CN113855364A

CN113855364A - Knee joint and ankle joint integrated joint fixator

Info

Publication number: CN113855364A
Application number: CN202111034751.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李信
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Jiangsu Unicorn Electronic Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-04
Filing date: 2021-09-04
Publication date: 2021-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-04
Also published as: CN113855364B

Abstract

The invention discloses a knee joint and ankle joint integrated joint fixator which comprises an outer sleeve and is characterized in that: the outer side of the outer sleeve is provided with a connecting mechanism, the inner side of the outer sleeve is provided with a ventilation mechanism, the inner side of the outer sleeve is provided with an adjusting mechanism, the outer side of the outer sleeve is provided with a protection mechanism, the connecting mechanism comprises a sleeve connecting rod, the sleeve connecting rod is arranged below the outer sleeve, the ventilation mechanism comprises a ventilation hole, the ventilation hole is formed in the outer sleeve, the ventilation mechanism comprises a temperature control component and a regulation and control component, the regulation and control component is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the temperature control component, the adjusting mechanism comprises a ring sleeve, the ring sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve, the adjusting mechanism comprises a size adjusting component and a tightness adjusting component, the tightness adjusting component is arranged in the size adjusting component, and the protection mechanism comprises a fixed shell.

Description

Knee joint and ankle joint integrated joint fixator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of joint fixators, in particular to a knee joint and ankle joint integrated joint fixator.

Background

The joint fixer is a medical appliance for auxiliary treatment, which is often applied in rehabilitation and rehabilitation treatment. The joint fixer can fix, correct, support and protect the corresponding joint. In the process of home rehabilitation treatment, a patient lacks guidance of a doctor, and needs to wear a fixer of a corresponding joint to keep the limb in a good limb position all the time, so that the use of compensatory joints can be effectively reduced, and the rehabilitation is finished with high quality.

And because the inconvenience of action, lead to the patient probably to discover dangerous condition such as tumble at home rehabilitation's in-process, and wear to cause secondary injury to corresponding joint very easily after the fixer falls down, current fixer lacks fixing device, and can't finely tune according to patient's health condition after current fixer is made and is accomplished again, guarantees fixed stability.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a knee joint and ankle joint integrated type joint fixer with a protection function and capable of being adjusted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a knee joint and ankle joint integrated type joint fixator to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a knee joint ankle joint integral type joint fixer, includes the overcoat, its characterized in that: the outer side of the outer sleeve is provided with a connecting mechanism, the inside of the outer sleeve is provided with a ventilation mechanism, the inner side of the outer sleeve is provided with an adjusting mechanism, and the outer side of the outer sleeve is provided with a protection mechanism.

According to the technical scheme, coupling mechanism is including cup jointing the pole, cup joint the below that the pole set up at the overcoat, ventilative mechanism includes the bleeder vent, the bleeder vent sets up the inside at the overcoat, ventilative mechanism is including accuse temperature subassembly, regulation and control subassembly fixed mounting is in the outside of accuse temperature subassembly, adjustment mechanism includes the ring cover, the ring cover sets up the inboard at the overcoat, adjustment mechanism includes size adjusting part, elasticity adjusting part, the elasticity adjusting part sets up the inside at size adjusting part, protection machanism is including the set casing, set casing fixed mounting is in the outside of overcoat.

According to the technical scheme, the connecting mechanism comprises a clamping sleeve, the clamping sleeve is fixedly installed above the outer sleeve and matched with the sleeve connecting rod, and fastening screw rods are meshed with threads on two sides of the clamping sleeve and penetrate through the clamping sleeve.

According to the technical scheme, the temperature control assembly comprises a central cylinder, the central cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the air holes, strong ammonia water is arranged inside the central cylinder, one side of the central cylinder is connected with the pressure valve, one side of the pressure valve is connected with the sheath through a pipeline, and the sheath is fixedly installed on the outer sleeve.

According to the technical scheme, the regulating and controlling assembly comprises a control cylinder, the control cylinder is fixedly installed on two sides of the central cylinder, a piston rod is connected to the inside of the control cylinder in a sliding mode, the other end of the piston rod is fixedly installed on the air holes, the air holes are made of elastic materials, cylindrical holes are formed in the ring sleeve, a sponge body is arranged on the periphery of the cylindrical holes in the outer side of the ring sleeve, and the other end of the sponge body is fixedly installed on the outer sleeve.

According to the technical scheme, size adjusting part includes adjusting screw, the even thread engagement of adjusting screw is in the outside of overcoat, adjusting screw's lower extreme bearing is connected with adjusts T type pole, the outside sliding connection who adjusts T type pole has spacing jar, the one end fixed mounting of spacing jar is on the overcoat, the other end fixed mounting who adjusts T type pole has the control jacket, the ring cover runs through the control jacket, the ring cover is sliding connection with the control jacket, the ring cover is the elasticity material.

According to the technical scheme, the tightness adjusting assembly comprises a small amount of helium, the small amount of helium is arranged in the middle area inside the control sleeve, and small holes are formed in the two ends of the control sleeve.

According to the technical scheme, the protection mechanism comprises a protection shell, the protection shell is arranged inside a fixed shell, springs are arranged on four sides of the protection shell, the other end of each spring is fixedly installed on the fixed shell, a storage shell is fixedly installed inside the protection shell, sodium azide is arranged inside the storage shell, an air bag is arranged on one side of the storage shell, a heater is arranged inside the storage shell, the heater is electrically connected with an outer shell of the protection shell, an inner shell of the fixed shell is electrically connected with a power supply, and the other end of the power supply is electrically connected to the heater.

According to the technical scheme, the middle of the outer sleeve is provided with the water absorbing layer, and one side of the water absorbing layer, which is close to the circle center, is provided with a small amount of quicklime.

According to the technical scheme, the outer side of the spring is provided with the anti-corrosion coating.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the connecting mechanism is arranged, so that the length of the limbs of different patients can be adapted by connecting the coats with different numbers, and different fixed angles can be selected according to the requirements of the patients; by arranging the ventilation mechanism, the device can automatically change the ventilation efficiency according to the change of temperature, and avoid the situation that the interior of the fixer is stuffy after the temperature is high, so that a patient sweats a lot and bacteria are bred; by arranging the adjusting mechanism, the shape of the fixator can be adjusted in a stepless manner, so that the fixator can adapt to the limb difference of different patients; through being provided with protection machanism for when dangerous condition such as falling into water takes place because patient's action is inconvenient and lead to, protect the patient.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic overall elevational view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the outer cover of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inside construction of the outer cover of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view at A of FIG. 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view at B of FIG. 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the inside perspective of the outer cover of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view at C of FIG. 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the guard mechanism of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a jacket; 11. a water-absorbing layer; 12. air holes are formed; 13. a sleeved rod; 14. a card sleeve; 15. fastening a screw rod; 16. a central cylinder; 17. a control cylinder; 18. a piston rod; 110. a stationary case; 111. a spring; 112. a storage shell; 113. an air bag; 114. a protective shell; 115. a pressure valve; 116. a sheath; 21. adjusting the screw rod; 22. a limiting cylinder; 24. adjusting the T-shaped rod; 25. a control sleeve; 26. a loop is provided.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a knee joint ankle joint integral type joint fixer, includes overcoat 1, its characterized in that: the outer side of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with a connecting mechanism, the inside of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with a ventilation mechanism, the inner side of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with an adjusting mechanism, and the outer side of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with a protection mechanism; by arranging the connecting mechanism, the length of the limbs of different patients can be adapted by connecting the coats 1 with different numbers, and different fixed angles can be selected to be adjusted according to the requirements of the patients; by arranging the ventilation mechanism, the device can automatically change the ventilation efficiency according to the change of temperature, and avoid the situation that the interior of the fixer is stuffy after the temperature is high, so that a patient sweats a lot and bacteria are bred; by arranging the adjusting mechanism, the shape of the fixator can be adjusted in a stepless manner, so that the fixator can adapt to the limb difference of different patients; through being provided with protection machanism for when dangerous condition such as falling into water takes place because patient's action is inconvenient and lead to, protect the patient.

The connecting mechanism comprises a sleeve rod 13, the sleeve rod 13 is arranged below the outer sleeve 1, the ventilating mechanism comprises air holes 12, the air holes 12 are formed in the outer sleeve 1, the ventilating mechanism comprises a temperature control assembly and a regulating assembly, the regulating assembly is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the temperature control assembly, the regulating mechanism comprises a ring sleeve 26, the ring sleeve 26 is arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve 1, the regulating mechanism comprises a size regulating assembly and a tightness regulating assembly, the tightness regulating assembly is arranged in the size regulating assembly, the protecting mechanism comprises a fixed shell 110, and the fixed shell 110 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the outer sleeve 1; the temperature of cutting ferrule 1 can be adjusted to a certain extent to accuse temperature subassembly, and can change the change of the temperature conversion pressure of cutting ferrule 1 into the regulation that need the ventilative mechanism after being convenient for, through being provided with regulation and control subassembly, make can change according to the size of the inside change control bleeder vent 12 of accuse temperature subassembly, be convenient for adjust ventilative degree, size adjusting part's effect with the size and the shape of infinitely variable control ring cover 26, make ring cover 26 can be fine adapt to different patients' size difference, the effect of elasticity adjusting part lies in according to the elasticity degree of temperature regulation ring cover 26, under the heat retaining prerequisite, avoid pressing from both sides too tightly to lead to a large amount of sweats of patient.

The connecting mechanism comprises a clamping sleeve 14, the clamping sleeve 14 is fixedly arranged above the outer sleeve 1, the clamping sleeve 14 is matched with the sleeving rod 13, two sides of the clamping sleeve 14 are in threaded engagement with fastening screws 15, and the fastening screws 15 penetrate through the clamping sleeve 14; as shown in figure 2, the coat 1 with different numbers can be connected through the cutting sleeve 14 and the sleeve connecting rod 13, thereby adapting to the limb lengths of different patients and facilitating the connection, avoiding the situation that the length of the combined coat 1 is not enough to cover the knee joint and the ankle joint, and the angle between the upper coat 1 and the lower coat 1 which are connected together can be adjusted through the fastening screw 15, as shown in figure 5, the angle between the two connected coats 1 is changed by rotating the coats 1, and then the joint is locked through the fastening screw 15, thus being capable of adapting to the requirements of different fixed positions at the joint, leading the connection to be more reliable and the integral connection to be more convenient, being capable of adapting to the limb lengths of different patients independently, avoiding the situation that the length is not suitable to cause the fixation, being capable of changing the connection angle between the two coats 1 and facilitating the change of the fixed positions, the fixing position of the coat 1 is fitted with the limb shape of a patient, so that the fixing is more stable and reliable, the whole device is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the mounting difficulty is reduced.

The temperature control assembly comprises a central cylinder 16, the central cylinder 16 is arranged on the inner side of the air vent 12, strong ammonia water is arranged inside the central cylinder 16, one side of the central cylinder 16 is connected with a pressure valve 115, a pipeline on one side of the pressure valve 115 is connected with a sheath 116, and the sheath 116 is fixedly arranged on the outer sleeve 1; as shown in fig. 3, the solubility of ammonia in the concentrated ammonia water decreases with the increase of temperature, and further, when the temperature is higher, the concentrated ammonia water overflows more ammonia, and the pressure inside the central cylinder 16 is higher, whereas, when the temperature is lower, the pressure inside the central cylinder 16 is lower because the dissolved amount of ammonia is more, and the concentrated ammonia water contains water, when the external high-temperature liquid or solid is mistakenly splashed to the coat because of the action of the patient, the water inside the central cylinder 16 can absorb a large amount of heat, so as to avoid the limb being burnt due to the overhigh temperature, and when the external high-temperature liquid or solid absorbs a large amount of heat, the ammonia gas overflows, and further the pressure inside the central cylinder 16 is overhigh and the pressure valve 115 is opened, and a part of water vapor, namely ammonia gas, is discharged into the sheath 116, so that the pressure inside the central cylinder 16 decreases, and the concentrated ammonia water is convenient to subsequently release ammonia, meanwhile, the protective sleeve 116 supports a layer of protective sleeve to block the air holes 12, so that high-temperature liquid is prevented from permeating from the air holes 12, the temperature of the jacket 1 can be regulated and controlled to a certain degree through water in the concentrated ammonia water, the temperature can be converted into the change of the pressure inside the central cylinder 16, the subsequent devices can be conveniently utilized, and the protective sleeve 116 can be supported when the jacket 1 encounters high-temperature liquid or solid, so that a layer of high-temperature protection is applied to the jacket 1.

The regulating and controlling assembly comprises a control cylinder 17, the control cylinder 17 is fixedly arranged on two sides of a central cylinder 16, a piston rod 18 is connected inside the control cylinder 17 in a sliding manner, the other end of the piston rod 18 is fixedly arranged on an air hole 12, the air hole 12 is made of elastic material, a cylindrical hole is arranged on a ring sleeve 26, a sponge body is arranged on the outer side of the ring sleeve 26 and positioned around the cylindrical hole, and the other end of the sponge body is fixedly arranged on the outer sleeve 1; as shown in fig. 6, the pressure change inside the central cylinder 16 drives the pressure inside the control cylinder 17 to change, which further causes the piston rod 18 to move under the action of the changed pressure, when the pressure is higher, the piston rod 18 is pushed outwards, when the pressure is lower, the piston rod 18 is moved inwards under the action of the elastic force of the vent hole 12, the diameter of the vent hole 12 changes due to the outward pushing or inward moving of the piston rod 18, so as to change the ventilation strength, meanwhile, the check valve 19 can prevent the external liquid from flowing to the inner side of the jacket 1 from the vent hole, so as to prevent the external liquid from directly flowing to the inner side of the outer conduit 1 to pollute the jacket, the ventilation strength of the jacket 1 can be adjusted in real time through the temperature change through the above steps, when the temperature is higher, the ventilation strength is higher, so as to prevent the temperature inside of the jacket 1 from being too high, and sweat from accumulating due to the too high temperature inside of the jacket 1, which further causes bacterial growth, and when the temperature is lower, the piston rod 18 is led to move inwards for a certain distance, so that the air holes 12 are led to be tightly attached to the control cylinder 17, the air holes 12 are further led to be stopped, and the heat loss in the outer sleeve 1 when the temperature is too low is avoided.

The size adjusting component comprises an adjusting screw rod 21, the adjusting screw rod 21 is uniformly meshed on the outer side of the outer sleeve 1 in a threaded manner, the lower end bearing of the adjusting screw rod 21 is connected with an adjusting T-shaped rod 24, the outer side of the adjusting T-shaped rod 24 is connected with a limiting cylinder 22 in a sliding manner, one end of the limiting cylinder 22 is fixedly arranged on the outer sleeve 1, the other end of the adjusting T-shaped rod 24 is fixedly provided with a control sleeve 25, a ring sleeve 26 penetrates through the control sleeve 25, the ring sleeve 26 is connected with the control sleeve 25 in a sliding manner, and the ring sleeve 26 is made of elastic materials; as shown in fig. 4, the adjusting screw 21 is screwed to drive the adjusting screw 21 to move spirally inwards, so as to drive the adjusting T-shaped rod 24 connected with one end of the adjusting screw to move inwards to drive the control sleeve 25 to move, the control sleeve 25 can drive the ring sleeve 26 to extend into the control sleeve 25 in the moving process, so that the length of the ring sleeve 26 changes, and different adjusting screws move to different positions, so that the ring sleeve 26 and the control sleeve 25 are combined to form locking rings with different shapes, and the diameter of the locking ring can be adjusted steplessly, which can be realized by the steps, in the adjusting process, the diameter of the locking ring formed by combining the ring sleeve 26 and the control sleeve 25 is adjusted steplessly, so as to be convenient for adapting to the limb shapes of different patients, and can be adjusted to aim at the limb growth or deformation of the patients during wearing, and the adjusting screws 2 at different positions can be adjusted to change the shape of the locking ring, better adapts to the limbs of the patient.

The tightness adjusting assembly comprises a small amount of helium, the small amount of helium is arranged in the middle area inside the control sleeve 25, and small holes are formed in the two ends of the control sleeve 25; as shown in fig. 4, only a small amount of helium is provided in the middle of the control sleeve 25, which causes a pressure difference between the middle and both sides, and further causes the ring sleeve 26 to have a tendency of shrinking in the middle of the control sleeve 25, thereby forming locking, and since the expansion coefficient of helium is greater than that of air, when the temperature rises, the expansion coefficient of helium is greater, thereby causing a pressure difference between the inside and the outside to decrease, the locking force decreases, when the temperature is lower, the pressure difference between the middle and both sides increases relatively, thereby causing a relative increase of the locking force, which can be realized by the above steps, the locking force is adjusted according to the change of temperature, when the temperature is lower, the locking force is greater, so that the ring sleeve 26 is tightly attached to the limb, thereby avoiding heat loss, and when the temperature is higher, the locking force is smaller, thereby avoiding discomfort of the patient caused by sweat due to the tight attachment of the ring sleeve.

The protection mechanism comprises a protection shell 114, the protection shell 114 is arranged inside the fixed shell 110, springs 111 are arranged on four sides of the protection shell 114, the other end of each spring 111 is fixedly arranged on the fixed shell 110, a storage shell 112 is fixedly arranged inside the protection shell 114, sodium azide is arranged inside the storage shell 112, an air bag 113 is arranged on one side of the storage shell 112, a heater is arranged inside the storage shell 112, the heater is electrically connected with the outer shell of the protection shell 114, the inner shell of the fixed shell 110 is electrically connected with a power supply, and the other end of the power supply is electrically connected to the heater; as shown in fig. 8, when the outer sheath 1 suddenly generates a large acceleration, because the spring 111 cannot increase the force required by the acceleration, the protective shell 114 will collide with the fixed shell, and then the circuit is conducted, the heater rapidly heats the sodium azide, the sodium azide decomposes to generate a large amount of nitrogen, and then the air bag 113 rapidly expands to stretch out of the fixed shell 110, so as to apply a layer of buffer to the outer sheath 1, and when the fixed shell 110 is filled with water, if the water is pure water, the loop is not conducted, if the water is not pure water, the circuit is conducted, and because the water has a certain resistance, the heating power of the heater is reduced, it takes a period of time to work to drive the sodium azide to decompose, and by the above steps, whether the falling action is generated or not can be judged by the large acceleration generated when the patient falls, because the action of the patient is not changed, the acceleration of the outer sheath 1 is generally small, when great acceleration is generated, the patient can be judged to be in a state of falling, the air bag 113 is rapidly expanded to apply a layer of buffer for falling, so that the serious consequence caused by falling is avoided, and when the patient falls into water carelessly due to inconvenient movement, the fixed shell 110 is in a sinking state for a long time, so that the heater works for a long time, the heating is further performed to a certain temperature to decompose the sodium azide, the air bag 113 is rapidly expanded, so that the patient can rapidly float out of the water surface, and a layer of falling water protection is applied to the patient.

A water absorbing layer 11 is arranged in the middle of the outer sleeve 1, and a small amount of quicklime is arranged on one side of the water absorbing layer 11 close to the circle center; the water in the 1 outside of overcoat can be by the in-process of infiltration gradually, can be absorbed by layer 11 that absorbs water, avoid the water infiltration to lead to the patient to lose the temperature, and lead to absorbing the water layer and having absorbed full water after, water contacts a large amount of exothermic with quick lime, for the patient keeps the body temperature, and can accelerate the evaporation of water on the overcoat, and when the moisture that the patient produced during from inboard outside infiltration, can preferentially contact quick lime, and then lead to the rising of 1 temperature in overcoat, increase the sweat that the vapor permeability intensifies the evaporation of being convenient for produced simultaneously.

An anti-corrosion coating is arranged on the outer side of the spring 111; the corrosion-resistant coating makes the spring 111 less susceptible to failure.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a knee joint ankle joint integral type joint fixer, includes overcoat (1), its characterized in that: the outer side of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with a connecting mechanism, the inside of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with a ventilating mechanism, the inner side of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with an adjusting mechanism, and the outer side of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with a protection mechanism.

2. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 1, wherein: coupling mechanism is including cup jointing pole (13), cup jointing pole (13) sets up the below in overcoat (1), ventilative mechanism includes bleeder vent (12), bleeder vent (12) set up the inside in overcoat (1), ventilative mechanism is including accuse temperature subassembly, regulation and control subassembly fixed mounting is in the outside of accuse temperature subassembly, adjustment mechanism includes ring cover (26), ring cover (26) set up the inboard in overcoat (1), adjustment mechanism includes big or small adjusting part, elasticity adjusting part, the elasticity adjusting part sets up the inside at big or small adjusting part, protection machanism is including set casing (110), set casing (110) fixed mounting is in the outside of overcoat (1).

3. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 2, wherein: the connecting mechanism comprises a clamping sleeve (14), the clamping sleeve (14) is fixedly installed above the outer sleeve (1), the clamping sleeve (14) is matched with the sleeve connecting rod (13), fastening screw rods (15) are meshed with threads on two sides of the clamping sleeve (14), and the clamping sleeve (14) is penetrated through the fastening screw rods (15).

4. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 3, wherein: the temperature control assembly comprises a central cylinder (16), the central cylinder (16) is arranged on the inner side of the air holes (12), strong ammonia water is arranged inside the central cylinder (16), one side of the central cylinder (16) is connected with a pressure valve (115), a pipeline on one side of the pressure valve (115) is connected with a sheath (116), and the sheath (116) is fixedly installed on the outer sleeve (1).

5. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 4, wherein: the regulation and control subassembly is including control jar (17), control jar (17) fixed mounting is in the both sides of central jar (16), the inside sliding connection of control jar (17) has piston rod (18), the other end fixed mounting of piston rod (18) is on bleeder vent (12), bleeder vent (12) are the elasticity material, be provided with the cylinder hole on ring cover (26), the outside of ring cover (26) is located and is provided with the cavernosum around the cylinder hole, the other end fixed mounting of cavernosum is on overcoat (1).

6. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 5, wherein: the size adjusting component comprises an adjusting screw rod (21), the outer side of the outer sleeve (1) is engaged with the uniform threads of the adjusting screw rod (21), a lower end bearing of the adjusting screw rod (21) is connected with an adjusting T-shaped rod (24), the outer side of the adjusting T-shaped rod (24) is connected with a limiting cylinder (22) in a sliding mode, one end of the limiting cylinder (22) is fixedly installed on the outer sleeve (1), the other end of the adjusting T-shaped rod (24) is fixedly installed with a control sleeve (25), a ring sleeve (26) penetrates through the control sleeve (25), the ring sleeve (26) is connected with the control sleeve (25) in a sliding mode, and the ring sleeve (26) is made of elastic materials.

7. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 6, wherein: the tightness adjusting assembly comprises a small amount of helium, the small amount of helium is arranged in the middle area of the interior of the control sleeve (25), and small holes are formed in two ends of the control sleeve (25).

8. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 7, wherein: the protection mechanism comprises a protection shell (114), wherein the protection shell (114) is arranged inside a fixed shell (110), springs (111) are arranged on four sides of the protection shell (114), the other end of each spring (111) is fixedly arranged on the fixed shell (110), a storage shell (112) is fixedly arranged inside the protection shell (114), sodium azide is arranged inside the storage shell (112), an air bag (113) is arranged on one side of the storage shell (112), a heater is arranged inside the storage shell (112), the heater is electrically connected with an outer shell of the protection shell (114), an inner shell of the fixed shell (110) is electrically connected with a power supply, and the other end of the power supply is electrically connected to the heater.

9. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 8, wherein: the middle of overcoat (1) is provided with layer (11) that absorbs water, the layer (11) that absorbs water is provided with a small amount of quick lime near the one side of the centre of a circle.

10. The integrated knee and ankle joint fixator of claim 9, wherein: and an anti-corrosion coating is arranged on the outer side of the spring (111).