being characteristic of where the diamond symbols mark. Figure 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of accordion-stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates compared to XRD curves for standard 1T phase and 2H phase structures. FIGS. 3 to 6 are ratios respectivelyScanning electron micrographs with an example bar (scale bar) of 2 μm and 1 μm and transmission electron micrographs with a scale bar (scale bar) of 1 μm and 500 nm. It can be clearly seen that TaS2The nano-film is made of nano-sheets stacked like an accordion, and the average diameter of the nano-film is 250-300 nm. FIG. 7 is a high-resolution transmission electron micrograph at a scale bar of 10nm, in which it is possible to see the different electron structural arrangements of 1T and 2H.
Example 2 preparation of vertically aligned tantalum disulfide nanoplates
1.17mmol of TaCl5Powder and 4mL oleylamine N in Schlenk System2Mix quickly in a 50mL three-neck flask under gas protection. The sample was mixed well with stirring by the magnetons, the system was slowly heated and the gas was vented through a small needle. When 120 ℃ had been reached, the temperature was left at this temperature for 20 minutes, and then the venting was stopped. Exhausting at 180 deg.C for 5 min, heating to 300 deg.C, and slowly injecting 0.55mL CS2To the mixture of Ta source and oleylamine for one and a half hours. And then the system stops heating and naturally cools to room temperature. And washing the sample with n-hexane and methanol, and drying in a freeze dryer to obtain the vertically arranged tantalum disulfide nanosheets. As shown in fig. 1, X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of vertically stacked tantalum disulfide nanoplates compares very well with the XRD profile of the standard 1T phase structure, with the 2H phase structure being characteristic of where the diamond symbols mark. FIGS. 8 to 9 are scanning electron microscope photographs with a scale bar of 3 μm and 1 μm, respectively. FIGS. 10 to 11 are transmission electron micrographs at a scale bar of 500nm and 200nm, respectively. It is clearly seen that the perpendicular TaS2Nanosheets and accordion-like TaS2The nanosheets have smaller diameters, approximately 250-300 nm, than the nanosheets. FIG. 12 is a high-resolution transmission electron micrograph at a scale bar of 10nm, in which it is possible to see different electron structural arrangements of 1T and 2H.
Example 3 preparation of ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates
1.17mmol of TaCl5Powder and 4mL oleylamine N in Schlenk System2Mix quickly in a 50mL three-neck flask under gas protection. The sample is stirred by magnetonMixing, heating the system slowly and discharging gas through a small needle, stopping discharging gas when the temperature reaches 300 deg.C, and slowly injecting 0.55mL CS2To the mixture of Ta source and oleylamine for one and a half hours. And then the system stops heating and naturally cools to room temperature. And washing the sample with n-hexane and methanol, and drying in a freeze dryer to obtain the ultrathin tantalum disulfide nanosheet. As shown in fig. 1, the X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of ultra-thin tantalum disulfide nanoplates compares very well with the XRD curve of the standard 1T phase structure, with the 2H phase structure characteristic of the places marked by diamond symbols. FIGS. 13 to 14 are scanning electron micrographs at scales (scale bar) of 2 μm and 1 μm, respectively. FIGS. 15 to 16 are transmission electron micrographs at a scale bar of 500nm and 100nm, respectively. It is clearly seen that the ultra-thin TaS2 nanosheets have smaller diameters, approximately 100-150 nm, than the perpendicular TaS2 nanosheets. FIG. 17 is a high-resolution transmission electron micrograph at a scale bar of 10nm, in which it is possible to see different electron structural arrangements of 1T and 2H.
The tantalum disulfide nanosheets prepared in example 1, example 2 and example 3 are subjected to surface scanning, and through scanning graphs and energy spectrum graphs of fig. 18-29, the tantalum disulfide element is uniformly distributed, and the main components Ta and S are basically consistent with the compound TaS 2.
Example 4 electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution Performance test
And measuring the electrochemical catalytic properties of the accordion-shaped stacked tantalum disulfide nanosheets, the vertically-arranged tantalum disulfide nanosheets and the ultrathin tantalum disulfide nanosheets by using an electrochemical workstation. As shown in FIG. 30, the tantalum disulfide nanosheets were in an acidic solution of 0.5M H2SO4Linear sweep voltammetry curve (iv). It can be seen that the thickness of the film is 10mA cm under the control of the phase structure and the influence of the stacking morphology-2The overpotential under the current density of the nano-film is 290mV of accordion-shaped tantalum disulfide nano-sheets, 318mV of vertical nano-sheets and 280mV of ultrathin nano-sheets. With the increase of voltage, the current density of the ultrathin nanosheets increases faster, and under the potential of-0.685V, the current density of the ultrathin tantalum disulfide nanosheets can reach 150mA cm-2At the same overpotential, the accordion-shaped nano-tubeThe current densities of the rice flakes and the vertical nano flakes are 120mA cm and cm respectively-2And 85mA cm-2. The influence of the regulation and the morphology of the phase structure is illustrated, and the tantalum disulfide nano-sheets with different stacking morphologies are 0.5M H2SO4Has good electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance.

Claims (1)

1. TaS with controllable stacking morphology2A process for the preparation of the nanosheets by contacting TaCl5Powder and oleylamine in Schlenk System N2Rapidly mixing under gas protection, heating the system to 300 deg.C, discharging gas via a small pinhole, and slowly injecting into CS2To TaCl5Keeping the temperature of the mixture with oleylamine at 300 ℃ for one and a half hours, stopping heating the system, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing the sample with normal hexane and methanol, and drying in a freeze dryer to obtain tantalum disulfide nanosheets; the tantalum disulfide nanosheets with different degrees of 2H/1T mixed phases and corresponding to different stacking appearances are obtained by changing the heating process: when the temperature of the system reaches 120 ℃, the system stays for 20 minutes at the temperature, then the exhaust is stopped, and then the system is continuously heated to 300 ℃, and finally the accordion-shaped stacked tantalum disulfide nanosheets are obtained; when the temperature of the system reaches 120 ℃, the system stays at the temperature for 20 minutes, then the exhaust is stopped, when the temperature is increased to 180 ℃, the exhaust is stopped after 5 minutes, the system is continuously heated to 300 ℃, and finally the tantalum disulfide nano sheets which are vertically arranged are obtained; if the gas is exhausted in the heating process, stopping exhausting until the system is continuously heated to 300 ℃, and finally obtaining the tantalum disulfide ultrathin nanosheet; wherein, according to the molar ratio, TaCl5:CS21.17:9 molar ratio, TaCl5Oleylamine 1mmol:3.4 mL.
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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160153098A1 (en) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-02 William Marsh Rice University Self-improving electrocatalysts for gas evolution reactions
CN105977487A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-09-28 武汉理工大学 Accordion-shaped VS2 material as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN108298583A (en) * 2018-02-06 2018-07-20 北京大学 Prepare the method and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution catalyst of vertical transition nano metal sulfide chip arrays
CN109790013A (en) * 2016-09-12 2019-05-21 纳米2D材料有限公司 The solution of two chalcogenide nanoparticle of stratiform transition metal is combined to
CN110300731A (en) * 2017-02-02 2019-10-01 纳米2D材料有限公司 The 2D stratified material that shines is synthesized using the precursor of amine-metal complex and slow release sulphur
CN111545221A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-18 清华-伯克利深圳学院筹备办公室 Homologous metal gradient material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113149076A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-07-23 吉林大学 Preparation method of phosphorus-selenium co-doped niobium disulfide nano material
CN113437630A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-24 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Based on 1T-TaS2And its application in laser

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160153098A1 (en) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-02 William Marsh Rice University Self-improving electrocatalysts for gas evolution reactions
CN105977487A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-09-28 武汉理工大学 Accordion-shaped VS2 material as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN109790013A (en) * 2016-09-12 2019-05-21 纳米2D材料有限公司 The solution of two chalcogenide nanoparticle of stratiform transition metal is combined to
CN110300731A (en) * 2017-02-02 2019-10-01 纳米2D材料有限公司 The 2D stratified material that shines is synthesized using the precursor of amine-metal complex and slow release sulphur
CN108298583A (en) * 2018-02-06 2018-07-20 北京大学 Prepare the method and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution catalyst of vertical transition nano metal sulfide chip arrays
CN111545221A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-18 清华-伯克利深圳学院筹备办公室 Homologous metal gradient material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113149076A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-07-23 吉林大学 Preparation method of phosphorus-selenium co-doped niobium disulfide nano material
CN113437630A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-24 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Based on 1T-TaS2And its application in laser

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