CN113872149A - Air conditioner under-voltage protection method and air conditioner - Google Patents
Air conditioner under-voltage protection method and air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN113872149A CN113872149A CN202111141943.2A CN202111141943A CN113872149A CN 113872149 A CN113872149 A CN 113872149A CN 202111141943 A CN202111141943 A CN 202111141943A CN 113872149 A CN113872149 A CN 113872149A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/38—Failure diagnosis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/16—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air conditioner under-voltage protection method and an air conditioner, wherein the air conditioner under-voltage protection method comprises the following steps: acquiring an alternating voltage value; determining that the alternating voltage value is smaller than a preset undervoltage threshold value; recording the continuous times that the alternating voltage value is smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold value; and determining that the continuous times exceed a preset time threshold value, and controlling a PFC circuit of the air conditioner to be closed. The air conditioner under-voltage protection method provided by the embodiment of the invention can timely close the PFC circuit when the voltage drops, control the voltage of the direct current bus to drop less, further greatly reduce the impact of the power supply current after the voltage is recovered, and ensure the reliability of the device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to an air conditioner under-voltage protection method and an air conditioner.
Background
In the air conditioner, generally all be provided with the filter capacitor of relatively large capacity, when the system is electrified, generally charge in order to restrict charging current through PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) resistance earlier, some high-power models adopt ac contactor, can will drop PTC resistance bypass after relay or ac contactor actuation, when the voltage drops, because the voltage is lower, duration is longer, to the model that adopts ac contactor, ac contactor can not maintain the actuation, automatic disconnection, after ac contactor disconnection, direct current bus voltage can reduce very fast, then the voltage at the electrolytic capacitor both ends in the circuit also can reduce very fast. When the voltage is recovered, the alternating current contactor can be attracted again, but the alternating current power supply directly charges the electrolytic capacitor without the PTC, and because the voltage at the two ends of the electrolytic capacitor is lower, the voltage difference between the inside of the electrolytic capacitor and the voltage of the direct current bus is larger, and the impact current is very large during charging, so that the device is easy to damage.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an under-voltage protection method for an air conditioner, which can greatly reduce the impact of the supply current on the electrolytic capacitor in the circuit after the voltage is restored and ensure the reliability of the device by controlling the voltage drop of the dc bus less when the voltage drops.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner.
In order to achieve the above object, an under-voltage protection method for an air conditioner according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention includes: acquiring an alternating voltage value; determining that the alternating voltage value is smaller than a preset undervoltage threshold value; recording the continuous times that the alternating voltage value is smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold value; and determining that the continuous times exceed a preset time threshold value, and controlling a PFC circuit of the air conditioner to be closed.
According to the air conditioner under-voltage protection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, by acquiring the alternating voltage value, when under-voltage occurs, the alternating voltage value is determined to be smaller than the preset under-voltage threshold value and reach the preset time threshold value, the response is fast, and the circuit can be protected in time. And when power failure protection is carried out, the PFC circuit is controlled to be closed, so that the reduction degree of the voltage of the direct current bus is effectively controlled, and higher voltage can be stored in the electrolytic capacitor, so that after the voltage is recovered, the voltage difference between the voltage in the electrolytic capacitor and the voltage of the direct current bus is smaller, the impact of power supply current can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of a device is ensured. In some embodiments of the present invention, the obtaining the ac voltage value includes: and acquiring the absolute value of the instantaneous value of the alternating voltage at a preset sampling frequency and the preset sampling times of each electrical cycle.
In some embodiments of the invention, the preset undervoltage threshold is a product of the ac voltage value and a sine value of a preset electrical angle, and the preset undervoltage threshold is smaller than a peak value of the ac voltage value.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined sampling frequency F is 14K ≦ F ≦ 18K, and the predetermined number of samples T per electrical cycle is 310 times ≦ T ≦ 330 times.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after determining that the consecutive times exceed the preset time threshold, the method further includes: and carrying out undervoltage fault alarm.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention further provides an air conditioner, including: the first input end of the rectifying circuit module is connected with the first end of the alternating current power supply, and the second input end of the rectifying circuit module is connected with the second end of the alternating current power supply; an AC contactor module disposed between a first input terminal of the rectifier circuit module and a first end of the AC power supply; the PTC module is connected with the alternating current contactor module in parallel, the alternating current contactor module is disconnected when the alternating current contactor module is powered on, and the alternating current contactor module is closed to bypass the PTC module when the input current is limited; the input end of the PFC circuit module is connected with the output end of the rectification circuit module; the electrolytic capacitor module is connected with the output end of the PFC circuit module; the power module is connected with the electrolytic capacitor module and the compressor; the first detection end of the voltage acquisition module is connected with the first input end of the rectifier circuit module, and the second detection end of the voltage acquisition module is connected with the second input end of the rectifier circuit module and used for acquiring an alternating-current voltage value; and the controller is connected with the output end of the voltage acquisition module, the PFC circuit module and the AC contactor module and is used for controlling the PFC circuit module according to the air conditioner under-voltage protection method.
According to the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the invention, the voltage acquisition module acquires an alternating voltage value in real time, the controller compares the acquired alternating voltage value with a preset undervoltage threshold value, and when the undervoltage protection condition is determined to be met, the controller can control the PFC circuit module to stop working so as to protect the circuit, further effectively control the reduction degree of the direct current bus voltage, and ensure that higher voltage can be stored in the electrolytic capacitor module, so that the voltage difference between the voltage in the electrolytic capacitor module and the direct current bus voltage is smaller after the voltage is recovered, the impact of power supply current can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of a device can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioner further comprises: and the signal amplification circuit module is connected with the output end of the voltage acquisition module and the controller and is used for amplifying the alternating voltage value.
In some embodiments of the invention, the voltage acquisition module comprises: the first end of the first resistor is connected with the first input ends of the alternating current contactor module, the PTC module and the rectifying circuit module, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the third resistor; the first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the alternating current power supply and the second input end of the rectifier circuit module, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor; a first end of the seventh resistor is connected with a second end of the third resistor, a second end of the seventh resistor is connected with the signal amplification circuit module, and a first node is arranged between the first end of the seventh resistor and the second end of the third resistor; the first end of the eighth resistor is connected with the second end of the sixth resistor, a second node is arranged between the first end of the eighth resistor and the second end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the eighth resistor is connected with the first end of the ninth resistor, and the second end of the ninth resistor is connected with a preset power supply; the first end of the first capacitor is grounded, the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first node, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the first node, the second end of the second capacitor is connected with the second node, the first end of the third capacitor is connected with the second node, and the second end of the third capacitor is grounded; the signal amplification circuit module includes: a positive input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the second end of the eighth resistor and the first end of the ninth resistor, and a negative input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the second end of the seventh resistor; a tenth resistor and an eleventh resistor, wherein a first end of the tenth resistor is connected to the negative input end of the operational amplifier and a second end of the seventh resistor, a second end of the tenth resistor is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor, a third node is arranged between the second end of the tenth resistor and the first end of the eleventh resistor, the third node is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and a second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the controller; and a first end of the fourth capacitor is connected with a second end of the eleventh resistor, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ac contactor module comprises: the alternating current contactor comprises a first coil and a first switch, wherein the first end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the alternating current power supply, the second end of the first switch is connected with the first input end of the rectifying circuit module, and the first end of the first coil is connected with the first end of the alternating current power supply; the relay comprises a second switch and a second coil, wherein a first end of the second switch is connected with a second end of the alternating current power supply, a second end of the second switch is connected with a second end of the first coil, a first end of the second coil is connected with a preset power supply, and a second end of the second coil is connected with the controller; the controller is used for controlling the second coil to be powered off when the power is on and controlling the second coil to be powered on when the input current is limited.
In some embodiments of the invention, the PFC circuit block comprises: the first end of the inductor is connected with the first output end of the rectifying circuit module, the second end of the inductor is connected with the positive end of the diode, the negative end of the diode is connected with the first end of the electrolytic capacitor module, and a fourth node is arranged between the second end of the inductor and the positive end of the diode; a twelfth resistor, a first end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the second output end of the rectifier circuit module, and a second end of the twentieth resistor is connected with the second end of the electrolytic capacitor module; a first end of the switch tube is connected with the fourth node, a second end of the switch tube is connected with a second end of the twelfth resistor and a second end of the electrolytic capacitor module, and a control end of the switch tube is connected with the controller; the controller is used for stopping sending a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal to the switching tube when the undervoltage is determined to occur.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an under-voltage protection method of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of an AC voltage value according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an under-voltage protection method of an air conditioner according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage acquisition module according to one embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
an air conditioner 100;
the device comprises a rectifier circuit module 1, an alternating current contactor module 2, a PTC module 3, a PFC circuit module 4, an electrolytic capacitor module 5, a power module 6, a compressor 7, a voltage acquisition module 8, a controller 9 and a signal amplification circuit module 10;
the circuit comprises an alternating current power supply AC, an alternating current contactor RL, a relay K, a first coil N1, a second coil N2, a first switch K1, a second switch K2, an operational amplifier P, an inductor L1, a diode D1, a switching tube Q1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R, an eighth resistor R, a ninth resistor R, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, an electrolytic capacitor C, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a first node N1, a second node N2, a third node N3 and a fourth node N4.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, the embodiments described with reference to the drawings being illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
An under-voltage protection method of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of an air conditioner under-voltage protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the air conditioner under-voltage protection method at least includes steps S1-S4, which are described as follows.
And S1, acquiring an alternating current voltage value.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining an alternating voltage value, wherein the step of obtaining the alternating voltage value comprises the step of collecting an absolute value of an alternating voltage instantaneous value according to a preset sampling frequency and preset sampling times of each electric cycle. Specifically, the value of the preset sampling frequency F is 14K or more and F or less and 18K or less, and the value of the preset sampling time T in each electrical cycle is 310 times or more and T or less and 330 times or less. Preferably, the preset sampling frequency F may be set to 16K, and the preset number of samples T per electrical cycle may be set to 320.
More specifically, a voltage acquisition module or a voltage acquisition circuit may be configured to be connected to two ends of the ac power source to obtain the ac voltage value in real time, for example, the ac voltage value may be obtained according to an algorithm shown in formula (1-1), where Vac is the ac voltage value, k is a coefficient, the value of k may be calculated according to specifications and parameters of components in the voltage acquisition module or the voltage acquisition circuit, and U is a value calculated according to the specification and parameters of the components in the voltage acquisition module or the voltage acquisition circuitLAnd UNRespectively, the voltage values output from the two ends of the alternating current power supply.
Vac＝1.65V+k·(UL-UN) Formula (1-1)
And S2, determining that the alternating voltage value is smaller than a preset undervoltage threshold value.
When the air conditioner works normally, the alternating voltage value is obtained, the peak value of the alternating voltage value is obtained, and the product of the peak value of the alternating voltage and the sine value of the preset electrical angle is used as the preset undervoltage threshold value. Specifically, the preset under-voltage threshold may be obtained according to the algorithm shown in equation (1-2), where Vset represents the preset under-voltage threshold, Vac is a peak value in the ac voltage sampling value, and ω t is a preset electrical angle. The preset electrical angle ω t may be set as required, for example, a position at the time when the preset electrical angle ω t is equal to 10 °, or 20 °, or 30 ° or 60 ° may be used for calculation, so as to obtain the corresponding preset undervoltage threshold Vset. More specifically, the preset undervoltage threshold Vset may also be stored, so that the preset undervoltage threshold Vset may be called directly when the subsequently obtained ac voltage peak is compared with the preset undervoltage threshold.
Vset ═ Vac ═ sin ω t formula (1-2)
Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of an ac voltage value according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the waveform of the ac voltage value obtained when the air conditioner is in normal operation is a sine waveform, the preset under-voltage threshold is obtained according to the algorithm shown in equation (1-2), and the obtained preset under-voltage threshold is smaller than the peak value of the ac voltage value.
In an embodiment, when undervoltage occurs, such as a voltage drop experiment is performed, or a voltage drop occurs, the voltage of the dc bus is reduced, for example, when the PFC circuit normally operates, the ac power supply is configured to output 220V ac power with a period of 5Hz, and if the output voltage of the ac power supply drops to 40% according to a standard, that is, 88V, it is determined that the value of the ac voltage collected at this time is smaller than a preset undervoltage threshold, and then it is determined that undervoltage occurs.
And S3, recording the continuous times that the alternating voltage value is smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold value. When the PFC circuit normally works, the collected alternating voltage value is compared with a preset undervoltage threshold value, when the alternating voltage value is smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold value, an undervoltage counter can be set to be increased by 1, and when the PFC circuit is not started, the undervoltage counter is set to be reset, and undervoltage faults are not effective.
And S4, determining that the continuous times exceed a preset time threshold, and controlling a PFC circuit of the air conditioner to be closed.
In the embodiment, for example, when the ac power supply is used to output 220V ac power with a period of 5Hz, and the output voltage of the ac power supply drops to 40% or 88V according to the standard, and needs to last 10 periods or 50Hz or 12 periods or 60Hz, the ac contactor itself may jump off due to low voltage and long duration, if the protection is not timely, the dc bus voltage may quickly drop to be very low, the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor in the circuit may also drop to be very low, and after the ac voltage recovers, a large impact current may be generated, which may easily cause the electrolytic capacitor to break down, damage the device, and thus the protection needs to be timely performed.
The preset time threshold can be set as required, and is set to be 30 times, 40 times, 50 times and the like, for example, the preset time threshold can be set to be 45 times, when the alternating voltage value is determined to be smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold, the response can be carried out in one electric cycle of undervoltage, the response is rapid, and the circuit can be protected in time. And when power failure protection is carried out, the PWM signal can be stopped being sent to the switch tube in the PFC circuit, and then the PFC circuit of the air conditioner is controlled to be closed, so that the voltage of the direct current bus is reduced a little. When the alternating current voltage recovers and the alternating current contactor can be attracted again, the alternating current power supply directly charges the electrolytic capacitor in the circuit without passing through the PTC module, at the moment, the voltage of the direct current bus is reduced a little, the residual voltage in the electrolytic capacitor is high, and in the process of recharging, the impact current is very small, so that the reliability of the device is ensured.
According to the air conditioner under-voltage protection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, by acquiring the alternating voltage value, when under-voltage occurs, the alternating voltage value is determined to be smaller than the preset under-voltage threshold value and reach the preset time threshold value, the response is fast, and the circuit can be protected in time. And when power failure protection is carried out, the PFC circuit is controlled to be closed, so that the reduction degree of the voltage of the direct current bus is effectively controlled, and higher voltage can be stored in the electrolytic capacitor, so that after the voltage is recovered, the voltage difference between the voltage in the electrolytic capacitor and the voltage of the direct current bus is smaller, the impact of power supply current can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of a device is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a flowchart of an air conditioner under-voltage protection method according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown, where after determining that the consecutive times exceed the preset time threshold, the air conditioner under-voltage protection method further includes step S5, which is described in detail below.
And S5, performing undervoltage fault alarm.
Specifically, a reminding device can be arranged in the air conditioner, and after the fact that the number of continuous times exceeds a preset number threshold is determined, the reminding device can remind a user in a mode of displaying a fault code or prompting by sound or sending a wireless reminding signal and the like so as to inform the user that the air conditioner has an undervoltage fault and needs to be checked or maintained, and the safety is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, an air conditioner 10 is further proposed, as shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the air conditioner 100 includes a rectifier circuit module 1, an ac contactor module 2, a PTC module 3, a PFC circuit module 4, an electrolytic capacitor module 5, a power module 6, a compressor 7, a voltage acquisition module 8, and a controller 9.
The first input end of the rectifier circuit module 1 is connected with the first end of the alternating current power supply AC, and the second input end of the rectifier circuit module 1 is connected with the second end of the alternating current power supply AC. The rectifier circuit module 1 may include a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes, and since the diodes have a characteristic of unidirectional conduction, only two diodes operate at the same time in each duty cycle of the rectifier bridge, so that the alternating current can be converted into unidirectional direct current, and when the rectifier bridge is connected to the alternating current power supply AC, the alternating current whose level of the alternating current power supply AC input floats up and down at a zero point can be rectified and converted into unidirectional direct current.
The AC contactor module 2 is disposed between the first input terminal of the rectifier circuit module 1 and the first terminal of the AC power source AC. The PTC module 3 is connected in parallel with the AC contactor module 2, when the power is on, the AC contactor module 2 is disconnected, and when the input current is limited, the AC contactor module 2 is closed to bypass the PTC module 3.
In some embodiments, the ac contactor module 2 includes an ac contactor RL and a relay K. Specifically, the alternating current contactor RL and the relay K control mechanical contacts to achieve the on-off purpose by utilizing the electromagnetic effect. The alternating current contactor RL comprises a first coil N1 and a first switch K1, a first end of the first switch K1 is connected with a first end of the alternating current power supply AC, a second end of the first switch K1 is connected with a first input end of the rectifying circuit module 1, and a first end of the first coil N1 is connected with a first end of the alternating current power supply AC. The relay K includes a second switch K2 and a second coil N2, a first end of the second switch K2 is connected with a second end of the alternating current power supply AC, a second end of the second switch K2 is connected with a second end of the first coil N1, a first end of the second coil N2 is connected with a preset power supply, and a second end of the second coil N2 is connected with the controller 9. The preset power supply can adopt a 12V power supply.
Specifically, after the system is powered on, the AC contactor module 2 is turned off, and since the PTC module 3 is connected in parallel with the AC contactor module 2 and the second switch K2 is in an off state, at this time, the AC power output by the AC power supply AC reaches the rectifier circuit module 1 through the PTC module 3 to be rectified. When the input current needs to be limited, a preset power supply supplies power to the second coil N2 of the relay K, the second coil N2 is electrified to generate a magnetic field to adsorb the armature in the second switch K2, and the armature in the second switch K2 acts to close the second switch K2. After the second switch K2 is closed, the circuit where the first coil N1 is located is turned on, the first coil N1 is powered by the AC power supply AC, the first coil N1 is powered on to generate a magnetic field to attract the armature in the first switch K1, the circuit where the first switch K1 is located is turned on after the first switch K1 is closed, the AC power output by the AC power supply AC does not flow through the PTC module 3 any more, but reaches the rectifier circuit module 1 through the first switch K1 to be rectified, and further the PTC module 3 is short-circuited.
More specifically, when an undervoltage occurs, such as a voltage sag test or a voltage sag condition, the first switch K1 in the ac contactor RL is automatically opened, and after the ac voltage is restored, the ac contactor RL is again closed.
The input end of the PFC circuit module 4 is connected with the output end of the rectification circuit module 1. When a phase difference exists between a current waveform and a voltage waveform of the input alternating current, the loss of the exchange power is caused, and when the PFC circuit module 4 is started, the input current waveform can be controlled to be synchronous with the input voltage waveform, so that the power factor is improved, and the loss of the exchange power is reduced. When the PFC circuit module 4 is not turned on, the air conditioner under-voltage protection method of the above embodiment is not performed.
The electrolytic capacitor module 5 is connected to the output terminal of the PFC circuit module 4, wherein the electrolytic capacitor module 5 may include an electrolytic capacitor C, for example, the electrolytic capacitor C may be a wide temperature aluminum electrolytic capacitor CD-263 with a capacitance of 10 μ F. After the system is powered on, when the alternating current contactor module 2 is disconnected, the alternating current power supply AC charges the electrolytic capacitor module 5 through the PTC module 3, and when the alternating current contactor module 2 is closed to cause the PTC module 3 to be bypassed, the alternating current power supply AC directly charges the electrolytic capacitor module 5.
The power module 6 is connected to the electrolytic capacitor module 5 and the compressor 7. The Power Module 6 may be an IPM (Intelligent Power Module) Module, in which a Power switch device and a driving circuit are integrated, and a fault detection circuit such as an overvoltage, an overcurrent, and an overheat is integrated inside the IPM Module, and a detection signal is sent to the controller 9.
The first detection end of the voltage acquisition module 8 is connected with the first input end of the rectifier circuit module 1, and the second detection end of the voltage acquisition module 8 is connected with the second input end of the rectifier circuit module 1 and used for acquiring an alternating voltage value.
Because the alternating current output by the alternating current power supply AC is converted into direct current after being rectified by the rectifier circuit module 1, the detection end of the voltage acquisition module 8 is connected with the input end of the rectifier circuit module 1, namely, the alternating current obtains an alternating voltage value before the alternating current output by the alternating current power supply AC is converted into the direct current. When the PFC circuit module 4 is turned on, the voltage acquisition module 8 may sample the absolute value of the instantaneous voltage value in real time as an acquired ac voltage value under the conditions that the preset sampling frequency F is 16K and the preset sampling number T of times per electrical cycle is 320.
The controller 9 is connected with the output end of the voltage acquisition module 8, the PFC circuit module 4 and the ac contactor module 2, and is configured to control the PFC circuit module 4 according to the air conditioner under-voltage protection method of any one of the above embodiments. In an embodiment, the controller 9 may be an MCU (micro controller Unit) or the like in the air conditioner 100, and may be used to implement functions such as data storage and signal processing.
Specifically, the controller 9 is connected to the AC contactor module 2, and is configured to control the second coil N2 to be powered off when the power is turned on, control the AC power output by the AC power source AC to pass through the PTC module 3 to power the compressor 7, and control the second coil N2 to be powered on when the input current is limited, so as to directly power the compressor 7 by the AC power source AC. The controller 9 is connected with the output end of the voltage acquisition module 8 and is used for acquiring the alternating voltage value acquired by the voltage acquisition module 8. The controller 9 may pre-store a preset undervoltage threshold, the controller 9 may compare the obtained ac voltage value with the preset undervoltage threshold, and when it is determined that the undervoltage protection condition is satisfied, the controller 9 may control the PFC circuit module 4 to stop working, thereby implementing the undervoltage protection method of the air conditioner according to any of the above embodiments, effectively controlling a reduction degree of the dc bus voltage, and ensuring that a higher voltage can be stored in the electrolytic capacitor C, so that when the electrolytic capacitor C is charged again, an impact current of the electrolytic capacitor C is small, and reliability of the device is ensured.
According to the air conditioner 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the voltage acquisition module 8 acquires an alternating voltage value in real time, the controller 9 compares the acquired alternating voltage value with a preset undervoltage threshold value, and when the undervoltage protection condition is determined to be met, the controller 9 can control the PFC circuit module 4 to stop working so as to protect the circuit, thereby effectively controlling the reduction degree of the direct current bus voltage and ensuring that higher voltage can be stored in the electrolytic capacitor module 5, so that the voltage difference between the voltage in the electrolytic capacitor module 5 and the direct current bus voltage is smaller after the voltage is recovered, the impact of the power supply current can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of the device is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the air conditioner 100 further includes a signal amplifying circuit module 10, and the signal amplifying circuit module 10 is connected to the output end of the voltage collecting module 8 and the controller 9, and is configured to amplify the ac voltage value. The signal amplifying circuit module 10 further transmits the amplified ac voltage value to the signal to be transmitted to the controller 9, and the controller 9 may compare the obtained ac voltage value with a preset undervoltage threshold, and execute the undervoltage protection method of the air conditioner according to any of the above embodiments when it is determined that undervoltage occurs.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, a schematic diagram of a voltage acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the voltage acquisition module 8 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R, an eighth resistor R, and a ninth resistor R.
A first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to first input ends of the ac contactor module 2, the PTC module 3, and the rectifier circuit module 1, a second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a first end of the second resistor R2, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a first end of the third resistor R3. A first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second input terminal of the AC power source and rectifier circuit module 1, a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to a first end of the fifth resistor R5, and a second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to a first end of the sixth resistor R6.
The first resistor R1, the second resistor R, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 can all adopt resistors with the resistance value of 549K omega.
A first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3, a second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the signal amplifying circuit module 10, and a first node n1 is provided between the first end of the seventh resistor R7 and the second end of the third resistor 3R. The first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second end of the sixth resistor R6, a second node n2 is provided between the first end of the eighth resistor R8 and the second end of the sixth resistor R6, the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the first end of the ninth resistor R9, and the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to a predetermined power source. The preset power supply can be set to be a 1.65V power supply, the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 can adopt resistors with the resistance value of 1K Ω, and the ninth resistor R9 can adopt resistors with the resistance value of 4.3K Ω.
The voltage acquisition module 8 further includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a third capacitor C3, wherein a first end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, a second end of the first capacitor C2 is connected to a first node n1, a first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a first node n1, a second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a second node n2, a first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to a second node n2, and a second end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.
In an embodiment, the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 may each have a capacitance of 2.2nF, and the second capacitor C2 may have a capacitance of 100 pF.
Specifically, for example, when the parameter device is applied to the voltage acquisition module 8 and the preset power supply adopts a 1.65V power supply for power supply, the ac voltage value acquired by the voltage acquisition module 8 can be calculated according to the algorithm shown in the formula (1-1)
And according to the algorithm shown in the formula (1-2) and the alternating current waveform shown in the figure 2, selecting the position with the preset electrical angle ω t equal to 10 degrees for calculation, and further obtaining the preset electrical angle ω tLet the undervoltage threshold Vset be Vac sin10 °
In some embodiments, the signal amplification circuit module 10 includes an op amp P, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, and a fourth capacitor C4.
The positive input end of the operational amplifier P is connected with the second end of the eighth resistor R and the first end of the ninth resistor R, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier P is connected with the second end of the seventh resistor R. The operational amplifier P is grounded and can be supplied with power by a 3.3V power supply. A first end of a tenth resistor R10 is connected to the negative input end of the operational amplifier P and a second end of the seventh resistor R7, a second end of a tenth resistor R10 is connected to a first end of an eleventh resistor R11, a third node n3 is provided between the second end of the tenth resistor R10 and the first end of the eleventh resistor R11, the third node n3 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier P, a second end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the controller 9, the tenth resistor R10 may be a resistor having a resistance of 4.3K Ω, and the eleventh resistor R11 may be a resistor having a resistance of 510K Ω. The first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the second terminal of the eleventh resistor R11, the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, and the fourth capacitor C4 may have a capacitance of 1 nF.
Specifically, the ac voltage value collected by the voltage collection module 8 is amplified by the operational amplifier P, the tenth resistor R10, and the eleventh resistor R11, and then filtered by the fourth capacitor C4, and then is transmitted to the controller 9, and the controller 9 may compare the obtained ac voltage value with a preset under-voltage threshold, and execute the air conditioner under-voltage protection method according to any of the above embodiments when it is determined that under-voltage occurs.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the PFC circuit module 3 includes an inductor L1, a diode D1, a twelfth resistor R12, and a switching tube Q1.
The first end of the inductor L1 is connected with the first output end of the rectifier circuit module 1, the second end of the inductor L1 is connected with the positive end of the diode D1, the negative end of the diode D1 is connected with the first end of the electrolytic capacitor module 5, and a fourth node n4 is arranged between the second end of the inductor D1 and the positive end of the diode D1. The first end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected with the second output end of the rectifier circuit module 1, and the second end of the twentieth resistor R12 is connected with the second end of the electrolytic capacitor module 5. A first end of the switching tube Q1 is connected to the fourth node n4, a second end of the switching tube Q1 is connected to a second end of the twelfth resistor R12 and a second end of the electrolytic capacitor module 5, and a control end of the switching tube Q1 is connected to the controller 9.
The controller 9 is configured to stop sending the PWM signal to the switching tube Q1 when it is determined that the undervoltage occurs.
Specifically, when undervoltage occurs, the first switch K1 in the AC contactor RL is automatically turned off, the AC power supply AC supplies power to the electrolytic capacitor module 5 through the PTC module 3, which causes the dc bus voltage to decrease, the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor C is low, and the controller 9 controls the PFC module 3 to turn off at this time, and stops sending the PWM signal to the switching tube Q1, so that the dc bus voltage decreases less. When the alternating voltage is recovered, the alternating current contactor RL can be attracted again, the alternating current power supply AC does not directly charge the electrolytic capacitor C through the PTC module 3, and at the moment, because the direct current bus voltage is reduced a little and the residual voltage in the electrolytic capacitor C is high, the impact current is very small when the electrolytic capacitor C is charged again, and the reliability of the device is further ensured.
Other configurations and operations of the air conditioner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An air conditioner under-voltage protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an alternating voltage value;
determining that the alternating voltage value is smaller than a preset undervoltage threshold value;
recording the continuous times that the alternating voltage value is smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold value;
and determining that the continuous times exceed a preset time threshold value, and controlling a PFC circuit of the air conditioner to be closed.
2. The undervoltage protection method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the ac voltage value comprises: and acquiring the absolute value of the instantaneous value of the alternating voltage at a preset sampling frequency and the preset sampling times of each electrical cycle.
3. An air conditioner under-voltage protection method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the preset under-voltage threshold is a product of the alternating voltage value and a sine value of a preset electrical angle, and the preset under-voltage threshold is smaller than a peak value of the alternating voltage value.
4. The undervoltage protection method of claim 2, wherein the predetermined sampling frequency F is equal to or greater than 14K and equal to or less than 18K, and the predetermined number of sampling times T per electrical cycle is equal to or less than 310 and equal to or less than 330.
5. The undervoltage protection method of claim 1, wherein after determining that the consecutive number of times exceeds a preset number of times threshold, further comprising: and carrying out undervoltage fault alarm.
6. An air conditioner, comprising:
the first input end of the rectifying circuit module is connected with the first end of the alternating current power supply, and the second input end of the rectifying circuit module is connected with the second end of the alternating current power supply;
an AC contactor module disposed between a first input terminal of the rectifier circuit module and a first end of the AC power supply;
the PTC module is connected with the alternating current contactor module in parallel, the alternating current contactor module is disconnected when the alternating current contactor module is powered on, and the alternating current contactor module is closed to bypass the PTC module when the input current is limited;
the input end of the PFC circuit module is connected with the output end of the rectification circuit module;
the electrolytic capacitor module is connected with the output end of the PFC circuit module;
the power module is connected with the electrolytic capacitor module and the compressor;
the first detection end of the voltage acquisition module is connected with the first input end of the rectifier circuit module, and the second detection end of the voltage acquisition module is connected with the second input end of the rectifier circuit module and used for acquiring an alternating-current voltage value;
the controller is connected with the output end of the voltage acquisition module, the PFC circuit module and the AC contactor module and is used for controlling the PFC circuit module according to the air conditioner under-voltage protection method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The air conditioner according to claim 6, further comprising:
and the signal amplification circuit module is connected with the output end of the voltage acquisition module and the controller and is used for amplifying the alternating voltage value.
8. The air conditioner according to claim 7,
the voltage acquisition module includes:
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the first input ends of the alternating current contactor module, the PTC module and the rectifying circuit module, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the third resistor;
the first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the alternating current power supply and the second input end of the rectifier circuit module, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor;
a first end of the seventh resistor is connected with a second end of the third resistor, a second end of the seventh resistor is connected with the signal amplification circuit module, and a first node is arranged between the first end of the seventh resistor and the second end of the third resistor;
the first end of the eighth resistor is connected with the second end of the sixth resistor, a second node is arranged between the first end of the eighth resistor and the second end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the eighth resistor is connected with the first end of the ninth resistor, and the second end of the ninth resistor is connected with a preset power supply;
the first end of the first capacitor is grounded, the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first node, the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the first node, the second end of the second capacitor is connected with the second node, the first end of the third capacitor is connected with the second node, and the second end of the third capacitor is grounded;
the signal amplification circuit module includes:
a positive input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the second end of the eighth resistor and the first end of the ninth resistor, and a negative input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the second end of the seventh resistor;
a tenth resistor and an eleventh resistor, wherein a first end of the tenth resistor is connected to the negative input end of the operational amplifier and a second end of the seventh resistor, a second end of the tenth resistor is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor, a third node is arranged between the second end of the tenth resistor and the first end of the eleventh resistor, the third node is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and a second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the controller;
and a first end of the fourth capacitor is connected with a second end of the eleventh resistor, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.
9. The air conditioner according to claim 6, wherein the ac contactor module comprises:
the alternating current contactor comprises a first coil and a first switch, wherein the first end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the alternating current power supply, the second end of the first switch is connected with the first input end of the rectifying circuit module, and the first end of the first coil is connected with the first end of the alternating current power supply;
the relay comprises a second switch and a second coil, wherein a first end of the second switch is connected with a second end of the alternating current power supply, a second end of the second switch is connected with a second end of the first coil, a first end of the second coil is connected with a preset power supply, and a second end of the second coil is connected with the controller;
the controller is used for controlling the second coil to be powered off when the power is on and controlling the second coil to be powered on when the input current is limited.
10. The air conditioner of claim 6, wherein the PFC circuit module comprises:
the first end of the inductor is connected with the first output end of the rectifying circuit module, the second end of the inductor is connected with the positive end of the diode, the negative end of the diode is connected with the first end of the electrolytic capacitor module, and a fourth node is arranged between the second end of the inductor and the positive end of the diode;
a twelfth resistor, a first end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the second output end of the rectifier circuit module, and a second end of the twentieth resistor is connected with the second end of the electrolytic capacitor module;
a first end of the switch tube is connected with the fourth node, a second end of the switch tube is connected with a second end of the twelfth resistor and a second end of the electrolytic capacitor module, and a control end of the switch tube is connected with the controller;
the controller is used for stopping sending the PWM signal to the switching tube when the undervoltage is determined to occur.
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