Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for doping BF in lead-based perovskite crystal4A method of constructing a unit cell of a radical, the methodThe method comprises the following steps: finding CsPbBr from Open source crystal Database Crystallography Open Database3The structure file of (1); CsPbBr obtained by opening Materials Studio software3Replacing the 4C occupied Br atom with a C atom in the cif structural file, and filling the C atom with a hydrogen atom to obtain an H atom coordinate; materials Studio software opens another CsPbBr3Replacing the occupied Br atom of 4c with a B atom; the H atom coordinate obtained above was taken as the coordinate of the F atom to which 4F atoms were added, and finally a BF was formed in the vicinity of the B atom4A tetrahedron; performing structure optimization calculation on the obtained lattice structure through a first-nature principle software package VASP (value-added-value) to obtain CsPbBr with reasonable bond angle and bond length2BF4The unit cell solves the problem that the traditional modeling method cannot perform doping modeling without experimental data, and is conveniently and quickly applied to a first principle method for exploring BF doping of lead-based perovskite crystals4In the research of the change rule of related properties after the groups.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted:
BF doping in lead-based perovskite crystal4A method of constructing a unit cell of a group comprising the steps of:
step S1: finding CsPbBr from Open source crystal Database Crystallography Open Database3Cif to obtain results of lattice parameters;
step S2: opening the obtained CsPbBr by software3Finding 4C-occupied Br atoms, replacing the Br atoms with C atoms, filling hydrogen atoms into the C atoms, and recording four H atom coordinates around one of the C atoms;
step S3: CsPbBr opening by software3Finding the 4c occupied Br atom again, replacing the Br atom with a B atom, and keeping the space group with the same lattice structure in subsequent operation;
step S4: adding 4F atoms to the H atom coordinate obtained in the step 3 as the coordinate of the F atom, and finally forming a BF in the vicinity of the B atom4A tetrahedron;
step S5: carrying out structure on the lattice structure obtained in the step 4Optimized calculation to obtain CsPbBr with reasonable key angle and key length2BF4A unit cell.
Further, CsPbBr in the step S13Is Pnma.
Further, the result of the lattice parameter in step S1 is:
Pb:x=0.00000,y=0.00000,z=0.00000;4a
Cs:x=-0.46900,y=0.25000,z=0.00702;4c
Br1:x=0.29347,y=0.47611,z=0.20607;8d
Br2:x=0.00370,y=0.75000,z=0.04550;4c。
further, the operation method for filling the C atoms with hydrogen atoms in step S2 is as follows: the Symmetry of the structure is removed, and Build-Symmetry-Make P1 is added with hydrogen atoms by point Auto-update-hydrogen.
Further, the software in the step S2 is Materials Studio software.
Further, the software in the step S3 is Materials Studio software.
Further, in step S3, the space group is Pnma.
Further, the calculation method for performing structure optimization on the lattice structure in step S5 is a VASP method by a first principles software package.
The method solves the problem that the traditional modeling method cannot carry out doping modeling without experimental data, and is conveniently and quickly applied to the first principle method for exploring BF doping of lead-based perovskite crystals4In the research of the change rule of related properties after the groups.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
provides a method for doping BF in lead-based perovskite crystal4A method of constructing a unit cell of a group, the method comprising: finding CsPbBr from Open source crystal Database Crystallography Open Database3The structure file of (1); materialsCsPbBr obtained by opening Studio software3Replacing the 4C occupied Br atom with a C atom in the cif structural file, and filling the C atom with a hydrogen atom to obtain an H atom coordinate; materials Studio software opens another CsPbBr3Replacing the occupied Br atom of 4c with a B atom; the H atom coordinate obtained above was taken as the coordinate of the F atom to which 4F atoms were added, and finally a BF was formed in the vicinity of the B atom4A tetrahedron; performing structure optimization calculation on the obtained lattice structure through a first-nature principle software package VASP (value-added-value) to obtain CsPbBr with reasonable bond angle and bond length2BF4The unit cell solves the problem that the traditional modeling method cannot perform doping modeling without experimental data, and is conveniently and quickly applied to a first principle method for exploring BF doping of lead-based perovskite crystals4In the research of the change rule of related properties after the groups. The effect of getting twice the result with half the effort can be obtained by theoretically predicting various properties of the new material. The lattice structure of the doped new material is not obtained from experimental tests, and can be obtained by modeling and theoretical calculation, so that a foundation is laid for the subsequent theoretical research.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, without limiting the scope of the invention to the following:
in order to better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the operation process is described as follows:
example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, a process for doping BF into lead-based perovskite crystal4A method of constructing a unit cell of a group, the method comprising in particular the steps of:
step S1: finding CsPbBr from Open source crystal Database Crystallography Open Database3Cif to obtain results of lattice parameters;
step S2: opening the obtained CsPbBr by software3Finding 4C-occupied Br atoms, replacing the Br atoms with C atoms, filling hydrogen atoms into the C atoms, and recording four H atom coordinates around one of the C atoms;
step S3: CsPbBr opening by software3Finding the 4c occupied Br atom again, replacing the Br atom with a B atom, and keeping the space group with the same lattice structure in subsequent operation;
step S4: adding 4F atoms to the H atom coordinate obtained in the step 3 as the coordinate of the F atom, and finally forming a BF in the vicinity of the B atom4A tetrahedron;
step S5: performing structure optimization calculation on the lattice structure obtained in the step 4 to obtain CsPbBr with reasonable bond angle and bond length2BF4A unit cell.
Further, CsPbBr in the step S13Is Pnma.
Further, the result of the lattice parameter in step S1 is:
Pb:x=0.00000,y=0.00000,z=0.00000;4a
Cs:x=-0.46900,y=0.25000,z=0.00702;4c
Br1:x=0.29347,y=0.47611,z=0.20607;8d
Br2:x=0.00370,y=0.75000,z=0.04550;4c。
further, the operation method for filling the C atoms with hydrogen atoms in step S2 is as follows: the Symmetry of the structure is removed, and Build-Symmetry-Make P1 is added with hydrogen atoms by point Auto-update-hydrogen.
Further, the software in the step S2 is Materials Studio software.
Further, the software in the step S3 is Materials Studio software.
Further, in step S3, the space group is Pnma.
Further, the calculation method for performing structure optimization on the lattice structure in step S5 is a VASP method by a first principles software package.
And calculating to obtain the formation energy of all the vacancies according to the energies, and analyzing the formation characteristics of the vacancies and the influence factors on the vacancy formation from different angles such as atom types, atom numbers and the like in the local environment.
Specific examples are:
s1 finding CsPbBr from Open source crystal Database Crystallography Open Database3The cif structure file (space group Pnma), as shown in FIG. 2, yields lattice parameters as:
Pb:x=0.00000,y=0.00000,z=0.00000;4a
Cs:x=-0.46900,y=0.25000,z=0.00702;4c
Br1:x=0.29347,y=0.47611,z=0.20607;8d
Br2:x=0.00370,y=0.75000,z=0.04550;4c
s2, first establishing CsPbBr2BF4Doping structure: opening the obtained CsPbBr by using Materials Studio software3Cif structural file, find the 4C-occupied Br atom and replace it with a C atom, as shown in fig. 3. The Symmetry of the structure is eliminated, namely, the Build-Symmetry-Make P1 and the point Auto-update-hydrogen fills the C atoms with hydrogen atoms, and the coordinates of four H atoms around one of the C atoms are recorded as shown in FIG. 4. Here, the coordinates of H atom in the vicinity of C atom with x being 0.5037, y being 0.7500, and z being 0.4545 are:
H1:x=0.45761,y=0.81476,z=0.54720;
H2:x=0.45761,y=0.77370,z=0.32786;
H3:x=0.45761,y=0.66153,z=0.48843;
H4:x=0.64198,y=0.75000,z=0.45450;
s3 opening CsPbBr by using Materials Studio software3Finding the 4c occupied Br atom again, and replacing the Br atom with a B atom, as shown in FIG. 5, wherein the space group of the lattice structure is still Pnma, and the space group of the lattice structure is kept the same in all the following operations;
s4, adding F atoms in the structure: the H atom coordinates obtained above were added with 4F atoms as the coordinates of the F atom. Due to the symmetry of the unit cell structure, two F atoms may be added when inputting a coordinate, and then two F atom coordinates may be input to finally form a BF in the vicinity of the B atom4A tetrahedron.
S5, performing structure optimization calculation on the lattice structure obtained in the last step through a first-nature principle software package VASP to obtain CsPbBr with reasonable bond angle bond length2BF4A unit cell.
And calculating to obtain the formation energy of all the vacancies according to the energies, and analyzing the formation characteristics of the vacancies and the influence factors on the vacancy formation from different angles such as atom types, atom numbers and the like in the local environment.
This step described in step S2 is to obtain a tetrahedral structure with a body center of a C atom, and to obtain coordinates of H atoms forming a tetrahedron.
In step S3, a part of Br atoms is replaced with B atoms and doping is performed.
Step S4 is to add F atoms around the B atoms of the lattice structure obtained in step S3 to obtain BF4A tetrahedral group.
Step S5 is to obtain CsPbBr with reasonable bond length2BF4A unit cell. Since the bond length and bond angle in the resulting structure from the previous step are based on CH4The groups are derived and need to be computationally optimized.
In conclusion, the invention discloses a method for doping BF in lead-based perovskite crystal4A method of constructing a unit cell of a group, the method comprising: finding CsPbBr from Open source crystal Database Crystallography Open Database3The structure file of (1); CsPbBr obtained by opening Materials Studio software3Replacing the 4C occupied Br atom with a C atom in the cif structural file, and filling the C atom with a hydrogen atom to obtain an H atom coordinate; materials Studio software opens another CsPbBr3Replacing the occupied Br atom of 4c with a B atom; the H atom coordinate obtained above was taken as the coordinate of the F atom to which 4F atoms were added, and finally a BF was formed in the vicinity of the B atom4A tetrahedron; performing structure optimization calculation on the obtained lattice structure through a first-nature principle software package VASP (value-added-value) to obtain CsPbBr with reasonable bond angle and bond length2BF4The unit cell solves the problem that the traditional modeling method cannot perform doping modeling without experimental data, and is conveniently and quickly applied to a first principle method for exploring BF doping of lead-based perovskite crystals4In the research of the change rule of related properties after the groups. The effect of getting twice the result with half the effort can be obtained by theoretically predicting various properties of the new material. The lattice structure of the doped new material is not obtained from experimental tests, and can be obtained by modeling and theoretical calculation, so that a foundation is laid for the subsequent theoretical research.
Thus, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications can be made which conform to the principles of the invention, as may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.