CN113867030A - 一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜 - Google Patents
一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:包括第一玻璃基板层和第二玻璃基板层;所述第一玻璃基板层上表面设有第一电极层,所述第一电极层上设有第一取向层;所述第二玻璃基板层的下表面设有第二电极层,第二电极层的下表面设有第二取向层;所述第一取向层和第二取向层之间填充有液晶层;所述第一电极层呈圆环形,所述第二电极层呈圆柱形。本发明不仅可以实现偏振光转换,而且还可以实现偏振光聚焦,具有小型化的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及偏振转换器和聚焦透镜技术领域,具体为一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜。
背景技术
径向偏振光具有轴对称性,因此径向偏振光在成像、生物组织分析、衍射光学、光谱学、相位调制等方面有着吸引人的应用。当径向偏振光通过一个高数值孔径的凸透镜传播时,它可以聚焦成一个比线性偏振光或圆偏振光更小的光斑。此外,由于径向偏振光横向分量的破坏性干扰,其在聚焦点处产生了较大的纵向电场分量。从一些报告中已知,与线性偏振光相比,径向偏振光的聚焦光斑尺寸可减少30%以上,大大提高了功率密度。这种独特的特性使径向偏振光在材料加工时具有理想的应用,这是因为加工效率可以在提高40%-100%的同时达到更高的精度。近年来,人们探索了产生径向偏振光的各种方法,除了一些特殊的激光器可以提供径向偏振光外,还有几种产生径向偏振光的方法,如光学干涉、光学衍射、通过锥形布鲁斯特棱镜传播、分段螺旋相板、和液晶(LC)。其中,基于液晶(LC)的偏振光转换器非常有吸引力,因为它们可以使用扭曲液晶(LC)结构轻易地旋转线性偏振光的偏振方向。与其它方法相比,液晶(LC)器件以其结构简单、制作方便、成本低廉等优点成为了偏振光转换器强有力的竞争者。然而,为了将液晶(LC)偏振光转换器转换的径向偏振光进行聚焦,需要一个玻璃透镜,而外加一个玻璃透镜使得整体的系统很笨重。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜。本发明不仅可以实现偏振光转换,而且还可以实现偏振光聚焦,具有小型化的优点。
本发明的技术方案一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,包括第一玻璃基板层和第二玻璃基板层;所述第一玻璃基板层上表面设有第一电极层,所述第一电极层上设有第一取向层;所述第二玻璃基板层的下表面设有第二电极层,第二电极层的下表面设有第二取向层;所述第一取向层和第二取向层之间填充有液晶层;所述第一电极层呈圆环形,所述第二电极层呈圆柱形。
上述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第一玻璃基板层的厚度为0.5mm,直径为3.5mm。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述液晶层的厚度为10um,直径为3.5mm,所选用的液晶为SLC—9023。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第二玻璃基板层的厚度为0.5mm,直径为3.5mm。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第一电极层的厚度为20nm,第一电极层的外环直径为3.5mm,内环直径为2mm,材质为氧化铟锡。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第一取向层的厚度为100nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为聚酰亚胺。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第一取向层与液晶层的接触面经摩擦一个方向形成均匀对齐的纹理,诱导液晶层中液晶分子均匀对齐。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第二电极层的厚度为20nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为氧化铟锡。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第二取向层的厚度为100nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为聚酰亚胺。
前述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,所述第二取向层与液晶层的接触面经圆形摩擦形成圆形对齐的纹理,诱导液晶层中液晶分子圆形对齐。
与现有技术相比,本发明的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜包括第一玻璃基板层和第二玻璃基板层,在第一玻璃基板层的上表面铺设有第一电极层,第一电极层的上表面设置第一取向层;在第二玻璃基板层的下表面铺设有一层第二电极层,第二电极层的下表面设置第二取向层,然后在第一取向层和第二取向层之间填充液晶层,第一取向层可以使得液晶层中底部的液晶分子均匀对齐,第二取向层可以使得液晶层中顶部的液晶分子圆形对齐,液晶层底部与顶部的液晶取向诱导中间的液晶进行取向,从而产生扭曲径向液晶排列,在扭曲径向液晶中,线性偏振光偏振方向随液晶扭曲方向偏转,以此实现偏振光转换功能;同时本发明可以给予两层电极层外接电场,在液晶层内形成锥形电场分布,由于液晶分子本身具有电偶极子,在偶极矩的作用下,液晶分子会在外接电场中旋转,液晶长轴沿着外接电场分布重新定向,液晶分子旋转后,线性偏振光透过液晶的有效折射率也将改变,整体而言,在线性偏振光进行偏振转换的同时也产生了相位的梯度分布,使得线性偏振光转换成的径向偏振光产生聚焦效果,从而可以使整体系统小型化。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图;
图2是本发明的第一电极层的俯视图;
图3是本发明的第一取向层和第二取向层的示意图
图4是本发明偏振转换原理示意图;
图5是本发明聚焦原理示意图;
图6是本发明通过仿真得到的z轴正方向xoz平面的焦点图;
图7是本发明通过仿真得到的z轴100um处xoy平面的焦点图。
附图标记
1、第一玻璃基板层;2、液晶层;3、第二玻璃基板层;4、第一电极层;5、第一取向层;6、第二电极层;7、第二取向层。
具体原理方案
下面结合附图和原理对本发明作进一步的说明,但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
实施例:一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,包括截面为圆形的第一玻璃基板层1和第二玻璃基板层3;所述第一玻璃基板层1上表面设有第一电极层4,所述第一电极层4上设有第一取向层5;所述第二玻璃基板层3的下表面设有第二电极层6,第二电极层6的下表面设有第二取向层7;所述第一取向层5和第二取向层7之间填充有液晶层2;所述第一电极层4呈圆环形,所述第二电极层6呈圆柱形。所述第一玻璃基板层1的厚度为0.5mm,直径为3.5mm。所述液晶层2的厚度为10um,直径为3.5mm,所选用的液晶为SLC—9023。所述第二玻璃基板层3的厚度为0.5mm,直径为3.5mm。如图2所示,所述第一电极层4的厚度为20nm,第一电极层4的外环直径为3.5mm,内环直径为2mm,材质为氧化铟锡。所述第一取向层5的厚度为100nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为聚酰亚胺。所述第二电极层6的厚度为20nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为氧化铟锡。所述第二取向层7的厚度为100nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为聚酰亚胺。
如图3所示,第一取向层5通过摩擦一个方向,第一取向层5表面会出现与摩擦方向一致的纹理,液晶分子在填充时,长轴会沿着纹理的方向进行取向排布,从而可以使得液晶层2中底部的液晶分子均匀对齐,第二取向层7通过圆形摩擦(以圆柱体的圆心为中心,用绒布进行圆形摩擦),在第二取向层7表面留下圆形的纹理痕迹,液晶分子在填充时,长轴会沿着纹理的方向进行取向排布,可以使得液晶层2中顶部的液晶分子圆形对齐,两者结合,中间部分的液晶会被上下部分的液晶取向诱导影响,从而整体也就成了扭曲径向液晶排列。由于液晶本身具有电偶极子,线性偏振光电场将随偶极子电场偏转,在扭曲径向液晶中,线性偏振光的偏振方向随液晶扭曲方向偏转,以此实现偏振光转换功能。如图4原理图所示,线性偏振光从液晶分子均匀对齐的一侧入射扭曲径向液晶,其偏振方向平行于液晶短轴方向,线性偏振光经过扭曲径向液晶,转换为径向偏振光,实现偏振转换器的功能。
如图2与图5所示,在给予两层电极层外接电场后,第一电极层4与第二电极层6之间将形成一个锥形分布的电场,由于液晶分子本身具有电偶极子,在偶极矩的作用下,液晶分子会在外接电场中旋转,液晶长轴沿着外接电场分布重新定向,在锥形电场中,形成如图5所示的液晶分布,液晶分子旋转后,线性偏振光透过液晶的有效折射率也将改变,整体而言,在线性偏振光进行偏振转换的同时也产生了相位的梯度分布,使得线性偏振光转换成的径向偏振光产生聚焦效果。同时本发明的聚焦效果基于外接电场,因此聚焦效果有开关切换功能,具有可调性。
进一步地,申请人运用FDTD仿真软件进行仿真后得到如图6-图7所示的焦点图。从图6-图7两幅焦点示意图中可以看出,焦点所在位置在z轴的100um处,图6所示,在z轴正方向的xoz平面上,焦点呈现x轴紧凑但z轴较长的状态,是因为径向光聚焦,在聚焦处由于横向分量的破坏性干涉,在聚焦处产生较大的纵向电场分量。图7所示,在z轴100um处的xoy平面上,径向偏振光焦点的光斑较小,从仿真效果可以明显看出,本发明使得线性偏振光形成优异的聚焦效果。
综上所述,本发明同时具有偏振光转换器和聚焦透镜的功能,简化了系统复杂程度,降低了制作难度,增加了器件功能灵活性。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:包括第一玻璃基板层(1)和第二玻璃基板层(3);所述第一玻璃基板层(1)上表面设有第一电极层(4),所述第一电极层(4)上设有第一取向层(5);所述第二玻璃基板层(3)的下表面设有第二电极层(6),第二电极层(6)的下表面设有第二取向层(7);所述第一取向层(5)和第二取向层(7)之间填充有液晶层(2);所述第一电极层(4)呈圆环形,所述第二电极层(6)呈圆柱形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第一玻璃基板层(1)的厚度为0.5mm,直径为3.5mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述液晶层(2)的厚度为10um,直径为3.5mm,所选用的液晶为SLC—9023。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第二玻璃基板层(3)的厚度为0.5mm,直径为3.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第一电极层(4)的厚度为20nm,第一电极层(4)的外环直径为3.5mm,内环直径为2mm,材质为氧化铟锡。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第一取向层(5)的厚度为100nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为聚酰亚胺。
7.根据权利要求6所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第一取向层(4)与液晶层(2)的接触面经摩擦一个方向形成均匀对齐的纹理,诱导液晶层(2)中液晶分子均匀对齐。
8.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第二电极层(6)的厚度为20nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为氧化铟锡。
9.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第二取向层(7)的厚度为100nm,直径为3.5mm,材质为聚酰亚胺。
10.根据权利要求1所述的基于液晶的线性到径向偏振光转换聚焦透镜,其特征在于:所述第二取向层(7)与液晶层(2)的接触面经圆形摩擦形成圆形对齐的纹理,诱导液晶层(2)中液晶分子圆形对齐。
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