CN113872255B - Active power dynamic compensation method for wind turbine generator - Google Patents
Active power dynamic compensation method for wind turbine generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113872255B CN113872255B CN202111280801.4A CN202111280801A CN113872255B CN 113872255 B CN113872255 B CN 113872255B CN 202111280801 A CN202111280801 A CN 202111280801A CN 113872255 B CN113872255 B CN 113872255B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
A dynamic compensation method for active power of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps: 1) Real-time active power P output by wind turbine generator set is measured through power grid measurement module out Calculating the 10s average value P of real-time active power out_ Avg10s; 2) Calculating the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power; 3) Calculating an integral adjustment amount of the active power compensation factor; 4) Judging the full-sending working condition; 5) Selecting an active power compensation factor; 6) Taking the product of rated power and active power compensation factor as reference power. The dynamic compensation device can dynamically compensate the active power output by the wind turbine generator, so that the wind turbine generator can stably output according to rated power, and the stability and safety of a power grid are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation control, in particular to a dynamic compensation method for active power of a wind turbine generator.
Background
When the wind turbine generator runs, besides outputting electric energy to the outside, auxiliary equipment such as a yaw motor, a pitch motor, an oil pump motor, a cooling fan and the like in the wind turbine generator can consume the electric energy, and the consumed electric energy is called the self-power consumption of the wind turbine generator. Under different wind conditions and temperatures, the self-consumption of the wind turbine generator can be changed due to different running states of power consumption equipment of the wind turbine generator.
And the wind turbine generator controls the output of active power through the converter according to the command of the torque regulator. Below the rated wind speed, namely the lowest wind speed of the rated power output by the wind turbine generator, the torque regulator controls the rotating speed of the generator according to the optimal torque curve, so that the wind turbine generator can absorb wind energy to the maximum extent, and the active power output by the generator is controlled; above rated wind speed, the maximum power output by the generator can be controlled by controlling the torque upper limit of the torque regulator, the maximum power output by the generator can be used as reference power, the reference power is generally equal to or greater than rated power, the torque regulator controls the generator to output active power according to the reference power, the active power output by the generator is generally basically equal to the reference power, and the wind turbine generator enters full-power working condition at the moment.
The active power output by the wind turbine generator to the power grid is the residual power obtained by subtracting the self-consumption power of the wind turbine generator from the active power output by the generator, so that the active power output by the wind turbine generator can change along with the change of the active power output by the generator or the self-consumption power of the wind turbine generator.
When the rated wind speed is lower than the rated wind speed, the active power output by the generator is constantly changed under the influence of the change of the wind speed, and the output power is lower than the rated power, at the moment, the influence of the change of the self-consumption electric power of the wind turbine generator on the active power output by the wind turbine generator can be ignored; and when the rated wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed, the active power output by the generator is basically equal to the reference power, and the influence of the change of the self-consumption electric power of the wind turbine on the active power output by the wind turbine to the power grid is larger. In recent years, as the single-machine capacity of the wind turbine is continuously increased, the power of each auxiliary device is also increased, the self-consumption electric power of the wind turbine and the variation range of the self-consumption electric power are also increased, and the variation of the increased self-consumption electric power can cause the fluctuation of the active power output by the wind turbine, so that the wind turbine cannot stably output according to the rated power, as shown in fig. 4, and the whole wind farm cannot stably output according to the designed capacity is further affected. Therefore, if the control is not performed, under the full-power working condition, the fluctuation amplitude of the active power output by the wind turbine generator set due to the self-power consumption change is larger and larger, and the stability and the safety of the power grid are seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a dynamic compensation method for active power of a wind turbine, which can realize dynamic compensation of the active power output by the wind turbine, so that the wind turbine can be stably output according to rated power, and the stability and safety of a power grid are ensured.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a dynamic compensation method for active power of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:
1) Calculating active power: real-time active power P output by wind turbine generator set is measured through power grid measurement module out Will P out Filtering to obtain the average value P of 10s of real-time active power out _Avg10s；
2) Calculating the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power:
P error ＝P N -P out _Avg10s
wherein P is error The deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power is obtained; p (P) N Rated power of the wind turbine generator;
3) Calculating an integral adjustment amount of the active power compensation factor: the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power is accumulated and calculated through a discrete integrator to obtain the integral adjustment quantity eta of the active power compensation factor I ；
η I (n)＝η I (n-1)+K i *T s *P error (n)
Wherein eta is I(n) An integral regulating variable output value at the current moment of the active power compensation factor;
η I(n-1) the output value at the moment of the active power compensation factor n-1;
P error(n) the deviation value of the active power output by the wind turbine generator set and the current moment of rated power is obtained;
T s an adjustment period for the discrete integrator;
K i the integral gain is obtained through experimental experience according to the allowable power excess and the allowable power change speed of the wind turbine generator;
4) Judging the full-sending working condition: when the rotating speed of the generator reaches the rated rotating speed and the output torque of the torque regulator reaches the reference torque converted by the reference power, the wind turbine generator is in a full-power working condition, otherwise, the wind turbine generator does not enter the full-power working condition;
5)active power compensation factors are selected: when the wind turbine generator does not enter the full-power working condition, an initial active power compensation factor is selected, and after the wind turbine generator enters the full-power working condition, the integral adjustment quantity eta of the active power compensation factor is selected I As an active power compensation factor;
wherein eta is int Setting 1 for the initial active power compensation factor; η (eta) tmp An intermediate calculated value for the active power compensation factor;
6) Adjusting reference power: taking the product of the rated power and the intermediate calculated value of the active power compensation factor in the step 5) as reference power, and inputting the calculated reference power into the torque regulator.
Further, the slope limitation, the upper limit value and the lower limit value are limited to the active power compensation factor selected in the step 5) according to the following formula:
η＝LIMIT(η min ，LIMIT(η-K Rate *T s ，η tmp ，η+K Rate *T s )，η max )
wherein, eta is an active power compensation factor limited by the slope, the upper limit value and the lower limit value;
K Rate the change speed of the active power compensation factor is obtained through experimental experience according to the maximum power change speed allowed by the wind turbine generator;
η min setting the minimum value of the active power compensation factor to be 1;
η max and obtaining the maximum value of the active power compensation factor through experimental experience according to the maximum power of the self-consumption of the wind turbine.
Further, the maximum value eta of the active power compensation factor max 1.2 to 1.3.
Further, the change speed K of the active power compensation factor Rate 5 to 10 percent of P N /S。
Further, when the full-power working condition is judged in the step 4), the active power output by the wind turbine generator is increased as a judging condition, and the specific judging logic is as follows,
wherein N is G The real-time rotating speed of the generator is set;
N r the rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator is set;
P r the reference power of the wind turbine generator is the reference power of the wind turbine generator;
T r reference torque converted to reference power;
T PID is the output torque of the torque regulator.
Further, the integral gain K in step 3) i 0.15 to 0.25 percent of P N /s。
The technical scheme is adopted: according to the method, after the wind turbine enters the full-power working condition, the real-time active power output by the wind turbine is utilized, a discrete integrator is adopted to accumulate the difference value between the active power output by the wind turbine and the rated power, and a compensation factor of the active power is calculated.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the active power output by the wind turbine generator system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the operation of the present invention in a wind farm experiment;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the change of the output active power of the conventional wind turbine generator system along with the change of the self-consumed electric power.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a method for dynamically compensating active power of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:
1) Calculating active power: real-time active power P output by wind turbine generator set is measured through power grid measurement module out Using a linear filter with a time constant of 10s to obtain P out Filtering to obtain the average value P of 10s of real-time active power out_ The Avg10s, the output active power after filtering treatment is stable, and the calculation accuracy of the compensation factors is facilitated.
2) Calculating the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power:
P error ＝P N -P out _Avg10s
wherein P is error The deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power is obtained; p (P) N Is the rated power of the wind turbine generator.
3) Calculating an integral adjustment amount of the active power compensation factor: the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power is accumulated and calculated through a discrete integrator to obtain the integral adjustment quantity eta of the active power compensation factor I ；
η I (n)＝η I (n-1)+K i *T s *P error (n)
Wherein eta is I(n) An integral regulating variable output value at the current moment of the active power compensation factor;
η I(n-1) the output value at the moment of the active power compensation factor n-1;
P error(n) the deviation value of the active power output by the wind turbine generator set and the current moment of rated power is obtained;
T s the method is characterized in that the method is an adjustment period of a discrete integrator, and the period is equal to the operation period of a main control program of the wind turbine generator by 10ms;
K i in order to integrate the gain,according to the allowable power excess and power change speed of the wind turbine generator, the power is obtained through experimental experience and is usually 0.15-0.25% P N And/s, the integral gain is used for determining the change speed of the active power compensation factor.
4) Judging the full-sending working condition: the full-power working condition is a working condition that after the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, the unit can output active power according to rated power, before the full-power working condition is entered, the torque regulator outputs a torque control command according to an optimal torque curve, and after the full-power working condition is entered, the torque regulator outputs a torque control command according to reference power.
When the rotating speed of the generator reaches the rated rotating speed and the output torque of the torque regulator reaches the reference torque converted by the reference power, the wind turbine generator is in a full-power working condition, otherwise, the wind turbine generator does not enter the full-power working condition; meanwhile, in order to improve the timeliness of full-power working condition judgment, the embodiment also considers the influence of the fluctuation of the rotation speed of the generator on the reference torque converted from the reference power, increases the active power output by the wind turbine generator set as a judgment condition, namely that the output torque of the torque regulator reaches the reference torque converted from the reference power or the active power output by the wind turbine generator set reaches the rated power, and the rotation speed of the generator reaches the rated rotation speed, and the specific judgment logic is as follows,
wherein N is G The real-time rotating speed of the generator is set;
N r the rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator is set;
P r the reference power of the wind turbine generator is the reference power of the wind turbine generator;
T r reference torque converted to reference power;
T PID is the output torque of the torque regulator.
5) Active power compensation factors are selected: when the wind turbine generator does not enter the full-power working condition, an initial active power compensation factor is selected, and after the wind turbine generator enters the full-power working condition, the integral adjustment quantity eta of the active power compensation factor is selected I As active power supplementCompensation factors;
wherein eta is int Setting the initial active power compensation factor as 1, namely not compensating the reference power when the wind turbine generator does not enter the full-power working condition; η (eta) tmp Is an intermediate calculation of the active power compensation factor.
6) Slope limitation and upper limit and lower limit limitation are carried out on the active power compensation factor selected in the step 5) according to the following formula;
η＝LIMIT(η min ，LIMIT(η-K Rate *T s ，η tmp ，η+K Rate *T s )，η max )
wherein, eta is an active power compensation factor limited by the slope, the upper limit value and the lower limit value;
K Rate the change speed of the active power compensation factor is set according to the maximum power change speed allowed by the wind turbine generator, is an experimental experience value and is usually set to be 5-10% P N /S；
η min Setting the minimum value of the active power compensation factor to be 1, namely not compensating the reference power;
η max the maximum value of the active power compensation factor is usually set to be 1.2-1.3 according to the maximum power of the wind turbine generator, namely, the maximum compensation power is 20% -30% of the rated power.
The active power compensation factor compensates the reference power, so that the slope of the active power compensation factor is limited, the change speed of the reference power can be prevented from exceeding the maximum power change speed allowed by the wind turbine, and the safety of a transmission chain of the wind turbine is ensured;
the upper limit value of the active power compensation factor is limited, so that the active power output by the wind turbine generator can be ensured to exceed rated power;
and the lower limit value of the active power compensation factor is limited, so that the situation that the active power output by the wind turbine generator cannot reach rated power and is underpower is prevented.
7) Adjusting reference power: and taking the product of rated power and active power compensation factor eta as reference power, inputting the calculated reference power into a torque regulator, and outputting a torque control command by the torque regulator according to the compensated reference power to realize dynamic regulation of active power output by the wind turbine generator.
P r ＝η*P N
Wherein, eta is an active power compensation factor limited by a slope, an upper limit value and a lower limit value; p (P) r Is the reference power.
When the method is applied to the Fujian Fuqing sea altar wind field, the actual operation data are shown in the figure 3, and the actual operation data can show that under the full-power working condition, when the fluctuation of the self-consumption electric power of the wind turbine is large, the reference power of the wind turbine is synchronously regulated by the method, so that the rated power of 6210kW can be always kept to be stably output for the output active power of the wind turbine, and the output active power cannot fluctuate along with the change of the self-consumption electric power, thereby the method is effective and feasible.
The method utilizes real-time active power output by the wind turbine generator, adds up the difference value between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and rated power by using a discrete integrator, calculates a compensation factor of the active power, and the calculated compensation factor of the active power is the compensation quantity required under the real-time working condition as the real-time active power is measured by the power grid measuring module. After the wind turbine enters a full-power working condition, the calculated product of the compensation factor and rated power is used as a reference power to be input into the torque regulator, so that the reference power of the torque regulator is dynamically regulated through the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine and the rated power, and the purpose of dynamically regulating the output active power is finally realized, thereby eliminating the influence of the change of the self-consumption power of the wind turbine on the output active power under the full-power working condition, solving the problem that the active power output by the wind turbine can fluctuate along with the change of the self-consumption power when the traditional wind turbine adopts fixed power, enabling the wind turbine to be stably output according to the rated power, ensuring that the whole field of the wind turbine can be stably output according to the design capacity, and maintaining the stability and safety of the power grid.
Claims (6)
1. A dynamic compensation method for active power of a wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Calculating active power: real-time active power output by wind turbine generator set is measured through power grid measurement moduleP out Will beP out Filtering to obtain the 10s average value of real-time active powerP out_ Avg10s；
2) Calculating the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,P error the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power is obtained;P N rated power of the wind turbine generator;
3) Calculating an integral adjustment amount of the active power compensation factor: the deviation between the active power output by the wind turbine generator and the rated power is accumulated and calculated through a discrete integrator to obtain the integral adjustment quantity of the active power compensation factorη I ；
；
In the method, in the process of the invention,η I (n) is the integral regulating variable output value of the active power compensation factor at the current moment;
η I (n-1) is an output value of the active power compensation factor at the moment n-1;
P error (n) is a deviation value of active power output by the wind turbine generator set and the current moment of rated power;
T s an adjustment period for the discrete integrator;
K i the integral gain is obtained through experimental experience according to the allowable power excess and the allowable power change speed of the wind turbine generator;
4) Judging the full-sending working condition: when the rotating speed of the generator reaches the rated rotating speed and the output torque of the torque regulator reaches the reference torque converted by the reference power, the wind turbine generator is in a full-power working condition, otherwise, the wind turbine generator does not enter the full-power working condition;
5) Active power compensation factors are selected: when the wind turbine generator does not enter the full-power working condition, an initial active power compensation factor is selected, and after the wind turbine generator enters the full-power working condition, an integral adjustment quantity of the active power compensation factor is selectedη I As an active power compensation factor;
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,η int setting 1 for the initial active power compensation factor;η tmp an intermediate calculated value for the active power compensation factor;
6) Adjusting reference power: taking the product of the rated power and the intermediate calculated value of the active power compensation factor in the step 5) as reference power, and inputting the calculated reference power into the torque regulator.
2. The method for dynamically compensating active power of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 5) carrying out slope limitation and upper limit and lower limit limitation on the active power compensation factor selected in the step 5) according to the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,ηis limited by slope and upper and lower limit valuesAn active power compensation factor;
K Rate the change speed of the active power compensation factor is obtained through experimental experience according to the maximum power change speed allowed by the wind turbine generator;
η min setting the minimum value of the active power compensation factor to be 1;
η max and obtaining the maximum value of the active power compensation factor through experimental experience according to the maximum power of the self-consumption of the wind turbine.
3. The method for dynamically compensating the active power of the wind turbine generator according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: maximum value of the active power compensation factorη max 1.2 to 1.3.
4. The method for dynamically compensating the active power of the wind turbine generator according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the change speed of the active power compensation factorK Rate 5 to 10 percentP N /s。
5. The method for dynamically compensating active power of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 4) when judging the full-power working condition, increasing the active power output by the wind turbine generator as a judging condition, wherein the specific judging logic is as follows,
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,N G the real-time rotating speed of the generator is set;
N r the rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator is set;
P r the reference power of the wind turbine generator is the reference power of the wind turbine generator;
T r reference torque converted to reference power;
T PID is the output torque of the torque regulator.
6. The method for dynamically compensating active power of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: integral gain in step 3)K i 0.15 to 0.25%P N /s。
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| WO2016133467A1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-25 | Amk D.O.O., Inzeniring, Svetovanje, Trgovina | A photovoltaic system for controling single phase photovoltaic sources for optimal self-consumption |
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