CN113857984B - Cam lift optimization design method for cam shaft - Google Patents
Cam lift optimization design method for cam shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN113857984B CN113857984B CN202111127015.0A CN202111127015A CN113857984B CN 113857984 B CN113857984 B CN 113857984B CN 202111127015 A CN202111127015 A CN 202111127015A CN 113857984 B CN113857984 B CN 113857984B
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- cam
- camshaft
- molded line
- point position
- lift
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/08—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section
- B24B19/12—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section for grinding cams or camshafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/006—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the speed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cam lift optimization design method of a camshaft, wherein a cam grinding process is changed into a numerical control camshaft cam grinder for processing; determining the opening point position and the closing point position of the camshaft; designing a corresponding calculation formula for the camshaft molded line in stages by relying on a cam molded line calculation formula; optimizing the molded line through software after calculation; and taking the optimized profile lift value as a cam theoretical profile lift value, and compiling a machining program according to the optimized profile. The invention explains a brand-new cam profile calculation method, so that the processing quality of the cam shaft is stably improved, the problem of angle deviation of the opening and closing point of the cam shaft is effectively solved, the expensive purchasing cost of introducing high-precision processing equipment is avoided, and remarkable military benefit and economic benefit are obtained for equipment construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of camshaft machining, and particularly relates to a method for optimally designing and calculating the cam lift of a camshaft.
Background
The old 150 camshaft profiling grinder applied at present is introduced from Soviet Union in the last 60 years, and mainly undertakes the grinding task of the camshaft cam surface. However, the machine tool has been used for nearly 60 years, the machine tool is seriously aged, the precision cannot be guaranteed, and the machining method is quite lagged behind.
The cam profile of the old 150 cam shaft is formed by manual calculation and drawing according to a cam calculation formula, is limited by the current technical level, has the angle interval of 2 degrees of one point and lower precision, and therefore, the precision of a processed product is not easy to guarantee. As the camshaft cam has the angle value of the opening and closing point specified, after years of use, the opening and closing point of the ground camshaft cam has the angle difference of more than 2-3 degrees from the angle specified by the drawing. The opening and closing time of the valve opening and closing point during the assembly of the engine is directly caused, and the overall performance of the engine is influenced. If the adjustment is carried out, the offset angle can be only aligned manually, but the workload is large and the success rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cam lift optimization design method of a camshaft, which is characterized in that the cam profile lift value is recalculated by researching the cam profile and combining a cam calculation formula with computer optimization design, so that the cam profile precision is improved, and the grinding precision of a cam of the camshaft of an engine is guaranteed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a cam lift optimization design method of a camshaft comprises the following steps:
s1, machining a cam by a numerical control camshaft cam grinding machine instead of a cam grinding process;
s2, determining the opening point position and the closing point position of the camshaft;
s3, designing a corresponding calculation formula for the camshaft molded line in stages by relying on a cam molded line calculation formula;
s4, optimizing the molded line through software after calculation;
and S5, taking the optimized molded line lift value as a cam theoretical molded line lift value, and compiling a machining program according to the optimized molded line.
Further, the open point position and the closed point position in step S2 are determined by analyzing the data of the original contour curved surface of the camshaft.
Further, the specific method for the phased design in step S3 includes: according to the rotation direction of the camshaft, the contour curved surface of the camshaft is divided into an ascending stage, a middle stage and a descending stage.
Further, the cam profile calculation formula in step S3 is:
htα=（r1-r0）（1-cosα）；
wherein r1 is the radius of the abdominal arc, r0 is the radius of the base circle, and alpha is the corresponding angle value.
Further, the software in step S4 is a landis software.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method has the advantages that a brand-new cam profile calculation method is explained, so that the processing quality of the cam shaft is stably improved, the problem of angle deviation of the opening and closing point of the cam is effectively solved, the expensive purchasing cost of introducing high-precision processing equipment is avoided, and remarkable economic benefits are obtained for equipment construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
And optimization design calculation, namely a design method for selecting an optimal scheme from a plurality of schemes. It is based on the optimization theory in mathematics, and based on the computer as means, according to the performance goal pursued by design, establishes an objective function, and seeks the optimal design scheme under the condition of satisfying various given constraint conditions. The invention relates to an optimization design calculation aiming at the cam lift of a camshaft.
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the process of the present invention, which is specifically described as follows: in consideration of the factors of old machine tool and serious decline of precision, the method provided by the invention is mainly used for recalculating the cam profile lift value by using an optimal design calculation method so as to meet the precision requirement of the cam profile of the product drawing. Through the analysis of the functions of the existing numerical control cam grinder, the working procedure of grinding the cam is changed to be processed on the numerical control camshaft cam grinder. However, the requirement of the new machine tool on the cam profile is strict, and the angle interval must be within 1 degree or even smaller, so that a special calculation formula for the cam profile needs to be relied on: ht α = (r 1-r 0) (1-cos α), (where r1 is the radius of the abdominal arc, r0 is the radius of the base circle, and α is the corresponding angle value) were recalculated for the profile. Meanwhile, the cam has the requirements on the angles of an opening point and a closing point, and the positions of the opening point and the closing point of the cam shaft are required to be determined.
Taking a certain camshaft product as an example, firstly, analyzing the data of the original contour curved surface of the camshaft to determine that the opening point position of the camshaft is at 2 degrees and 30'; the closed point position is at 320 deg..
According to the rotation direction of the camshaft, the camshaft contour curved surface is divided into three parts, namely an ascending stage, a middle stage and a descending stage, and corresponding calculation formulas of the camshaft contour curved surface are respectively designed according to the technical requirements of each stage:
and (3) a rising stage: 28.5- (1-cosa);
an intermediate stage: 13-134 x (1-cosa);
a descending stage: [ 20-17.66X (1-cosa) ] +13.
And calculating profile data of the three sections of curved surfaces according to the formula, optimizing the molded line by using the Landis software after calculation, and finally converting the optimized molded line lift value into a numerical control machining program by taking the optimized molded line lift value as a cam theoretical molded line lift value through programming to finish machining.
The machining process needs repeated test grinding, the process method is improved, grinding wheels are reasonably selected and matched, and cutting parameters are optimized; in this embodiment, the cutting parameters are set as the grinding wheel rotation speed 100m/min, the grinding wheel feed is 2800mm/min, the grinding feed: coarsely grinding for 0.05mm, semi-finely grinding for 0.03mm, and finely grinding for 0.01mm; the cam shaft is polished by 0.005mm, so that the cam shaft angle and the cam shaft profile which are processed according to the profile lift value calculated by the method not only meet the drawing requirements, but also greatly improve the processing precision grade, and ensure the mass production and the processing quality of the cam shaft of the engine.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A cam lift optimization design method of a camshaft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, machining a grinding cam on a numerical control camshaft cam grinding machine instead;
s2, determining the opening point position and the closing point position of the camshaft;
s3, designing a corresponding calculation formula for the camshaft molded line in stages by relying on a cam molded line calculation formula;
s4, optimizing the molded line through software after calculation;
s5, taking the optimized molded line lift value as a cam theoretical molded line lift value, and compiling a machining program according to the optimized molded line;
the opening point position and the closing point position in the step S2 are determined by analyzing the curve data of the original contour of the camshaft;
the specific method of the staged design in step S3 includes: dividing the contour curved surface of the camshaft into an ascending stage, a middle stage and a descending stage according to the rotation direction of the camshaft;
the cam profile calculation formula in the step S3 is as follows:
htα＝(r1-r0)(1-cosα)；
wherein r1 is the radius of the abdominal arc, r0 is the radius of the base circle, and alpha is the corresponding angle value.
2. The method for optimally designing the cam lift of the camshaft according to the claim 1, wherein the software in the step S4 is Landis software.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111127015.0A CN113857984B (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Cam lift optimization design method for cam shaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111127015.0A CN113857984B (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Cam lift optimization design method for cam shaft |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113857984A CN113857984A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
| CN113857984B true CN113857984B (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5192268B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2013-05-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Camshaft grinding apparatus and grinding method |
| CN103302571B (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2015-06-17 | 宇环数控机床股份有限公司 | Lift error compensation processing method for camshaft |
| CN106200558B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-10-02 | 大连大学 | Nc program generation method based on model |
| CN112648037B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-05-24 | 安徽航瑞航空动力装备有限公司 | Design method of cam profile of high-speed aviation piston engine |
| CN112761749A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optimization design method for profile of distribution cam of marine diesel engine |
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