CN113872154A - Over-excitation protection device and method for generator-transformer set and generator-transformer set equipment - Google Patents
Over-excitation protection device and method for generator-transformer set and generator-transformer set equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113872154A CN113872154A CN202111152778.0A CN202111152778A CN113872154A CN 113872154 A CN113872154 A CN 113872154A CN 202111152778 A CN202111152778 A CN 202111152778A CN 113872154 A CN113872154 A CN 113872154A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers
Abstract
The application relates to an over-excitation protection device and method for a generator-transformer unit and generator-transformer unit equipment. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator is switched into over-excitation protection according to the terminal voltage, the generator is protected, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer is subjected to over-excitation protection according to the high-voltage side voltage, the acquired voltage can truly reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer, the maloperation or refusal operation of the over-excitation protection is avoided, the protection is better provided for the generator and the main transformer, the safe and stable operation of a generator-transformer unit is favorably ensured, and the use is reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of generator and transformer relay protection, in particular to a generator-transformer set over-excitation protection device, method and generator-transformer set equipment.
Background
The generator-transformer group refers to a machine set comprising a generator and a transformer. The power generating unit has applications in many fields, for example, in the nuclear power field, the nuclear power generating unit generally includes a generator and a transformer, and a generator outlet breaker arranged between the generator and a main transformer.
However, in actual operation, both the generator and the transformer may be over-excited. When the generator and the main transformer are over-excited, the working magnetic flux density of the iron core is increased, the saturation of the iron core causes the sharp increase of the exciting current, the temperature rise of the winding and the iron core is increased, the insulation overheating and aging are further caused, the service life of the generator and the transformer is shortened, even other devices in the generator set are damaged, the safe and stable operation of the generator-transformer set is influenced, and the working performance of the traditional generator-transformer set is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a generator-transformer set over-excitation protection device, method and generator-transformer set device for solving the problem of poor working performance of the conventional generator-transformer set.
The generator-transformer set over-excitation protection device comprises a sampling circuit and a controller, wherein the sampling circuit is used for connecting a generator, a main transformer and a circuit breaker in a generator-transformer set, the sampling circuit is connected with the controller, one side of the main transformer is connected with a bus, and the other side of the main transformer is connected with the generator through the circuit breaker;
the sampling circuit is used for collecting a generator terminal voltage at one side of the generator close to the circuit breaker, collecting a high-voltage side voltage at one side of the main transformer close to the bus, and sending the generator terminal voltage and the high-voltage side electric measurement to the controller, and when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage; when the breaker is closed, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator terminal voltage.
A generator-transformer group over-excitation protection method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the terminal voltage of a generator in a generator-transformer group at one side close to a circuit breaker;
acquiring the voltage of a high-voltage side at one side of a main transformer in a generator-transformer set, which is close to a bus; one side of the main transformer is connected with the bus, and the other side of the main transformer is connected with the generator through the circuit breaker;
when the circuit breaker is disconnected, performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage;
and when the breaker is closed, performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator terminal voltage.
A generator-transformer group device comprises a generator, a main transformer, a circuit breaker and the generator-transformer group over-excitation protection device.
The generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection device, the generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection method and the generator-transformer-group equipment comprise a sampling circuit and a controller, wherein the sampling circuit is used for collecting generator-end voltage on one side of a generator close to a circuit breaker, collecting high-voltage-side voltage on one side of a main transformer close to a bus, sending the generator-end voltage and the high-voltage-side voltage to the controller, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage-side voltage, and when the circuit breaker is closed, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator-end voltage. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator is switched into over-excitation protection according to the terminal voltage, the generator is protected, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer is subjected to over-excitation protection according to the high-voltage side voltage, the acquired voltage can truly reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer, the maloperation or refusal operation of the over-excitation protection is avoided, the protection is better provided for the generator and the main transformer, the safe and stable operation of a generator-transformer unit is favorably ensured, and the use is reliable.
In one embodiment, the generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection device further comprises an alarm, and the alarm is connected with the controller.
In one embodiment, the overexcitation protection of the main transformer according to the high-side voltage when the circuit breaker is opened includes:
when the circuit breaker is disconnected, acquiring the working frequency of the main transformer;
obtaining an overexcitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage and the working frequency of the main transformer;
and performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer.
In one embodiment, the overexcitation protection of the main transformer according to the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer includes:
when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a first-stage action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm, wherein the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm;
and when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a second-stage action condition of a timing limit or an inverse-time-limit action condition, sending a first disconnection instruction to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer, wherein the first disconnection instruction is used for controlling the high-voltage side switch to be disconnected.
In one embodiment, the sending an alarm signal to an alarm when the measured value of the overexcitation factor of the main transformer meets a first period action condition of a timing limit comprises:
when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a first-stage action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm after delaying a first preset time;
when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a second-stage action condition of a timing limit or an inverse-time-limit action condition, a first disconnection instruction is sent to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer, and the method comprises the following steps of:
and when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a second-stage action condition or an inverse time limit action condition of a timing time limit, sending a first disconnection instruction to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer after delaying a second preset time.
In one embodiment, the overexcitation protection of the generator according to the terminal voltage when the circuit breaker is closed includes:
when the circuit breaker is closed, acquiring the working frequency of the generator;
obtaining an over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator according to the generator terminal voltage and the working frequency of the generator;
and performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator.
In one embodiment, the overexcitation protection of the generator according to the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the generator includes:
when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm, wherein the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm;
when the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets a second-stage action condition of a timing limit or an inverse time limit action condition, sending a second opening instruction to the circuit breaker and a de-excitation switch of the generator, and sending a closing instruction to a main throttle valve of the generator, wherein the second opening instruction is used for controlling the circuit breaker and the de-excitation switch to be opened, and the closing instruction is used for controlling the main throttle valve to be closed.
In one embodiment, the sending an alarm signal to an alarm when the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets a first period action condition of a timing limit comprises:
when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets a first-stage action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm after delaying a first preset time;
when the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets the second-stage action condition of the timing limit or the inverse-time-limit action condition, a second disconnection instruction is sent to the circuit breaker and a de-excitation switch of the generator, and a closing instruction is sent to a main valve of the generator, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and when the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets the second-stage action condition or the inverse time limit action condition of the timing time limit, after delaying a third preset time, sending a second disconnection instruction to the circuit breaker and a field suppression switch of the generator, and sending a closing instruction to a main valve of the generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection relationship of generator-transformer unit over-excitation protection devices in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a method of generator-transformer group over-excitation protection in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a generator-transformer group over-excitation protection method in another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a generator-transformer group over-excitation protection method in yet another embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of generator-transformer group over-excitation protection in yet another embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a generator over-excitation protection trip logic diagram of a generator set over-excitation protection device in one embodiment;
fig. 7 is a logic diagram of main transformer over-excitation protection tripping of the generator set over-excitation protection device in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described more fully below by way of examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a generator-transformer unit over-excitation protection device 10 is provided, which can be applied to a generator-transformer unit including a generator and a main transformer, and particularly can provide generator and main transformer over-excitation protection for a large nuclear power unit having a circuit breaker disposed between the generator and the main transformer. The generator-transformer set over-excitation protection device 10 comprises a sampling circuit and a controller, wherein the sampling circuit is used for connecting a generator, a main transformer and a circuit breaker in the generator-transformer set, the sampling circuit is connected with the controller, one side of the main transformer is connected with a bus, and the other side of the main transformer is connected with the generator through the circuit breaker. The sampling circuit is used for collecting the generator terminal voltage of one side of the generator close to the circuit breaker, collecting the high-voltage side voltage of one side of the main transformer close to the bus, electrically measuring the generator terminal voltage and the high-voltage side and sending the voltage and the high-voltage side to the controller, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage, and when the circuit breaker is closed, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator terminal voltage. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator is switched into over-excitation protection according to the terminal voltage, the generator is protected, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer is subjected to over-excitation protection according to the high-voltage side voltage, the acquired voltage can truly reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer, the maloperation or refusal operation of the over-excitation protection is avoided, the protection is better provided for the generator and the main transformer, the safe and stable operation of a generator-transformer unit is favorably ensured, and the use is reliable.
Specifically, one side of the main transformer is connected with the bus, and the other side is connected with the generator through the circuit breaker, and the circuit breaker in the embodiment can be used as a generator outlet for breaking. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator and the main transformer are both put into use, electric energy generated by the generator can be transmitted to the main transformer through the circuit breaker, and then transmitted to the bus after voltage transformation is carried out by the main transformer, so that power is supplied to equipment on the bus, and the power generation process is completed. Correspondingly, the generator is put into use at the moment, over-excitation protection needs to be carried out on the generator, and the phenomenon that the generator is overheated or even damaged due to over-excitation is avoided. When the circuit breaker is disconnected, the generator is not put into use, the main transformer operates as a step-down transformer, and the voltage on the bus is transmitted reversely through the main transformer. For example, when the power generation unit further includes a plant transformer, one end of the plant transformer is connected to the common end of the main transformer and the circuit breaker, and the other end of the plant transformer is grounded, and the number of the plant transformers may be two or more. When the circuit breaker is disconnected, the voltage on the bus is transmitted to the plant transformer through the main transformer, and the power generation and transformation group is in a working state of power reversing. Correspondingly, the generator is not put into use at this moment, the main transformer is put into use, overexcitation protection needs to be carried out on the main transformer, and overheating and even damage of equipment caused by overexcitation of the main transformer are avoided.
The sampling circuit is used for collecting the generator terminal voltage of the generator close to one side of the circuit breaker and sending the generator terminal voltage to the controller, and the generator terminal voltage is the voltage on a connecting line of the generator and the circuit breaker. The controller judges whether the generator has an over-excitation phenomenon according to the received generator terminal voltage, if so, corresponding over-excitation protection measures need to be taken, and the generator is prevented from being damaged due to over-excitation. The sampling circuit is also used for collecting the voltage of the high-voltage side of the main transformer close to one side of the bus and sending the voltage to the controller, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer operates as a step-down transformer, the voltage of the low-voltage side of the main transformer (namely the voltage at the common end of the main transformer and the circuit breaker) reflects the voltage of the main transformer and the voltage of the plant transformer, and the voltage of the high-voltage side of the main transformer can truly and accurately reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer. The controller judges whether the main transformer generates an over-excitation phenomenon according to the received high-voltage side voltage, if so, corresponding over-excitation protection measures need to be taken, and the main transformer is prevented from being damaged due to over-excitation. The main transformer is subjected to excitation protection based on the voltage of the low-voltage side of the main transformer, so that the operation failure or misoperation of the main transformer in excitation protection can be reduced, and better protection is provided for the main transformer.
The sampling circuit is connected with the circuit breaker in an extensible mode, working parameters of the circuit breaker can be detected and sent to the controller, the controller judges whether the circuit breaker is in a closed state or an open state at the moment according to the working parameters of the circuit breaker, and the working parameters of the circuit breaker can be parameters such as voltage or current of the circuit breaker. Or, the controller can also directly acquire the working parameters of the circuit breaker, so as to judge whether the circuit breaker is conducted or not. In addition, the controller may also control the operating state of the circuit breaker, for example, control the circuit breaker to switch from the closed state to the open state, etc., if necessary, as long as the skilled person can realize the control.
Further, the location where the sampling circuit collects the voltage is not unique. For example, the sampling circuit is connected with the common terminal of the generator and the breaker and used for collecting the terminal voltage. The sampling circuit is also connected with a voltage transformer arranged at a bus port, and the voltage acquired by the sampling circuit is the voltage on the high-voltage side of the main transformer. In an expandable manner, the sampling circuit can be connected with a voltage transformer at any end of the bus to collect the high-voltage side voltage of the main transformer, and can be arranged according to actual requirements, and a bus circuit breaker, such as CB1, CB2 and CB3 in fig. 1, is arranged between the two ends of the bus. The structure and type of the sampling circuit are not exclusive, and for example, a voltage transformer measuring circuit or an integrating operational amplifier measuring circuit, etc. may be used, as long as those skilled in the art can realize the measurement.
The manner in which the controller over-energizes the generator and the manner in which the controller over-energizes the main transformer are not unique. For example, the controller can send an alarm signal to the alarm when judging that the over-excitation protection is needed according to the terminal voltage or the high-voltage side voltage, wherein the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to send alarm information so as to remind a worker to timely handle abnormal conditions and avoid further damage to devices. Or, the controller can also control the generator and the main transformer to stop working in time by controlling the working states of part of devices in the generator or the main transformer, and the like, so as to protect the generator and the main transformer.
In one embodiment, the generator set over-excitation protection device 10 further comprises an alarm, and the alarm is connected with the controller. Under the control of the controller, the alarm can send an alarm signal to remind a user of timely handling abnormal conditions, timely maintaining the unit and avoiding further damage to the unit.
Specifically, when the controller performs overexcitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage, the controller can send an alarm signal to the alarm, and the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm so as to remind a user that the main transformer is overexcited and a countermeasure needs to be taken in time. Or, when the controller performs over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator terminal voltage, the controller can also send an alarm signal to the alarm, and the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm so as to remind a user that the over-excitation condition of the generator occurs and that a countermeasure needs to be taken in time.
In addition, the type of the alarm is not unique, and the alarm information sent by the alarm is different according to different types of the alarm. For example, the alarm may be a buzzer, a display lamp, a display screen, a voice prompt device, or the like. The buzzer can give out buzzing sound to alarm, the prompting effect is good, and the use cost is low. The display lamp can send out prompt information through whether the display lamp is lighted, the lighting color or the flashing frequency and the like, and can also play a role in warning even in a dark environment. The display screen can send out alarm information by displaying characters or diagrams and the like, and the display content is rich. The voice prompt device sends alarm information through voice, and the prompt effect is good. It is understood that in other embodiments, the alarm may be a combination of the above devices, or may further include other devices, which may be set according to actual needs, as long as the implementation is considered by those skilled in the art.
The generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection device 10 comprises a sampling circuit and a controller, wherein the sampling circuit is used for collecting generator terminal voltage on one side of a generator close to a circuit breaker, collecting high-voltage side voltage on one side of a main transformer close to a bus, electrically measuring the generator terminal voltage and the high-voltage side and sending the measured value to the controller, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage, and when the circuit breaker is closed, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator terminal voltage. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator is switched into over-excitation protection according to the terminal voltage, the generator is protected, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer is subjected to over-excitation protection according to the high-voltage side voltage, the acquired voltage can truly reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer, the maloperation or refusal operation of the over-excitation protection is avoided, the protection is better provided for the generator and the main transformer, the safe and stable operation of a generator-transformer unit is favorably ensured, and the use is reliable.
In one embodiment, a generator set over-excitation protection method is provided, which may be performed by the controller of the generator set over-excitation protection device 10 in the above-described embodiments. Referring to fig. 2, the generator-transformer set over-excitation protection method includes the following steps:
step S100: and acquiring the terminal voltage of the generator in the generator-transformer group at one side close to the circuit breaker.
Specifically, the controller can obtain the generator terminal voltage of the generator in the generator-transformer group on the side close to the circuit breaker through the sampling circuit. The sampling circuit is connected with the generator and the controller, and the sampling circuit is used for collecting the generator terminal voltage on one side of the generator close to the breaker and sending the generator terminal voltage to the controller.
Step S200: and acquiring the high-voltage side voltage at one side of the main transformer in the generator-transformer set close to the bus.
Specifically, the controller can obtain the voltage of the high-voltage side of the main transformer in the generator-transformer group at the side close to the bus through the sampling circuit. The sampling circuit is also used for collecting the voltage of the high-voltage side of the main transformer close to one side of the bus and sending the voltage to the controller, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer operates as a step-down transformer, the voltage of the low-voltage side of the main transformer (namely the voltage at the common end of the main transformer and the circuit breaker) reflects the voltage of the main transformer and the voltage of the plant transformer, and the voltage of the high-voltage side of the main transformer can truly and accurately reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer.
Wherein, main transformer one side is connected the generating line, and the opposite side passes through the circuit breaker and connects the generator. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator and the main transformer are both put into use, electric energy generated by the generator can be transmitted to the main transformer through the circuit breaker, and then transmitted to the bus after voltage transformation is carried out by the main transformer, so that power is supplied to equipment on the bus, and the power generation process is completed. When the circuit breaker is disconnected, the generator is not put into use, the main transformer operates as a step-down transformer, and the voltage on the bus is transmitted reversely through the main transformer. For example, when the power generation unit further includes a plant transformer, one end of the plant transformer is connected to the common end of the main transformer and the circuit breaker, and the other end of the plant transformer is grounded, and the number of the plant transformers may be two or more. When the circuit breaker is disconnected, the voltage on the bus is transmitted to the plant transformer through the main transformer, and the power generation and transformation group is in a working state of power reversing.
Step S300: and when the circuit breaker is disconnected, performing overexcitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage.
The controller judges whether the main transformer generates an over-excitation phenomenon according to the received high-voltage side voltage, if so, corresponding over-excitation protection measures need to be taken, and the main transformer is prevented from being damaged due to over-excitation. The main transformer is subjected to excitation protection based on the voltage of the low-voltage side of the main transformer, so that the operation failure or misoperation of the main transformer in excitation protection can be reduced, and better protection is provided for the main transformer.
The way in which the controller main transformer performs over-excitation protection is not exclusive. For example, the controller can send an alarm signal to the alarm when judging that overexcitation protection is needed according to the high-voltage side voltage, and the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to send alarm information so as to remind a worker to timely handle abnormal conditions and avoid further damage to devices. Or, the controller can also control the main transformer to stop working in time by controlling the working states of part of devices in the main transformer, and the like, so as to protect the main transformer.
Step S400: when the breaker is closed, the generator is over-excited and protected according to the terminal voltage.
The controller judges whether the generator has an over-excitation phenomenon according to the received generator terminal voltage, if so, corresponding over-excitation protection measures need to be taken, and the generator is prevented from being damaged due to over-excitation. The manner in which the controller over-energizes the generator is not exclusive. For example, the controller can send an alarm signal to the alarm when judging that the over-excitation protection is needed according to the terminal voltage, and the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to send alarm information so as to remind a worker to timely handle abnormal conditions and avoid further damage to devices. Or the controller can also control the generator to stop working in time and the like by controlling the working states of part of devices in the generator, so as to protect the generator. In addition, the controller can also control the breaker to be disconnected, stop the generator to put into operation, lighten the working load of the generator and play a role in protecting the generator.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, step S300 includes steps S310 to S330.
Step S310: and when the circuit breaker is disconnected, acquiring the working frequency of the main transformer.
When the circuit breaker is disconnected, the generator is not put into use, and the controller mainly puts into over-excitation protection on the main transformer. At this time, the working frequency of the main transformer is obtained, and the working frequency is an important parameter reflecting the working state of the main transformer and can be used as a basis for judging whether the main transformer is over-excited.
Step S320: and obtaining an overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer according to the voltage at the high-voltage side and the working frequency of the main transformer.
Over-excitation protection generally adopts an over-excitation multiple to reflect the over-excitation condition of equipment. In this embodiment, after the high-voltage side voltage and the operating frequency of the main transformer are obtained, the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer can be obtained according to the high-voltage side voltage and the operating frequency of the main transformer. The measured value of the overexcitation factor of the main transformer may be a ratio of the voltage on the high-voltage side to the operating frequency of the main transformer. Further, it may be the ratio of the effective value of the high side voltage to the operating frequency of the main transformer. When the main transformer is overexcited, the working frequency of the main transformer can be changed, and whether the main transformer is overexcited or not can be judged according to the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer.
Step S330: and performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer.
The overexcitation protection method for the main transformer according to the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer is not unique, and in this embodiment, the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer may be compared with a setting value, and when the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer is greater than the setting value, it is considered that an overexcitation site has occurred in the main transformer, and at this time, overexcitation protection needs to be performed on the main transformer. The value of the setting value is not unique, and may be, for example, 1.0 or 1.1, and the like, and may be set according to actual requirements, as long as the implementation is considered by those skilled in the art.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, step S330 includes step S331 and step S332.
Step S331: and when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm.
When the over-excitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets different conditions, different over-excitation protection actions can be taken, and better protection is provided for the main transformer. When the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit, an alarm signal is sent to an alarm, wherein the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm so as to remind a user that the main transformer is overexcited and a countermeasure needs to be taken in time.
Step S332: and when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets the second-stage action condition of the timing limit or the inverse time limit action condition, sending a first disconnection command to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer.
And when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a second-stage action condition of the timing limit or an inverse time limit action condition, sending a first disconnection command to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer, wherein the first disconnection command is used for controlling the high-voltage side switch to be disconnected. The controller can control the high-voltage side switch of the main transformer to be switched off by sending the first switching-off command, so that the working load of the main transformer is reduced, and the main transformer is prevented from being further damaged.
The over-excitation protection can adopt anti-time-limit over-excitation protection, which comprises an upper limit timing limit, an anti-time limit and a lower limit timing limit, and corresponds to the embodiment that the first section of action condition of the timing limit corresponds to the lower limit timing limit, the second section of action condition of the timing limit corresponds to the upper limit timing limit, and the anti-time-limit action condition corresponds to the anti-time limit. The upper limit timing limit and the inverse time limit act on tripping, and the lower limit timing limit acts on sending out an alarm signal.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, step S331 includes step S3311, and step S332 includes step S3321.
Step S3311: when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets the first-stage action condition of the timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm after delaying a first preset time.
When the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets the first-stage action condition of the timing limit, the alarm signal can be sent to the alarm after the first preset time is delayed. The delay of the first preset duration can be better matched with other protection actions, and the protection effect on the main transformer is better. The first preset time length can be set by the controller, the specific value is not unique and can be selected according to actual requirements, and the first preset time length can also be 0.
Step S3321: and when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets the second-stage action condition or the inverse time limit action condition of the timing time limit, sending a first disconnection instruction to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer after delaying a second preset time.
When the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets the second-stage action condition or the inverse time limit action condition of the timing time limit, the first disconnection instruction can be sent to the high-voltage side switch of the main transformer after the second preset duration is delayed. The delay of the second preset duration can be better matched with other protection actions, and the protection effect on the main transformer is better. The second preset time length can be set by the controller, the specific value is not unique and can be selected according to actual requirements, and the second preset time length can also be 0.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, step S400 includes steps S410 to S430.
Step S410: when the breaker is closed, the operating frequency of the generator is obtained.
When the breaker is closed, the generator is put into use, and the controller is mainly used for over-excitation protection of the generator. At the moment, the working frequency of the generator is obtained, the working frequency is an important parameter reflecting the working state of the generator, and the working frequency can be used as a basis for judging whether the generator is over-excited or not.
Step S420: and obtaining an over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator according to the generator terminal voltage and the working frequency of the generator.
Over-excitation protection generally adopts an over-excitation multiple to reflect the over-excitation condition of equipment. In this embodiment, after the generator terminal voltage and the operating frequency of the generator are obtained, the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the generator may be obtained according to the generator terminal voltage and the operating frequency of the generator. The over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator can be the ratio of the terminal voltage to the working frequency of the generator. Further, it may be a ratio of an effective value of the machine terminal voltage to an operating frequency of the generator. When the generator is over-excited, the working frequency of the generator can be changed, and whether the generator is over-excited or not can be judged according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator.
Step S430: and performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator.
The overexcitation protection method for the generator is not unique according to the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the generator, and in this embodiment, the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the generator may be compared with a setting value, and when the overexcitation multiple measurement value of the generator is greater than the setting value, it is determined that the generator is in an overexcitation site, and at this time, the overexcitation protection for the generator is required. The value of the setting value is not unique, and may be, for example, 1.0 or 1.1, and the like, and may be set according to actual requirements, as long as the implementation is considered by those skilled in the art.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, step S430 includes step S431 and step S432.
Step S431: and when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm.
When the over-excitation multiple measured value of the generator meets different conditions, different over-excitation protection actions can be taken, and better protection is provided for the generator. And when the over-excitation multiple measured value of the generator meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm, wherein the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm so as to remind a user that the over-excitation condition of the generator occurs and a countermeasure needs to be taken in time.
Step S432: and when the over-excitation multiple measured value of the generator meets the second-stage action condition or the inverse time limit action condition of the timing limit, sending a second disconnection instruction to the circuit breaker and a de-excitation switch of the generator, and sending a closing instruction to a main valve of the generator.
The second opening instruction is used for controlling the circuit breaker and the de-excitation switch to be opened, and the closing instruction is used for controlling the main steam valve to be closed. The controller can control the breaker and the field-extinguishing switch of the generator to be disconnected by sending a second disconnection instruction, so that the breaker stops working, an excitation system of the generator stops cutting a magnetic field, and power generation is stopped. The controller can also control the main valve of the generator to close by sending a closing instruction, so that the steam in the generator stops driving other devices to rotate, and the power generation is stopped.
The over-excitation protection can adopt anti-time-limit over-excitation protection, which comprises an upper limit timing limit, an anti-time limit and a lower limit timing limit, and corresponds to the embodiment that the first section of action condition of the timing limit corresponds to the lower limit timing limit, the second section of action condition of the timing limit corresponds to the upper limit timing limit, and the anti-time-limit action condition corresponds to the anti-time limit. The upper limit timing limit and the inverse time limit act on tripping, and the lower limit timing limit acts on sending out an alarm signal.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, step S431 includes step S4311, and step S332 includes step S4321.
Step S4311: and when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets the first-stage action condition of the timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm after delaying for a first preset time.
When the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit, the alarm signal can be sent to the alarm after the first preset time is delayed. The delay of the first preset time can be better matched with other protection actions, and the protection effect on the generator is better. The first preset time length can be set by the controller, the specific value is not unique and can be selected according to actual requirements, and the first preset time length can also be 0.
Step S4321: and when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets the second-stage action condition or the inverse time limit action condition of the timing limit, after delaying a third preset time, sending a second disconnection instruction to the circuit breaker and a de-excitation switch of the generator, and sending a closing instruction to a main valve of the generator.
When the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets the second-stage action condition or the inverse time limit action condition of the timing time limit, a second disconnection instruction can be sent to the circuit breaker and the field suppression switch of the generator after a third preset time is delayed, and a closing instruction is sent to the main throttle valve of the generator. The delay of the third preset time can be better matched with other protection actions, and the protection effect on the main transformer is better. The third preset time length can be set by the controller, the specific value is not unique and can be selected according to actual requirements, and the third preset time length can also be 0. In an extensible manner, the values of the first preset time period, the second preset time period and the third preset time period may be the same or different, and may be set according to actual requirements, as long as those skilled in the art think that the setting can be achieved.
For a better understanding of the above embodiments, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with a specific embodiment. In one embodiment, the generator-transformer set is a nuclear power unit, the over-excitation protection adopted by the generator-transformer set over-excitation protection device 10 is anti-time-limit over-excitation protection, and the generator-transformer set over-excitation protection device is composed of an upper limit timing limit, an anti-time limit and a lower limit timing limit, wherein the upper limit timing limit and the anti-time limit act on tripping, and the lower limit timing limit acts on sending an alarm signal. The voltage measurement point of generator over-excitation protection in the generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection device 10 is usually the generator terminal voltage, and the main transformer over-excitation protection in the generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection device 10 takes the main transformer high-voltage side voltage as the voltage measurement point, so as to prevent the risk of main transformer over-excitation protection misoperation or failure operation when the generator outlet circuit breaker is disconnected. The overexcitation protection generally adopts an overexcitation multiple to reflect the overexcitation condition of equipment, and a measured value of the overexcitation multiple is obtained through calculation of collected voltage and frequency and is compared with a setting value of the overexcitation multiple. And when the measured value is greater than the setting value, an over-excitation protection action signal is sent.
Meanwhile, a trip logic design is provided, the position contact of the generator outlet circuit breaker is used as one of action criteria of generator over-excitation protection and main transformer over-excitation protection, and is connected into the action outlet logic of the generator over-excitation protection and the main transformer over-excitation protection, so that the generator over-excitation protection and the main transformer over-excitation protection are matched with each other. The generator terminal voltage is taken as the generator over-excitation protection voltage measuring point, and the main transformer high-voltage side voltage is taken as the main transformer over-excitation protection voltage measuring point. When a generator outlet circuit breaker (GCB) is closed, the main transformer overexcitation protection quits operation, and the generator overexcitation protection carries out overexcitation protection on the whole generator-transformer unit; when the generator outlet circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer overexcitation protection is put into operation, and the generator overexcitation protection and the main transformer overexcitation protection respectively protect the generator and the main transformer. When the generator or the main transformer is over-excited, the device acquires corresponding voltage and frequency, calculates and obtains an over-excitation multiple measured value which is greater than a setting value, and sends an over-excitation protection action signal to act on sending an alarm signal or tripping.
Specifically, in the generator-transformer-group overexcitation protection device 10, a voltage measurement point for generator overexcitation protection is selected from a generator end, and a main-transformer overexcitation protection voltage measurement point is selected from a main-transformer high-voltage-side voltage (as shown in fig. 1). When the generator outlet circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer operates as a step-down transformer, when the system reversely transmits power through the main transformer, main transformer overexcitation protection is put into operation, if voltage rising or frequency falling occurs to cause overexcitation of the main transformer, excitation current on the high-voltage side of the main transformer is increased sharply, the protection device acquires the working frequency of the main transformer and the voltage on the high-voltage side at the moment, an overexcitation multiple measured value is obtained through calculation, when the overexcitation multiple measured value is greater than a protection setting value, a protection action condition is met, and main transformer overexcitation protection action is exported. The voltage of the high-voltage side of the main transformer and the overexcitation multiple obtained by the working frequency of the main transformer can effectively reflect the overexcitation state of the main transformer at the moment, so that the main transformer overexcitation protection provides effective, timely and reliable protection for the main transformer.
Fig. 6 is a logic diagram of generator over-excitation protection tripping of the present invention. The generator over-excitation protection device in the generator-transformer group over-excitation protection device 10 acquires the frequency and the generator terminal voltage when the generator works to obtain an over-excitation multiple measurement value, compares the over-excitation multiple measurement value with a protection setting value, and acts on a signaling after t1 delay when the action condition of a timing limit I section is met. When the generator outlet circuit breaker is closed and the action condition of the timing period II or the inverse time period is met, the generator outlet circuit breaker is actuated after t2 delay, the demagnetization switch is tripped, and the main throttle valve is closed. When the generator outlet breaker is disconnected and the action condition of a timing period II or an inverse timing period is met, the generator outlet breaker acts for demagnetization after t3 delay, and a main valve is closed.
Fig. 7 is a logic diagram of the main transformer over-excitation protection tripping of the invention. The main transformer over-excitation protection device in the generator-transformer group over-excitation protection device 10 acquires the frequency and the high-voltage side voltage of the main transformer during working to obtain an over-excitation multiple measured value, compares the measured value with a protection setting value, and acts on signaling after t1 delay when the generator outlet circuit breaker is disconnected and meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit. When the generator outlet circuit breaker is disconnected and the action condition of the time limit I section or the inverse time limit is met, the high-voltage side switch of the main transformer is tripped after the time delay of t 2.
The high-voltage side voltage of the main transformer is used as a voltage measuring point of main transformer over-excitation protection, so that the excitation condition of the main transformer can be effectively reflected, the over-excitation condition of the main transformer and an over-excitation protection action signal can be accurately identified, the reliability of the main transformer over-excitation protection when the generator outlet circuit breaker is disconnected can be ensured, the reliable protection of the over-excitation condition of the main transformer under any state of the nuclear power unit can be realized under the condition that the main transformer over-excitation protection and the generator over-excitation protection are mutually matched, and the safe and stable operation of the nuclear power unit can be ensured.
The generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection method comprises a sampling circuit and a controller, wherein the sampling circuit is used for collecting generator-end voltage on one side of a generator close to a circuit breaker, collecting high-voltage-side voltage on one side of a main transformer close to a bus, and electrically measuring the generator-end voltage and the high-voltage-side voltage and sending the measured value to the controller. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator is switched into over-excitation protection according to the terminal voltage, the generator is protected, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer is subjected to over-excitation protection according to the high-voltage side voltage, the acquired voltage can truly reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer, the maloperation or refusal operation of the over-excitation protection is avoided, the protection is better provided for the generator and the main transformer, the safe and stable operation of a generator-transformer unit is favorably ensured, and the use is reliable.
In one embodiment, a generator-transformer assembly apparatus is provided, comprising a generator, a main transformer, a circuit breaker, and the generator-transformer assembly over-excitation protection device 10 described above.
The generator-transformer set equipment comprises a sampling circuit and a controller, wherein the sampling circuit is used for collecting generator end voltage of a generator close to one side of a circuit breaker, collecting high-voltage side voltage of a main transformer close to one side of a bus, electrically measuring the generator end voltage and the high-voltage side and sending the generator end voltage and the high-voltage side voltage to the controller, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage, and when the circuit breaker is closed, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator end voltage. When the circuit breaker is closed, the generator is switched into over-excitation protection according to the terminal voltage, the generator is protected, when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the main transformer is subjected to over-excitation protection according to the high-voltage side voltage, the acquired voltage can truly reflect the excitation condition of the main transformer, the maloperation or refusal operation of the over-excitation protection is avoided, the protection is better provided for the generator and the main transformer, the safe and stable operation of a generator-transformer unit is favorably ensured, and the use is reliable.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The generator-transformer set over-excitation protection device is characterized by comprising a sampling circuit and a controller, wherein the sampling circuit is used for connecting a generator, a main transformer and a circuit breaker in a generator-transformer set, the sampling circuit is connected with the controller, one side of the main transformer is connected with a bus, and the other side of the main transformer is connected with the generator through the circuit breaker;
the sampling circuit is used for collecting a generator terminal voltage at one side of the generator close to the circuit breaker, collecting a high-voltage side voltage at one side of the main transformer close to the bus, and sending the generator terminal voltage and the high-voltage side electric measurement to the controller, and when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage; when the breaker is closed, the controller is used for performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator terminal voltage.
2. The generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection device according to claim 1, further comprising an alarm, wherein the alarm is connected with the controller.
3. A generator-transformer group over-excitation protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the terminal voltage of a generator in a generator-transformer group at one side close to a circuit breaker;
acquiring the voltage of a high-voltage side at one side of a main transformer in a generator-transformer set, which is close to a bus; one side of the main transformer is connected with the bus, and the other side of the main transformer is connected with the generator through the circuit breaker;
when the circuit breaker is disconnected, performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage;
and when the breaker is closed, performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the generator terminal voltage.
4. The generator-transformer set over-excitation protection method according to claim 3, wherein the over-excitation protection of the main transformer according to the high-side voltage when the circuit breaker is opened comprises:
when the circuit breaker is disconnected, acquiring the working frequency of the main transformer;
obtaining an overexcitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer according to the high-voltage side voltage and the working frequency of the main transformer;
and performing over-excitation protection on the main transformer according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer.
5. The generator-transformer group over-excitation protection method according to claim 4, wherein the over-excitation protection of the main transformer according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer comprises:
when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a first-stage action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm, wherein the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm;
and when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a second-stage action condition of a timing limit or an inverse-time-limit action condition, sending a first disconnection instruction to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer, wherein the first disconnection instruction is used for controlling the high-voltage side switch to be disconnected.
6. The generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection method according to claim 5, wherein when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the main transformer meets a first-stage action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm, comprises:
when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a first-stage action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm after delaying a first preset time;
when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a second-stage action condition of a timing limit or an inverse-time-limit action condition, a first disconnection instruction is sent to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer, and the method comprises the following steps of:
and when the overexcitation multiple measured value of the main transformer meets a second-stage action condition or an inverse time limit action condition of a timing time limit, sending a first disconnection instruction to a high-voltage side switch of the main transformer after delaying a second preset time.
7. The generator-transformer-group over-excitation protection method according to claim 3, wherein when the circuit breaker is closed, the generator is over-excited protected according to the generator-end voltage, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the circuit breaker is closed, acquiring the working frequency of the generator;
obtaining an over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator according to the generator terminal voltage and the working frequency of the generator;
and performing over-excitation protection on the generator according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator.
8. The generator-transformer group over-excitation protection method according to claim 7, wherein the over-excitation protection of the generator according to the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator comprises:
when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets the action condition of the first section of the timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm, wherein the alarm signal is used for controlling the alarm to give an alarm;
when the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets a second-stage action condition of a timing limit or an inverse time limit action condition, sending a second opening instruction to the circuit breaker and a de-excitation switch of the generator, and sending a closing instruction to a main throttle valve of the generator, wherein the second opening instruction is used for controlling the circuit breaker and the de-excitation switch to be opened, and the closing instruction is used for controlling the main throttle valve to be closed.
9. The generator-transformer unit over-excitation protection method according to claim 8, wherein when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets a first period action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm, comprises:
when the over-excitation multiple measurement value of the generator meets a first-stage action condition of a timing limit, sending an alarm signal to an alarm after delaying a first preset time;
when the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets the second-stage action condition of the timing limit or the inverse-time-limit action condition, a second disconnection instruction is sent to the circuit breaker and a de-excitation switch of the generator, and a closing instruction is sent to a main valve of the generator, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and when the measured value of the over-excitation multiple of the generator meets the second-stage action condition or the inverse time limit action condition of the timing time limit, after delaying a third preset time, sending a second disconnection instruction to the circuit breaker and a field suppression switch of the generator, and sending a closing instruction to a main valve of the generator.
10. A generator-transformer assembly comprising a generator, a main transformer, a circuit breaker and a generator-transformer assembly over-excitation protection device as claimed in any one of claims 1-2.
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