CN113870534A - Structural design method of explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood - Google Patents
Structural design method of explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
- G01N33/227—Explosives, e.g. combustive properties thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
- G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
- G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
Abstract
The invention discloses a structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood by combining the current development trend of electronic sensing technology. The fume hood has the function of detecting the concentration of highly toxic, flammable and explosive gases in the air in real time, and feeds back the gas data to a touch control screen for rendering display in real time through a built-in algorithm through a sensor data protocol. Meanwhile, the fume hood has a danger sensing function and an emergency danger avoiding function when an explosion occurs, can realize the function of emergency exhaust after the concentration of combustible and highly toxic gas reaches a danger threshold value, and also can realize the function of driving the stepping motor to enable the explosion-proof vertical sliding door to slide down quickly through the flame/air pressure sensor in the moment of the occurrence of the dangerous explosion, thereby further safety protection is carried out on experimenters, and the experimenters are prevented from being damaged once and twice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel intelligent fume hood structural design, in particular to a structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood.
Background
Large-scale environmental test equipment such as fume hoods and the like is the largest industry of laboratory instruments, more than 100 production enterprises are registered in China, most of large-scale enterprises for manufacturing laboratory instrument equipment are concentrated in the industry, 6-7 enterprises with the production value of more than 1 hundred million are enterprises with the scale, and the large-scale environmental test equipment is environmental test equipment required by production of national defense, aerospace, transportation, industry, agriculture, science and medical health departments in China, and a part of products are close to or reach the world advanced level in quality and performance in recent years. However, under the background of the current times, laboratory safety accidents and chemical production accidents of colleges and universities and large-scale chemical and biopharmaceutical enterprises increase year by year, a warning clock is sounded for manufacturing large-scale environmental test equipment, a novel design of a highly intelligent fume hood is urgently needed in the market, and particularly, the research and development of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood are promoted. We have observed that many famous instrument companies from abroad are also advancing to such markets by virtue of technical and brand advantages, and thus combine colleges and universities in our country with the large environment of enterprise laboratories. It is considered necessary to combine the current advanced electronic technology and sensing technology to further advance the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood of the new generation.
At present, manufacturers of large-scale environmental test equipment at home and abroad control and manage experimental equipment by adopting a single-chip microcomputer technology, wherein a Fume hood structure with leading technology in the whole industry is designed into Fume-cupboard series products produced by TopAir Systems Inc in the United states. The system applies a high-performance processor based on ARMv7 series, adopts an embedded technology to construct a fume hood system OS, and can realize integral intelligent management through an external capacitive touch display screen. But the defect is obvious, the improvement of the system is only to simply upgrade the control system into a higher-level singlechip, but neglects the most attention-needing problem in a laboratory, namely the laboratory environment safety. The disclosure shows that this set of systems does not have the capability of a sensor to detect gas components in a laboratory environment. And the fume hood is too expensive to sell and does not have price advantage. The actual requirements of various scientific research institutions and various enterprises in the market cannot be met.
Mention an intelligent fume hood in chinese patent CN212310368U, accessible STM32F42 is connected pyroelectric infrared sensor and is carried out coordinated control with perpendicular sliding door motor unit, has carried out the intelligent transformation of laboratory fume hood to a certain extent, but this utility model does not have harmful gas sensing unit, and unable perception outside gas environment changes, has only used infrared sensor, through the air extraction volume of perception increase fume hood fan in the environment that the human body exists. If flammable and explosive gases or highly toxic and highly corrosive gases appear in the environment, the fume hood cannot be used for safe and effective risk avoiding operation, and further cannot ensure the life safety of personnel. And the processor used by the utility model of chinese patent CN212310368U has weak performance, no capability of remotely updating internal algorithm, no built-in system, and no external control panel. The difference of the technology level of the intelligent field related by the invention is large.
Further, mention a novel fume hood of lower intellectuality in chinese patent CN207372009U, this utility model only realizes the functions such as the gas defense and acid defense of fume hood and anticorrosive gas overflow through the structural design of fume hood, does not use any electronic technology to assist the completion to detect the gaseous environment state of fume hood, can't realize completely that the perception and the emergence of taking precautions against danger are come through the design in advance of fume hood, also do not carry out any intelligent transformation in the aspect of protecting the health and safety of experimenter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention combines the current scientific and technological development trend to meet the actual requirements of scientific research institutions of various colleges and universities on intelligent large-scale scientific research equipment, thereby developing a highly intelligent explosion-proof type harmful gas detection fume hood. The fume hood has the function of detecting the concentration of highly toxic, flammable and explosive gases in the air in real time, and feeds back the gas data to a touch control screen for rendering display in real time through a built-in algorithm through a sensor data protocol. Meanwhile, the fume hood has a danger sensing function and an emergency danger avoiding function when an explosion occurs, so that the explosion-proof vertical sliding door can slide down quickly by driving the stepping motor through the flame/air pressure sensor in the moment of the occurrence of the dangerous explosion, and further safety protection for experimenters is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood comprises a main frame structure using a cold-rolled steel high-temperature curing anti-corrosion plate, a novel glass fiber alumina epoxy anti-corrosion physicochemical plate table structure and a vertical sliding door structure of a light-transmitting explosion-proof panel; LED alarm lamps, a first gas sensor air inlet channel, a second gas sensor air inlet channel and an IPS touch control panel are arranged on two side panels of the fume hood; a first gas sensor module and a core controller are arranged on the inner side of a left side panel of the fume hood; a second gas sensor module is arranged inside the right panel of the fume hood; a flame/air pressure explosion sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the fume hood; the upper part of the fume hood is provided with a vertical sliding door transmission mechanism, and a limiting motor is arranged in the vertical sliding door transmission mechanism; an air outlet and a built-in wind power motor are arranged at the top of the fume hood, and a wind speed sensor is arranged at the air outlet.
Furthermore, the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood adopts 1.5mm cold rolled steel to be sprayed with an anticorrosive surface material based on epoxy resin and independent research and development after pickling and phosphating, and an anticorrosive plate is manufactured after high-temperature curing and baking to be assembled. The table structure is constructed by adopting a self-developed physicochemical plate which mainly comprises glass fibers and aluminum oxide and is formed by high-temperature baking after spraying epoxy resin and pressing.
Furthermore, a core controller in the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood is respectively in wired connection with the IPS touch control panel, the limit motor, the wind speed sensor, the built-in wind power motor, the first gas sensor module, the second gas sensor module and the LED alarm lamp through terminals, and is in wireless connection with the flame/air pressure explosion sensor through a Zigbee communication protocol. The whole hardware circuit layout of the core controller is independently designed, has independent intellectual property rights, can execute a highly intelligent algorithm, is internally provided with a sensing unit, a communication unit, an execution unit and the like, can upload fume hood information to a cloud management platform in real time, and realizes functions of remote monitoring, control, early warning and the like.
Furthermore, an IPS touch control panel in the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood is connected to the core controller through LVDS, I2C port or HDMI port, so as to render a GUI interface of a self-research system designed in the core controller in real time, and display and operate parameters and actuators of various sensors of the fume hood.
Furthermore, the main body inside the flame/air pressure explosion sensor in the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood is a combined structure of a far infrared flame sensor and an air pressure sensor, so that the change of the flame light and the instantaneous explosion pressure within a certain range can be monitored, the output of the sensor is analog quantity or digital quantity, and a Zigbee ultra-low power consumption communication module is used for communicating with the core controller.
Furthermore, a vertical sliding door transmission mechanism in the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood is in gear hinge type transmission, and a limiting motor is a self-grinding stepping motor. The gear of the vertical sliding door transmission mechanism and the gear of the limiting motor are mutually meshed to drive the light-transmitting explosion-proof panel to slide up and down, when the light-transmitting explosion-proof panel is externally stressed, the built-in sensor of the stepping motor releases shaft locking force to perform power-assisted sliding, and the limiting motor is connected with the core controller through a terminal in a wired mode.
Furthermore, the air outlet of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood in the structural design is connected with a fume hood output gas filtering device, and the air outlet of the fume hood can be set into two schemes of central gas evacuation or distributed gas evacuation according to actual requirements. The current state or the starting mode of the built-in wind motor of the fume hood is changed through the arrangement of the fume hood IPS touch control panel. The custom sensor is connected with the core controller and used for monitoring the running state of the wind power motor, the wind speed standard reaching state and the like.
Further, first gas sensor module and second gas sensor module in the structural design of explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood are connected to the core control ware respectively, and first, two gas sensor modules are respectively through fume hood both sides first of board, the fume hood surrounding gas is introduced to two gas sensor intake ducts, the processing through internal sensor and microprocessor gathers the analysis with data transmission to the core control ware, and the LED alarm lamp will be according to the harmful degree of current ambient gas and convert light luminance into and carry out the real-time supervision early warning.
As can be seen from the above description, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
1. the invention applies a large amount of control and linkage technologies, has mature algorithm, has extremely high reliability after the practical inspection of one year of each sensor data, has extremely high safety performance, sets the design of hardware electronic dog reset and fault alarm for the conditions of processor failure and algorithm run-off, and has extremely high safety and science and technology compared with large scientific research instruments such as like fume hoods and the like.
2. The invention designs a sensor which is specially used for monitoring the most commonly used toxic reagent volatile gas in a chemical laboratory, comprising benzene, ether, alkane, furan and pyridine, and also designs a sensor which is specially used for monitoring the explosion-causing gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and the like. The sensor is comprehensive in type and high in sensitivity, the service life can reach 3-5 years, and the monitoring type is economical and practical and is more comprehensive than that of intelligent fume hoods sold in market places.
3. The invention specially designs an embedded fume hood OS and GUI operation interface for the fume hood, and is provided with an IPS touch control panel for debugging and using of experimenters and operators. The fume hood is also provided with an LED alarm lamp, and the brightness of the alarm lamp can be changed according to the change of the comprehensive environment index obtained by the gas data collected by the first gas sensor module and the second gas sensor module.
4. The invention designs a unique light/gas explosion sensor, the sensor outputs Boolean quantity to effectively monitor the air pressure change and the fire light change generated at the moment of explosion, the response time is within 10ms, and an instruction is issued to enable the vertical sliding door of the fume hood to slide down and have an emergency exhaust function, thereby greatly ensuring that experimenters are prevented from primary and secondary injuries.
5. The explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood designed by the invention combines the current technological development level, applies a large amount of electronic sensing technologies, creates safe and controllable laboratory environments which are first-class at home and abroad, is in a high leading state in similar products at home and abroad at present, has higher research and development cost, is sold to scientific research institutes and biochemical enterprises of colleges and universities at home and abroad, has cost controlled within an acceptable level, has excellent and stable performance and extremely high reliability and safety, and opens the way to draw out the rudiment of large-scale environmental test equipment of next-generation chemical laboratory at home and abroad.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings advocate used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1, is the present invention: the general structural framework of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood is schematic;
FIG. 2, is the present invention: a CG rendering diagram of the overall structural framework of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the structural design of an explosion-proof type harmful gas detection fume hood comprises a main frame structure using 12 cold-rolled steel high-temperature curing corrosion-resistant plates, 17 a novel glass fiber alumina epoxy corrosion-resistant physicochemical plate table structure and 16 a vertical sliding door structure of a light-transmitting explosion-proof panel; the two side panel intervals of explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood are provided with: 5. the system comprises a core controller, 3, a first gas sensor module and 13, a second gas sensor module. Two side panels of the fume hood are provided with a self-developed 4.IPS touch control panel, a 1.LED alarm lamp, a 2. first gas sensor air inlet channel, a 15.LED alarm lamp and a 14. second gas sensor air inlet channel. The inner wall of the fume hood is provided with 6 flame/air pressure explosion sensors. The upper part of the fume hood is provided with 7 vertical sliding door transmission mechanisms, and 8 limiting motors are arranged in the mechanisms. The top of the fume hood is provided with 9 air outlets and 11, a wind power motor is arranged in the fume hood, and 10 wind speed sensors are arranged at the air outlet parts.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a core controller in a structural design of an explosion-proof type harmful gas detection fume hood has a capability of rendering a control system, and projects a processing and rendering result to an IPS touch control panel according to designed hardware, a bottom layer driver, an inner core, a GUI, and the like. The core controller is internally provided with an APU, an NPU and a hardware watchdog circuit for cooperative control, and the inside of the core controller is in cooperative communication with sensors and actuator modules of various parts of a fume hood through an integrated multi-path UART, an I2C protocol and is in cooperation with one or more processors in ARM7-Cortex-A8, ARM9E-S, ARM1176JZ, Broadcom BCM2711, RK3328, RK3399, STM32F407, STM32F108, ESP32, ESP8266 and 8051-G80F 910F.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an IPS touch control panel in a structural design of an explosion-proof type fume hood for detecting harmful gas is a main operation panel for an experimenter to operate the fume hood and a debugging clerk to debug the fume hood. The GUI interface designed by the core controller can be rendered through the panel, the GUI interface is a special interface for an embedded system, for the purpose of deep customization of the fume hood, parameters of each sensor of the fume hood, module states of each component of the fume hood, basic functions of the fume hood can be operated/controlled, an intelligent algorithm of the fume hood can be modified/applied, current environment states and imminent dangerous events can be monitored/early warned and the like can be displayed through the touch panel, the IPS touch control panel adopts LVDS-6/8Bit system communication, and touch control technology of an I2C suppression capacitive screen is adopted for acquiring touch control instruction signals.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a vertical sliding door transmission mechanism and a limiting motor in the structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood are in a combined structure. The vertical sliding door transmission mechanism is hinged, the position of a limiting motor caused by slipping can be effectively prevented from being identified, the limiting motor is set to be a real-time position capable of accurately responding, and the shaft locking force can be automatically released according to the identification mechanism. The combined structure can execute the operation of the remote up-and-down sliding door under the control of the intelligent fume hood core control cabinet. Meanwhile, the sliding door can be released at the moment that personnel explode by matching with an internal algorithm of the flame/air pressure explosion sensor, so that the safety of the personnel is ensured, and primary and secondary injuries are effectively avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a built-in wind motor in the structural design of an explosion-proof type harmful gas detection fume hood is a variable-frequency wind speed motor, self-adaptive adjustment is performed according to a fume hood deployment mode, and centralized and distributed operation can be performed through wind motor states, wind speed sensor data and manual input instructions of distributed fume hoods collected by a core controller. The wind speed sensor is a pneumatic wind speed sensor or a rotary wind speed sensor and is mainly used for monitoring the real-time air output change of the fume hood and whether the real-time air output change meets the safety standard or not. Meanwhile, the air quantity extracted can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the frequency of a fume hood wind speed motor through a self-built algorithm under the unattended condition.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first and second gas sensor modules in the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood adopt an upper split type circuit board design, the first and second gas sensor air inlet channels are designed by an ingenious structure, external environment gas can be introduced into the sensor areas of the first and second gas sensor modules from the panel of the external fume hood, when the high toxicity and high explosive gas in the environment gas reach a certain concentration, the sensors gather the collected data to a core controller for operation through a module electricity conversion module built in the circuit board, and the fume hood is forcibly started to exhaust the gas through an inner core algorithm and intelligent perception. The gas sensor module integrates a flammable and explosive gas sensor to monitor explosive gases such as alkane, olefin, alkyne, hydrogen and the like, and also integrates a high-toxicity organic volatile gas sensor to monitor high-volatile organic compounds such as aldehydes, ethers, furan, pyridine and the like.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood comprises a main frame structure using a cold-rolled steel high-temperature curing anti-corrosion plate, a novel glass fiber alumina epoxy anti-corrosion physicochemical plate table structure and a vertical sliding door structure of a light-transmitting explosion-proof panel; LED alarm lamps, a first gas sensor air inlet channel, a second gas sensor air inlet channel and an IPS touch control panel are arranged on two side panels of the fume hood; a first gas sensor module and a core controller are arranged on the inner side of a left side panel of the fume hood; a second gas sensor module is arranged inside the right panel of the fume hood; a flame/air pressure explosion sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the fume hood; the upper part of the fume hood is provided with a vertical sliding door transmission mechanism, and a limiting motor is arranged in the vertical sliding door transmission mechanism; an air outlet and a built-in wind power motor are arranged at the top of the fume hood, and a wind speed sensor is arranged at the air outlet.
2. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the structural design of the explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood adopts the structure that 1.5mm cold-rolled steel is subjected to pickling and phosphorization, then is sprayed with an anticorrosive surface material based on epoxy resin and self-developed, and is subjected to high-temperature curing and baking to prepare an anticorrosive plate for assembling construction; the table structure is constructed by adopting a self-developed physicochemical plate which mainly comprises glass fibers and aluminum oxide and is formed by high-temperature baking after spraying epoxy resin and pressing.
3. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the core controller is respectively in wired connection with the IPS touch control panel, the limiting motor, the wind speed sensor, the built-in wind power motor, the first gas sensor module, the second gas sensor module and the LED alarm lamp through terminals, and is in wireless connection with the flame/air pressure explosion sensor through a Zigbee communication protocol; the whole hardware circuit layout of the core controller is independently designed, has independent intellectual property rights, can execute a highly intelligent algorithm, is internally provided with a sensing unit, a communication unit, an execution unit and the like, can upload fume hood information to a cloud management platform in real time, and realizes functions of remote monitoring, control, early warning and the like.
4. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the IPS touch control panel is connected with the core controller through LVDS, I2C ports or HDMI ports, can render a GUI interface of a self-developed system designed in the core controller in real time, and displays and operates parameters and execution mechanisms of various sensors of the fume hood.
5. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the main body in the flame/air pressure explosion sensor is a combined structure of a far infrared flame sensor and an air pressure sensor, can monitor the change of flame light and explosion instantaneous pressure within a certain range, outputs of the sensors are analog quantity or digital quantity, and a Zigbee ultra-low power consumption communication module is used for communicating with the core controller.
6. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical sliding door transmission mechanism is in gear hinge type transmission, and the limiting motor is a self-grinding stepping motor; the gear of the vertical sliding door transmission mechanism and the gear of the limiting motor are mutually meshed to drive the light-transmitting explosion-proof panel to slide up and down, when the light-transmitting explosion-proof panel is externally stressed, the built-in sensor of the stepping motor releases shaft locking force to perform power-assisted sliding, and the limiting motor is connected with the core controller through a terminal in a wired mode.
7. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the air outlet of the fume hood can be set into two schemes of central air evacuation or distributed air evacuation according to actual requirements; a wind motor arranged in the fume hood is set by an IPS touch control panel of the fume hood to change the current state or the starting mode; the custom sensor is connected with the core controller and used for monitoring the running state of the wind power motor, the wind speed standard reaching state and the like.
8. The structural design of an explosion-proof harmful gas detection fume hood as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: first gas sensor module and second gas sensor module be connected to the core control ware respectively, first, two gas sensor modules introduce fume hood all ring edge border gas through the first of fume hood both sides board, two gas sensor intake ducts respectively, through the processing of internal sensor and microprocessor with data transmission to the core control ware analysis of gathering, the LED alarm lamp will be according to the harmful degree of current ambient gas conversion for light luminance carries out the real-time supervision early warning.
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