CN113859555A - A oil feeding system for long time of flight unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
A oil feeding system for long time of flight unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113859555A CN113859555A CN202111052260.XA CN202111052260A CN113859555A CN 113859555 A CN113859555 A CN 113859555A CN 202111052260 A CN202111052260 A CN 202111052260A CN 113859555 A CN113859555 A CN 113859555A
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
- B64D37/02—Tanks
- B64D37/06—Constructional adaptations thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
- B64D37/005—Accessories not provided for in the groups B64D37/02 - B64D37/28
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
- B64U50/10—Propulsion
- B64U50/11—Propulsion using internal combustion piston engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an oil supply system for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle, aiming at the oil supply requirement of the long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle, which adopts the design of two main oil tanks and one anti-bubble oil tank, and reasonably designs and arranges the appearance of the oil tank, the position of an oil nozzle and the pipeline connection, thereby realizing the effects of large oil carrying capacity and small residual oil quantity, effectively discharging bubbles in the oil supply system, and providing sufficient fuel oil with smooth oil supply for an engine. In addition, a fuel quantity monitoring system is arranged, so that the fuel consumption condition can be monitored in real time, and a warning can be given out before the fuel is exhausted, so that ground control personnel can carry out emergency treatment. The oil supply system can maintain the long-term endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the safety of oil supply can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oil supply system for an unmanned aerial vehicle during long endurance.
Background
Long-endurance drones are generally considered to be drones with a duration of flight of more than 24 hours. For realizing lasting continuation of journey, have very high requirement to this type of unmanned aerial vehicle's oil feeding system. The fuel weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle occupies most of the total weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle during long-term navigation so as to maintain the long-term endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and therefore the used fuel tank has larger capacity. In order to effectively utilize fuel oil to realize long-time endurance, the residual oil quantity of the fuel tank is as small as possible. In addition, unmanned aerial vehicle flight time is long during long voyage, and the flight in-process often receives the air current interference, and flight state changes greatly to the engine operation can lead to the organism vibrations, produces the bubble easily in the oil circuit, if the engine bubble of inhaling, will the job stabilization, flame-out even, influence unmanned aerial vehicle's flight safety. At long-time flight in-process, unmanned aerial vehicle's oil consumption rate can be constantly changed because of factors such as air current interference, consequently can not estimate the fuel consumption condition comparatively accurately, need add oil mass monitoring device in its oil feeding system, avoids unmanned aerial vehicle to fall because of the fuel oil is exhausted and the accident.
Simultaneously, oil tank shape is single in conventional unmanned aerial vehicle oil feeding system, has and can not utilize the fuselage inner space completely, and the problem that residual oil mass is big, and the oil circuit is simple, lacks the security design of pertinence, is difficult to satisfy unmanned aerial vehicle's special demand during long voyage. Therefore, an oil supply system is required to be specially designed for long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles so as to guarantee uninterrupted flight of the unmanned aerial vehicles. Aiming at the requirement of the unmanned aerial vehicle on the oil supply system during long-endurance, the invention designs a set of oil supply system, which can maintain the long endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle and ensure the safety of oil supply.
Disclosure of Invention
As the fuel supply system of long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle, it is necessary to provide sufficient fuel for the engine to maintain long-time flight. According to the design of the oil tank of the oil supply system for the long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle, the internal space of the unmanned aerial vehicle body is fully utilized, the oil carrying capacity is improved, and meanwhile, the shape and the oil nozzle of the oil tank are specially designed by combining the flight attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that most of fuel oil in the oil tank can be discharged, and the residual oil quantity is small.
The inventor further considers that due to the fact that the fuel carrying capacity of the fuel tank is large, if only a single fuel tank is used, when the posture of the unmanned aerial vehicle changes, fuel in the fuel tank can shake violently, the gravity center of the unmanned aerial vehicle changes greatly, and the stability of flight is affected. In addition, considering the problems that the vibration of the engine body, the interference of air flow, the continuous change of the flying attitude and the exhaustion of fuel oil of a single oil tank all easily cause the air bubbles mixed in the oil path and influence the working stability of the engine, the invention further provides an anti-air bubble oil tank in one embodiment, which is used for discharging the air bubbles in the oil supply system and improving the flying safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Furthermore, in order to master the consumption condition of the fuel, a fuel quantity monitoring system is added, and in one embodiment of the invention, a fuel exhaustion alarm mechanism is further provided, so that ground control personnel can carry out emergency treatment.
Drawings
Fig. 1, 2 and 3 show a perspective view, a side view and a top view, respectively, of an oil supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows an overall appearance of a front main fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view of a front main fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view of a front main fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows an overall appearance of an anti-bubble fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a front view of an anti-bubble fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9, 10 and 11 are views for illustrating the operation of an anti-bubble fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12, 13 and 14 are views for illustrating an operation of an oil supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
1) The system component is connected with the pipeline
An oil supply system for a long endurance drone according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, and includes a front main oil tank (1), a rear main oil tank (2) and an anti-bubble oil tank (4). The side view of the oil supply system is shown in fig. 2, and the highest position of the anti-bubble oil tank (4) is lower than the lowest positions of the front main oil tank (1) and the rear main oil tank (2). Preceding main tank adds oil pipe (5), preceding main tank breather pipe (6), back main tank adds oil pipe (7), back main tank breather pipe (8) and prevents that bubble oil tank breather pipe (9) respectively have one end and are connected with preceding main tank (1), back main tank (2) and prevent bubble oil tank (4) respectively, and respective other end is fixed in the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage. Wherein, the position of one end of the air vent pipe (9) of the anti-bubble oil tank, which is not connected with the anti-bubble oil tank (4), is higher than the front main oil tank (1) and the rear main oil tank (2). As shown in fig. 3, the front oil outlet pipe (12) and the rear oil outlet pipe (10) connect the front main oil tank (1) and the rear main oil tank (2) with the anti-bubble oil tank (4). An engine oil supply pipe (3) is led out from the bottom of the anti-bubble oil tank (4) to supply oil to the engine. As shown in fig. 3, a fuel amount sensor (13) is installed at the lowest portion of the front main fuel tank (1), and a fuel amount alarm (11) is installed on the front surface of the anti-bubble fuel tank (4). Whole oil feeding system all installs in unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage.
2) Main oil tank
The front main fuel tanks (1) and the rear main fuel tanks (2) may differ only in length, here the front main fuel tanks (1) are taken as an example. The overall profile of the front main fuel tank (1) is shown in fig. 4. Fig. 5 is a front view of a front main fuel tank (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention, a bottom surface (19) of the front main fuel tank (1) is V-shaped and supported by a corresponding V-shaped structure in the fuselage of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a side surface (18) is attached to the inner surface of the fuselage of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and a top portion (17) extends upward until being limited by the inner structure of the fuselage, so that the inner space of the fuselage is fully utilized, and the fuel loading is increased. As shown in fig. 6, the front surface (22) and the rear surface (20) of the front main fuel tank (1) are both limited by the internal structure of the fuselage; the front main oil tank (1) and the rear main oil tank (2) are separated by an inner structure of the fuselage. The design of adopting two main oil tanks according to the embodiment of the invention is equivalent to that a single large oil tank is divided into two sections, so that the change of the gravity center position of the unmanned aerial vehicle caused by the shaking of fuel oil (21) is slowed down, and the flight stability and safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle are improved.
As shown in figure 6, the top of the front main oil tank (1) is provided with an oil filling port (14) and an air vent (15), the oil outlet (16) is positioned at the lowest and most backward position and is in an L shape facing backwards, so that the front oil outlet pipe (12) connected with the oil outlet (16) is close to the bottom surface of the front main oil tank (1), the occupied machine body space is reduced, the height of the front main oil tank (1) can be designed to be larger, and the integral volume is improved. Because the bottom surface (19) of the front main fuel tank (1) is V-shaped, and the unmanned aerial vehicle generally has a certain elevation angle during flying, fuel (21) is concentrated towards the fuel outlet (16) under the action of gravity, as shown in fig. 6. Therefore, most of the fuel (21) can be discharged from the fuel outlet (16) at the end, and the residual fuel quantity in the front main fuel tank (1) is little.
3) Anti-bubble oil tank
As shown in fig. 7, the entire anti-bubble fuel tank (4) has a cubic shape. Fig. 8 is a front view of the anti-bubble fuel tank (4) with the top surface (25) in the shape of an inverted "V" and the bottom surface (26) in the shape of a "V". A pair of oil inlets (24) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the anti-bubble oil tank (4), an anti-bubble oil tank air vent (23) with an upward opening is formed in the top of the anti-bubble oil tank, an engine oil supply port (27) is formed in the bottom of the anti-bubble oil tank, fuel oil (21) can naturally flow out by utilizing gravity, the anti-bubble oil tank is L-shaped, an engine oil supply pipe (3) can be closer to the bottom surface (26) of the anti-bubble oil tank (4), and the whole space is compact.
When the fuel supply system is operating normally, the fuel (21) in the front main fuel tank (1) and the rear main fuel tank (2) will fill the anti-bubble fuel tank (4) through the front outlet pipe (12) and the rear outlet pipe (10), as shown in fig. 9. As shown in figure 10, when air bubbles (28) enter the anti-bubble oil tank (4) from the oil inlet (24), the air bubbles naturally concentrate upwards, and when the number of the air bubbles (28) is large, the air bubbles concentrate to form large air bubbles (29). Since the anti-bubble oil tank vent pipe (9) is communicated with the atmosphere, the large bubbles (29) are gradually discharged through the anti-bubble oil tank vent pipe (9). Because the shape of the top surface (25) of the anti-bubble oil tank is inverted V-shaped, most of the bubbles (28) can be driven to the vent pipe (9) of the anti-bubble oil tank, and the residual quantity of the bubbles (28) is small. Therefore, the anti-bubble oil tank (4) has stronger capacity of discharging the bubbles (28), and can effectively avoid unstable operation and even flameout of the engine due to the bubbles (28).
As shown in fig. 11, after the fuel (21) of the front main fuel tank (1) and the rear main fuel tank (2) is completely exhausted, a certain amount of residual fuel (21) remains in the anti-bubble fuel tank (4), which can provide a certain safe fuel amount for the unmanned aerial vehicle. Because the bottom surface (26) of the anti-bubble oil tank is V-shaped, the residual fuel (21) concentrates towards the oil supply port (27) of the engine in the discharging process, so that most of the fuel (21) can be discharged, and the residual oil quantity is small.
4) Oil mass monitoring system
The oil quantity monitoring system comprises an oil quantity sensor (13) and an oil quantity alarm (11). The oil mass sensor (13) is arranged at the lowest part of the front main oil tank (1) and can detect the height of the liquid level in the front main oil tank (1) so as to convert the height to obtain the residual oil mass in the oil supply system. The oil mass alarm (11) is installed at the front surface of preventing bubble oil tank (4), and fuel (21) are exhausted in current main fuel tank (1) and back main fuel tank (2), when preventing liquid level in bubble oil tank (4) and being less than oil mass alarm (11), will send out the police dispatch newspaper, remind unmanned aerial vehicle ground control personnel to carry out emergency treatment.
The advantages and beneficial effects of the invention include:
1) the main fuel tank divide into two, avoids the fuel to rock and causes the centrobaric change by a wide margin of unmanned aerial vehicle, has improved flight security. The main fuel tank make full use of unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage inner space, the fuel loading capacity is big.
2) The V-shaped bottom surfaces of the main oil tank and the anti-bubble oil tank can lead the fuel to be concentrated towards the respective oil outlets. The arrangement of main oil tank oil-out combines together with unmanned aerial vehicle flight gesture for the oil tank residual oil mass is few, but make full use of fuel.
3) The anti-bubble oil tank can effectively discharge bubbles in an oil way, and the stable operation of the engine is guaranteed.
4) The anti-bubble oil tank is lower than the main oil tank, so that the anti-bubble oil tank can be filled with fuel before the fuel in the main oil tank is exhausted. After the main fuel tank fuel exhausts, still can provide certain safe oil mass in the anti-bubble fuel tank, can provide the guarantee for unmanned aerial vehicle flight safety.
5) Through oil mass monitoring system, unmanned aerial vehicle ground control personnel can keep watch on the oil mass at any time, masters the oil consumption condition. When the fuel is about to be exhausted, the fuel quantity monitoring system can give an alarm, so that ground control personnel have an opportunity to perform emergency treatment under the support of safe fuel quantity.
Refueling process
As shown in fig. 12, during refueling, fuel (21) is injected into the fuel supply system through the front main tank filler pipe (5) and the rear main tank filler pipe (7). At the moment, the front main oil tank vent pipe (6), the rear main oil tank vent pipe (8) and the anti-bubble oil tank vent pipe (9) are communicated with the atmosphere, so that the anti-bubble oil tank (4) can be automatically filled with the fuel oil (21), and the liquid level of the fuel oil (21) is kept flat.
Oil supply process
As shown in fig. 13, in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the front main fuel tank oil filling pipe (5), the front main fuel tank vent pipe (6), the rear main fuel tank oil filling pipe (7), the rear main fuel tank vent pipe (8) and the anti-bubble fuel tank vent pipe (9) are all communicated with the atmosphere, the engine in operation continuously extracts fuel oil (21) from the engine oil supply pipe (3), and the residual oil amount in the oil supply system can be monitored in real time through the oil amount sensor (13). In the process, air bubbles (28) possibly generated in the oil supply system are discharged from the air bubble prevention oil tank (4) before entering the engine, the oil supply is smooth, the fuel (21) extracted by the engine does not contain the air bubbles (28), and the engine works stably.
As shown in fig. 14, after the fuel (21) in the main fuel tank (1) and the rear main fuel tank (2) is exhausted, the liquid level of the fuel (21) remaining in the anti-bubble fuel tank (4) will send a warning to the ground control personnel once being lower than the fuel alarm (11), and at the moment, the remaining safe fuel can still ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle performs certain emergency operation.
After the unmanned aerial vehicle finishes flying, refuel again, this set of oil feeding system can reuse.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an oil feeding system for unmanned aerial vehicle during long endurance, its characterized in that includes:
a front main oil tank (1), a rear main oil tank (2) and an anti-bubble oil tank (4), wherein the highest position of the anti-bubble oil tank (4) is lower than the lowest positions of the front main oil tank (1) and the rear main oil tank (2),
a front main oil tank oil filling pipe (5), one end of which is connected with the front main oil tank (1),
a front main oil tank vent pipe (6), one end of which is connected with the front main oil tank (1),
a rear main oil tank oil filling pipe (7), one end of which is connected with the rear main oil tank (2),
a rear main oil tank vent pipe (8), one end of which is connected with the rear main oil tank (2),
an anti-bubble oil tank vent pipe (9), one end of which is connected with the anti-bubble oil tank (4), and the other end of which is higher than the front main oil tank (1) and the rear main oil tank (2),
a front oil outlet pipe (12) connecting the front main oil tank (1) and the anti-bubble oil tank (4),
a rear oil outlet pipe (10) connecting the rear main oil tank (2) with the anti-bubble oil tank (4),
an engine oil supply pipe (3) led out from the bottom of the anti-bubble oil tank (4) is used for supplying oil to the engine,
an oil filling port (14) and an air vent (15) which are arranged at the top of the front main oil tank (1),
an oil outlet (16) arranged at the bottom of the front main oil tank (1),
an oil filling port and an air vent which are arranged at the top of the rear main oil tank (2),
an oil outlet arranged at the bottom of the rear main oil tank (2),
an engine oil supply port (27) provided at the bottom of the anti-bubble oil tank (4), an oil amount sensor (13) installed at the lowest portion of the front main oil tank (1) for detecting the height of the liquid level in the front main oil tank (1),
and the fuel quantity alarm (11) is used for giving an alarm when the fuel (21) in the current main fuel tank (1) and the rear main fuel tank (2) is exhausted and the liquid level in the anti-bubble fuel tank (4) is lower than the fuel quantity alarm (11).
2. The oil supply system for a long endurance drone of claim 1, wherein:
bottom surface (19) of preceding main fuel tank (1) are "V" shape, are supported by the "V" shape structure that corresponds in the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage, and side (18) laminating unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage internal surface of preceding main fuel tank (1), top (17) of preceding main fuel tank (1) upwards extend to by the fuselage inner structure spacing.
3. The oil supply system for a long endurance drone of claim 1, wherein:
the front surface (22) and the rear surface (20) of the front main oil tank (1) are limited by the internal structure of the machine body;
the front main oil tank (1) and the rear main oil tank (2) are separated by an inner structure of the fuselage.
4. An oil supply system for a long endurance drone according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the oil outlet (16) of the front main oil tank (1) is positioned at the lowest and most rear position of the front main oil tank (1) and is in an L shape facing backwards,
the front oil outlet pipe (12) connected with the oil outlet (16) is close to the bottom surface of the front main oil tank (1).
5. An oil supply system for a long endurance drone according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the whole anti-bubble oil tank (4) is in a cubic shape, the top surface (25) is in an inverted V shape, and the bottom surface (26) is in a V shape.
6. An oil supply system for a long endurance drone according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the left side and the right side of the anti-bubble oil tank (4) are respectively provided with an oil inlet (24),
the top of the anti-bubble oil tank (4) is provided with an anti-bubble oil tank vent hole (23) with an upward opening,
the engine oil supply port (27) is in an L shape facing to the right,
an engine oil supply pipe (3) connected to an engine oil supply port (27) is adjacent to the bottom surface (26) of the anti-bubble oil tank (4).
7. Oil supply method for a long endurance drone, based on an oil supply system for a long endurance drone according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising:
when in refueling, fuel (21) is respectively injected into the front main fuel tank (1) and the rear main fuel tank (2) through a front main fuel tank refueling pipe (5) and a rear main fuel tank refueling pipe (7), and simultaneously a front main fuel tank vent pipe (6), a rear main fuel tank vent pipe (8) and a bubble-proof fuel tank vent pipe (9) are all communicated with the atmosphere, so that the fuel is filled in the bubble-proof fuel tank (4),
when in oil supply, the front main oil tank oil filling pipe (5), the front main oil tank vent pipe (6), the rear main oil tank oil filling pipe (7), the rear main oil tank vent pipe (8) and the anti-bubble oil tank vent pipe (9) are communicated with the atmosphere, so that the engine in operation continuously pumps fuel oil (21) from the engine oil supply pipe (3),
the residual oil quantity in the oil supply system is monitored in real time through an oil quantity sensor (13),
air bubbles (28) possibly generated in the oil supply system are discharged in an air bubble prevention oil tank (4) before entering the engine,
when the fuel (21) in the front main fuel tank (1) and the rear main fuel tank (2) is exhausted and the liquid level of the residual fuel (21) in the anti-bubble fuel tank (4) is lower than a preset value, a warning is sent out through a fuel quantity alarm (11), and emergency operation is carried out by utilizing the residual fuel quantity.
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| CN115783277A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-14 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | Lightweight special-shaped composite oil tank |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115783277A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-14 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | Lightweight special-shaped composite oil tank |
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