CN113877923B

CN113877923B - Underground construction dust device

Info

Publication number: CN113877923B
Application number: CN202111236342.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐豪; 王李霞; 王赵斌; 郑怀彬; 蔡敏慧; 陈慧慧; 戴善平; 董永舟; 潘宏伟
Original assignee: Darch Construction Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Darch Construction Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-22
Filing date: 2021-10-22
Publication date: 2022-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-22
Also published as: CN113877923A

Abstract

The application relates to an underground building construction dust device belongs to construction's field. The device comprises a top plate and a plurality of supporting columns, wherein the top plate is used for abutting against the top surface of a basement prototype, the supporting columns are used for supporting the top plate, the supporting columns are connected with the top plate, an accommodating groove for accommodating dust is formed in the top plate, and the supporting columns are provided with dust collection components; the dust collection assembly comprises a suction fan connected with the support column, a dust collection pipe connected with an air outlet pipe of the suction fan and a collection box movably connected with the support column, wherein one end of the dust collection pipe, far away from the suction fan, is connected with the collection box; the dust inlet is formed in the collecting box, the inserting groove for the collecting box to insert is formed in the supporting column, the supporting column is provided with a dust inlet channel, and two ends of the dust inlet channel are communicated with the inserting groove and the containing groove respectively. This application has the effect of the dust in the basement rudiment that reduces.

Description

Underground construction dust device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of building construction, especially, relate to an underground construction dust device.

Background

At present, most buildings are not provided with basements, but some people can excavate basements by themselves in order to enlarge the housing area.

In the related art, the basement excavation includes the following steps: firstly, selecting an excavation area, excavating downwards from the excavation area, excavating to the depth of 1m, excavating around to form a basement prototype with the depth of 1m and the preset length and width, and then excavating downwards on the basis of the basement prototype, for example, excavating downwards by 1m to form a basement with the depth of 2 m.

According to the related technology, when the basement prototype is dug downwards, more dust is raised during digging, and the basement prototype is not smooth in ventilation, so that people working in the basement prototype can breathe more dust, and the negative influence is caused on the body of workers.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to reduce the dust in the basement rudiment, this application provides an underground construction dust device.

The application provides an underground construction dust device adopts following technical scheme:

the underground building construction dust suppression device comprises a top plate and a plurality of supporting columns, wherein the top plate is used for being abutted to the top surface of a basement prototype, the supporting columns are used for supporting the top plate, the supporting columns are connected with the top plate, accommodating grooves used for accommodating dust are formed in the top plate, and dust absorption components are arranged on the supporting columns; the dust collection assembly comprises a suction fan connected with the support column, a dust collection pipe connected with an air outlet pipe of the suction fan and a collection box movably connected with the support column, wherein one end of the dust collection pipe, far away from the suction fan, is connected with the collection box; the dust inlet is formed in the collecting box, the inserting groove for the collecting box to insert is formed in the supporting column, the supporting column is provided with a dust inlet channel, and two ends of the dust inlet channel are communicated with the inserting groove and the accommodating groove respectively.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the basement prototype is dug out, the dust-settling device is placed in the basement prototype, the top plate is abutted with the top surface of the basement prototype, and the support column is supported on the bottom surface of the basement prototype; during operation, the suction fan is opened, dust in the basement prototype is sucked into the collecting box through the dust suction pipe through the suction fan, and therefore the dust in the basement prototype is reduced, and workers are enabled not to easily suck more dust. In addition, when the staff continues to excavate through the instrument at basement rudiment, probably make the ground produce the vibration, the dust or the earth of basement rudiment top surface fall easily, the dust or the earth that fall may fall on one's body at the staff, thereby produce the influence to staff's normal work, top surface looks butt through roof and basement rudiment, make the dust of basement rudiment top surface block or fall into in the holding tank of roof by the roof, the dust that falls into in the holding tank gets into in the collecting box through advancing the dirt passageway, collect through the collecting box, so, be difficult to influence staff's normal work when making the dust of basement rudiment top surface or earth drop.

Optionally, the roof has the grafting piece, the grafting piece has the confession the play dirt mouth that the dust of holding tank flows out, the grafting piece inserts in advancing the dirt passageway.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the top plate is connected with the supporting column, the inserting block is inserted into the dust inlet channel of the supporting column, so that the top plate is stably connected with the supporting column. In addition, after the insertion block is inserted into the dust inlet channel, dust in the accommodating groove can flow out of the dust outlet and enter the dust inlet channel, so that the dust in the accommodating groove enters the dust inlet channel.

Optionally, the support column is rotatably connected with a guide rail, one end of the guide rail is provided with a connecting piece connected with the other end of the guide rail, and the suction fan is connected to the guide rail in a sliding manner; the collecting box is provided with a connecting pipe, and the dust collecting pipe is connected with the connecting pipe through threads.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the top plate is supported by the support columns, the guide rails are rotated to enable the guide rails to tend to be horizontal, the guide rails of two adjacent support columns are connected with each other through the connecting piece, and the two adjacent support columns are connected through the guide rails, so that the support columns are more stable on the bottom surface of the basement prototype, and the dust settling device is more stable; in addition, the suction fan is connected on the guide rail in a sliding way, so that the suction fan can slide to any position on the guide rail, the position of the suction fan can be changed, and the dust absorption range of the suction fan is improved; the dust absorption pipe is connected with the connecting pipe through threads, so that the dust absorption pipe is detachably connected with the connecting pipe, and when the suction fan moves on the guide rail, the dust absorption pipe can be connected with the collecting box which is closer to the suction fan, so that the length of the dust absorption pipe is reduced.

Optionally, the connecting piece is a connecting block rotatably connected with one end of the guide rail, an embedded groove is formed in the connecting block, and an embedded block embedded into the embedded groove is hinged to the end portion, far away from the connecting block, of the guide rail.

By adopting the technical scheme, when two adjacent guide rails are connected, the embedded block of one guide rail is embedded into the embedded groove of the connecting block, and the two guide rails are connected by connecting the embedded block with the connecting block; in addition, the embedded block is hinged with the end part of the guide rail, when the two guide rails are connected, the embedded block is bent firstly until the two guide rails tend to be horizontal, then the embedded block is straightened, the embedded block is embedded into the embedded groove of the connecting block, and the two guide rails are connected smoothly through the bending of the embedded block.

Optionally, a positioning rod is arranged on the outer side wall of the supporting column, and the positioning rod is rotatably arranged on the guide rail in a penetrating manner; the confession has been seted up to the support column the groove of accomodating of guide rail embedding, the locating lever cover is equipped with the extension spring, the one end of extension spring with accomodate the groove tank bottom and be connected, the other end and guide rail fixed connection, the locating lever slides and wears to locate on the guide rail.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the locating lever slides and rotates and wears to locate the guide rail on, makes the guide rail rotate on the locating lever, and the guide rail can slide along the length direction of locating lever, when the guide rail need not use, accomodates the inslot with the guide rail embedding, accomodates the guide rail through accomodating the groove, reduces the occupation space of guide rail.

Optionally, the groove wall of the accommodating groove is provided with an inclined surface abutting against the embedded block, and the depth of the accommodating groove is smaller than the length of the embedded block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the guide rail is located accomodate the inslot, inlay dress piece and inclined plane looks butt to the degree of depth of accomodating the groove is less than the length of inlaying the dress piece, when the guide rail was taken out from accomodating the inslot, the upset inlays the dress piece, makes and inlays the perpendicular groove bottom of accomodating of dress piece, inlays dress piece salient this moment and accomodates the groove, and the staff grasps the dress piece again, takes out the guide rail from accomodating the inslot through inlaying the dress piece.

Optionally, the suction fan is provided with a sliding seat, the sliding seat is provided with a sliding groove for the guide rail to be embedded and slide, the end part of the positioning rod far away from the support column is provided with a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is provided with a fixing block penetrating through the sliding groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, the guide rail is not easy to slide out of the positioning rod under the action of the fixing plate; the suction fan slides on the guide rail through the sliding seat, and when the suction fan is not connected with the guide rail, the suction fan is placed on the fixed plate, and penetrates through the sliding groove of the sliding seat through the fixed block on the fixed plate, so that the suction fan is connected with the fixed plate.

Optionally, the fixed plate includes the connecting plate of being connected with the locating lever and rotates the rotor plate of being connected with the connecting plate, the rotor plate is located the side of locating lever is kept away from to the connecting plate, just the fixed block set up in on the rotor plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the suction fan is connected with the fixed plate, the fixed block wears to locate the groove that slides of suction fan, and the fixed block sets up on the rotor plate for the suction fan is connected with the rotor plate, and the rotor plate rotates with the connecting plate again and is connected, through rotatory rotor plate, makes the suction fan on the connecting plate, thereby makes the air intake of suction fan can change, improves the dust absorption scope of suction fan.

Optionally, the rotor plate is provided with the mounting, the mounting includes base, two compression springs and two clamp splices of being connected with the rotor plate, the confession is seted up to the base the mounting groove of the play tuber pipe embedding of suction fan, the clamp splice with the base slides and is connected, and the clamp splice in slide in the mounting groove, and two the clamp splice forms the centre gripping chamber of the play tuber pipe of centre gripping suction fan, two compression springs and two the clamp splice one-to-one, just compression springs's one end and clamp splice fixed connection, the cell wall fixed connection of the other end and mounting groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the suction fan is connected with the fixed plate, the fixed block penetrates through the sliding groove of the suction fan, then the air inlet pipe of the suction fan is clamped between the two clamping blocks, and the clamping blocks have the trend of being close to the other clamping block all the time under the action of the compression spring, so that the two clamping blocks clamp the air inlet pipe of the suction fan, and the suction fan is more firmly connected with the fixed plate.

Optionally, an elastic cushion block is arranged on the side surface of the clamping block close to the other clamping block, and a guide surface is arranged on the side surface of the elastic cushion block far away from the clamping block.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the fixing piece clamps the air inlet pipe of the suction fan, the elastic cushion block is abutted against the air inlet pipe close to the west wind, and the air inlet pipe of the suction fan is not easy to wear because of the elasticity of the elastic cushion block; the guide surface makes the air inlet pipe of the suction fan clamped between the two elastic cushion blocks easier.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the dust in the basement prototype is sucked into the collecting box through the dust suction pipe by the suction fan, so that the dust in the basement prototype is reduced, and workers are not easy to suck more dust;

2. the guide rails of two adjacent support columns are connected with each other through the connecting piece, and the two adjacent support columns are connected through the guide rails, so that the support columns are more stable on the bottom surface of the basement prototype, and the dust settling device is more stable;

3. the rotating plate is rotated to enable the suction fan to be arranged on the connecting plate, so that the air inlet of the suction fan can be changed, and the dust collection range of the suction fan is enlarged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a dust settling device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the top plate and support posts of the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a top plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a support column according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a dust suction assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 6 is a side view of a support post of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide rail on a support column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a state in which two adjacent guide rails are connected according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of both ends of a guide rail according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the guide rail in the receiving groove according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a fixing plate on a supporting post according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a rotating plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a top plate; 11. accommodating grooves; 12. an insertion block; 121. a dust outlet; 2. a support pillar; 21. a dust inlet channel; 22. a locking plate; 23. inserting grooves; 24. positioning a rod; 25. a receiving groove; 251. an inclined surface; 26. a tension spring; 3. a dust collection assembly; 31. a suction fan; 311. a sliding seat; 312. a sliding groove; 313. an air inlet pipe; 314. an air outlet pipe; 32. a dust collection pipe; 33. a collection box; 331. a connecting pipe; 332. a dust inlet; 4. a guide rail; 41. a connecting end; 42. a clamping end; 421. embedding a block; 43. a connecting member; 431. embedding a groove; 44. a dovetail block; 5. a fixing plate; 51. a connecting plate; 52. a rotating plate; 53. a rotating shaft; 54. a fixed block; 55. a fixing member; 551. a base; 552. a compression spring; 553. a clamping block; 554. mounting grooves; 555. a clamping cavity; 556. an elastic cushion block; 557. a guide surface.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-14.

The embodiment of the application discloses underground construction dust device, dust device are applied to the basement and excavate, and the excavation of basement includes following step: firstly, selecting an excavation area, excavating downwards from the excavation area, excavating to the depth of 1m, excavating around to form a basement prototype with the depth of 1m and the preset length and width, and then excavating downwards on the basis of the basement prototype, for example, excavating downwards by 1m to form a basement with the depth of 2 m.

Referring to fig. 1, dust device includes roof 1 and a plurality of support column 2, and a plurality of support columns 2 all are connected with roof 1, support roof 1 through a plurality of support columns 2. Use dust device when digging out basement rudiment, roof 1 and basement rudiment's top surface looks butt this moment, support column 2 and basement rudiment's bottom surface looks butt.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, a plurality of banding holding tanks 11 have been seted up to the side that support column 2 was kept away from to roof 1, intercommunication each other between a plurality of holding tanks 11, when roof 1 and the top surface looks butt of basement prototype, the dust of basement prototype top surface falls on roof 1 or falls into in holding tank 11.

The top plate 1 is integrally provided with an inserting block 12, a dust inlet channel 21 is formed in the supporting column 2, and the dust inlet channel 21 is communicated with the top surface of the top plate 1. When the top plate 1 is connected with the supporting column 2, the inserting block 12 is inserted into the dust inlet channel 21.

For the firmness of being connected between improvement roof 1 and support column 2, support column 2 is through welding fixedly connected with locking plate 22, and locking plate 22 wears to be equipped with the screw of being connected with roof 1, is connected roof 1 and support column 2 through locking plate 22, makes roof 1 and support column 2 be connected more firmly.

The insertion block 12 has a dust outlet 121, the dust outlet 121 is communicated with the accommodating groove 11, and when the insertion block 12 is inserted into the dust inlet channel 21, the dust outlet 121 is communicated with the dust inlet channel 21, so that dust in the accommodating groove 11 enters the dust inlet channel 21 through the dust outlet 121.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to improve the dust suction capacity of the dust falling device, the supporting column 2 is provided with a dust suction assembly 3, and dust in the basement prototype is sucked by the dust suction assembly 3. The dust suction assembly 3 comprises a suction fan 31, a dust suction pipe 32 and a collection box 33, wherein the suction fan 31 is movably connected to the support column 2, one end of the dust suction pipe 32 is connected with an air outlet pipe 314 of the suction fan 31, and the other end of the dust suction pipe 32 is connected with the collection box 33, so that dust sucked by the suction fan 31 enters the collection box 33 through the dust suction pipe 32 and is collected through the collection box 33.

Further, the collecting box 33 is connected with a connecting pipe 331 through a screw, the circumferential side wall of the connecting pipe 331 is provided with an external thread, and one end of the dust suction pipe 32 far away from the suction fan 31 is provided with an internal thread, so that the suction pipe and the connecting pipe 331 are detachably connected through a thread.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in order to reduce the occupied space of the collection box 33, the support column 2 is provided with an insertion groove 23, and when the dust collection assembly 3 is used, the collection box 33 enters and exits the insertion groove 23. In addition, the top of the collecting box 33 has an open dust inlet 332, the dust inlet 332 communicates with the cavity inside the collecting box 33, the insertion groove 23 communicates with the dust inlet channel 21, and when the collecting box 33 is inserted into the insertion groove 23, the dust inlet channel 21 corresponds to the dust inlet 332, so that the dust in the dust inlet channel 21 enters the collecting box 33 through the dust inlet 332.

Referring to fig. 5 and 8, the support column 2 is provided with the guide rail 4, the guide rail 4 is provided with the dovetail block 44, the suction fan 31 is fixedly connected with a sliding seat 311 by welding, the sliding seat 311 is provided with a sliding groove 312 for the dovetail block 44 to slide and penetrate, and the sliding seat 311 slides on the guide rail 4, so that the suction fan 31 is connected with the support column 2 in a sliding manner.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a cylindrical positioning rod 24 is fixedly connected to an outer side wall of the supporting column 2, and the positioning rod 24 is rotatably inserted into the guide rail 4, so that the guide rail 4 can rotate on the supporting column 2 along the positioning rod 24 as an axis. The two ends of the guide rail 4 are defined as a connecting end 41 and a clamping end 42, and the connecting end 41 is provided with a connecting piece 43 connected with the clamping end 42.

Because guide rail 4 can rotate on support column 2, when guide rail 4 rotated to the level, the link 41 of one of them guide rail 4 was corresponding with the joint end 42 of another guide rail 4, and two adjacent guide rails 4 pass through connecting piece 43 and connect, connect through two adjacent guide rails 4 and make support column 2 more stable on the bottom surface of basement rudiment, suction fan 31 can slide on guide rail 4 simultaneously, change suction fan 31's position to improve suction fan 31's the scope of induced drafting.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the connecting member 43 is a connecting block, the connecting block is hinged to the connecting end 41 of the guide rail 4, the connecting block is provided with an embedded groove 431, and the end surface of the clamping end 42 is hinged to an embedded block 421. When the connection end 41 is connected to the engagement end 42, the insertion block 421 is inserted into the insertion groove 431. In addition, the length of the embedding groove 431 is greater than that of the embedding block 421, so that part of the clamping end 42 is also embedded into the embedding groove 431, and the connection between the connecting end 41 and the clamping end 42 is more stable.

Referring to fig. 11, a support column 2 is provided with a storage groove 25 for placing the guide rail 4, the storage groove 25 is vertically arranged, a tension spring 26 is sleeved on a positioning rod 24, one end of the tension spring 26 is rotatably connected with the bottom of the storage groove 25 through a bearing, the other end of the tension spring 26 is fixedly connected with the guide rail 4, and the guide rail 4 always tends to move towards the storage groove 25 under the action of the tension spring 26; the positioning rod 24 is slidably disposed on the guide rail 4, so that the guide rail 4 can move in the longitudinal direction of the positioning rod 24. Wherein, the bearing is embedded in the tank bottom of the accommodating groove 25, the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the tank bottom of the accommodating groove 25, and the tension spring 26 is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing, so that the tension spring 26 can rotate on the positioning rod 24.

Moreover, the groove wall of the accommodating groove 25 is provided with an inclined surface 251, and when the guide rail 4 is positioned in the accommodating groove 25, the embedded block 421 of the guide rail 4 is abutted against the inclined surface 251; the depth of the receiving groove 25 is smaller than the length of the embedded block 421, and when the embedded block 421 is disposed perpendicular to the bottom of the receiving groove 25, the end of the embedded block 421 protrudes out of the receiving groove 25.

When the guide rail 4 is placed in the storage groove 25, the embedded block 421 abuts against the inclined surface 251, and when the guide rail 4 needs to be taken out from the storage groove 25, the embedded block 421 is rotated to make the embedded block 421 perpendicular to the bottom of the storage groove 25, and then the worker grasps the end of the embedded block 421 protruding out of the storage groove 25 and pulls the embedded block 421, so that the guide rail 4 is taken out from the storage groove 25.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the fixing plate 5 is disposed at the end of the positioning rod 24 away from the supporting column 2, and the fixing plate 5 prevents the guide rail 4 from sliding out of the positioning rod 24.

The fixed plate 5 comprises a connecting plate 51 and a rotating plate 52, the connecting plate 51 is fixedly connected with the end part of the positioning rod 24 far away from the support column 2 through welding, and the rotating plate 52 is rotatably connected with the connecting plate 51 through a rotating shaft 53; one end of the rotating shaft 53 is rotatably inserted into the middle of the connecting plate 51, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 52, so that the rotating plate 52 rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft 53 as a central axis.

Referring to fig. 13 and 14, a fixing block 54 is fixedly connected to a side surface of the rotating plate 52 away from the connecting plate 51, and the fixing block 54 can be slidably inserted into the sliding groove 312. When the suction fan 31 is connected to the rotating plate 52, the sliding seat 311 is sleeved on the fixing block 54, so that the fixing block 54 is inserted into the sliding groove 312.

In order to improve the firmness of the connection between the suction fan 31 and the rotating plate 52, the fixing plate 5 is provided with a fixing part 55, the fixing part 55 comprises a base 551, two compression springs 552 and two clamping blocks 553, the base 551 is fixedly connected with the rotating plate 52, the side surface of the base 551, which is far away from the rotating plate 52, is provided with a mounting groove 554, and the mounting groove 554 is communicated with one group of opposite side surfaces of the base 551, so that the mounting groove 554 is a through groove; two compression springs 552 and two clamp blocks 553 are all located the mounting groove 554, wherein, two compression springs 552 respectively with a set of opposite side fixed connection of mounting groove 554, two clamp blocks 553 and two compression springs 552 one-to-one, and clamp block 553 and compression spring 552 keep away from the one end fixed connection of mounting groove 554 cell wall for two clamp blocks 553 are close to each other, form the centre gripping chamber 555 that supplies the exhaust pipe 314 embedding of suction fan 31 between two clamp blocks 553.

The side of the clamping block 553 close to the other clamping block 553 is connected with an elastic cushion block 556 through glue, in this embodiment, the elastic cushion block 556 is made of rubber, and the side of the elastic cushion block 556 far away from the clamping block 553 is provided with a guide surface 557.

When the suction fan 31 is accommodated, the suction fan 31 is connected with the rotating plate 52, the sliding seat 311 is firstly sleeved on the fixed block 54, then the air inlet pipe 313 of the suction fan 31 is embedded into the clamping cavity 555, so that the air inlet pipe 313 of the suction fan 31 is abutted against the elastic cushion block 556, and the suction fan 31 is clamped by the clamping block 553.

The implementation principle of this application embodiment an underground construction dust device does: when the dust settling device is used, the guide rails 4 are horizontally arranged, the two adjacent guide rails 4 are connected with each other, then the suction fan 31 is started, and the suction fan 31 is connected with the guide rails 4 in a sliding manner, so that the suction fan 31 slides on the guide rails 4; when the dust fall device is stored, the guide rail 4 is stored in the storage groove 25, and the suction fan 31 is connected to the rotating plate 52.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an underground construction dust device which characterized in that: the device comprises a top plate (1) used for being abutted against the top surface of a basement prototype and a plurality of supporting columns (2) used for supporting the top plate (1), wherein the supporting columns (2) are connected with the top plate (1), an accommodating groove (11) used for accommodating dust is formed in the top plate (1), and the supporting columns (2) are provided with dust collection components (3);

the dust collection assembly (3) comprises a suction fan (31) connected with the support column (2), a dust collection pipe (32) connected with an air outlet pipe (314) of the suction fan (31), and a collection box (33) movably connected with the support column (2), wherein one end, far away from the suction fan (31), of the dust collection pipe (32) is connected with the collection box (33);

the dust inlet (332) is formed in the collecting box (33), the inserting groove (23) for the collecting box (33) to be inserted into is formed in the supporting column (2), the dust inlet channel (21) is formed in the supporting column (2), and two ends of the dust inlet channel (21) are respectively communicated with the inserting groove (23) and the accommodating groove (11);

the supporting column (2) is rotatably connected with a guide rail (4), one end of the guide rail (4) is provided with a connecting piece (43) connected with the other end of the guide rail (4), and the suction fan (31) is connected to the guide rail (4) in a sliding manner; the collecting box (33) is provided with a connecting pipe (331), and the dust suction pipe (32) is connected with the connecting pipe (331) through threads;

the connecting piece (43) is a connecting block rotatably connected with one end of the guide rail (4), the connecting block is provided with an embedded groove (431), and the end part of the guide rail (4) far away from the connecting block is hinged with an embedded block (421) embedded into the embedded groove (431);

a positioning rod (24) is arranged on the outer side wall of the supporting column (2), and the positioning rod (24) is rotatably arranged on the guide rail (4) in a penetrating way; the supporting column (2) is provided with an accommodating groove (25) for the guide rail (4) to be embedded in, a tension spring (26) is sleeved on the positioning rod (24), one end of the tension spring (26) is connected with the bottom of the accommodating groove (25), the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the guide rail (4), and the positioning rod (24) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (4);

the suction fan (31) is provided with a sliding seat (311), the sliding seat (311) is provided with a sliding groove (312) for the guide rail (4) to be embedded and slide, the end part of the positioning rod (24) far away from the supporting column (2) is provided with a fixing plate (5), and the fixing plate (5) is provided with a fixing block (54) penetrating through the sliding groove (312);

the fixing plate (5) comprises a connecting plate (51) connected with the positioning rod (24) and a rotating plate (52) rotatably connected with the connecting plate (51), the rotating plate (52) is located on the side face, far away from the positioning rod (24), of the connecting plate (51), and the fixing block (54) is arranged on the rotating plate (52).

2. The underground construction dust device of claim 1, characterized in that: roof (1) has plug block (12), plug block (12) have the confession the play dirt mouth (121) that the dust of holding tank (11) flowed out, plug block (12) insert in advance dirt passageway (21).

3. The underground construction dust device of claim 1, characterized in that: the groove wall of the accommodating groove (25) is provided with an inclined surface (251) which is abutted against the embedded block (421), and the depth of the accommodating groove (25) is smaller than the length of the embedded block (421).

4. The underground construction dust device of claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a suction fan, including base (551), two compression springs (552) and two clamp splice (553), it is provided with mounting (55) to rotate board (52), mounting (55) including base (551) be connected with rotate board (52), two compression springs (552) and two clamp splice (553), mounting groove (554) that supply air-out pipe (314) embedding of suction fan (31) are seted up to base (551), clamp splice (553) with base (551) slide and be connected, and clamp splice (553) slide in mounting groove (554), and two clamp splice (553) form centre gripping chamber (555) of air-out pipe (314) of centre gripping suction fan (31), two compression springs (552) and two clamp splice (553) one-to-one, and compression springs (552)'s one end and clamp splice (553) fixed connection, the cell wall fixed connection of the other end and mounting groove (554).

5. The underground construction dust device of claim 4, characterized in that: the side face, close to the other clamping block (553), of each clamping block (553) is provided with an elastic cushion block (556), and the side face, far away from the clamping blocks (553), of each elastic cushion block (556) is provided with a guide surface (557).