CN113862606A - Ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting guide shoe and shoe liner of elevator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting guide shoe and shoe liner of elevator and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113862606A
CN113862606A CN202111167968.XA CN202111167968A CN113862606A CN 113862606 A CN113862606 A CN 113862606A CN 202111167968 A CN202111167968 A CN 202111167968A CN 113862606 A CN113862606 A CN 113862606A
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China
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coating
boron carbide
powder
aluminum
polyhexamethylene adipamide
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CN113862606B (en
Inventor
鲁元
王若虹
杨阳
张建龙
李德标
宁涛
曹博
孙福洋
毕成
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Xian Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute
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Xian Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B50/00—Energy efficient technologies in elevators, escalators and moving walkways, e.g. energy saving or recuperation technologies

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting a guide shoe and a shoe liner of an elevator and a preparation method thereof. The ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator comprises a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating which are sequentially arranged from the surface close to the surface to be coated to the surface far away from the surface to be coated; the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic coating is 200-400 mu m, the thickness of the aluminum coating is 100-200 mu m, and the thickness of the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating is 200-400 mu m. The composite coating comprises a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating which are sequentially arranged from the part close to the surface to be coated to the part far away from the surface to be coated, has abrasion resistance and impact resistance which are obviously higher than those of the surface of a steel guide shoe liner, reduces the abrasion loss by about 55 percent after 80 hours of abrasion, can effectively protect the guide shoe liner and prolongs the service life of the guide shoe liner of the elevator.

Description

Ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting guide shoe and shoe liner of elevator and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal spraying treatment, and particularly relates to a ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting a guide shoe and a shoe liner of an elevator.
Background
The elevator can lead to elevator operation shake with leading boots shoe-pad wearing and tearing, influences the riding comfort, can improve operating stability through increasing the shoe-pad material coefficient of friction, and the coefficient of friction too big can lead to elevator operation in-process frictional force to be on the large side, and the energy consumption increases. The key to the development of a shoe lining material which can reduce friction to reduce energy consumption and has wear resistance and impact resistance is to prolong the service life of the shoe lining, reduce the cost and improve the application breadth of the shoe lining material.
At present, the boots shoe-lining material of leading commonly used includes macromolecular material and steel material, and wherein macromolecular material obtains extensive development owing to have higher adjustable plasticity of performance, and along with modern industrial development, people increase gradually to the requirement of elevator operation, and this has offered more challenges for elevator quality, boots shoe-lining performance and elevator operation condition, satisfies the research and development of the combined material that different boots shoe-lining performance requirements such as corrosion-resistant, self-lubricating, wear-resisting and antifriction, thickness, shape, adhesive force etc. lead, and is reluctant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting a guide shoe and a shoe liner of an elevator and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art. The composite coating comprises a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating which are sequentially arranged from the part close to the surface to be coated to the part far away from the surface to be coated, has abrasion resistance and impact resistance which are obviously higher than those of the surface of a steel guide shoe liner, reduces the abrasion loss by about 55 percent after 80 hours of abrasion, can effectively protect the guide shoe liner and prolongs the service life of the guide shoe liner of the elevator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator is characterized by comprising a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating which are sequentially arranged from the surface close to the surface to be coated to the surface far away from the surface to be coated; the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic coating is 200-400 mu m, the thickness of the aluminum coating is 100-200 mu m, and the thickness of the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating is 200-400 mu m.
The ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator is characterized in that the surface to be coated is a steel surface to be coated.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for preparing the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: spraying boron carbide ceramic powder to the surface to be coated by adopting a plasma spraying process to form a boron carbide ceramic coating, spraying aluminum powder to the boron carbide ceramic coating by adopting the plasma spraying process to form an aluminum coating, and spraying polyhexamethylene adipamide powder to the surface of the aluminum coating by adopting a flame spraying process to form the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating.
The method is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining a boron carbide ceramic coating, and specifically comprising:
step 101, drying raw material boron carbide powder for 60-100 min at the temperature of 100-200 ℃ to obtain boron carbide ceramic powder;
102, spraying the boron carbide ceramic powder in the step 101 to the surface to be coated by adopting a plasma spraying process to obtain a boron carbide ceramic coating;
step two, obtaining the aluminum coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 201, drying raw material aluminum powder for 60-100 min at the temperature of 100-200 ℃ to obtain aluminum powder;
202, spraying the aluminum powder body in the step 201 onto the boron carbide ceramic coating by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an aluminum coating;
step three, obtaining the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 301, drying the raw material polyhexamethylene adipamide powder for 40-80 min at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ to obtain polyhexamethylene adipamide powder;
and 302, spraying the polyhexamethylene adipamide powder in the step 301 onto the surface of the aluminum coating by adopting a flame spraying process to form the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating.
The method as described above, wherein the average particle diameter D of the raw material boron carbide powder in step 101 ispSatisfies the following conditions: 10 μm<Dp<30μm。
The method is characterized in that in the plasma spraying process in the step 102, the arc voltage is 200V-400V, the arc current is 800A-1200A, the nitrogen flow is 40L/min-60L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the hydrogen flow is 20L/min-40L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 20 mm/s-40 mm/s, and the spraying distance is 100 mm-200 mm.
The method as described above, wherein the average particle diameter D of the raw aluminum powder in step 201ASatisfies the following conditions: 20 μm<DA<30μm。
The method is characterized in that in the plasma spraying process in the step 202, the arc voltage is 100V-200V, the arc current is 300A-500A, the nitrogen flow is 10L/min-20L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the hydrogen flow is 10L/min-20L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 40 mm/s-60 mm/s, and the spraying distance is 100 mm-200 mm.
The method is characterized in that in the flame spraying process in the step 302, the flow rate of the compressed air is 300L/min-400L/min, the flow rate of the fuel gas propane is 40L/min-80L/min, the flow rate of the carrier nitrogen is 80L/min-120L/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 60 mm/s-80 mm/s, and the spraying distance is 600 mm-800 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a composite coating, which comprises a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating which are sequentially arranged from the part close to the surface to be coated to the part far away from the surface to be coated, and has the wear resistance and impact resistance which are obviously higher than those of the surface of a steel guide shoe liner, the wear loss is reduced by about 55 percent after the wear lasts for 80 hours, the guide shoe liner can be effectively protected, and the service life of the guide shoe liner of an elevator is prolonged.
2. The composite coating comprises the aluminum coating arranged between the boron carbide ceramic coating and the polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) coating, and the pure aluminum metal coating has toughness, so that the impact resistance of the composite coating can be effectively improved, the stress concentration of the boron carbide ceramic coating and the polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) coating is avoided, and the bonding strength between the coatings is improved.
3. The composite coating comprises a polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) coating, and the characteristics of high wear resistance, high lubricity, adhesion resistance, impact resistance, high stretchability, corrosion resistance and high stability of the nylon 66 are organically combined with other coating materials, so that the characteristics of deformation resistance and cracking resistance of the composite coating are improved.
4. The method for preparing the composite coating comprises the steps of preparing the boron carbide ceramic coating and the aluminum coating by a plasma spraying process, and preparing the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating by a flame spraying process, so that the thickness of the coating can be effectively controlled, and the composite coating for boot lining protection, which is rich in shape and structure and high in adhesive force, is prepared.
5. The composite coating has the advantages of wide raw material source, low cost and wide application prospect.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of the surface of a ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting an elevator guide shoe and shoe liner of example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The implementation provides a ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting a guide shoe and a shoe liner of an elevator, which comprises a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, wherein the boron carbide ceramic coating, the aluminum coating and the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating are sequentially arranged from the part close to the surface to be coated to the part far away from the surface to be coated; the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic coating is 200 mu m, the thickness of the aluminum coating is 100 mu m, and the thickness of the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating is 200 mu m.
The surface to be coated is a surface to be coated of steel.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a method for preparing the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator, which comprises the following steps: carrying out surface rust removal, descaling and oil removal on the surface of the guide shoe and shoe liner of the elevator to be coated to obtain the surface to be coated; the surface of the guide shoe guide bush of the elevator is made of steel 20; the surface material of the guide shoe and shoe liner of the elevator in the embodiment can also be steel 45;
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining a boron carbide ceramic coating, and specifically comprising:
step 101, determining the quality of the raw material boron carbide powder according to the surface area to be coated and the coating thickness, and drying the raw material boron carbide powder for 60min at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain boron carbide ceramic powder; the average particle diameter D of the raw material boron carbide powderpSatisfies the following conditions: 10 μm<Dp<30μm；
102, spraying the boron carbide ceramic powder in the step 101 to the surface to be coated by adopting a plasma spraying process to obtain a boron carbide ceramic coating; in the plasma spraying process, the arc voltage is 200V, the arc current is 800A, the nitrogen flow is 40L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.0MPa, the hydrogen flow is 20L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.0MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 20mm/s, and the spraying distance is 100 mm;
step two, obtaining the aluminum coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 201, drying raw material aluminum powder for 60min at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain aluminum powder; the average particle diameter D of the raw aluminum powderASatisfies the following conditions: 20 μm<DA<30μm；
202, spraying the aluminum powder body in the step 201 onto the boron carbide ceramic coating by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an aluminum coating; in the plasma spraying process, the arc voltage is 100V, the arc current is 300A, the nitrogen flow is 10L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.0MPa, the hydrogen flow is 10L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.0MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 40mm/s, and the spraying distance is 100 mm;
step three, obtaining the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 301, drying the raw material polyhexamethylene adipamide powder for 40min at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain polyhexamethylene adipamide powder;
and 302, spraying the polyhexamethylene adipamide powder in the step 301 onto the surface of the aluminum coating by adopting a flame spraying process to form a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, wherein in the flame spraying process, the flow of compressed air is 300L/min, the flow of fuel gas propane is 40L/min, the flow of carrier nitrogen is 80L/min, the moving speed of a spray gun is 60mm/s, and the spraying distance is 600 mm.
Example 2
The implementation provides a ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting a guide shoe and a shoe liner of an elevator, which comprises a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, wherein the boron carbide ceramic coating, the aluminum coating and the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating are sequentially arranged from the part close to the surface to be coated to the part far away from the surface to be coated; the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic coating is 300 mu m, the thickness of the aluminum coating is 150 mu m, and the thickness of the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating is 300 mu m.
The surface to be coated is a surface to be coated of steel.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a method for preparing the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator, which comprises the following steps: carrying out surface rust removal, descaling and oil removal on the surface of the guide shoe and shoe liner of the elevator to be coated to obtain the surface to be coated; the surface of the guide shoe guide bush of the elevator is made of steel 20; the surface material of the guide shoe and shoe liner of the elevator in the embodiment can also be steel 45;
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining a boron carbide ceramic coating, and specifically comprising:
step 101, determining the quality of raw material boron carbide powder according to the surface area to be coated and the coating thickness, and drying the raw material boron carbide powder for 80min at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain boron carbide ceramic powder; the average particle diameter D of the raw material boron carbide powderpSatisfies the following conditions: 10 μm<Dp<30μm；
102, spraying the boron carbide ceramic powder in the step 101 to the surface to be coated by adopting a plasma spraying process to obtain a boron carbide ceramic coating; in the plasma spraying process, the arc voltage is 300V, the arc current is 1000A, the nitrogen flow is 50L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.5MPa, the hydrogen flow is 30L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.5MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 30mm/s, and the spraying distance is 150 mm;
step two, obtaining the aluminum coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 201, drying raw material aluminum powder for 80min at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain aluminum powder; the average particle diameter D of the raw aluminum powderASatisfies the following conditions: 20 μm<DA<30μm；
202, spraying the aluminum powder body in the step 201 onto the boron carbide ceramic coating by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an aluminum coating; in the plasma spraying process, the arc voltage is 150V, the arc current is 400A, the nitrogen flow is 15L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.5MPa, the hydrogen flow is 15L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.5MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 50mm/s, and the spraying distance is 150 mm;
step three, obtaining the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 301, drying the raw material polyhexamethylene adipamide powder for 60min at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain polyhexamethylene adipamide powder;
and 302, spraying the polyhexamethylene adipamide powder in the step 301 onto the surface of the aluminum coating by adopting a flame spraying process to form a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, wherein in the flame spraying process, the flow of compressed air is 350L/min, the flow of fuel gas propane is 60L/min, the flow of carrier nitrogen is 100L/min, the moving speed of a spray gun is 70mm/s, and the spraying distance is 700 mm.
The structure of the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The implementation provides a ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting a guide shoe and a shoe liner of an elevator, which comprises a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, wherein the boron carbide ceramic coating, the aluminum coating and the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating are sequentially arranged from the part close to the surface to be coated to the part far away from the surface to be coated; the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic coating is 400 mu m, the thickness of the aluminum coating is 200 mu m, and the thickness of the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating is 400 mu m.
The surface to be coated is a surface to be coated of steel.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a method for preparing the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator, which comprises the following steps: carrying out surface rust removal, descaling and oil removal on the surface of the guide shoe and shoe liner of the elevator to be coated to obtain the surface to be coated; the surface material of the elevator guide shoe guide bush is steel 20, and the surface material of the elevator guide shoe bush in the embodiment can also be steel 45;
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining a boron carbide ceramic coating, and specifically comprising:
step 101, determining the quality of the raw material boron carbide powder according to the surface area to be coated and the coating thickness, and drying the raw material boron carbide powder for 100min at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain boron carbide ceramic powder; the average particle diameter D of the raw material boron carbide powderpSatisfies the following conditions: 10 μm<Dp<30μm；
102, spraying the boron carbide ceramic powder in the step 101 to the surface to be coated by adopting a plasma spraying process to obtain a boron carbide ceramic coating; in the plasma spraying process, the arc voltage is 400V, the arc current is 1200A, the nitrogen flow is 60L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 2.0MPa, the hydrogen flow is 40L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 2.0MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 40mm/s, and the spraying distance is 200 mm;
step two, obtaining the aluminum coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 201, drying raw material aluminum powder for 100min at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain aluminum powder; the average particle diameter D of the raw aluminum powderASatisfies the following conditions: 20 μm<DA<30μm；
202, spraying the aluminum powder body in the step 201 onto the boron carbide ceramic coating by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an aluminum coating; in the plasma spraying process, the arc voltage is 200V, the arc current is 500A, the nitrogen flow is 20L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 2.0MPa, the hydrogen flow is 20L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 2.0MPa, the moving speed of a spray gun is 60mm/s, and the spraying distance is 200 mm;
step three, obtaining the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 301, baking the raw material polyhexamethylene adipamide powder for 80min at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain polyhexamethylene adipamide powder;
and 302, spraying the polyhexamethylene adipamide powder in the step 301 onto the surface of the aluminum coating by adopting a flame spraying process to form the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, wherein in the flame spraying process, the flow of compressed air is 400L/min, the flow of fuel gas propane is 80L/min, the flow of carrier nitrogen is 120L/min, the moving speed of a spray gun is 80mm/s, and the spraying distance is 800 mm.
The structure of the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1.
And (3) performance testing:
fig. 1 is a metallographic photograph of the surface of the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator in example 1, and it can be clearly observed from fig. 1 that the bonding condition between the substrate and the coating is good, the microstructure of the coating is uniform, the structure is compact, and no large pores or cracks appear, which indicates that a compact coating can be formed by the method of the present invention, and the compact structure of the coating is further ensured.
The results of the abrasion amount test of the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator of examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1, and the abrasion amount test was performed by using a frictional abrasion tester, wherein the applied load was 200N, the rotation speed was 2000r/min, and the abrasion time was 40h, 60h, and 80h, respectively.
Table 1 abrasion resistance test experimental results
Sample (I) Abrasion 40h (mg) Abrasion 60h (mg) Abrasion 80h (mg)
20 steel 125 147 173
Example 1 62 78 91
Example 2 69 74 82
Example 3 59 70 77
As can be seen from Table 1, under the same frictional wear test conditions, the wear amount of the elevator guide shoe liner adopting the coating of the invention is far smaller than that of the elevator guide shoe liner without the protection of the coating, which indicates that the composite coating of the invention can effectively improve the wear resistance and impact resistance of the elevator guide shoe liner.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The ceramic metal nylon composite coating for protecting the guide shoe and the shoe liner of the elevator is characterized by comprising a boron carbide ceramic coating, an aluminum coating and a polyhexamethylene adipamide coating which are sequentially arranged from the surface close to the surface to be coated to the surface far away from the surface to be coated; the thickness of the boron carbide ceramic coating is 200-400 mu m, the thickness of the aluminum coating is 100-200 mu m, and the thickness of the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating is 200-400 mu m.
2. The elevator guide shoe liner protective ceramic metal nylon composite coating of claim 1, wherein the surface to be coated is a steel surface to be coated.
3. A method of preparing the ceramic metal nylon composite coating for elevator guide shoe liner protection of claim 1, comprising: spraying boron carbide ceramic powder to the surface to be coated by adopting a plasma spraying process to form a boron carbide ceramic coating, spraying aluminum powder to the boron carbide ceramic coating by adopting the plasma spraying process to form an aluminum coating, and spraying polyhexamethylene adipamide powder to the surface of the aluminum coating by adopting a flame spraying process to form the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating.
4. The method according to claim 3, comprising in particular:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining a boron carbide ceramic coating, and specifically comprising:
step 101, drying raw material boron carbide powder for 60-100 min at the temperature of 100-200 ℃ to obtain boron carbide ceramic powder;
102, spraying the boron carbide ceramic powder in the step 101 to the surface to be coated by adopting a plasma spraying process to obtain a boron carbide ceramic coating;
step two, obtaining the aluminum coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 201, drying raw material aluminum powder for 60-100 min at the temperature of 100-200 ℃ to obtain aluminum powder;
202, spraying the aluminum powder body in the step 201 onto the boron carbide ceramic coating by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an aluminum coating;
step three, obtaining the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 301, drying the raw material polyhexamethylene adipamide powder for 40-80 min at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ to obtain polyhexamethylene adipamide powder;
and 302, spraying the polyhexamethylene adipamide powder in the step 301 onto the surface of the aluminum coating by adopting a flame spraying process to form the polyhexamethylene adipamide coating.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the mean particle size D of the raw boron carbide powder in step 101 ispSatisfies the following conditions: 10 μm<Dp<30μm。
6. The method of claim 4, wherein in the plasma spraying process of step 102, the arc voltage is 200V-400V, the arc current is 800A-1200A, the nitrogen flow rate is 40L/min-60L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the hydrogen flow rate is 20L/min-40L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the moving speed of the spray gun is 20 mm/s-40 mm/s, and the spraying distance is 100 mm-200 mm.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein said raw aluminum powder of step 201 has an average particle size DASatisfies the following conditions: 20 μm<DA<30μm。
8. The method of claim 4, wherein in the plasma spraying process of step 202, the arc voltage is 100V-200V, the arc current is 300A-500A, the nitrogen flow rate is 10L/min-20L/min, the nitrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the hydrogen flow rate is 10L/min-20L/min, the hydrogen pressure is 1.0 MPa-2.0 MPa, the moving speed of the spray gun is 40 mm/s-60 mm/s, and the spraying distance is 100 mm-200 mm.
9. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the flame spraying process of step 302, the flow rate of the compressed air is 300L/min-400L/min, the flow rate of the gas propane is 40L/min-80L/min, the flow rate of the carrier nitrogen is 80L/min-120L/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 60 mm/s-80 mm/s, and the spraying distance is 600 mm-800 mm.
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