CN113856913A - Flotation plant and method - Google Patents

Flotation plant and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113856913A
CN113856913A CN202110732574.8A CN202110732574A CN113856913A CN 113856913 A CN113856913 A CN 113856913A CN 202110732574 A CN202110732574 A CN 202110732574A CN 113856913 A CN113856913 A CN 113856913A
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China
Prior art keywords
flotation
vessel
unit
underflow
forming
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CN202110732574.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
I·谢雷尔
A·林内
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Metso Finland Oy
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Metso Outotec Finland Oy
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Publication of CN113856913A publication Critical patent/CN113856913A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
    • B03D1/025—Froth-flotation processes adapted for the flotation of fines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/08—Subsequent treatment of concentrated product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1418—Flotation machines using centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/24—Pneumatic
    • B03D1/242—Nozzles for injecting gas into the flotation tank
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/24—Pneumatic
    • B03D1/247—Mixing gas and slurry in a device separate from the flotation tank, i.e. reactor-separator type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
    • B03D2203/02—Ores

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

Flotation apparatus (100) and method. The apparatus comprises: mill (2) arranged for producing a slurry, a flotation section (12) comprising at least one flotation cell (1) provided with a feed system (3), an overflow member (4) and an outlet (5), and a fluidized bed device comprising means for forming a fluidized bed, and/or a froth device comprising means for forming a froth layer with which particles are fed to interact. The flotation section (12) is followed by a first classification unit (6), the flotation section (12) being arranged for receiving a slurry feed of particles below 300 μm from the mill (2) without being removed therefrom, and the flotation section (12) being operatively connected to an inlet (7) of the first classification unit for classifying said underflow exiting from the flotation section (12) into a fine underflow (F) and a coarse underflow.

Description

Flotation plant and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flotation device.
The invention also relates to a method for flotation.
Background
There is a need to improve the effectiveness of flotation in the release of valuable minerals from mineral ores.
Disclosure of Invention
Viewed from a first aspect, there may be provided a flotation plant comprising: a mill arranged for producing a slurry; a flotation section comprising at least one flotation cell provided with a feed system for receiving slurry to be treated in the flotation cell, an overflow means for removing flotation concentrate, and an outlet for removing underflow. The flotation unit comprises: fluidized bed apparatus comprising means for forming a fluidized bed; and/or a foam device, including a device for forming a foam layer, wherein the particles are fed to interact with the foam layer in the foam layer, in close proximity thereto below the foam layer, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof. The flotation section is followed by a first classification unit, the flotation section (12) being arranged for receiving a slurry feed of particles below 300 μm from the mill without being removed therefrom. The flotation section is operatively connected to the inlet of the first classification unit for classifying said underflow exiting from the flotation section into a fine underflow stream (F) and a coarse underflow stream (coarse underflow stream) as tailings.
Thereby a flotation plant is achieved in which a broad particle size distribution of particles containing finer and coarser particles can be treated. It has surprisingly been found that a very efficient flotation of coarser particles containing valuable minerals is achieved due to the fact that the coarser particles are combined with finer particles. However, some fraction of the finer particles containing valuable minerals goes to the underflow of flotation, from where they are recovered in the first classification unit. Furthermore, the apparatus allows for fine particle upgrading.
Viewed from a second aspect, there may be provided a method for flotation, the method comprising:
-forming a slurry feed in a mill,
-feeding feed from the mill from which particles below 300 μm have not been removed to a flotation section comprising at least one flotation unit, wherein the flotation unit (1) comprises: fluidized bed apparatus comprising means for forming a fluidized bed; and/or a foam device, including a device for forming a foam layer, wherein the particles are fed to interact with the foam layer in the foam layer, in close proximity thereto below the foam layer, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof,
-removing the flotation concentrate as overflow from the flotation section,
-removing the underflow from the flotation section,
-feeding the underflow to a first classification unit, and
-classifying the underflow in a first classification unit into a fine underflow and a coarse underflow.
Hereby is achieved a method for flotation which can handle a broad particle size distribution of particles comprising finer and coarser particles. It has surprisingly been found that a very efficient flotation of coarser particles containing valuable minerals is achieved due to the fact that the coarser particles are combined with finer particles. However, some fraction of the finer particles containing valuable minerals goes to the underflow of flotation, from where they are recovered in the first classification unit. Furthermore, the method allows for upgrading of fine particles.
The apparatus and method are characterized by what is described in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Embodiments of the invention are also disclosed in the description and drawings of the present patent application. The inventive content of the patent application can also be defined in other ways than is done in the claims below. The inventive content may also be formed by several separate inventions, especially if the inventions are reviewed in light of explicit or implicit sub-tasks or in view of gains or groups of gains achieved. Some of the limitations contained in the accompanying claims may not be necessary in view of the separate inventive concepts. The features of different embodiments of the invention can be applied to other embodiments within the scope of the basic inventive idea.
In one embodiment, the flotation unit comprises means for forming a fluidized bed. One advantage is that valuable particles are floated and at least a major portion of the fine particles are recovered. This allows immediate treatment of the coarse tailings. Another advantage is that the fine particles can be processed downstream in standard flotation equipment with higher separation efficiency.
In one embodiment, the flotation cell comprises means for forming a froth layer, wherein the particles are fed to interact with the froth layer in the froth layer, below the froth layer in close proximity thereto, or above the froth layer, or any combination thereof. One advantage is that the size of the flotation cell can be reduced, high throughput per volume of flotation cell can be achieved, and direct interaction with froth/bubbles results in potentially higher recovery.
In one embodiment, the flotation unit comprises means for forming a fluidized bed and means for forming a froth layer, wherein the particles are fed to interact with the froth layer in, below, in close proximity to, above, or any combination thereof. One advantage is that the coarse valuable minerals can be recovered to the maximum extent possible for beneficiation.
In one embodiment, the classifying unit comprises a classifying cyclone. One advantage is that a simple structure without moving parts can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the flow of fines from the first classifying unit is arranged to be fed to a flotation system comprising at least one flotation vessel. One advantage is that valuable minerals can be recovered.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel is a fluidized bed apparatus comprising means for forming a fluidized bed. One advantage is that the recovery of near-floating particles can be improved by increasing the buoyancy of the fluidized bed.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel includes means for forming a froth layer, wherein the particles are fed to interact with the froth layer in the froth layer, below the froth layer in close proximity thereto, or above the froth layer, or any combination thereof. One advantage is that the recovery of particles can be improved due to the immediate addition to the foam layer.
In one embodiment, the flotation system comprises at least three flotation vessels arranged in series such that the outlet for removing the underflow of a previous flotation vessel is connected to the inlet of a subsequent flotation vessel. One advantage is that valuable minerals in the underflow can be recovered.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel includes an apparatus comprising: an inlet connected to receive feed to be processed in the flotation vessel and arranged in a lower portion of the flotation vessel; an overflow member for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel; and an outlet for removing the underflow, arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel. One advantage is that high recovery rates can be achieved due to high energy input and good mixing performance.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel includes a mechanical agitator for agitating the slurry in the vessel. One advantage is that separation of particles containing valuable minerals from other particles can be enhanced.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel comprises a mechanical agitator for forming bubbles in said vessel. One advantage is that separation of particles containing valuable minerals from other particles can be enhanced.
In one embodiment the flotation vessel comprises a closed vessel for pressure flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is removed from the vessel by means of pressure. One advantage is that high recovery rates can be achieved since there is no loss in the foam.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel comprises means for pneumatic gas addition. One advantage is that better product grades and/or improved fine particle recovery can be achieved.
In one embodiment, at least one of the flotation vessels is a froth separation device comprising means for forming a froth layer, the flotation vessel comprising: an inlet connected to receive feed to be processed in the flotation vessel and arranged in an upper portion of the flotation vessel; an overflow member for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel; and an outlet for removing the underflow, arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel. One advantage is that high product grades can be obtained.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel comprises a downcomer for the slurry feed, said downcomer being equipped with a nozzle for feeding pressurized flotation gas into the slurry in the downcomer. One advantage is that high recovery rates can be achieved due to the local high energy input. Another advantage is that especially the fines recovery can be improved.
In one embodiment, the downcomer includes an outlet nozzle configured to introduce an ultrasonic shock wave into the slurry as it exits the downcomer. One advantage is that flotation of fine and ultrafine particles including, for example, mineral ores or coal, can be improved.
In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a second separation unit arranged for preventing large particles from entering the first classification unit. One advantage is that particles containing valuable minerals but which are too large to enter the fine underflow can be recovered.
In one embodiment, the second separation unit is arranged before the flotation unit for preventing large particles from entering the flotation unit and the first classification unit. One advantage is that particles in the flotation unit that contain valuable minerals but are too large to enter the fine underflow can be avoided.
In one embodiment, the second separation unit is arranged between the flotation unit and the first classification unit. One advantage is that particles containing valuable minerals but which are too large to enter the fine underflow can be recovered.
In one embodiment, the second separation unit comprises a grizzly or grid (grating). One advantage is that a simple construction of the separation unit can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the second separation unit is connected to the mill for returning the large particles to the mill for further grinding. One advantage is that large particles containing valuable minerals can be ground to a size that can enter the fine underflow.
In one embodiment, the flotation unit is deployed in an open circuit configuration. One advantage is that a simple configuration can be achieved, reducing energy usage and low capital and operating costs.
In one embodiment, the flotation unit is deployed in a closed circuit configuration. One advantage is that recycling of the particles can improve the recovery of valuable minerals.
Drawings
Some embodiments illustrating the disclosure are described in more detail in the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus and method,
figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another apparatus and method,
figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a flotation system and process,
FIG. 4 is a schematic of another flotation system and method, an
Figure 5 is a schematic of a third flotation system.
In the drawings, some embodiments are shown simplified for clarity. Similar parts are marked with the same reference numerals in the figures.
List of reference numerals
1 flotation cell
2 grinding machine
3 feeding system
4 Overflow Member
5 outlet port
6 grading Unit
7 inlet of classifying unit
12 flotation section
13 second separation unit
15 Overflow Member
20 flotation system
21 flotation vessel
22 inlet of flotation vessel
25 outlet for underflow
100 device
F thin underflow
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flotation plant 100 and process.
The apparatus 100 comprises: a mill 2 arranged for producing a slurry; and a flotation section 12 comprising at least one flotation cell 1.
The mill 2 may be, for example, an autogenous mill, or a semi-autogenous mill, or a high-pressure grinding roll.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the flotation section 12 comprises one flotation unit 1. In further embodiments, there may be two, three or even more flotation units in the flotation section. If there are a plurality of flotation units, they may all be of the same type, or alternatively there may be at least two types of flotation units.
The flotation unit 1 comprises a feed system 3 arranged to receive slurry to be processed in the flotation unit 1 from which slurry particles below 300 μm are not removed. The location of the feed system 3 depends on the type of flotation unit 1. Thus, the feed system 3 may be located in the lower, upper or middle part of the flotation unit 1.
The flotation unit 1 further comprises: an overflow member 4 for removing flotation concentrate from the flotation cell; and an outlet 5 for removing underflow from the flotation unit.
In an embodiment comprising a plurality of flotation units, the units are connected in series such that the first one of the flotation units 1 is arranged to receive slurry to be treated in the flotation section 12 and the outlet 5 of the previous flotation unit 1 is connected to the feed system 3 of the subsequent flotation unit 1. The last flotation unit of the plurality of flotation units 1 is arranged to remove underflow from the flotation section 12.
The apparatus 100 further comprises a first classification unit 6 comprising an inlet 7. The inlet 7 is arranged for receiving an underflow from a flotation section 12. The first classification unit 6 is adapted to classify the underflow into a fine underflow F and a coarse underflow as tailings.
In an embodiment, the flotation unit 1 comprises a fluidized bed arrangement comprising means for forming a fluidized bed in the flotation unit 1. In another embodiment, the flotation unit 1 comprises a froth device with means for forming a froth layer in the flotation unit 1. The foam layer may interact with the particles of the product stream. In an embodiment, the product stream is arranged to be fed into the foam layer, below the foam layer to be in close proximity thereto, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof. In this specification, the term "close proximity" refers to a distance of 20cm or less from the foam layer.
In an embodiment, the product stream is arranged to be fed into the foam layer, below the foam layer no more than 2cm therefrom, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof.
In an embodiment, the flotation unit 1 comprises both means for forming a fluidized bed and means for forming a froth layer.
In an embodiment, the first classification unit 6 comprises a cyclone separator. In a further embodiment, in addition to or as an alternative to the cyclone separator, the first classification unit 6 comprises: one or more non-mechanical settling classifiers, such as settling cones; mechanical settling classifiers, such as rake classifiers or spiral classifiers; a free settling classifier; and hindered settling classifiers, such as hydrotreaters.
In an embodiment, the thin underflow F is fed from the first classification unit 6 to a flotation system 20 comprising at least one flotation vessel 21. Flotation system 20 is discussed in more detail in conjunction with fig. 3 and 4.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another apparatus and method.
In an embodiment, the apparatus comprises a second separation unit 13 arranged for preventing large particles from entering the first classification unit 6. Large particles may contain valuable minerals, but they are too large to enter the fine bottom stream F.
In an embodiment, such as shown in fig. 2, the second separation unit 13 is arranged between the flotation unit 1 and the first classifying unit 6. In another embodiment, a second separation unit 13 is arranged before the flotation unit 1 for preventing large particles from also entering the flotation unit 1.
In an embodiment, the second separation unit 13 comprises a screen or a grating.
In an embodiment, such as shown in fig. 2, the second separation unit 13 is connected to the mill 2 so that the large particles can be returned to the mill 2 for further grinding.
Figure 3 is a schematic of a flotation system and method and figure 4 is a schematic of another flotation system and method. The flotation system 20 is arranged in fluid communication with the first classifying unit 6 described in this specification such that the fine underflow F produced in the first classifying unit 6 is fed to the flotation system 20 comprising at least one flotation vessel 21.
In an embodiment, the first classifying unit 6 operates in an open-circuit configuration, i.e. material is not recirculated back into the first classifying unit 6.
In one embodiment, the flotation vessel 21 is one of:
fluidized bed apparatus, including apparatus for forming a fluidized bed, or
Apparatus, including apparatus for forming a foam layer, wherein particles are fed to interact with the foam layer in the foam layer, in close proximity thereto below the foam layer, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof, or
Apparatus comprising means for pneumatic gas addition, or
Closed vessels for pressure flotation, in which flotation concentrate is removed from the vessel by means of pressure, or
An apparatus (such as shown in fig. 3) comprising: an inlet 22 connected for receiving feed to be treated in the flotation vessel and arranged in a lower part of the flotation vessel 21; an overflow member 15 for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel 21; and an outlet 25 for removing the underflow, arranged to the lower part of the flotation vessel 21. In this specification, the term "close proximity" refers to a distance of 20cm or less from the foam layer.
In an embodiment, the flotation system 20 comprises at least three flotation vessels 21 arranged in series such that the outlet 25 for removing the underflow of a previous flotation vessel 21 is connected to the inlet 22 of a subsequent flotation vessel 21. In an embodiment, all flotation vessels 21 in the flotation system 20 are of the same type. In another embodiment, there are at least two types of flotation vessels 21 in the flotation system 20.
In an embodiment, the flotation vessel 21 comprises a mechanical agitator for agitating the slurry in said vessel. Additionally or alternatively, a mechanical stirrer may be used to form bubbles in the vessel.
In an embodiment, the flotation vessel 21 (such as shown in fig. 4) is a froth separation device comprising means for forming a froth layer, wherein an inlet 22 connected for receiving feed to be treated in said flotation vessel is arranged in an upper part of the flotation vessel 21, an overflow member 15 for removing flotation concentrate is arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel 21, and an outlet 25 for removing underflow is arranged in a lower part of the flotation vessel 21.
In an embodiment, the flotation vessel 21 includes at least one downcomer that feeds slurry into the vessel. The downcomer is equipped with a nozzle for feeding pressurized flotation gas into the slurry in the downcomer. Further, the downcomer includes an outlet nozzle configured to introduce an ultrasonic shock wave into the mixture of gas and slurry as the mixture of gas and slurry exits the downcomer.
Figure 5 is a schematic of a third flotation system. As already disclosed, in an embodiment the flotation vessel 21 is a closed pressurized vessel, in which pressurized flotation can take place and from which flotation concentrate is removed by means of pressure. In one embodiment, no foam is formed in the container, but the loaded bubbles are collected before the foam is generated.
The inlet 22 may be arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel 21, the overflow member 15 for removing flotation concentrate may be arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel 21 and the outlet 25 for removing underflow may be arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel 21. Since flow from one vessel to the next occurs due to the pressure generated in the vessel, the flotation vessels 21 can be installed at the same level (as shown).
In an embodiment, the outlet 25 for removing the underflow may be arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel 21.
In one embodiment, the pressurized container comprises a mechanical stirrer. One example of such a vessel is known as a "direct flotation reactor" (DFR).
It should be noted here that all flotation vessels 21 arranged in the flotation system 20 may be of the same type, or alternatively there may be at least two types of flotation vessels.
The invention is not limited solely to the embodiments described above, but many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive concept defined by the claims below. The attributes of different embodiments and applications may be used in combination with or instead of the attributes of another embodiment or application within the scope of the inventive concept.
The drawings and the related description are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The invention may vary in detail within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the appended claims.

Claims (28)

1. A flotation plant (100) comprising:
a mill (2) arranged for producing a slurry,
-a flotation section (12) comprising at least one flotation unit (1) provided with:
-a feed system (3) for receiving slurry to be treated in the flotation unit (1),
-overflow members (4) for removing flotation concentrate,
an outlet (5) for removing the underflow,
wherein the flotation unit (1) comprises:
-a fluidized bed apparatus comprising means for forming a fluidized bed, and/or
-a foam device comprising means for forming a foam layer, wherein particles are fed to interact with the foam layer in the foam layer, below the foam layer in close proximity thereto, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof,
the flotation section (12) is followed by a first classification unit (6), wherein the flotation section (12) is arranged for receiving a slurry feed from the mill (2) from which particles below 300 μm have not been removed, and the flotation section (12) is operatively connected to an inlet (7) of the first classification unit for classifying the underflow exiting from the flotation section (12) into:
-a fine underflow stream (F), and
-as coarse underflow of tailings.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein,
-the flotation unit (1) comprises means for forming a fluidized bed.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein,
-the flotation unit (1) comprises means for forming a froth layer, wherein particles are fed to interact with the froth layer in the froth layer, below the froth layer in close proximity thereto, or above the froth layer, or any combination thereof.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein,
-the flotation unit (1) comprises means for forming a fluidized bed and means for forming a froth layer, wherein particles are fed to interact with the froth layer in the froth layer, below the froth layer in close proximity thereto, or above the froth layer, or any combination thereof.
5. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first classification unit (6) is a cyclone separator.
6. The plant as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fines stream (F) from the first classification unit (6) is arranged to be fed to a flotation system (20) comprising at least one flotation vessel (21).
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the flotation vessel (21) is:
a fluidized bed apparatus comprising an apparatus for forming a fluidized bed, or
-means comprising means for forming a foam layer, wherein particles are fed to interact with the foam layer in the foam layer, below the foam layer in close proximity thereto, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof, or
-devices comprising means for pneumatic gas addition, or
-an apparatus comprising a closed vessel for pressurized flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is removed from the vessel by means of pressure, or
-an apparatus comprising:
-an inlet (22) connected for receiving feed to be treated in the flotation vessel and arranged in a lower part of the flotation vessel (21),
-an overflow member (15) for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel (21), and
-an outlet (25) for removing underflow, arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel (21).
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein,
-the flotation vessel (21) is:
said means comprising means for pneumatic gas addition, or
-the apparatus comprising a closed vessel for pressurized flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is removed from the vessel by means of pressure, or
-said device, comprising:
-an inlet (22) connected for receiving feed to be treated in the flotation vessel and arranged in a lower part of the flotation vessel (21),
-an overflow member (15) for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel (21), and
-an outlet (25) for removing underflow, arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel (21).
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein,
-the flotation vessel (21) is:
-the apparatus comprising a closed vessel for pressurized flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is removed from the vessel by means of pressure, or
-said device, comprising:
-an inlet (22) connected for receiving feed to be treated in the flotation vessel and arranged in a lower part of the flotation vessel (21),
-an overflow member (15) for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel (21), and
-an outlet (25) for removing underflow, arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel (21).
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein,
-the flotation system (20) comprises at least three flotation vessels (21) arranged in series such that the outlet (25) for removing the underflow of a preceding flotation vessel (21) is connected to the inlet (22) of a subsequent flotation vessel (21).
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein,
-the flotation vessel (21) comprises the apparatus, which apparatus comprises:
-an inlet (22) connected for receiving feed to be treated in the flotation vessel and arranged in a lower part of the flotation vessel (21),
-an overflow member (15) for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel (21), and
-an outlet (25) for removing underflow, arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel (21).
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the flotation vessel (21) comprises:
-means for forming a foam layer.
13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein,
-the flotation vessel (21) comprises a closed vessel for pressurized flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is removed from the vessel by means of pressure.
14. The apparatus of any one of claims 11-13, wherein the flotation vessel (21) comprises:
-a mechanical stirrer for stirring the slurry in the vessel.
15. The apparatus of any one of claims 11-14, wherein the flotation vessel (21) comprises:
-a mechanical stirrer for forming bubbles in the vessel.
16. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein,
-the flotation vessel (21) comprises means for pneumatic gas addition.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein,
-the flotation vessel (21) is a froth separation device comprising means for forming a froth layer, the flotation vessel comprising:
-an inlet (22) connected for receiving a feed to be treated in the flotation vessel and arranged in an upper part of the flotation vessel (21), and
-an overflow member (15) for removing flotation concentrate, arranged in the upper part of the flotation vessel (21).
18. The apparatus of claim 16 or 17, wherein the flotation vessel (21) comprises:
-an outlet (25) for removing underflow, arranged in the lower part of the flotation vessel (21).
19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein,
-the flotation vessel (21) comprises a downcomer for slurry feed equipped with a nozzle for feeding pressurized flotation gas into the slurry in the downcomer.
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein,
-the downcomer comprises an outlet nozzle configured to introduce an ultrasonic shock wave into the slurry as it exits the downcomer.
21. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, comprising:
-a second separation unit (13) arranged for preventing large particles from entering the first fractionation unit (6).
22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein,
-the second separation unit (13) is arranged before the flotation unit (1) for preventing large particles from entering the flotation unit (1) and the first classifying unit (6).
23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein,
-the second separation unit (13) is arranged between the flotation unit (1) and the first classification unit (6).
24. The apparatus of any one of claims 21-23,
-the second separation unit (13) comprises a grid or grating.
25. The apparatus of any one of claims 21-24,
-the second separation unit (13) is connected to the mill (2) for returning large particles to the mill (2) for further grinding.
26. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims,
-the flotation unit (1) is deployed in an open circuit configuration.
27. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-25,
-the flotation unit (1) is deployed in a closed circuit configuration.
28. A method for flotation, the method comprising:
-forming a slurry feed in a mill (2),
-feeding feed from the mill (2) from which particles below 300 μm have not been removed to a flotation section (12) comprising at least one flotation unit (1), wherein the flotation unit (1) comprises: fluidized bed apparatus comprising means for forming a fluidized bed; and/or a foam device comprising means for forming a foam layer, wherein particles are supplied to interact with the foam layer in the foam layer, in close proximity thereto below the foam layer, or above the foam layer, or any combination thereof,
-removing the flotation concentrate as overflow from the flotation section (12),
-removing an underflow from the flotation section (12),
-feeding the underflow to a first classification unit (6), and
-classifying the underflow in the first classifying unit (6) into a fine underflow and a coarse underflow.
CN202110732574.8A 2020-06-30 2021-06-30 Flotation plant and method Pending CN113856913A (en)

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US3098818A (en) * 1961-04-05 1963-07-23 Denver Equip Co Concentration apparatus and method
US3539000A (en) * 1967-08-05 1970-11-10 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Classification by flotation
CA1173980A (en) * 1981-11-10 1984-09-04 Noranda Mines Limited Dore slag treatment
WO2009026612A1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2009-03-05 Xstrata Technology Pty Ltd Method for improving flotation cell performance
MX2017013512A (en) * 2015-04-22 2018-04-24 Anglo American Services Uk Ltd Process for recovering value metals from ore.
US20190234854A1 (en) * 2016-10-04 2019-08-01 Cidra Corporate Services Llc Classification particle size distribution modification technique based on hydrophobic media for enhanced fluidized bed flotation separation
WO2020037357A1 (en) * 2018-08-24 2020-02-27 Newcrest Mining Limited Recovering valuable material from an ore
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