CN113868777B - Method and device for acquiring test load of auxiliary frame strength bench test - Google Patents
Method and device for acquiring test load of auxiliary frame strength bench test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle tests, in particular to a method and a device for acquiring a test load of an auxiliary frame strength bench test. According to the method, firstly, a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model is utilized to obtain a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to an auxiliary frame of a target vehicle, then a finite element model of the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle is utilized to obtain a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame, then a linear transformation matrix representing the conversion relation between load and stress of one or more to-be-selected load loading points of the auxiliary frame is determined, finally, an intensity bench test load matrix is calculated in an iterative mode, and the intensity bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition is used as a target intensity bench test load matrix. According to the invention, through iterative calculation, the misuse test working condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle is linked with the strength bench test working condition, and the strength bench test load of the auxiliary frame is accurately obtained, so that the bench strength test can effectively reflect the misuse test condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle tests, in particular to a method and a device for acquiring a test load of an auxiliary frame strength bench test.
Background
The strength performance of the subframe of the automobile, which is an important load-bearing component of the automobile, is of major concern to the host factory. In the automobile development stage, a chassis misuse test and a bench strength test are carried out on the whole automobile to verify the strength performance of the chassis. The load of the current auxiliary frame strength bench test is mainly formulated according to the experience working condition of a host factory, and has no direct relation with the misuse test of the whole vehicle chassis. This may lead to the strength performance verification of the subframe relying mainly on the misuse test of the entire vehicle chassis, resulting in the extension of the verification period and the increase of the verification cost.
Therefore, how to accurately obtain the strength bench test load of the auxiliary frame is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for acquiring a test load of an auxiliary frame strength bench test, so as to accurately acquire the test load of the auxiliary frame strength bench test.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following solutions:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for obtaining a test load of a subframe strength bench, where the method includes:
simulating a whole vehicle chassis misuse test working condition by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model of a target vehicle to obtain a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to an auxiliary frame of the target vehicle;
loading the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix into a finite element model of the auxiliary frame, and acquiring a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame; the auxiliary frame comprises a plurality of load loading points to be selected; the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition comprises a stress value of each load loading point to be selected in the plurality of load loading points to be selected;
acquiring a linear transformation matrix according to the vehicle misuse working condition load matrix and the vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix; the linear transformation matrix is used for representing the conversion relation between the load and the stress of one or more candidate load loading points in the plurality of candidate load loading points;
iteratively calculating the strength bench test load matrix by taking the difference between the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the finished automobile misuse working condition stress matrix as a target, and taking the strength bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix;
in the iterative calculation process, the initial strength bench test load matrix is obtained by simulating the misuse test working condition of the finished automobile chassis by using the finished automobile multi-body simulation model; determining the strength bench test load matrix of the next iteration according to the strength bench test load matrix of the current iteration and the residual error of the current iteration; the iteration residual is obtained by converting the difference between the intensity bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix through the linear transformation matrix; and the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration is obtained by utilizing the finite element model to carry out loading calculation on the strength bench test load matrix of the iteration.
In one possible embodiment, the iteratively calculating the strength bench test load matrix includes:
determining load loading points for a strength bench test from the plurality of load loading points to be selected, and constructing a load loading point set;
calculate the first
Strength bench test load matrix of load point set in secondary iteration
The specific calculation formula includes:
wherein,
is as follows
A strength bench test load matrix corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
is the linear transformation matrix;
the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition is obtained;
is as follows
A secondary iteration residual error;
is as follows
The stress matrix of the strength bench test corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
an iteration progress control matrix.
In a possible embodiment, the taking the strength bench test load matrix when the iteration end condition is satisfied as the target strength bench test load matrix includes:
if it is
If any of the iteration end conditions is met, then it will
As a target strength bench test load matrix; wherein the expression of the iteration termination condition comprises;
wherein,
setting an error matrix;
to set the maximum number of iterations.
In a possible embodiment, after the strength bench test load matrix when the iteration termination condition is satisfied is taken as the target strength bench test load matrix, the method further includes:
and taking a load loading point set corresponding to the target strength bench test load matrix as a load loading position of the auxiliary frame, taking the target strength bench test load matrix as a load input quantity of the load loading position, and carrying out a strength bench test on the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle by the control bench.
In a possible embodiment, the determining load points for the strength bench test from the plurality of candidate load points and constructing a load point set includes:
determining stress weak part sites of the auxiliary frame according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition, and constructing a weak part site set;
in a finite element model of the auxiliary frame, constraining the degree of freedom of a rack mounting point of the auxiliary frame, loading a first set bushing load and a second set bushing load to a target load loading point in the load loading point set, and acquiring the load sensitivity of the target load loading point to each weak part point in the weak part point set; wherein the first set bushing load is greater than the second set bushing load;
traversing the load loading point set, and repeatedly changing the target load loading points until determining the load sensitivity of each load loading point in the load loading point set to each weak part point in the weak part point set, and determining the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak part point;
removing low-sensitivity load loading points from the set of load loading points to update the set of load loading points;
wherein the load sensitivity of the low-sensitivity load point to each weak point is less than the product of the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak point and a first proportional threshold.
In a possible embodiment, the determining the stress weak part points of the subframe according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse condition and constructing a weak part point set includes:
and sequencing the load loading points in the load loading point set according to the stress matrix of the misuse working condition of the whole vehicle and the sequence of the stress values from large to small to obtain a load loading point sequence, determining a set number of load loading points from the load loading point sequence according to the sequence, and constructing a weak part point set.
In one possible embodiment, after the constructing the set of weak point sites, the method further comprises:
removing low stress weakness points from the set of weakness points to update the set of weakness points; and the misuse working condition stress of the whole vehicle corresponding to the low-stress weak part point is not greater than a set stress threshold.
In a possible embodiment, before the determining the load point for the strength bench test from the plurality of candidate load points and constructing the load point set, the method further includes:
and removing the strength bench test load along the vertical direction of the lining in the initial strength bench test load matrix so as to update the initial strength bench test load matrix.
In one possible embodiment, the loading a first set bushing load and a second set bushing load to a target load point in the set of load points, and obtaining a load sensitivity of the target load point to each of the set of weak point points includes:
load the first of the set of load points
Each load loading point is used as a target load loading point, and a first set bushing radial load is loaded on each target load loading point
And a second setting bushing radial load
Separately obtaining the sets of weak portion sites
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
calculating the target load mounting point to the second point
Liner radial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
respectively loading a first set bushing axial load to the target load loading point
And a second setting bushing axial load
Respectively obtaining the first
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
calculating the target load mounting point to the second point
Bushing axial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for acquiring a subframe strength bench test load, where the apparatus includes:
the system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for simulating a whole vehicle chassis misuse test working condition by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model of a target vehicle to acquire a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to an auxiliary frame of the target vehicle;
the second acquisition module is used for loading the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix into a finite element model of the auxiliary frame and acquiring a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame; the auxiliary frame comprises a plurality of load loading points to be selected; the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition comprises a stress value of each load loading point to be selected in the plurality of load loading points to be selected;
the third acquisition module is used for acquiring a linear transformation matrix according to the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix; the linear transformation matrix is used for representing the conversion relation between the load and the stress of one or more candidate load loading points in the plurality of candidate load loading points;
the fourth acquisition module is used for iteratively calculating the strength bench test load matrix by taking the difference between the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the finished automobile misuse working condition stress matrix as a target, and taking the strength bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix;
in the iterative calculation process, the initial strength bench test load matrix is obtained by simulating the misuse test working condition of the finished automobile chassis by using the finished automobile multi-body simulation model; determining the strength bench test load matrix of the next iteration according to the strength bench test load matrix of the current iteration and the residual error of the current iteration; the iteration residual is obtained by converting the difference between the intensity bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix through the linear transformation matrix; and the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration is obtained by utilizing the finite element model to carry out loading calculation on the strength bench test load matrix of the iteration.
In a possible embodiment, the fourth obtaining module includes:
the first construction module is used for determining load loading points for the strength bench test from the plurality of load loading points to be selected and constructing a load loading point set;
a first calculation module for calculating
Strength bench test load matrix of load point set in secondary iteration
The specific calculation formula includes:
wherein,
is as follows
Said at a sub-iterationA strength bench test load matrix corresponding to the load loading point set;
is the linear transformation matrix;
the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition is obtained;
is as follows
A secondary iteration residual error;
is as follows
The stress matrix of the strength bench test corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
an iteration progress control matrix.
In a possible embodiment, the fourth obtaining module further includes:
a first identification module for
When any one of the iteration termination conditions is satisfied, the method will
As a target strength bench test load matrix; wherein the expression of the iteration termination condition comprises;
wherein,
setting an error matrix;
to set the maximum number of iterations.
In a possible embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
and the first control module is used for controlling the rack to perform the strength rack test on the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle by taking the load loading point set corresponding to the target strength rack test load matrix as the load loading position of the auxiliary frame and taking the target strength rack test load matrix as the load input quantity of the load loading position.
In a possible embodiment, the first building block comprises:
the second construction module is used for determining the stress weak part points of the auxiliary frame according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition and constructing a weak part point set;
a fifth obtaining module, configured to, in a finite element model of the subframe, constrain a degree of freedom of a mount mounting point of the subframe, load a first set bushing load and a second set bushing load to a target load point in the load point set, and obtain a load sensitivity of the target load point to each weak point in the weak point set; wherein the first set bushing load is greater than the second set bushing load;
a first determining module, configured to traverse the load loading point set, repeatedly change the target load loading point until determining a load sensitivity of each load loading point in the load loading point set to each weak point in the weak point set, and determine a maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak point;
a first updating module for removing low-sensitivity load loading points from the set of load loading points to update the set of load loading points;
wherein the load sensitivity of the low-sensitivity load point to each weak point is less than the product of the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak point and a first proportional threshold.
In a possible embodiment, the second building block comprises:
and the third construction module is used for sequencing the load loading points in the load loading point set according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition and the sequence of the stress values from large to small to obtain a load loading point sequence, determining a set number of load loading points from the load loading point sequence according to the sequence and constructing a weak part point set.
In a possible embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
a second updating module for removing low stress weakening points from the set of weakening points after operation of the second building module to update the set of weakening points; and the misuse working condition stress of the whole vehicle corresponding to the low-stress weak part point is not greater than a set stress threshold.
In a possible embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
and the third updating module is used for removing the strength bench test load along the vertical direction of the lining in the initial strength bench test load matrix before the first building module works so as to update the initial strength bench test load matrix.
In a possible embodiment, the fifth obtaining module includes:
a sixth obtaining module, configured to obtain the second load loading point from the set of load loading points
Each load loading point is used as a target load loading point, and a first set bushing radial load is loaded on each target load loading point
And a second setting bushing radial load
Separately obtaining the sets of weak portion sites
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
a second calculation module for calculating the target load mounting point pair
Liner radial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
a seventh obtaining module, configured to load a first set bushing axial load to the target load loading point respectively
And a second setting bushing axial load
Respectively obtaining the first
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
a third calculation module for calculating the target load mounting point pair
Bushing axial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to an auxiliary frame of a target vehicle by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model, then obtaining a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame by using a finite element model of the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle, then determining a linear transformation matrix representing the conversion relation between load and stress of one or more to-be-selected load loading points of the auxiliary frame, finally iteratively calculating a strength bench test load matrix, and taking the strength bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix. According to the invention, through iterative calculation, the misuse test working condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle is linked with the strength bench test working condition, and the strength bench test load of the auxiliary frame is accurately obtained, so that the bench strength test can effectively reflect the misuse test condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a test load of a subframe strength bench according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a subframe strength bench test load acquisition device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the load borne by the subframe of the target vehicle in the vehicle chassis misuse test working condition is expected to be reduced in the subframe strength bench test, but in the vehicle chassis misuse test working condition, the load impact borne by the subframe of the target vehicle comes from the design of the ditch ridge on the road surface, and in the subframe strength bench test, the load can be input from a plurality of load loading points, so that the subframe strength bench test is difficult to reduce the load borne by the subframe of the target vehicle in the vehicle chassis misuse test working condition. The embodiment of the invention provides the following scheme for introducing the misuse test working condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle into the strength bench test of the auxiliary frame.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the subframe includes 10 mounting points, and specifically includes: a left front subframe body mounting point 101, a right front subframe body mounting point 102, a left swing arm 1 mounting point 103, a right swing arm 1 mounting point 104, a left swing arm 2 mounting point 105, a right swing arm 2 mounting point 106, a left swing arm 3 mounting point 107, a right swing arm 3 mounting point 108, a left rear subframe body mounting point 109, and a right rear subframe body mounting point 110.
The subframe and the swing arm are generally connected by a bushing, and the subframe and the vehicle body are generally fixedly connected by a direct bolt or connected by a bushing. Thus, in a subframe strength bench test, the left front subframe body mounting point 101, the right front subframe body mounting point 102, the left rear subframe body mounting point 109, and the right rear subframe body mounting point 110 may be used as bench mounting points to simulate the connection of a subframe to the body; the left swing arm 1 mounting point 103, the right swing arm 1 mounting point 104, the left swing arm 2 mounting point 105, the right swing arm 2 mounting point 106, the left swing arm 3 mounting point 107, and the right swing arm 3 mounting point 108 may serve as load applying points to apply a load to the subframe.
In the embodiment, a plurality of mounting points and loading points of the bench test are selected from 10 mounting points, and appropriate loads are loaded on the loading points, so that the loads applied to the auxiliary frames of the target vehicle in the misuse test working condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle are restored.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a strength rack test load of an auxiliary frame according to an embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes steps 11 to 14.
And 11, simulating a misuse test working condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model of the target vehicle to obtain a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle.
The auxiliary frame comprises a plurality of load loading points to be selected.
Specifically, the whole vehicle multi-body simulation model comprises: the system comprises a front suspension model, a rear suspension model, an auxiliary frame model, a power assembly model, a steering model, a braking model, an FTire wheel model (obtained based on a tire parameter identification test and belonging to a physical model of a flexible ring model of a tire) and a vehicle body model. The established finished automobile multi-body simulation analysis model needs to pass through: checking a finished automobile multi-body simulation model by performing simulation calculation and test benchmarking on a finished automobile KC (kinematic and Compliance) test bench, simulation calculation and test benchmarking on a finished automobile shaft coupling test bench, simulation calculation and test benchmarking on a finished automobile standard working condition (comprising a forward braking working condition, a reverse braking working condition, a constant radius steering, a running obstacle with a known section and the like), and the like.
Specifically, the whole vehicle chassis misuse test is used for testing the chassis performance of the target vehicle by simulating a plurality of scene working conditions under abuse operation when the target vehicle actually runs, and the whole vehicle chassis misuse test working conditions may include one or more of a road edge impact working condition, a trapezoidal pit impact/braking working condition, an impact road edge stone working condition, a buffer table impact working condition, a slope pit impact working condition, a step road straight advance working condition, a square pit impact/braking working condition, a slope pit impact/braking working condition, a slide impact working condition, a backward falling wheel straight advance/braking working condition, and a projected road straight advance/braking working condition.
Specifically, the corrected whole vehicle multi-body simulation model is adopted to simulate the whole vehicle chassis misuse test working condition, and the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix of the whole vehicle misuse working condition load of the whole vehicle containing a plurality of load loading points to be selected of the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle can be obtained.
And step 12, loading the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix into a finite element model of the auxiliary frame, and acquiring a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame.
Specifically, a geometric model of the subframe of the target vehicle can be constructed according to data such as the subframe structure, the connection relation and the material of the target vehicle; the geometric model may then be subjected to finite element meshing to obtain a finite element model of the subframe of the target vehicle. The method comprises the steps of loading a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix into a finite element model of a target vehicle, and obtaining a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame by utilizing finite element simulation calculation.
Step 13, acquiring a linear transformation matrix according to the load matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition and the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition; the linear transformation matrix is used for representing the conversion relation between the load and the stress of one or more candidate load loading points in the plurality of candidate load loading points.
Specifically, in this step, one or more candidate load loading points may be determined first, and then a load matrix corresponding to the one or more candidate load loading points is obtained according to the entire vehicle misuse operating condition load matrix and the entire vehicle misuse operating condition stress matrix
And stress matrix
For the convenience of calculation, this step assumes a load matrix
And stress matrix
The linear transformation relation is obtained by calculating the following matrix formula
The specific formula includes:
and step 14, iteratively calculating the strength bench test load matrix by taking the difference between the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the finished automobile misuse working condition stress matrix as a target, and taking the strength bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix.
In the iterative calculation process, the initial strength bench test load matrix is obtained by simulating the misuse test working condition of the finished automobile chassis by using the finished automobile multi-body simulation model; determining the strength bench test load matrix of the next iteration according to the strength bench test load matrix of the current iteration and the residual error of the current iteration; the iteration residual is obtained by converting the difference between the intensity bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix through the linear transformation matrix; and the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration is obtained by utilizing the finite element model to carry out loading calculation on the strength bench test load matrix of the iteration.
Specifically, in the actual bench test, the sub-frame of the target vehicle may be plastically deformed or even broken under the loading condition of the strength bench test, and at this time, the sub-frame of the target vehicle is no longer a linear model, so that the linear transformation matrix obtained in step 13 cannot accurately calculate the target strength bench test load matrix.
Specifically, the initial strength bench test load matrix is obtained by simulating the misuse test working condition of the whole vehicle chassis by using the whole vehicle multi-body simulation model of the target vehicle, and can be understood as the strength bench test load matrix in the 0 th iteration; of course, the misuse working condition load matrix of the whole vehicle can be used as an initial strength bench test load matrix.
Specifically, step 14 is actually an iterative calculation of the difference between the strength bench test stress matrix of the current iteration and the entire vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix.
For convenience of illustrating the iterative process of the present embodiment, the present embodiment also provides a feasible implementation of step 14, and specifically includes steps 21 to 22.
And step 21, determining load loading points for the strength bench test from the plurality of load loading points to be selected, and constructing a load loading point set.
Specifically, in the subframe strength bench test, all the load points to be selected can be used as load points, and part of the load points to be selected can be used as load points.
Step 22, calculate the
Strength bench test load matrix of load point set in secondary iteration
The specific calculation formula includes:
wherein,
is as follows
A strength bench test load matrix corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
is the linear transformation matrix;
the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition is obtained;
is as follows
A secondary iteration residual error;
is as follows
The stress matrix of the strength bench test corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
an iteration progress control matrix.
In particular, an iterative progress control matrix
May be a diagonal matrix to control the speed of the iterative computation.
Specifically, this step utilizes in the iterative calculation
And
the difference between them is characterized
The difference between the intensity bench test stress matrix and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix in the secondary iteration can repeatedly convert the linear transformation matrix into the matrix
And the conversion error is reduced in the iterative computation, so that the correction effect of the iterative computation is effectively improved.
Here, the present embodiment also provides an iteration termination condition, and specifically, step 14 further includes step 22.
Step 22, if
If any of the iteration end conditions is met, then it will
As a target strength bench test load matrix; wherein the expression of the iteration termination condition comprises;
wherein,
setting an error matrix;
to set the maximum number of iterations.
Specifically, an error matrix is set
The value of each element in the system can be between 0 and 10 percent, and the error precision corresponding to the misuse working condition of the whole vehicle is shown.
After the target strength bench test load matrix is obtained through steps 11 to 14, the present embodiment will proceed with the bench test, including step 31.
And 31, taking the load loading point set corresponding to the target strength bench test load matrix as the load loading position of the subframe, taking the target strength bench test load matrix as the load input quantity of the load loading position, and carrying out a strength bench test on the subframe of the target vehicle by the control bench.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the target strength bench test load matrix is subjected to repeated iterative computation and correction, so that after the target strength bench test load matrix is loaded to the load loading position corresponding to the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle by the rack, the load borne by the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle in the misuse test working condition of the whole vehicle chassis can be accurately restored, and the test precision of the auxiliary frame strength bench test is improved.
Before step 31, it is also desirable to reduce the number of load loading positions in the bench test and the difficulty and cost of the bench test, and for this reason, this embodiment also provides an implementation manner of step 21, specifically including steps 41 to 44.
And 41, determining stress weak part sites of the auxiliary frame according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition, and constructing a weak part site set.
Specifically, the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition is obtained by calculation based on a finite element model of the auxiliary frame, and can represent the stress magnitude of each position of the auxiliary frame under the vehicle misuse working condition.
Step 42, in the finite element model of the subframe, constraining the degree of freedom of a rack mounting point of the subframe, loading a first set bushing load and a second set bushing load to a target load loading point in the load loading point set, and acquiring the load sensitivity of the target load loading point to each weak part point in the weak part point set; wherein the first set bushing load is greater than the second set bushing load.
Specifically, after a first set bushing load and a second set bushing load are loaded on a target load loading point in the load loading point set, a finite element model of the subframe can be used for calculating a stress value of each weak point in the weak point set, and based on the stress value, the first set bushing load and the second set bushing load, the load sensitivity of the target load loading point on each weak point in the weak point set can be determined so as to represent the stress contribution of the target load loading point on each weak point. Here, the first set bushing load may be a maximum set bushing load, and the second set bushing load may be a minimum set bushing load.
And 43, traversing the load loading point set, and repeatedly changing the target load loading points until determining the load sensitivity of each load loading point in the load loading point set to each weak part point in the weak part point set, and determining the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak part point.
Specifically, the target load loading points are changed, step 42 is repeated, and the set of load loading points is traversed, so that the load sensitivity of each load loading point to each weak part point can be obtained, and correspondingly, the load sensitivity of each weak part point relative to each load loading point can also be obtained at this time, and further, the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak part point can be determined.
Step 44, removing low-sensitivity load loading points from the load loading point set to update the load loading point set;
wherein the load sensitivity of the low-sensitivity load point to each weak point is less than the product of the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak point and a first proportional threshold.
Specifically, the definition of the low-sensitivity load loading points is given in step 44, and all the low-sensitivity load loading points need to be determined and deleted from the load loading point set in step 73, so as to reduce the number of load loading positions in the bench test, reduce the difficulty and cost of the bench test,
the step omits the load loading points with low sensitivity with the bench test from the existing loading points in the target strength bench test load matrix, further reduces the number of load loading positions in the bench test, reduces the difficulty and cost of the bench test,
here, the present embodiment further provides a specific implementation manner of step 41, which specifically includes step 51.
And 51, sequencing the load loading points in the load loading point set according to the stress matrix of the misuse working condition of the whole vehicle and the sequence of the stress values from large to small to obtain a load loading point sequence, determining a set number of load loading points from the load loading point sequence according to the sequence, and constructing a weak part point set.
After step 41, in order to reduce the calculation amount of the subsequent iteration calculation, the present embodiment further provides a scheme for reducing the weak part location set, which specifically includes step 61.
Step 61, removing low stress weakening sites from the set of weakening sites to update the set of weakening sites; and the misuse working condition stress of the whole vehicle corresponding to the low-stress weak part point is not greater than a set stress threshold.
Specifically, the set stress threshold may be a product of the vehicle misuse operating condition stress corresponding to the first weak portion point arranged in the load loading point sequence and the second proportional threshold.
Specifically, under normal conditions, the number of points with higher stress values of weak strength parts of the subframe is generally small, so that only weak strength parts with obvious strength are reserved in a weak strength part point set of the subframe in the step, the number of load loading positions in the bench test can be reduced, and the difficulty and the cost of the bench test are further reduced.
To further reduce the number of load loading positions in the bench test and reduce the difficulty and cost of the bench test, step 71 is provided before step 21.
And step 71, removing the strength bench test load along the vertical direction of the lining in the initial strength bench test load matrix so as to update the initial strength bench test load matrix.
Specifically, in the frame strength bench test, the swing arm is connected with the auxiliary frame through the connecting bush at the corresponding mounting point, and applies the strength bench test load along the axial direction of the bush, the strength bench test load along the radial direction of the bush and the strength bench test load along the vertical direction of the bush to the swing arm, and the swing arm is distributed along the axial direction of the bush, the radial direction of the bush and the vertical direction of the bush in a left-hand coordinate system or a right-hand coordinate system.
Because the automobile is in the in-process of traveling, the sub vehicle frame can the luffing motion with the connecting bush of swing arm, therefore sub vehicle frame load point is less along the load of bush vertical direction, generally can ignore in the engineering and do not calculate, further reduces the quantity of the load loading position in the bench test, reduces the degree of difficulty and the cost of bench test.
Here, the present embodiment further provides an implementation manner of step 42, which specifically includes step 81 to step 84.
Step 81, the first load loading point in the load loading point set
Each load loading point is used as a target load loading point, and a first set bushing radial load is loaded on each target load loading point
And a second setting bushing radial load
Separately obtaining the sets of weak portion sites
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
。
specifically, the first set bushing load comprises a first set bushing radial load and a first set bushing axial load, and the second set bushing load comprises a second set bushing radial load and a second set bushing axial load; the first set liner radial load may be a maximum set liner radial load and the second set liner radial load may be a minimum set liner radial load.
Step 82, calculating the target load mounting point pair to the second point
Liner radial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
step 83 of applying a first set bushing axial load to the target load application points, respectively
And a second setting bushing axial load
Respectively obtaining the first
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
。
in particular, the first set bushing axial load may be a maximum set bushing axial load and the second set bushing axial load may be a minimum set bushing axial load.
Step 84, calculating the target load mounting point pair to the second point
Bushing axial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining stress value distribution of the auxiliary frame under the working condition of a whole vehicle misuse test; defining the restraint and loading mode of the auxiliary frame strength bench test by combining the stress characteristics of the auxiliary frame on the whole vehicle; the calculation model for establishing the auxiliary frame strength bench test comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) calculating a finite element calculation model of an auxiliary frame strength bench test, a sensitivity calculation model of an auxiliary frame strength bench test loading point load to an auxiliary frame strength weak part stress value, and a linear conversion matrix calculation model of the auxiliary frame strength bench test loading point load and the auxiliary frame strength weak part stress value; and finally, solving the load of the auxiliary frame strength bench test loading point by adopting a multi-step iteration method, so that the stress distribution of the auxiliary frame under the strength bench test is consistent with that under the whole vehicle misuse test.
According to the embodiment, the misuse test load of the chassis of the whole vehicle is converted into the strength bench test load of the auxiliary frame, and the correlation between the misuse test working condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle and the strength bench test working condition can be established; the embodiment can accurately simulate the strength performance of the auxiliary frame on the rack, shorten the verification period and reduce the verification cost; the embodiment is suitable for converting the strength test load of the whole vehicle into the strength test load of the rack by all structural members, and has wide application range.
Based on the same inventive concept as the method, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for obtaining a subframe strength bench test load, as shown in fig. 3, the device includes:
the first obtaining module 91 is used for simulating a chassis misuse test working condition of the whole vehicle by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model of the target vehicle to obtain a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle;
the second obtaining module 92 is configured to load the entire vehicle misuse operating condition load matrix into the finite element model of the subframe, and obtain an entire vehicle misuse operating condition stress matrix corresponding to the subframe; the auxiliary frame comprises a plurality of load loading points to be selected; the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition comprises a stress value of each load loading point to be selected in the plurality of load loading points to be selected;
a third obtaining module 93, configured to obtain a linear transformation matrix according to the vehicle misuse operating condition load matrix and the vehicle misuse operating condition stress matrix; the linear transformation matrix is used for representing the conversion relation between the load and the stress of one or more candidate load loading points in the plurality of candidate load loading points;
a fourth obtaining module 94, configured to iteratively calculate the strength bench test load matrix with a goal of reducing a difference between the strength bench test stress matrix of the current iteration and the entire vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix, and use the strength bench test load matrix meeting an iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix;
in the iterative calculation process, the initial strength bench test load matrix is obtained by simulating the misuse test working condition of the finished automobile chassis by using the finished automobile multi-body simulation model; determining the strength bench test load matrix of the next iteration according to the strength bench test load matrix of the current iteration and the residual error of the current iteration; the iteration residual is obtained by converting the difference between the intensity bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix through the linear transformation matrix; and the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration is obtained by utilizing the finite element model to carry out loading calculation on the strength bench test load matrix of the iteration.
In a possible embodiment, the fourth obtaining module includes:
the first construction module is used for determining load loading points for the strength bench test from the plurality of load loading points to be selected and constructing a load loading point set;
a first calculation module for calculating
Strength bench test load matrix of load point set in secondary iteration
The specific calculation formula includes:
wherein,
is as follows
A strength bench test load matrix corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
is the linear transformation matrix;
the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition is obtained;
is as follows
A secondary iteration residual error;
is as follows
The stress matrix of the strength bench test corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
an iteration progress control matrix.
In a possible embodiment, the fourth obtaining module further includes:
a first identification module for
When any one of the iteration termination conditions is satisfied, the method will
As a target strength bench test load matrix; wherein the expression of the iteration termination condition comprises;
wherein,
setting an error matrix;
to set the maximum number of iterations.
In a possible embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
and the first control module is used for controlling the rack to perform the strength rack test on the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle by taking the load loading point set corresponding to the target strength rack test load matrix as the load loading position of the auxiliary frame and taking the target strength rack test load matrix as the load input quantity of the load loading position.
In a possible embodiment, the first building block comprises:
the second construction module is used for determining the stress weak part points of the auxiliary frame according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition and constructing a weak part point set;
a fifth obtaining module, configured to, in a finite element model of the subframe, constrain a degree of freedom of a mount mounting point of the subframe, load a first set bushing load and a second set bushing load to a target load point in the load point set, and obtain a load sensitivity of the target load point to each weak point in the weak point set; wherein the first set bushing load is greater than the second set bushing load;
a first determining module, configured to traverse the load loading point set, repeatedly change the target load loading point until determining a load sensitivity of each load loading point in the load loading point set to each weak point in the weak point set, and determine a maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak point;
a first updating module for removing low-sensitivity load loading points from the set of load loading points to update the set of load loading points;
wherein the load sensitivity of the low-sensitivity load point to each weak point is less than the product of the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak point and a first proportional threshold.
In a possible embodiment, the second building block comprises:
and the third construction module is used for sequencing the load loading points in the load loading point set according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition and the sequence of the stress values from large to small to obtain a load loading point sequence, determining a set number of load loading points from the load loading point sequence according to the sequence and constructing a weak part point set.
In a possible embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
a second updating module for removing low stress weakening points from the set of weakening points after operation of the second building module to update the set of weakening points; and the misuse working condition stress of the whole vehicle corresponding to the low-stress weak part point is not greater than a set stress threshold.
In a possible embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
and the third updating module is used for removing the strength bench test load along the vertical direction of the lining in the initial strength bench test load matrix before the first building module works so as to update the initial strength bench test load matrix.
In a possible embodiment, the fifth obtaining module includes:
a sixth obtaining module, configured to obtain the second load loading point from the set of load loading points
Each load loading point is used as a target load loading point, and a first set bushing radial load is loaded on each target load loading point
And a secondSetting bushing radial load
Separately obtaining the sets of weak portion sites
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
a second calculation module for calculating the target load mounting point pair
Liner radial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
a seventh obtaining module, configured to load a first set bushing axial load to the target load loading point respectively
And a second setting bushing axial load
Respectively obtaining the first
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
a third calculation module for calculating the target load mounting point pair
Bushing axial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects or advantages:
the method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to an auxiliary frame of a target vehicle by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model, then obtaining a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame by using a finite element model of the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle, then determining a linear transformation matrix representing the conversion relation between load and stress of one or more to-be-selected load loading points of the auxiliary frame, finally iteratively calculating a strength bench test load matrix, and taking the strength bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix. According to the embodiment of the invention, through iterative calculation, the misuse test working condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle is linked with the strength bench test working condition, and the strength bench test load of the auxiliary frame is accurately acquired, so that the bench strength test can effectively reflect the misuse test condition of the chassis of the whole vehicle.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method for obtaining a strength bench test load of an auxiliary frame is characterized by comprising the following steps:
simulating a whole vehicle chassis misuse test working condition by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model of a target vehicle to obtain a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to an auxiliary frame of the target vehicle;
loading the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix into a finite element model of the auxiliary frame, and acquiring a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame; the auxiliary frame comprises a plurality of load loading points to be selected; the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition comprises a stress value of each load loading point to be selected in the plurality of load loading points to be selected;
acquiring a linear transformation matrix according to the vehicle misuse working condition load matrix and the vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix; the linear transformation matrix is used for representing the conversion relation between the load and the stress of one or more candidate load loading points in the plurality of candidate load loading points;
iteratively calculating the strength bench test load matrix by taking the difference between the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the finished automobile misuse working condition stress matrix as a target, and taking the strength bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix;
in the iterative calculation process, the initial strength bench test load matrix is obtained by simulating the misuse test working condition of the finished automobile chassis by using the finished automobile multi-body simulation model; determining the strength bench test load matrix of the next iteration according to the strength bench test load matrix of the current iteration and the residual error of the current iteration; the iteration residual is obtained by converting the difference between the intensity bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix through the linear transformation matrix; and the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration is obtained by utilizing the finite element model to carry out loading calculation on the strength bench test load matrix of the iteration.
2. The subframe strength bench test load acquisition method of claim 1 wherein said iteratively calculating said strength bench test load matrix comprises:
determining load loading points for a strength bench test from the plurality of load loading points to be selected, and constructing a load loading point set;
calculate the first
Strength bench test load matrix of load point set in secondary iteration
The specific calculation formula includes:
wherein,
is as follows
A strength bench test load matrix corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
is the linear transformation matrix;
the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition is obtained;
is as follows
A secondary iteration residual error;
is as follows
The stress matrix of the strength bench test corresponding to the load loading point set during the secondary iteration;
an iteration progress control matrix.
3. The subframe strength bench test load acquisition method according to claim 2, wherein the taking the strength bench test load matrix when the iteration termination condition is satisfied as the target strength bench test load matrix comprises:
if it is
If any of the iteration end conditions is met, then it will
As a target strength bench test load matrix; wherein the expression of the iteration termination condition comprises;
wherein,
setting an error matrix;
to set the maximum number of iterations.
4. The subframe strength bench test load acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein after the strength bench test load matrix when the iteration termination condition is satisfied is taken as a target strength bench test load matrix, the method further comprises:
and taking a load loading point set corresponding to the target strength bench test load matrix as a load loading position of the auxiliary frame, taking the target strength bench test load matrix as a load input quantity of the load loading position, and carrying out a strength bench test on the auxiliary frame of the target vehicle by the control bench.
5. The method for acquiring the auxiliary frame strength bench test load according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the determining of the load point for the strength bench test from the plurality of candidate load points and the constructing of the load point set comprise:
determining stress weak part sites of the auxiliary frame according to the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition, and constructing a weak part site set;
in a finite element model of the auxiliary frame, constraining the degree of freedom of a rack mounting point of the auxiliary frame, loading a first set bushing load and a second set bushing load to a target load loading point in the load loading point set, and acquiring the load sensitivity of the target load loading point to each weak part point in the weak part point set; wherein the first set bushing load is greater than the second set bushing load;
traversing the load loading point set, and repeatedly changing the target load loading points until determining the load sensitivity of each load loading point in the load loading point set to each weak part point in the weak part point set, and determining the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak part point;
removing low-sensitivity load loading points from the set of load loading points to update the set of load loading points;
wherein the load sensitivity of the low-sensitivity load point to each weak point is less than the product of the maximum load sensitivity corresponding to each weak point and a first proportional threshold.
6. The method for obtaining the auxiliary frame strength bench test load according to claim 5, wherein the step of determining the stress weak part points of the auxiliary frame according to the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix and constructing a weak part point set comprises the following steps:
and sequencing the load loading points in the load loading point set according to the stress matrix of the misuse working condition of the whole vehicle and the sequence of the stress values from large to small to obtain a load loading point sequence, determining a set number of load loading points from the load loading point sequence according to the sequence, and constructing a weak part point set.
7. The subframe strength bench test load acquisition method of claim 6, wherein after said constructing a set of weakening sites, said method further comprises:
removing low stress weakness points from the set of weakness points to update the set of weakness points; and the misuse working condition stress of the whole vehicle corresponding to the low-stress weak part point is not greater than a set stress threshold.
8. The method for obtaining the auxiliary frame strength bench test load according to claim 5, wherein before the determining of the load point for the strength bench test from the plurality of candidate load points, the method further comprises:
and removing the strength bench test load along the vertical direction of the lining in the initial strength bench test load matrix so as to update the initial strength bench test load matrix.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of applying a first and second set bushing load to a target load point of the set of load points to obtain a load sensitivity of the target load point to each of the set of weak points comprises:
load the first of the set of load points
Each load loading point is used as a target load loading point, and a first set bushing radial load is loaded on each target load loading point
And a second setting bushing radial load
Separately obtaining the sets of weak portion sites
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
calculating the target load mounting point to the second point
Liner radial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
respectively loading a first set bushing axial load to the target load loading point
And a second setting bushing axial load
Respectively obtaining the first
Stress value of each weak part site
And
(ii) a Wherein,
；
calculating the target load mounting point to the second point
Bushing axial load sensitivity at point of weakness
The specific calculation formula includes:
10. the utility model provides a sub vehicle frame intensity bench test load acquisition device which characterized in that, the device includes:
the system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for simulating a whole vehicle chassis misuse test working condition by using a whole vehicle multi-body simulation model of a target vehicle to acquire a whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix corresponding to an auxiliary frame of the target vehicle;
the second acquisition module is used for loading the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix into a finite element model of the auxiliary frame and acquiring a whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix corresponding to the auxiliary frame; the auxiliary frame comprises a plurality of load loading points to be selected; the stress matrix of the vehicle misuse working condition comprises a stress value of each load loading point to be selected in the plurality of load loading points to be selected;
the third acquisition module is used for acquiring a linear transformation matrix according to the whole vehicle misuse working condition load matrix and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix; the linear transformation matrix is used for representing the conversion relation between the load and the stress of one or more candidate load loading points in the plurality of candidate load loading points;
the fourth acquisition module is used for iteratively calculating the strength bench test load matrix by taking the difference between the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the finished automobile misuse working condition stress matrix as a target, and taking the strength bench test load matrix meeting the iteration termination condition as a target strength bench test load matrix;
in the iterative calculation process, the initial strength bench test load matrix is obtained by simulating the misuse test working condition of the finished automobile chassis by using the finished automobile multi-body simulation model; determining the strength bench test load matrix of the next iteration according to the strength bench test load matrix of the current iteration and the residual error of the current iteration; the iteration residual is obtained by converting the difference between the intensity bench test stress matrix of the iteration and the whole vehicle misuse working condition stress matrix through the linear transformation matrix; and the strength bench test stress matrix of the iteration is obtained by utilizing the finite element model to carry out loading calculation on the strength bench test load matrix of the iteration.
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| CN104298808A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2015-01-21 | 国家电网公司 | Stress calculation method for power transmission tower nonlinear flexible member |
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