CN113869548A - Blasting peak value vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction method considering elevation effect - Google Patents

Blasting peak value vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction method considering elevation effect Download PDF

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CN113869548A
CN113869548A CN202110931692.1A CN202110931692A CN113869548A CN 113869548 A CN113869548 A CN 113869548A CN 202110931692 A CN202110931692 A CN 202110931692A CN 113869548 A CN113869548 A CN 113869548A
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柏皓博
王海龙
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Abstract

The invention discloses a blasting peak value vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction method considering elevation effect, which finds that when the elevation difference is 20m, the blasting elevation amplification effect needs to be considered, so a blasting vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction formula considering elevation amplification effect is introduced, vibration data are simultaneously detected in real time in a matching manner, regression analysis is carried out according to the detection result, undetermined coefficients K, alpha, beta and gamma are solved, blasting vibration speed prediction values under the same condition are back calculated, the blasting vibration speed prediction values are compared with the actual vibration speed and the preset effect is verified, when the elevation effect occurs, the blasting vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction can be accurately carried out through the method, the method is in an implementable and adopted stage, and finally the maximum single-ringing dosage is calculated and determined according to the control requirement of the maximum blasting vibration speed, the method can accurately carry out the blasting vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction, so as to optimize the blasting parameters and control the blasting hazard.

Description

Blasting peak value vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction method considering elevation effect
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a blasting peak value vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction method considering an elevation effect.
Background
For the geographic environment with numerous mountains and complex terrain, tunnels are often required to be developed to facilitate traffic. Common tunnel construction methods include open cut, covered cut, shield, drilling and blasting. However, from the present point of view, the drilling and blasting method is still the mainstream method for rock tunnel construction for a long time in the future. The tunnel blasting construction has strong burst and destructive properties and is easy to have great influence on surrounding buildings, so that the tunnel blasting construction needs to be monitored in real time during blasting construction, and a construction scheme is optimized in real time according to a monitoring result. The relevant indexes of the building damage include speed, acceleration, displacement, energy and the like. Since the particle vibration velocity is most representative of the influence on the building, the peak value of the particle vibration velocity is mainly used as an evaluation index.
At present, the blast peak value vibration velocity is predicted mainly by means of a Sadow-Fugu formula, the influence of an elevation amplification effect is ignored by the prediction method, and the requirement on the blast peak value vibration velocity prediction accuracy cannot be met more and more; for the research of blasting vibration energy, the research mainly focuses on the research of distribution rules, and the research of energy attenuation prediction including elevation amplification effect is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a blasting peak value vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction method considering an elevation effect, which solves the problem that the blasting peak value vibration speed is mainly predicted by a Sadawski formula at present, the influence of the elevation amplification effect is neglected by the prediction method, and the requirement on the blasting peak value vibration speed prediction precision can not be met more and more; for the research of the blasting vibration energy, the main focus is on the research of the distribution rule, and the problem of the lack of the research of the energy attenuation prediction including the elevation amplification effect is solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for predicting the vibration speed and energy attenuation of a blasting peak value by considering an elevation effect is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the peak vibration velocity of the blasting vibration, wherein the propagation of the blasting vibration in the rock mass is related to the dosage, the blasting center distance, the elevation difference and the physical and mechanical parameters of a propagation medium, and the damping rule of the blasting vibration velocity is expressed as the following formula:
Figure BDA0003211235020000021
wherein: v is the peak vibration speed, Q is the maximum single-explosive quantity, R is the burst center distance, H is the height difference, e is the elastic modulus of the rock mass, and rho is the density of the rock mass.
Step two: carrying out dimensional analysis on the peak vibration speed of blasting vibration, and selecting the maximum single-ringing dose Q, the detonation center distance R, the elevation difference H, the rock mass density rho and the rock mass elastic modulus e as basic quantities, wherein the dimensional formula is as follows;
Figure BDA0003211235020000022
from the theorem of pi values, the number of related numbers is 6, the number of basic numbers is 3, then pi numbers are 3, so:
Figure BDA0003211235020000031
the method can be obtained according to the dimension homogeneous theorem: alpha is alpha1＝-0.5，β1＝1.5，γ1＝0.5，α2＝0，β2＝1，γ2＝0；α3＝1，β3＝-3，γ3When taken together, the above formula gives:
Figure BDA0003211235020000032
if the product and the power of different dimensionless quantities are still dimensionless quantities, then:
Figure BDA0003211235020000033
the formula is simplified to obtain:
Figure BDA0003211235020000034
step three: the parameters are effectively simplified, a blasting vibration peak value vibration velocity prediction formula considering the elevation effect is obtained, and as the rock mass elastic modulus e and the rock mass density rho are inherent physical properties of the rock mass, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003211235020000035
the blast vibration velocity prediction formula considering the elevation effect can be expressed as:
V＝KQαRβHγ；
wherein V is the peak vibration speed, Q is the maximum single-explosive quantity, R is the core-bursting distance, H is the height difference, K is the coefficient related to geological conditions, and gamma, alpha and beta are attenuation coefficients;
step four: analyzing the blasting vibration energy, and expressing the damping law of the blasting vibration energy as the following formula;
Figure BDA0003211235020000041
wherein E is the blasting vibration energy, Q is the maximum single-shot dose, R is the center of burst distance, H is the height difference, E is the elastic modulus of the rock mass, and rho is the density of the rock mass.
Step five: carrying out dimensional analysis on the blasting vibration energy, selecting the maximum single-ringing dose Q, the detonation center distance R and the rock mass elastic modulus e as basic quantities, and then adopting a dimensional formula as follows:
Figure BDA0003211235020000042
from the theorem of pi value, the number of related numbers is 6, and the number of basic numbers is 3, then pi number is 3. Therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003211235020000043
the method can be obtained according to the dimension homogeneous theorem: alpha is alpha1＝0，β1＝3，γ1＝1；α2＝0，β2＝1，γ2＝0；α3＝1，β3＝-3，γ3When taken together, the above formula gives:
Figure BDA0003211235020000051
if the product and the power of different dimensionless quantities are still dimensionless quantities, then:
Figure BDA0003211235020000052
the formula is simplified to obtain:
Figure BDA0003211235020000053
step six: the parameters are effectively simplified, a blasting vibration energy attenuation prediction formula considering the elevation effect is obtained, and as the rock mass elastic modulus e and the rock mass density rho are inherent physical properties of the rock mass, the order is as follows:
Figure BDA0003211235020000054
the blast vibration energy decay prediction formula considering the elevation effect can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003211235020000055
wherein E is the blasting vibration energy, Q is the maximum single-shot dose, R is the core-to-core distance, H is the elevation difference, K is the coefficient related to the geological conditions, and alpha and beta are the attenuation coefficients.
Step seven: and substituting the actually measured blasting vibration information into the obtained prediction formula, performing regression analysis, solving undetermined coefficients, performing inverse calculation according to engineering requirements to obtain the maximum single-shot dosage, and optimizing blasting parameters.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the TC-4850N high-precision Blasting vibration meter is adopted in the Blasting vibration energy detection process, signals can be preliminarily analyzed through Blasting vibration analysis software after being collected, each vibration meter is provided with three channels and is provided with a three-axial vibration speed sensor which respectively corresponds to the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction, when the sensors are arranged, the X direction points to the tunneling direction of the tunnel, the Y direction points to the radial direction of the tunnel, and the Z direction is vertical to the X, Y plane and is vertical to the upward direction, so that the uniformity of the directions of multiple sensors is ensured.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the blasting vibration meter adopts multi-position monitoring, and compares the detection data with the corresponding prediction data.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the blasting prediction process, when the elevation effect is small, the prediction may be performed by using a calculation and value verification method in cooperation with the sadofsky formula as an auxiliary reference value.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the physical meanings of the parameters in S1-S7 are respectively as follows:
symbols, the physical meaning of the symbols, dimensions,
q, the maximum single-dose, M,
r, the distance between the centers of explosion and L,
H. the height difference and the L are equal to each other,
e. modulus of elasticity, ML, of rock mass-1T-2，
Rho, rock mass density, ML-3。
Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the method includes the steps of finding that when the height difference is 20m, the blasting height amplification effect needs to be considered, introducing a blasting vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction formula considering the height amplification effect, simultaneously matching with real-time detection of vibration data, carrying out regression analysis according to a detection result, solving undetermined coefficients K, alpha, beta and gamma, reversely calculating a predicted value of the blasting vibration speed under the same condition, comparing the predicted value with an actual vibration speed, verifying a preset effect, and finally calculating and determining the maximum single-shot dosage according to the control requirement of the maximum blasting vibration speed.
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FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the prediction of blasting vibration velocity according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of the predicted contrast of burst vibration energy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of technical means, characteristics of creation, objectives and functions realized by the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to be exhaustive. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
TABLE 1 blasting monitoring data
Figure BDA0003211235020000081
TABLE 2 comparison of blasting vibration velocity predictions
Figure BDA0003211235020000091
TABLE 3 comparison of blasting vibration energy decay prediction
Figure BDA0003211235020000092
Figure BDA0003211235020000101
Step 1, combining the current research situation, and finding that when the height difference is 20m, the blasting height amplification effect needs to be considered, so that a blasting vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction formula considering the height amplification effect is introduced as follows:
V＝KQαRβHγ，
Figure BDA0003211235020000102
wherein V is the peak vibration speed, E is the blasting vibration energy, Q is the maximum single-explosive quantity, R is the core-to-explosion distance, H is the elevation difference, K is the coefficient related to the geological condition, and alpha and beta are the attenuation coefficients.
And 2, monitoring the explosion vibration in real time, wherein the monitoring data is shown in a table 1. And carrying out regression analysis on the two formulas according to the monitoring result to solve undetermined coefficients K, alpha, beta and gamma. The peak vibration velocity prediction formula is as follows:
V＝68.6594Q0.4528R-1.7511H0.1542，
the energy decay equation predicts:
Figure BDA0003211235020000111
and 3, reversely calculating a predicted value of the blasting vibration speed under the same condition, comparing the predicted value with the actual vibration speed, and verifying the prediction effect as shown in figure 1 and table 2.
And 4, reversely calculating a predicted value of the blasting vibration energy under the same condition, comparing the predicted value with the actual energy, and verifying the prediction accuracy as shown in figure 2 and table 3.
And 5, calculating and determining the maximum single-ringing explosive quantity according to the control requirement of the maximum blasting vibration speed, wherein if the maximum blasting vibration speed is controlled to be 1.5cm/s, the blasting center distance is 30m, and the height difference is 20m, the maximum single-ringing explosive quantity is 40 kg.
From the comparison in the table above, it can be seen that: when the high effect occurs, the blasting vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction can be accurately carried out through the method, so that the blasting parameters are optimized, the blasting hazard is controlled, and the prediction result is within high precision and is in an implementation and adoption stage.
The points to be finally explained are: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the general description and the specific embodiments, on the basis of the present invention, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

1. A method for predicting the vibration speed and energy attenuation of a blasting peak value by considering an elevation effect is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the peak vibration velocity of the blasting vibration, wherein the propagation of the blasting vibration in the rock mass is related to the dosage, the blasting center distance, the elevation difference and the physical and mechanical parameters of a propagation medium, and the damping rule of the blasting vibration velocity is expressed as the following formula:
Figure FDA0003211235010000011
wherein: v is the peak vibration speed, Q is the maximum single-ringing dose, R is the centre-of-burst distance, H is the height difference, e is the elastic modulus of the rock mass, and rho is the density of the rock mass;
step two: carrying out dimensional analysis on the peak vibration speed of blasting vibration, and selecting the maximum single-ringing dose Q, the detonation center distance R, the elevation difference H, the rock mass density rho and the rock mass elastic modulus e as basic quantities, wherein the dimensional formula is as follows;
Figure FDA0003211235010000012
from the theorem of pi values, the number of related numbers is 6, the number of basic numbers is 3, then pi numbers are 3, so:
Figure FDA0003211235010000021
the method can be obtained according to the dimension homogeneous theorem: alpha is alpha1＝-0.5，β1＝1.5，γ1＝0.5，α2＝0，β2＝1，γ2＝0；α3＝1，β3＝-3，γ3When taken together, the above formula gives:
Figure FDA0003211235010000022
if the product and the power of different dimensionless quantities are still dimensionless quantities, then:
Figure FDA0003211235010000023
the formula is simplified to obtain:
Figure FDA0003211235010000024
step three: the parameters are effectively simplified, a blasting vibration peak value vibration velocity prediction formula considering the elevation effect is obtained, and as the rock mass elastic modulus e and the rock mass density rho are inherent physical properties of the rock mass, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003211235010000025
the blast vibration velocity prediction formula considering the elevation effect can be expressed as:
V＝KQαRβHγ；
wherein V is the peak vibration speed, Q is the maximum single-explosive quantity, R is the core-bursting distance, H is the height difference, K is the coefficient related to geological conditions, and gamma, alpha and beta are attenuation coefficients;
step four: analyzing the blasting vibration energy, and expressing the damping law of the blasting vibration energy as the following formula;
Figure FDA0003211235010000031
wherein E is blasting vibration energy, Q is maximum single-shot dose, R is a blast center distance, H is a height difference, E is rock mass elastic modulus, and rho is rock mass density;
step five: carrying out dimensional analysis on the blasting vibration energy, selecting the maximum single-ringing dose Q, the detonation center distance R and the rock mass elastic modulus e as basic quantities, and then adopting a dimensional formula as follows:
Figure FDA0003211235010000032
from the theorem of pi value, the number of related numbers is 6, and the number of basic numbers is 3, then pi number is 3. Therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003211235010000033
the method can be obtained according to the dimension homogeneous theorem: alpha is alpha1＝0，β1＝3，γ1＝1；α2＝0，β2＝1，γ2＝0；α3＝1，β3＝-3，γ3When taken together, the above formula gives:
Figure FDA0003211235010000034
if the product and the power of different dimensionless quantities are still dimensionless quantities, then:
Figure FDA0003211235010000041
the formula is simplified to obtain:
Figure FDA0003211235010000042
step six: the parameters are effectively simplified, a blasting vibration energy attenuation prediction formula considering the elevation effect is obtained, and as the rock mass elastic modulus e and the rock mass density rho are inherent physical properties of the rock mass, the order is as follows:
Figure FDA0003211235010000043
the blast vibration energy decay prediction formula considering the elevation effect can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0003211235010000044
wherein E is blasting vibration energy, Q is maximum single-shot dose, R is a core-to-core distance, H is a height difference, K is a coefficient related to geological conditions, and alpha and beta are attenuation coefficients;
step seven: and substituting the actually measured blasting vibration information into the obtained prediction formula, performing regression analysis, solving undetermined coefficients, performing inverse calculation according to engineering requirements to obtain the maximum single-shot dosage, and optimizing blasting parameters.
2. The method for predicting the vibration speed and energy attenuation of the blasting peak considering the elevation effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that a TC-4850N high-precision Blasting vibration meter is adopted in the Blasting vibration energy detection process, signals can be preliminarily analyzed through Blasting vibration analysis software after being collected, each vibration meter is provided with three channels and a three-axial vibration speed sensor which respectively correspond to the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction, when the sensors are arranged, the X direction points to the tunneling direction of a tunnel, the Y direction points to the radial direction of the tunnel, and the Z direction is perpendicular to the X, Y plane and is perpendicular to the upward direction, so that the uniformity of the directions of multiple sensors is ensured.
3. The method for predicting the vibration speed and energy attenuation of the blasting peak considering the elevation effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the blasting vibration meter adopts multi-position monitoring and compares the detection data with the corresponding prediction data.
4. The method for predicting the vibration speed and energy attenuation of the blasting peak considering the elevation effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the blasting prediction process, when the elevation effect is small, the prediction can be carried out by adopting a mode of calculating and verifying values by matching with a Savowski formula as an auxiliary reference value.
5. The method for predicting the vibration speed and energy attenuation of the blasting peak considering the elevation effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the physical meanings of the parameters in S1-S7 are respectively as follows:
symbols, the physical meaning of the symbols, dimensions,
q, the maximum single-dose, M,
r, the distance between the centers of explosion and L,
H. the height difference and the L are equal to each other,
e. modulus of elasticity, ML, of rock mass-1T-2，
Rho, rock mass density, ML-3。
CN202110931692.1A 2021-08-13 2021-08-13 Blasting peak value vibration speed and energy attenuation prediction method considering elevation effect Withdrawn CN113869548A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114723863A (en) * 2022-01-28 2022-07-08 北京理工大学 Open bench blasting vibration speed cloud chart prediction method and system and electronic equipment
CN116307045A (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-06-23 青岛理工大学 Method, system, equipment and medium for calculating vibration speed of building under tunnel blasting

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114723863A (en) * 2022-01-28 2022-07-08 北京理工大学 Open bench blasting vibration speed cloud chart prediction method and system and electronic equipment
CN116307045A (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-06-23 青岛理工大学 Method, system, equipment and medium for calculating vibration speed of building under tunnel blasting
CN116307045B (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-10-17 青岛理工大学 Method, system, equipment and medium for calculating vibration speed of building under tunnel blasting

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