CN113878865A - 3D printing method for paper folding structure - Google Patents
3D printing method for paper folding structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113878865A CN113878865A CN202111174823.2A CN202111174823A CN113878865A CN 113878865 A CN113878865 A CN 113878865A CN 202111174823 A CN202111174823 A CN 202111174823A CN 113878865 A CN113878865 A CN 113878865A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing method of a paper folding structure, which comprises a software simulation generation part and an actual production part, wherein the software simulation generation part is used for generating a crease according to a paper folding plane input by a user according to a paper folding structure to be finally obtained, and performing dynamic mechanical folding simulation and evaluation on the crease to obtain a semi-folded 3D printing model without support; the actual production comprises printing the 3D printing model, wherein the crease part is printed in a 3D mode in a bridging printing mode. The method can complete the folding process more quickly and effectively, and can produce the folded paper structures with different physical properties. In addition, the present method can also create adjustable shape change capability by adjusting the print path and print throughput, thereby providing adjustable flexibility for the fold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and relates to a 3D printing method for a paper folding structure.
Background
During the design and manufacture of the paper folding structure, manual folding, paper folding experience or folding tutorials, and long folding times are required. Three-dimensional printing, a rapid prototyping technique, can generally produce objects or solid models that are difficult to physically modify, but often cannot print paper-folded structures; there is a need for a paper folding structure 3D printing method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3D printing method of a paper folding structure, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method can complete the folding process faster and more effectively by vertically printing the half-folded paper folding structure, the consumed time is only 1/20 of normal paper folding, and the method can also create adjustable shape change capability by adjusting the printing path and the printing extrusion amount, thereby providing adjustable flexibility for the folding.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the 3D printing method of the paper folding structure comprises a software simulation generation part and an actual production part, wherein the software simulation generation part is used for generating a crease according to the paper folding plane input by a user and finally obtaining the paper folding structure to be obtained, and performing dynamic mechanical folding simulation and evaluation on the crease to obtain a semi-folded 3D printing model without support; the actual production comprises printing the 3D printing model, wherein the crease part is printed in a 3D mode in a bridging printing mode.
Further, the software simulation generating part comprises:
inputting a model: a user inputs a plane model with any size as a basis;
and (3) crease generation: based on various typical paper folding shapes, carrying out grid partitioning on an input model to obtain creases, and ensuring the folding capability of the model;
dynamic folding simulation: simulating the stress condition of the whole model by using mechanical simulation software, and setting two groups of forces, wherein one group of forces is used for folding the whole model, and the other group of forces is used for flattening the model, and the two groups of forces ensure that the whole model can keep a stable state in a virtual three-dimensional space;
evaluation of printability: because the final product is printed perpendicular to the printing plane, the included angle between each block plane and the printing plane is monitored in real time, and the included angles between all the block planes of the model and the printing plane are at least larger than 58.6 degrees by adjusting the two groups of forces; a semi-folded, unsupported, 3D printable model is obtained.
When the bridge printing mode is adopted to print the crease, for the vacant part in the bridge printing, the printing head is enabled to pass through the vacant part at the limit speed by controlling the G code.
The paper folding structure is integrated with a solid model, the paper folding structure is printed by adopting the method, the solid model is printed by adopting a conventional three-dimensional 3D printing process, G codes of two printing modes are woven together, and printing is completed in one operation.
The prototype manufacturing method can not only add flexible physical attributes to the solidified FDM printing piece, but also skip the complicated manual paper folding process, thereby accelerating the prototype manufacturing time. The folding process can be completed faster and more effectively, and meanwhile, the paper folding structures with different physical properties can be produced. In addition, the present method creates an adjustable shape change capability by adjusting the print path and print throughput, thereby providing adjustable flexibility for the fold. Through systematic experiments on printing parameters, we demonstrate the possibility of 3D printing a series of semi-folded origami structures using the method of the invention, including basic folding, water-bullet folding, open-sink folding, curved folding, meta-structure folding, and various combinations of these structures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of several exemplary origami shapes;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic paper folding interface in an example application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a crease making process in an application example;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a non-developable curved vase printed using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a heterogeneous spring prototype printed using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of two movable prototypes;
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
The 3D printing method of the paper folding structure comprises a software simulation generation part and an actual production part, wherein the software simulation generation part comprises the following steps: inputting paper folding planes with different sizes; generating a crease according to the user requirement; dynamically simulating the folding process; and generating a semi-folding model, so that a user can quickly finish the paper folding prototype. The actual production part comprises: 3D printing a folded surface; and manually folding according to different paper folding textures. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the software simulation generation part comprises:
inputting a model: a user inputs a plane model with any size as a basis;
and (3) crease generation: based on various typical paper folding shapes, carrying out grid partitioning on an input model to obtain creases, and ensuring the folding capability of the model; this process can be referred to in the book origami tissues awe-invasion geometrical designs, which gives a very comprehensive variety of origami geometrical partitions. As shown in fig. 1, a library of deformed prototypes of partially folded paper structures.
Dynamic folding simulation: simulating the stress condition of the whole model by using mechanical simulation software, and setting two groups of forces, wherein one group of forces is used for folding the whole model, and the other group of forces is used for flattening the model, and the two groups of forces ensure that the whole model can keep a stable state in a virtual three-dimensional space;
evaluation of printability: because the final product is printed perpendicular to the printing plane, the included angle between each block plane and the printing plane is monitored in real time, and the included angles between all the block planes of the model and the printing plane are larger than 58.6 degrees by adjusting the two groups of forces; a semi-folded, unsupported, 3D printable model is obtained. The dynamic simulation and evaluation process can be implemented by using kangaroo software, and a specific dynamic paper folding interface is shown in fig. 2 and is used for simulating and estimating the paper folding process. Five sliding bars and one reset switch are designed in the interface. First, the interface allows the user to alter the "size" and "number of squares" (corresponding to the number of faces and density), "force" refers to the folding strength required to deform the mesh, and "pull" counteracts "force" by pulling on the shape in the XZ plane. The balance between these two parameters keeps the virtual origami in a static state. Through adjusting the slide bar, assess the printable nature of model, if the angle of piecemeal plane and printing plane is too big will lead to this piecemeal plane can't self-supporting and influence the printing quality or lead to printing unable completion at the printing in-process, consequently, adjust the in-process real-time detection of slide bar and monitor every piecemeal plane and the contained angle of printing the plane, if this angle is greater than 58.6, then will correspond the piecemeal plane and show for red, then whole model scheme can not be printed, the adjustment slide bar appears until there is not red plane, then obtain half folding printable model.
In actual printing, the crease part is printed by adopting a bridging printing mode, for example, a hard part is made of PLA material, and the traditional FDM printing needs a solid foundation or supports layer-by-layer manufacturing. However, the molten filament from the printer has some flexibility, which enables it to resist gravity over short distances. Bridging printing is therefore used to make unsupported draping polymers when printing patterns to make flexible and compliant folds, so that the structure has the flexibility of a single sheet of paper and can be folded repeatedly. For the vacant part in bridging printing, the traditional method usually adopts a recovery mode, namely, the printing head is controlled not to extrude the material at the vacant position, so that a vacancy is formed at the position, and then the printing head is controlled to extrude the material to print the structure at the periphery of the vacancy; this method requires precise control of the time when the print head extrudes or rewinds the material, and the quality of the print is often poor; the method of the invention leads the printing head to sweep the vacant part at the limit speed by controlling the g-code, and can print the crease structure well as shown in figure 3.
The structure printed by the method of the invention has the advantages that the crease part can be repeatedly bent and the tolerance is good. The method has strong flexibility of printing shape, most of the printed matters obtained by adopting the traditional 3D printing method are fixed and can not be deformed, and the method can be used for manufacturing flexible printed matters, has easily-expanded structure and can be connected with other 3D models to manufacture various deformable prototypes.
Fig. 4 shows a non-developable surface vase, the surface of which has double curvature. This means that it is a curved surface that cannot be flattened out as a plane. The method of the invention can realize the flexible object with the inextensible curved surface which can not be manufactured by the traditional paper folding method. To obtain better deformability, its inner and outer layers are connected by 15mm bridges. These flexible folds allow a certain angle of rotation between the two layers, which further constitutes an adjustable outer contour.
The physical properties of this method are directly related to throughput and print speed, so we tested compression on the button structure. As shown in fig. 5, we 3D printed a button with a gradual increase in extrusion from 80% to 160% from bottom to top, which gives the button a gradient resistance to compressive loading. The experiment in fig. 5c shows that the resistance and the compression distance are no longer linear but rather exponential. This structure can expand the haptic experience in human-computer interaction.
The printing method structure can be manufactured as a single material workpiece, and can be integrated with a solid model as a functional and deformable structure. Prototypes can be made with primitives of various shape changes, allowing for their modifiable flexibility and reconfigurability. We show an example of a rat tail produced with a quadrangular tube-shaped paper fold (fig. 6 a). Its tail end is enlarged to obtain dramatic effects while the body is printed using normal stereo 3D printing processes. The tail and the physical G-code are woven together to complete the printing in one job. This also ensures a secure connection between the tail and the body, while imparting flexibility and elasticity to the tail.
Figure 6b shows a bird with three pump paper-folded wings and solid bodies. In contrast to the tail of a mouse, the squeeze out on the wings was greater to maintain the shape after deformation.
In the following, the example of a toy bird shown in fig. 6b, with a transformable wing prototype, includes the following steps:
1. inputting a model: the user inputs a wing-shaped plane;
2. generating creases, namely performing grid blocking on the input model to ensure the folding capability of the model, wherein three-pump origami is adopted in order to meet the requirement that wings of birds can be freely stretched and bent;
3. paper folding simulation: optimizing and applying Kangaroo mechanical simulation plug-in, applying a plurality of forces on the paper surface according to the differentiated plane wings, and enabling the paper surface to be folded (displayed as blue) under the condition that the included angle between the paper surface and the ground is more than 59 degrees;
g-code generation (wings): after all folds are calculated, the virtual model is deconstructed into wing parts by using a Python compiled code under the grasshopper and a G-code is generated, wherein the code comprises methods such as bridge printing, Euler loop, Chinese Postman Problem and the like, so that the quality and flexibility of folded paper are ensured;
g-code generation (body): the generation of the G-code of the body is consistent with the normal 3D printing, and the final purpose is only a hard printing piece;
g-code weaving: for better connection of wings and body, they are integrated into one file and printed in one piece, which also demonstrates that the method herein can expand the design space of 3D printing as a flexible connection;
7. manufacturing: stack printing with a conventional 3D printer, as shown in FIG. 6b1
8. Manual deformation: simple wing-to-body pressing can complete bird prototypes with flexible wings (fig. 6b2, b3)
Claims (6)
1. The 3D printing method of the paper folding structure is characterized by comprising a software simulation generation part and an actual production part, wherein the software simulation generation part is used for generating a crease according to the paper folding plane input by a user finally according to the paper folding structure to be obtained, and performing dynamic mechanical folding simulation and evaluation on the crease to obtain a semi-folded 3D printing model without support; the actual production comprises printing the 3D printing model, wherein the crease part is printed in a 3D mode in a bridging printing mode.
2. The paper folding structure 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the software simulation generation part comprises:
inputting a model: a user inputs a plane model with any size as a basis;
and (3) crease generation: based on various typical paper folding shapes, carrying out grid partitioning on an input model to obtain creases, and ensuring the folding capability of the model;
dynamic folding simulation: simulating the stress condition of the whole model by using mechanical simulation software, and setting two groups of forces, wherein one group of forces is used for folding the whole model, and the other group of forces is used for flattening the model, and the two groups of forces ensure that the whole model can keep a stable state in a virtual three-dimensional space;
evaluation of printability: because the final product is printed perpendicular to the printing plane, the included angle between each block plane and the printing plane is monitored in real time, and the included angles between all the block planes of the model and the printing plane are at least larger than 58.6 degrees by adjusting the two groups of forces; a semi-folded, unsupported, 3D printable model is obtained.
3. The origami 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that when printing creases using bridge printing, for the gap portion in bridge printing, the print head is caused to sweep over the gap portion at a limit speed by controlling the G code.
4. The paper folding structure 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein physical properties of the paper folding structure can be regulated by adjusting extrusion amount and printing speed when printing the same paper folding structure.
5. The paper folding structure 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the paper folding structure is integrated with a solid model, the method is adopted to print the paper folding structure, the solid model is printed by adopting a conventional three-dimensional 3D printing process, G codes of two printing modes are woven together, and printing is completed in one operation.
6. The paper folding structure 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein manual squeezing adjustment is performed on the paper folding structure after the printing structure is obtained through 3D printing.
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2021
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Patent Citations (8)
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| US20140072713A1 (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2014-03-13 | John C. Hodges | Combined application of full color patterns to square paper napkins, that once folded, create napkins in 3D color images resembling the entity the napkin or origami fold is named for. |
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| CN106626353A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏文洪印刷机械有限公司 | Method for manufacturing die cutting indentation base plate |
| US20190366583A1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-05 | City University Of Hong Kong | Method for constructing a printed ceramic object and a ceramic object constructed by the same |
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