CN113859295A

CN113859295A - Multistage energy-absorbing structure

Info

Publication number: CN113859295A
Application number: CN202111097866.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李刚; 孙泽; 张春林; 石磊
Original assignee: CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-18
Filing date: 2021-09-18
Publication date: 2021-12-31

Abstract

A multistage energy absorption structure is characterized in that a first-stage energy absorption area is arranged behind anti-climbing teeth, a second-stage energy absorption area is arranged between the first-stage energy absorption area and a coupler mounting seat, and the section of a crushing box of the first-stage energy absorption area is a rectangular variable section and is positioned on two sides of the energy absorption area; the crushing box in the second-stage energy absorption area has two structures, one is that two cuboid crushing boxes in the outer side bear as a main body, and the other is that two trapezoidal terrace crushing boxes in the inner side bear as an auxiliary. According to finite element simulation calculation, the thicknesses of the outer box body and the box core determine that the platform force value in the collision process is in the range of 2000KN, and the absorbed energy value is met, so that the rear part of the vehicle body is protected. The invention can change the internal structure to improve the force value in the crushing process to obtain larger energy absorption range; the energy absorption structure is more stable in vertical and transverse rigidity, the complete energy absorption and deformation process is facilitated, the collision speed is greatly improved through simulation verification, and the safety of a train is improved.

Description

Multistage energy-absorbing structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy absorption of railway vehicles, and particularly relates to a design of a multi-stage energy absorption structure.

Background

At present, urban railway vehicles in China mostly rely on car couplers, planing crushing pipes and other energy-absorbing elements for energy absorption, and the front end structure of the vehicle body only absorbs a small part of energy, particularly the conventional primary energy-absorbing structure shown in figure 1. Due to the limitation of conditions such as train spacing and vehicle limit, the energy absorbed by energy absorbing elements such as a coupler is very limited, and the requirement of collision of 25km/h can be met at most. The stability is poor and the energy absorption requirement of collision at higher speed cannot be met. The design and verification requirements of collision safety of different projects are different greatly, a subway train is usually formed by 6-8 marshalls, the collision grade only meets the C-II grade specified by EN15227, and the specific requirements of the collision grade are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1EN15227 Collision rating requirement

With the development of rail transportation, the demand of vehicle transportation volume is continuously increased, and the number of marshalling and passenger capacity of trains are increased. Therefore, energy absorption of the front end structure of the vehicle becomes a main research target for improving the passive safety protection performance of the vehicle, and the collision deformation energy absorption structure of the front end of the vehicle mainly aims at researching the end structure of the underframe.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to improve an energy absorption structure, improve the energy absorption value and improve the collision grade of a train.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-stage energy absorption structure, which is characterized in that: the anti-climbing car coupler comprises a first-stage energy absorption area and a second-stage energy absorption area, wherein the first-stage energy absorption area is arranged behind anti-climbing teeth, the second-stage energy absorption area is arranged between the first-stage energy absorption area and a car coupler mounting seat, and crushing boxes are arranged in the two-stage energy absorption areas, wherein the sections of the crushing boxes of the first-stage energy absorption area are rectangular variable sections and are positioned on two sides of the energy absorption areas; the crushing boxes of the second-stage energy absorption area have two structures, one is that two cuboid crushing boxes on the outer side are taken as main bodies for bearing, the other is that two trapezoidal terrace crushing boxes on the inner side are taken as auxiliary bearings, all the crushing box structures are mainly formed by welding an outer box body, a box core and a partition plate, crushing holes are formed in the side face of each box body, and the thickness of the outer box bodies of all the crushing boxes is 3-5 mm; the thickness of the box core is 5-6 mm; the thickness of the partition board is 3-5 mm.

Furthermore, the two cuboid crushing boxes of the second-stage energy absorption area correspond to the center of the variable-section box body with the rectangular section of the first-stage energy absorption area, so that the primary crushing load is directly transmitted to the second-stage crushing boxes to the maximum extent.

Furthermore, the upper bottoms of the two trapezoidal crushing boxes are arranged forward symmetrically, so that sufficient space is provided for swinging of the car coupler.

Furthermore, the thickness of the anti-collision beam is 8-10mm, the anti-collision beam can resist the impact force below 4000KN, and the anti-collision beam plays a role in protecting the rear structure.

According to finite element simulation calculation, the thicknesses of the outer box body and the box core determine that the platform force value is in the range of 2000KN in the collision process through the matching of the numerical values, and the absorbed energy value is met, so that the rear part of the vehicle body is protected.

Through structural analysis and calculation verification, the invention is obviously improved compared with the prior art, the energy-absorbing element has good energy-absorbing capacity, and the internal structure can be changed to improve the force value in the crushing process so as to obtain a larger energy-absorbing range; the energy absorption structure is more stable in vertical and transverse rigidity, and is favorable for the complete implementation of the energy absorption deformation process. The following are the simulation verification results calculated by simulation and the calculated values.

The invention meets the requirements that 10 carriages running at the speed of 36km/h collide with another same train, the plastic strain of the living space of a passenger area does not exceed 10 percent, the maximum average deceleration is 2.2g and is lower than 5 g. Compared with the existing 25km/h first-level energy absorption structure vehicle, the collision speed is greatly improved.

The invention meets the requirement that 10 carriages collide on a deformable barrier of 15t at the speed of 80km/h, the plastic strain of the living space of a passenger area does not exceed 10 percent, and the maximum average deceleration is 5.8g and is lower than 7.5 g. Compared with the existing 25km/h primary energy absorption structure vehicle, the safety of the train is improved.

Drawings

FIGS. 1a and 1b are schematic views of a conventional primary energy absorbing form;

FIG. 2 is an overall schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a primary energy absorption unit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a secondary rectangular energy absorbing unit of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a two-stage trapezoidal energy absorbing unit according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in FIG. 2, the whole energy absorption structure is divided into a first-stage energy absorption area I, an anti-collision beam II and a second-stage energy absorption area III. Distinguish according to the order of energy-absorbing, first order energy-absorbing district is located foremost, includes that two have the conquassation case 3 of preventing climbing tooth 2, and this conquassation case section is the variable cross section box of rectangle, improves the conquassation value through the even increase in cross-section. And an anti-collision beam II is arranged behind the first-stage energy absorption area, the thickness of the anti-collision beam II is 8-10mm, a high-strength carbon steel plate box type is adopted for splicing and welding, and the anti-collision beam is used as a middle transition element and can stably transmit the energy after the first-stage energy absorption area is impacted to the second-stage energy absorption area. First-level energy-absorbing district contains two kinds of conquassation case, and wherein cuboid conquassation case 5 bears as the main part, and trapezoidal terrace conquassation case 6 bears as supplementary for stabilize the conquassation process and improve the platform power of conquassation in-process. The upper bottoms of the two trapezoidal prismatic table crushing boxes are arranged forward symmetrically, so that sufficient space is provided for swing of the car coupler. According to the distribution of the crushing force values, the two cuboid crushing boxes 5 in the second energy absorption area correspond to the variable cross-section box body 3 with the rectangular cross section in the first energy absorption area in the front-back direction. The crushing box structure is mainly formed by welding an outer box body, a partition plate and a box core, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of each box body are provided with long round crushing holes, and the long round crushing holes play a role of guiding force in crushing and reduce the peak value of crushing force.

Referring to fig. 3, the thickness of the outer box body 7 of the first-stage energy absorption area crushing box is 3-5 mm; the thickness of the box core 8 is 5-6 mm; the thickness of the partition board 9 is 3-5 mm.

Referring to fig. 4, the thickness of the outer box body 10 of the rectangular body crushing box of the second-stage energy absorption area is 3-5 mm; the thickness of the box core 11 is 5-6 mm; the thickness of the partition plate 12 is 3-5 mm.

Referring to FIG. 5, the outer box 13 in the second energy-absorbing region has a thickness of 3-5 mm; the thickness of the box core 14 is 3-5 mm; the thickness of the partition 15 is 5-6 mm.

Except the difference of plate thickness and overall dimension, the second-stage energy absorption area crushing box has the same working principle as the first-stage energy absorption area crushing box.

When a vehicle collides, the energy of the collision rises to the crushing box structure 3 along the anticreeper 2, when the first-stage crushing box 3 is crushed to the limit, the crushing force rises to the maximum value, at the moment, the collision-proof beam forms 4 to the second-stage energy absorption area to start working until the boundary beam 1 and the crushing

boxes

5 and 6 of the second-stage energy absorption area, when the crushing box of the second-stage energy absorption area is crushed to the limit, the end part of the vehicle body deforms to the maximum degree, and the energy absorption is finished.

The energy absorbing structure of the invention can sequentially transfer and cause plastic deformation damage in a controllable way. Through calculation and experimental verification, the structure improves the passive safety protection performance of the train to the maximum extent due to the optimized combined configuration of various outer boxes, the materials of the inner partition plates and the plate thickness.

Claims

1. A multistage energy-absorbing structure, its characterized in that: the anti-climbing car coupler comprises a first-stage energy absorption area and a second-stage energy absorption area, wherein the first-stage energy absorption area is arranged behind anti-climbing teeth, the second-stage energy absorption area is arranged between the first-stage energy absorption area and a car coupler mounting seat, and crushing boxes are arranged in the two-stage energy absorption areas, wherein the sections of the crushing boxes of the first-stage energy absorption area are rectangular variable sections and are positioned on two sides of the energy absorption areas; the crushing boxes of the second-stage energy absorption area have two structures, one structure is that two cuboid crushing boxes on the outer side are taken as main bodies for bearing, and the other structure is that two trapezoidal terrace crushing boxes on the inner side are taken as auxiliary bearings, the crushing box structure is mainly formed by welding an outer box body, a box core and a partition plate, crushing holes are formed in the side face of each box body, and the thickness of the outer box bodies of all the crushing boxes is 3-5 mm; the thickness of the box core is 5-6 mm; the thickness of the partition board is 3-5 mm.

2. A multi-stage energy absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the two cuboid crushing boxes of the second-stage energy absorption area correspond to the center of the variable cross-section box body with the rectangular cross section of the first-stage energy absorption area.

3. A multi-stage energy absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the upper bottoms of the two trapezoidal crushing boxes are arranged forward symmetrically.

4. A multi-stage energy absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the anti-collision beam is 8-10 mm.