CN113865433A - Personnel protective equipment for attenuating shock waves based on energy transfer method - Google Patents

Personnel protective equipment for attenuating shock waves based on energy transfer method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113865433A
CN113865433A CN202111246166.8A CN202111246166A CN113865433A CN 113865433 A CN113865433 A CN 113865433A CN 202111246166 A CN202111246166 A CN 202111246166A CN 113865433 A CN113865433 A CN 113865433A
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layer
bulletproof
shock waves
energy
transfer method
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CN202111246166.8A
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CN113865433B (en
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索涛
范志强
侯兵
豆清波
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/06—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/045—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/20—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising silicone rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/043—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

Abstract

The invention discloses personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves based on an energy transfer method, which is arranged on a human body and comprises a bulletproof layer, an energy attenuation layer and a load buffer layer; the load buffer layer is in direct contact with a human body, and the energy attenuation layer is bonded on the outer side of the load buffer layer through a bonding layer; the bulletproof layer is bonded to the outer side of the energy attenuation layer through another bonding layer. The invention can be used as personnel protection equipment to realize penetration protection of hard momentum blocks such as shot, broken pieces and the like, can reduce impact energy and load of direct impact action of explosive shock waves and momentum blocks on the body surface of personnel, and has higher protection efficiency compared with the traditional protection equipment.

Description

Personnel protective equipment for attenuating shock waves based on energy transfer method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of personnel protection, in particular to personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves based on an energy transfer method.
Background
Personnel protection equipment is the most important individual life safety guarantee system on the battlefield, and can effectively prevent the direct damage of the projectile and the explosive fragments to the body parts of the personnel. However, when a projectile is applied to a bulletproof component in general protective equipment, an inward compression wave is generated by an impact point, the compression wave easily causes the deformation recess depth of a protective layer and a backing layer of the equipment to be increased, and simultaneously, impulse and energy generated by deformation can be directly applied to a human body, so that blunt contusion is generated. In addition, the shock wave generated by the explosion field can also directly act on the body surface of a person through equipment, so that shock wave injury is generated. The main function of the existing personnel protection equipment is bulletproof, and bulletproof components are mainly divided into hard and flexible types, wherein the hard bulletproof components are mainly made of high-strength armor steel, aluminum alloy and other metal bulletproof materials and aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and other ceramic bulletproof plates, and the wearing serviceability of the bulletproof components is poor. The flexible bulletproof component is mainly made of flexible fabric made of carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fiber, high molecular weight polyethylene and other super-strong fibers through means of weaving, knitting and the like, and the common bulletproof grade is lower than that of hard bulletproof equipment. However, in either form of protective equipment, protection against shock and blast transient compressional waves is not currently involved. Researches show that personnel injury caused by explosion shock waves has strong hiding property and hysteresis, and becomes a main factor causing injury and death of soldiers in modern war. The existing personnel protection equipment mainly aims at blocking and protecting the impact damage of fragments and shots, and comprises components such as a hard bulletproof plate, a high-performance fabric and the like, and the attenuation and the dissipation of the impact energy after the explosion shock waves and the shots hit the target are not considered in the personnel protection equipment. The explosion shock wave has high frequency, short wave length and high propagation speed, and almost no loss is generated when the explosion shock wave is propagated in a homogeneous bulletproof plate and a fabric material, so that the explosion shock wave can directly pass through the current personnel protective equipment to act on the body surface of personnel, and hidden injuries such as body surface contusion, impact pause contusion of internal organs and the like are caused. Although a soft foam buffer layer is arranged between the current protective equipment and personnel, the main functions of the soft foam buffer layer are to enhance the wearing comfort and reduce the low-speed impact load, the thickness is very limited, experiments show that the elastic soft foam with smaller thickness has almost no attenuation effect on the impact wave, and the transient compaction of the foam can cause the enhancement and amplification of the impact load borne by the backing.
According to the published information, the protection and attenuation of the impact wave and the impact compression wave mainly adopt the modes of plastic deformation, brittle fracture, viscous heat dissipation and the like of materials, wherein the modes of plastic deformation and brittle fracture have no repeated and multiple impact protection characteristics for attenuating energy; when the viscous dissipation mode is adopted, the frequency and wavelength difference between the shock compression stress wave and the shock wave needs to be considered, and the protection performance to the shock wave is poor. When the elastic foam capable of recovering deformation is used as a buffer layer, the action time of the wave can be prolonged, but the volume is large, and once the foam is compacted, impact enhancement effect can be generated to the action of a person, so that the injury of the person is increased.
Therefore, at present, a protective device which can effectively protect the penetration of the shot and the broken pieces and can attenuate the explosive shock wave and the impact load peak value and the impulse of the shot is urgently needed, the protective efficiency of the individual equipment is improved, and the explosive shock wave injury and the impact blunt contusion after the personnel fight are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves based on an energy transfer method, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, reduce the impact energy and load of direct impact of explosive shock waves and momentum blocks on the body surface of personnel and have higher protection efficiency compared with the traditional protection equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves based on an energy transfer method, which is arranged on a human body and comprises a bulletproof layer, an energy attenuation layer and a load buffer layer; the load buffer layer is in direct contact with a human body, and the energy attenuation layer is bonded on the outer side of the load buffer layer through a bonding layer; the bulletproof layer is bonded to the outer side of the energy attenuation layer through another bonding layer.
The bulletproof layer is one or a combination of a hard bulletproof inserting plate and a flexible bulletproof fabric.
The hard bulletproof flashboard is made of armor steel and aluminum alloy materials or aluminum oxide and silicon carbide; the flexible bulletproof fabric is one or more support fabrics of carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fiber and high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
Further, the hard bulletproof flashboard is made of metal materials such as high-strength armor steel, aluminum alloy and the like, or high-strength ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and the like; the flexible high-performance bulletproof fabric is a fabric with a certain bulletproof grade prepared by one or more of carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fiber and high molecular weight polyethylene fiber through the technologies of tatting, spinning and the like; the bulletproof layer is positioned on the explosion/bullet-facing surface of the whole equipment.
The energy attenuation layer is composed of a flexible hose;
the flexible hose is provided with a plurality of flexible hoses, and the flexible hose forms a three-dimensional staggered mesh channel by adopting any combination mode of winding, inserting and weaving; the ratio of the inner diameter of the flexible hose to the thickness of the hose is not less than 5.
The energy attenuation layer further comprises a valve; the flexible hose is also filled with a liquid medium; the liquid medium is arranged in the flexible hose, is separated from the gaseous medium in the flexible hose through the valve in a blocking way, and forms a liquid tank; the gaseous medium and the valves on the two sides of the gaseous medium form a gas cabin; the liquid cabins and the gas cabins are arranged in the three-dimensional staggered mesh-shaped channel in a staggered mode.
In a further preferred scheme, the weaving, the inserting, the winding and the like are in a flexible hose arrangement and combination mode, the length of the hose in the energy attenuation layer is increased, and the stress state and the flow direction of a medium in the hose are preset through obliquely arranging the hose, so that the shock wave energy is reduced to be converted from a loading direction to a transverse direction in a short time; in addition, through the arrangement and combination mode, a multi-layer flexible pipeline structure is convenient to form, inclined channels among the structures can easily realize geometric scattering on shock waves acting longitudinally, and the attenuation efficiency of the shock waves is improved;
the liquid medium can flow in the hose and has certain viscosity to generate certain damping when flowing in the hose so as to dissipate impact energy;
an interval valve is arranged between the gas cabin and the liquid cabin, when the pressure of the liquid cabin is higher, the valve is pressed to be opened, and the liquid in the liquid cabin can flow into the gas cabin;
the flexible hose is a silicon rubber thin-wall hose or a polyethylene thin-wall hose.
The liquid medium is water or methyl cellulose aqueous solution.
The load buffer layer is made of elastic soft foam material.
In a further preferred scheme, the load buffer layer is made of elastic foam material with certain strength, and the load peak value and the load action time can be reduced through self constant-pressure compression when the load buffer layer bears the impact load; the deformation of the buffer layer can be completely recovered after unloading, so that the impact load buffering effect can be realized for many times.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. the protective equipment provided by the invention is reasonably provided with the bulletproof layer, the energy attenuation layer and the load attenuation layer, the mechanical properties of different materials and structures under impact load are fully utilized, the bulletproof layer is taken as a fragment, a bullet and a shock wave interception layer, the shock wave transmitted from the bulletproof layer and the compression kinetic energy generated by impact acceleration of the bulletproof layer act on the energy attenuation layer at the rear part, and the transverse transfer of partial energy is realized; a load buffer layer is arranged between the energy attenuation layer and personnel, so that the residual load peak value and the loading impulse can be effectively buffered, and the load peak value directly acting on the surface of a human body is reduced. Through the advantages of each structure of above design can be brought into play, make novel protective equipment can all lose efficacy effectual protection to stereoplasm shot fragment and shock wave.
2. According to the device provided by the invention, the energy attenuation interlayer is introduced into the traditional personnel protection equipment, and the impact energy in the vertical direction is mainly converted into the transverse kinetic energy through the flow of fluid in the interlayer, so that the energy transfer and the attenuation of the impact energy borne by personnel are realized; the impact wave can be effectively attenuated, the impact wave directly penetrates through the hard bulletproof layer to act on the body surface of a person, and in addition, the effective attenuation can be carried out on the aftereffect impact load and energy caused by penetration of the elastic sheet into the bulletproof layer.
3. The energy attenuation layer in the device provided by the invention can reasonably design the storage space and the flow direction of the fluid through the winding and weaving technologies of the hose and the like, not only can solve the problems of large fluid inertia and energy transfer efficiency caused by the fact that the impact direction is vertical to the fluid flow direction, but also can improve the action direction of the impact force, and increases the geometric dispersion in the process of propagating the impact wave by utilizing the arrangement orientation of the hose, thereby improving the attenuation efficiency of the impact wave.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the functional layers of protective equipment;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a single layer hose arrangement of an embodiment energy attenuation layer;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the effect of the embodiments in providing attenuation of shock waves by protective gear;
the device comprises a bulletproof layer 1, an energy attenuation layer 2, a load buffer layer 3, a flexible hose 4, a valve 5, a liquid cabin 6 and a gas cabin 7.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves based on an energy transfer method, which is arranged on a human body and comprises a bulletproof layer 1, an energy attenuation layer 2 and a load buffer layer 3; the load buffer layer 3 is directly contacted with a human body, and the energy attenuation layer 2 is adhered to the outer side of the load buffer layer 3 through an adhesive layer; the energy attenuation layer 2 is bonded with the bulletproof layer 1 through another bonding layer.
The bulletproof layer 1 is one or a plurality of combinations of hard bulletproof inserting plates or flexible bulletproof fabrics.
The hard bulletproof flashboard is made of armor steel and aluminum alloy materials or aluminum oxide and silicon carbide; the flexible bulletproof fabric is one or more support fabrics of carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fiber and high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
The energy attenuation layer 2 consists of a flexible hose 4;
the flexible hose 4 is provided with a plurality of flexible hoses, and the flexible hose 4 forms a three-dimensional staggered mesh-shaped channel by adopting any combination mode of winding, inserting and weaving; the ratio of the inner diameter of the flexible hose 4 to the thickness of the tube is not less than 5.
Furthermore, the flexible hose 4 can be formed by winding, inserting and weaving the reticular channels formed by any combination mode respectively and then combined with the flexible hoses of other layers to form a multi-layer three-dimensional structure layer without limiting the sequence of specific combination modes, and the aim of combining the flexible hoses is to increase the length of the flexible hoses in the energy attenuation layer and preset the stress state and the flow direction of media in the hose by obliquely arranging the flexible hoses so as to reduce the energy of the shock wave from the loading direction to the transverse direction in a short time; in addition, through the arrangement and combination mode, a multi-layer flexible pipeline structure is convenient to form, inclined channels among the structures can easily realize geometric scattering on shock waves acting longitudinally, and the attenuation efficiency of the shock waves is improved.
The energy attenuation layer 2 further comprises a valve 5; the flexible hose 4 is also filled with liquid medium; the liquid medium is arranged in the flexible hose 4, is separated from the gaseous medium in the flexible hose 4 through the valve 5, and forms a liquid cabin 6; the gaseous medium and the valves 5 on the two sides form a gas cabin 7; the liquid chambers 6 and the gas chambers 7 are arranged in the three-dimensional staggered mesh channel in a staggered mode.
Further, an air cabin 7 and a liquid cabin 6 are arranged in the energy attenuation layer 2 and communicated with each other. On one hand, the arrangement can interfere the propagation path of the shock wave through the multilayer medium, and generate impedance detuning so as to increase the reflection and transmission times of the shock wave among different media in the layer, thereby improving the peak value of the shock wave and the attenuation efficiency of energy; on the other hand, the liquid enters the air chamber after flowing, and can reversely flow when being impacted again, so that the device can protect against multiple shock waves and has the characteristic of repeated use.
The flexible hose 4 is a silicon rubber thin-wall hose or a polyethylene thin-wall hose.
The liquid medium is water or methyl cellulose water solution.
The load cushion layer 3 is a resilient soft foam material.
In a further preferred scheme, the load buffer layer 3 is made of elastic foam material with certain strength, and can realize the reduction of load peak value and the extension of load action time through self constant pressure compression when bearing impact load; the deformation of the buffer layer can be completely recovered after unloading, so that the impact load buffering effect can be realized for many times.
In a further optimized scheme of the invention, referring to the attached drawing 1, the protective equipment provided by the invention is sequentially divided into a bulletproof layer 1, an energy attenuation layer 2 and a load buffer layer 3 from the bullet/explosion face inwards.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an energy attenuation layer 2 made of a flexible hose 4 by a warp-weft cross-weaving method provided by the present invention mainly includes a flexible hose 4 and a valve 5; the valve 5 divides the flexible hose 4 into a liquid chamber 6 and a gas chamber 7.
The bulletproof layer 1 can be a hard bulletproof component, and the preferred hard bulletproof flashboard is an armor steel plate with a certain thickness or a ceramic plate compounded with a composite material crack-stopping layer;
further, the bulletproof layer 1 can also be a flexible bulletproof component, and the preferable flexible bulletproof layer is a fabric bulletproof layer woven by bulletproof fibers such as Kevlar, aramid fiber and high-density polyethylene fiber, and has the advantages of light weight, comfortable wearing and the like;
the energy attenuation layer 2 is a multi-layer reticular channel formed by winding, inserting, weaving and the like a plurality of flexible hoses 4; the flexible hose 4 has the characteristics of hollowness, thin wall, high elasticity and the like.
Preferably, the flexible hose 4 is a silicone rubber thin-wall hose, and the ratio of the radius to the thickness is more than 5;
the processing modes of winding, inserting, weaving and the like are that the hoses are arranged and combined in a three-dimensional staggered mode, and the hoses among different layers are overlapped in an intersecting mode, so that a multi-layer and multi-direction liquid storage cabin 6 and a multi-direction gas storage cabin 7 are formed.
Preferably, the present embodiment is formed by cross-weaving warp and weft hoses, and the thus formed liquid/gas chamber forms an initial angle of about 45 degrees with the impact loading direction, which is beneficial to reducing the transverse flow inertia of the fluid medium; in addition, the flexible hose 4 between layers has a concave-convex surface, which is beneficial to the shock wave to generate geometric dispersion on the interface between layers and generate multiple transflective behaviors due to wave impedance detuning, thereby improving the peak value of the shock wave and the attenuation efficiency of energy;
preferably, the fluid medium in this embodiment is a 2.2% concentration methyl cellulose aqueous solution, has moderate viscosity and good fluidity, and can increase the kinetic energy dissipation of the fluid in the transverse motion and rapidly convert the energy in the loading direction into the medium flow in the transverse direction;
in this embodiment, the load buffer layer 3 is made of an elastic soft foam material, and the foam material can generate a cellular cell collapse behavior under the action of a stress load exceeding the strength of the foam material, and can slow down the action time of the impact load penetrating from the bulletproof layer and the energy attenuation layer through a large compression stroke, so that the load peak value is reduced, the load action duration is prolonged, and the buffer purpose is achieved.
Preferably, the load buffer layer 3 is EVA foam, a large number of independent cell element holes are filled in the material, the elasticity is good, the density is small, the adaptability to the human environment is good, and different compressive strengths can be obtained by adjusting the density so as to adapt to different load buffer working conditions.
The protective equipment is placed in front of the simulation target body and bears shock wave loading with certain strength, and the shock wave protective performance of the equipment can be evaluated by measuring a pressure time-course curve in the simulation target body. Fig. 3 is a pressure time-course curve inside a simulation target body of the protective equipment provided in the present embodiment, and a comparison shows that after the protective equipment is added, the peak value of the explosion shock wave borne by the simulation target body is reduced by about 35%, and the pressure time-course curve is integrated to obtain the specific impulse of the shock wave borne by the simulation target body when the protective equipment is not added, and a comparison shows that after the protective equipment is added, the specific impulse borne by the simulation target body is reduced by about 65%.
The device provided by the invention can realize effective penetration protection of the shot fragments, can transfer impact energy and momentum acting in a direction vertical to personnel through the provided energy attenuation layer, and can obviously improve the protection efficiency of equipment.
In the energy attenuation layer provided by the embodiment, the flexible hose forms the energy attenuation layer in a penetrating weaving mode, and a plurality of liquid cabins and air cabins communicated through valves are arranged in the energy attenuation layer, so that the structure can bear multiple impact protection; in addition, the flexible hose changes the flow direction of liquid in the hose through a weaving method, and compared with a transversely arranged liquid tank, the inclined liquid tank arrangement can effectively reduce the defects of slow acceleration and low energy transfer efficiency caused by fluid inertia under the action of longitudinal shock waves or shock loads, so that the efficiency of transferring longitudinal shock energy to the transverse direction can be effectively improved.
In the energy buffer layer provided by the embodiment, fluid in the layer can adopt different liquid media, and the specific weight and the energy transfer efficiency of the equipment can be optimally designed by adjusting and controlling parameters such as viscosity, compressibility and fluidity of the fluid media in the liquid cabin.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a personnel protective equipment based on energy transfer method decay shock wave, equips in the human body which characterized in that: comprises a bulletproof layer (1), an energy attenuation layer (2) and a load buffer layer (3); the load buffer layer (3) is in direct contact with a human body, and the energy attenuation layer (2) is bonded to the outer side of the load buffer layer (3) through a bonding layer; the bulletproof layer (1) is bonded to the outer side of the energy attenuation layer (2) through another bonding layer.
2. The energy transfer method-based personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the bulletproof layer (1) is one or a combination of a hard bulletproof inserting plate and a flexible bulletproof fabric.
3. The energy transfer method-based personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves according to claim 2, wherein: the hard bulletproof flashboard is made of armor steel and aluminum alloy materials or aluminum oxide and silicon carbide; the flexible bulletproof fabric is one or more support fabrics of carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fiber and high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
4. The energy transfer method-based personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the energy attenuation layer (2) is composed of a flexible hose (4);
the flexible hose (4) is provided with a plurality of flexible hoses, and the flexible hoses (4) form three-dimensional staggered mesh channels in any combination mode of winding, inserting and weaving; the ratio of the inner diameter of the flexible hose (4) to the thickness of the hose is not less than 5.
5. The energy transfer method-based personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves according to claim 4, wherein: the energy attenuation layer (2) further comprises a valve (5); the flexible hose (4) is also filled with a liquid medium; the liquid medium is arranged in the flexible hose (4), is separated from the gaseous medium in the flexible hose (4) through the valve (5) in a blocking way, and forms a liquid tank (6); the gaseous medium and the valves (5) on both sides form a gas chamber (7); the liquid cabins (6) and the gas cabins (7) are arranged in the three-dimensional staggered mesh-shaped channel in a staggered mode.
6. The energy transfer method-based personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves according to claim 4, wherein: the flexible hose (4) is a silicon rubber thin-wall hose or a polyethylene thin-wall hose.
7. The energy transfer method-based personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves according to claim 5, wherein: the liquid medium is water or methyl cellulose aqueous solution.
8. The energy transfer method-based personnel protection equipment for attenuating shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the load buffer layer (3) is made of elastic soft foam material.
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