CN113878085A - Hollow plunger forging of high-pressure plunger pump and one-step forming process and die thereof - Google Patents

Hollow plunger forging of high-pressure plunger pump and one-step forming process and die thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113878085A
CN113878085A CN202111169227.5A CN202111169227A CN113878085A CN 113878085 A CN113878085 A CN 113878085A CN 202111169227 A CN202111169227 A CN 202111169227A CN 113878085 A CN113878085 A CN 113878085A
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China
Prior art keywords
extrusion
forging
die
forming process
blank
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CN202111169227.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113878085B (en
Inventor
庄晓伟
徐俊
庄明
孙伟
王玲
文杰
汤敏俊
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Jiangsu Longcheng Precision Forging Group Co ltd
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Jiangsu Longcheng Precision Forging Group Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K3/00Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02Dies or mountings therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B21J13/14Ejecting devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J3/00Lubricating during forging or pressing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • B21J5/025Closed die forging
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure plunger pump hollow plunger forgings, in particular to a high-pressure plunger pump hollow plunger forging which comprises an external shell and a middle bulge integrally connected with the external shell, wherein the external shell comprises an outer contour surface, an annular upper end surface, a lower end surface and a first inner contour surface, the middle bulge comprises a circular upper end surface and a second inner contour surface, the first inner contour surface, the second inner contour surface and the lower end surface jointly form an annular deep hole cavity, the ratio of the height value to the diameter value of the annular deep hole cavity is greater than 3, and the height value of the middle bulge is greater than that of the annular deep hole cavity; the invention also provides a process and a die for manufacturing the forging, the hollow plunger forging is easy to form by cold forging, the deep hole does not need to be cut, the raw materials are saved, and the product manufacturing efficiency is improved.

Description

Hollow plunger forging of high-pressure plunger pump and one-step forming process and die thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure plunger pump hollow plunger forgings, in particular to a high-pressure plunger pump hollow plunger forging and a one-step forming process and a die thereof.
Background
The existing plunger part for the high-pressure plunger pump has high mechanical property requirement and is provided with a closed cavity, the prior art is generally formed by welding two plunger structural members, one plunger structural member is provided with a deep and narrow annular deep cavity, and a bar material is adopted for deep hole cutting to obtain the plunger part. In order to further improve the production efficiency and reduce the material loss, the prior art considers that the forging or casting process is adopted to perform the local cutting processing on the prefabricated blank of the plunger structural member with the deep and narrow cavity, but the mechanical property of the part adopting the casting process cannot meet the requirement, and only the forging process can be considered. Further derived problems are that the existing forging process is generally divided into warm forging and cold forging, the material and energy consumption of the warm forging is large, an additional demoulding structure and an ejection structure are required to be arranged, and the cold forging is generally only suitable for cup-shaped hollow parts, and the requirement on the height-diameter ratio of an inner hole of a cup-shaped hollow part is not more than 3. The plunger structural member generally has no demoulding inclination, and the hollow part is generally an annular hole with a height-diameter ratio of more than 3, so that the annular deep-hole cavity plunger structural member is difficult to prepare by adopting a forging process, and is generally considered to be infeasible by a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems of raw material waste and low manufacturing efficiency in the existing forging process, the invention provides a hollow plunger forging of a high-pressure plunger pump, a one-step forming process and a die thereof, and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a high-pressure plunger pump cavity plunger forging, includes outside casing and the middle arch of external casing body coupling, outside casing includes outer profile surface, annular up end, lower terminal surface and first interior profile surface, the middle arch includes circular up end and second interior profile surface, profile surface in first interior profile surface, the second reaches the lower terminal surface constitutes annular deep hole die cavity jointly, the ratio of the height value and the diameter value of annular deep hole die cavity is greater than 3, the bellied height value in middle is greater than the height value of annular deep hole die cavity.
Specifically, the first inner contour surface, the second inner contour surface and the lower end surface are all die forming surfaces, and a positive extrusion taper angle is designed on the outer contour surface of the outer shell and ranges from 79 degrees to 81 degrees.
A forming process for manufacturing the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump comprises the following steps,
(1) blanking to obtain a blank P1 of the material,
(2) performing surface shot blasting treatment on the blank P1 by using a shot blasting machine to obtain a shot-blasted blank P2,
(3) performing surface lubrication treatment on the shot-blasted blank P2 to obtain a lubricated blank P3,
(4) and (5) cold extrusion, namely forming the blank P3 lubricated in the step (3) on cold extrusion equipment by using a cold extrusion die M to obtain a hollow plunger forging, wherein a lubricant is coated on the upper end surface of the blank P3 during forming.
Specifically, the blanking method in the step (1) is to saw the round bar by using a sawing machine.
Specifically, the diameter of the shot subjected to surface shot blasting in the step (2) is phi 0.6 mm-phi 1.2 mm.
Specifically, the surface lubrication treatment in the step (3) is to perform surface phosphorization and saponification treatment on the shot-blasted blank P2 so as to reduce the pressure during the subsequent cold extrusion forming.
Specifically, the lubricant coated on the upper end face of the preform P3 in the step (4) is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and lard.
The cold extrusion die M is a combined female die and comprises a material ejecting rod, an extrusion lower die core, an extrusion lower die middle layer stress ring, an extrusion lower die outer layer stress ring, an extrusion upper die core, an extrusion upper die sleeve and an extrusion upper die cushion block.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the upper extrusion die core and the lower extrusion die core cavity need to be coated with PVD coatings.
Further, the extrusion lower mould mold core is provided with the back taper position, the extrusion lower mould mold core still is provided with the die orifice direction position that is used for improving the product and takes shape the axiality, the outer disc and the well bore face of mould mold core all are provided with the working tape position that is used for reducing friction and shaping pressure on the extrusion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the hollow plunger forging piece is easy to form by cold forging, and a deep hole does not need to be cut, so that raw materials are saved, and the manufacturing efficiency of a product is improved; (2) compared with cutting machining, the mechanical property of the hollow plunger forging piece is higher and more stable, the compactness of a product is good, and casting defects such as air holes are avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hollow plunger of the high pressure plunger pump of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an annular deep-hole cavity plunger structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of the hollow plunger forging of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view of the construction of the preform of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the construction of a blank after shot blasting according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view of the blank of the present invention after lubrication;
fig. 7 is a structural view of a cold extrusion die of the present invention.
In the drawing, 1 an outer shell, 2 a middle bulge, 3 an extrusion upper die core, 4 an extrusion lower die outer layer stress ring, 5 an extrusion lower die middle layer stress ring, 6 an extrusion lower die core, 7 an extrusion lower die ejector rod, 8 an extrusion upper die cushion block, 9 an extrusion upper die sleeve, 11 an outer contour surface, 12 an annular upper end surface, 13 a lower end surface, 14 a first inner contour surface, 21 a round upper end surface and 22 a second inner contour surface.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump comprises an outer shell 1 and a middle protrusion 2 integrally connected with the outer shell 1, wherein the outer shell 1 comprises an outer contour surface, an annular upper end surface, a lower end surface and a first inner contour surface, the middle protrusion 2 comprises a circular upper end surface and a second inner contour surface, the first inner contour surface, the second inner contour surface and the lower end surface jointly form an annular deep-hole cavity, the ratio of the height value to the diameter value of the annular deep-hole cavity is greater than 3, the height value of the middle protrusion 2 is greater than the height value of the annular deep-hole cavity, the first inner contour surface, the second inner contour surface and the lower end surface are all formed surfaces of a mold, and the outer contour surface of the outer shell 1 is designed with a positive extrusion taper angle which is 79-81 degrees.
A forming process for manufacturing the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking to obtain a blank P1 of the material,
(2) performing surface shot blasting treatment on the blank P1 by using a shot blasting machine to obtain a shot-blasted blank P2,
(3) performing surface lubrication treatment on the shot-blasted blank P2 to obtain a lubricated blank P3,
(4) and (5) cold extrusion, namely forming the blank P3 lubricated in the step (3) on cold extrusion equipment by using a cold extrusion die M to obtain a hollow plunger forging, wherein a lubricant is coated on the upper end surface of the blank P3 during forming.
The blanking method in the step (1) is to saw and cut the round bar by a sawing machine.
The diameter of the steel shot subjected to surface shot blasting in the step (2) is phi 0.6 mm-phi 1.2 mm.
The surface lubrication treatment in the step (3) is to perform surface phosphorization and saponification treatment on the shot-blasted blank P2 so as to reduce the pressure during the subsequent cold extrusion forming.
And (4) coating the lubricant on the upper end face of the preform P3 in the step (4) and mixing the molybdenum disulfide and the lard oil.
The utility model provides a realize foretell mould of forming technology of high-pressure plunger pump cavity plunger forging, cold extrusion mould M is the combination die, including extrusion lower mould ejector pin 7, extrusion lower mould mold core 6, extrusion lower mould middle level stress circle 5, extrusion lower mould outer layer stress circle 4, mould core 3 in the extrusion, mould die sleeve 9 in the extrusion and mould cushion 8 in the extrusion, mould core 3 in the extrusion and 6 die cavity surfaces of extrusion lower mould mold core need coat the PVD coating, extrusion lower mould mold core 6 is provided with the back taper position, extrusion lower mould mold core 6 still is provided with the nib direction position that is used for improving the product and takes the axiality, the outer disc and the well bore face of mould core 3 in the extrusion all are provided with the work area position that is used for reducing friction and shaping pressure.
The plunger structure is obtained by cutting a plunger forging (shown in figure 2) which comprises an outer shell 1 and a middle protrusion 2 integrally connected with the outer shell, wherein the outer shell comprises an outer contour surface 11, an annular upper end surface 12, a lower end surface 13 and a first inner contour surface 14, the middle protrusion 2 integrally connected with the outer shell further comprises a circular upper end surface 21 and a second inner contour surface 22, the first inner contour surface 14, the second inner contour surface 22 and the lower end surface 13 form the annular deep-hole cavity together, the ratio of the height value to the diameter value of the annular deep-hole cavity is greater than 3, and the height value of the middle protrusion 2 is greater than that of the annular deep-hole cavity. The first inner contour surface 14, the second inner contour surface 22, and the lower end surface 13 are all die-formed surfaces and are not machined during the plunger manufacturing process. The outer contour surface of the outer shell 1 is designed with a positive extrusion taper angle of 79-81 deg.. A forming process for preparing the plunger forging comprises the following steps:
(1) a circular rod material is cut into blanks with certain lengths by a circular saw (as shown in figure 4), and the lengths of the blanks are converted according to the volume of the plunger forging by adopting an equal volume principle.
(2) And performing surface blasting treatment on the blank (shown in figure 4) by using a blasting machine to obtain a blasted blank (shown in figure 5), wherein the diameter of a steel shot subjected to surface blasting is phi 0.6 mm-phi 1.2mm, and the preferred phi 0.8 mm.
(3) And (3) performing phosphorization and saponification treatment on the whole surface of the blank after shot blasting, and additionally coating a lubricant consisting of a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and lard on the upper end surface of the blank to obtain the blank with a lubricated surface (as shown in figure 6).
(4) And placing the blank with the lubricated surface into a cold extrusion die on cold extrusion equipment for forming, wherein the cold extrusion die comprises an extrusion lower die ejector rod 7, an extrusion lower die core 6, an extrusion lower die middle layer stress ring 5, an extrusion lower die outer layer stress ring 4, an extrusion upper die core 3, an extrusion upper die sleeve 9 and an extrusion upper die cushion block 8. The surfaces of cavities of the upper extrusion die core 3 and the lower extrusion die core 6 need to be coated with PVD coatings. Extrusion lower mould mold core 6 is provided with the back taper position, prevents that the product from remaining in the extrusion and goes up the mould (the hydraulic press is gone up the mould and is not had ejecting), can also save the stripper simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment, the lower extrusion die core 6 is further provided with a die guide portion to improve the coaxiality of product formation. The outer circular surface and the middle hole surface of the upper die core 3 of the extrusion die are both provided with working band parts so as to reduce friction and forming pressure. During forming, the upper extrusion die contacts the blank in a downward mode, the lower extrusion die is combined to extrude the blank together to form the plunger forging, after extrusion is completed, the upper extrusion die is separated from the plunger forging in an upward mode, the lower extrusion die ejector rod 7 ejects the plunger forging, and the plunger forging is taken out manually or through a manipulator.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (12)

1. The utility model provides a high pressure plunger pump cavity plunger forging which characterized in that: the middle bulge is integrally connected with the outer shell, the outer shell comprises an outer contour surface, an annular upper end surface, a lower end surface and a first inner contour surface, the middle bulge comprises a circular upper end surface and a second inner contour surface, the first inner contour surface, the second inner contour surface and the lower end surface jointly form an annular deep hole cavity, the ratio of the height value to the diameter value of the annular deep hole cavity is greater than 3, and the height value of the middle bulge is greater than that of the annular deep hole cavity.
2. The high pressure plunger pump hollow plunger forging of claim 1, wherein: the first inner contour surface, the second inner contour surface and the lower end surface are all die forming surfaces.
3. The high-pressure plunger pump hollow plunger forging as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the outer contour surface of the outer shell is designed with a positive extrusion taper angle.
4. The high pressure plunger pump hollow plunger forging of claim 3, wherein: the positive extrusion taper angle is 79-81 degrees.
5. A forming process for manufacturing the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump as claimed in claim 4, wherein the forming process comprises the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) blanking to obtain a blank P1 of the material,
(2) performing surface shot blasting treatment on the blank P1 by using a shot blasting machine to obtain a shot-blasted blank P2,
(3) performing surface lubrication treatment on the shot-blasted blank P2 to obtain a lubricated blank P3,
(4) and (5) cold extrusion, namely forming the blank P3 lubricated in the step (3) on cold extrusion equipment by using a cold extrusion die M to obtain a hollow plunger forging, wherein a lubricant is coated on the upper end surface of the blank P3 during forming.
6. The forming process of the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump as claimed in claim 5, wherein the forming process comprises the following steps: the blanking method in the step (1) is to saw and cut the round bar by a sawing machine.
7. The forming process of the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump as claimed in claim 5, wherein the forming process comprises the following steps: the diameter of the steel shot subjected to surface shot blasting in the step (2) is phi 0.6 mm-phi 1.2 mm.
8. The forming process of the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump as claimed in claim 5, wherein the forming process comprises the following steps: the surface lubrication treatment in the step (3) is to perform surface phosphorization and saponification treatment on the shot-blasted blank P2 so as to reduce the pressure during the subsequent cold extrusion forming.
9. The forming process of the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump as claimed in claim 5, wherein the forming process comprises the following steps: and (4) coating a lubricant on the upper end face of the preform P3 in the step (4), wherein the lubricant is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and lard oil.
10. A die for realizing the forming process of the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump as claimed in claims 5 to 9, wherein: the cold extrusion die M is a combined female die and comprises an ejector rod, an extrusion lower die core, an extrusion lower die middle layer stress ring, an extrusion lower die outer layer stress ring, an extrusion upper die core, an extrusion upper die sleeve and an extrusion upper die cushion block.
11. The die for the hollow plunger forging of the high-pressure plunger pump as claimed in claim 10, wherein: the surfaces of the upper extrusion die core and the lower extrusion die core cavity are coated with PVD coatings.
12. The mold of claim 10, wherein the lower extrusion die core is provided with an inverted cone portion, the lower extrusion die core is further provided with a die orifice guide portion for improving the coaxiality of product forming, and the outer circular surface and the middle circular surface of the upper extrusion die core are both provided with working band portions for reducing friction and forming pressure.
CN202111169227.5A 2021-10-08 2021-10-08 Hollow plunger forging of high-pressure plunger pump and one-step forming process and die thereof Active CN113878085B (en)

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CN202111169227.5A CN113878085B (en) 2021-10-08 2021-10-08 Hollow plunger forging of high-pressure plunger pump and one-step forming process and die thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111169227.5A CN113878085B (en) 2021-10-08 2021-10-08 Hollow plunger forging of high-pressure plunger pump and one-step forming process and die thereof

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CN113878085B CN113878085B (en) 2024-04-26

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1076181A2 (en) * 1999-08-12 2001-02-14 Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh Hollow piston for a piston machine
US6662709B1 (en) * 1999-07-21 2003-12-16 Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh Hollow piston for a piston engine and method for producing a hollow piston
CN101234401A (en) * 2008-03-06 2008-08-06 中北大学 Magnesium alloy automobile wheel extrusion molding method and mold
CN102151780A (en) * 2011-03-02 2011-08-17 青岛益友锻压机械有限公司 Complex part precision forging die with back pressure structure
CN104162556A (en) * 2013-05-16 2014-11-26 Sms米尔股份有限公司 Method for operation of an indirect extrusion press and an indirect extrusion press
CN206810882U (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-12-29 洛阳秦汉精工股份有限公司 A kind of cold extrusion die of plug connector
CN109926801A (en) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-25 四川坤成润科技有限公司 A kind of processing method of hollow plunger
CN111745115A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-10-09 山东成通锻造有限公司 Forging die and method for forging sprocket body

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6662709B1 (en) * 1999-07-21 2003-12-16 Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh Hollow piston for a piston engine and method for producing a hollow piston
EP1076181A2 (en) * 1999-08-12 2001-02-14 Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh Hollow piston for a piston machine
CN101234401A (en) * 2008-03-06 2008-08-06 中北大学 Magnesium alloy automobile wheel extrusion molding method and mold
CN102151780A (en) * 2011-03-02 2011-08-17 青岛益友锻压机械有限公司 Complex part precision forging die with back pressure structure
CN104162556A (en) * 2013-05-16 2014-11-26 Sms米尔股份有限公司 Method for operation of an indirect extrusion press and an indirect extrusion press
CN206810882U (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-12-29 洛阳秦汉精工股份有限公司 A kind of cold extrusion die of plug connector
CN109926801A (en) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-25 四川坤成润科技有限公司 A kind of processing method of hollow plunger
CN111745115A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-10-09 山东成通锻造有限公司 Forging die and method for forging sprocket body

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