CN113855229A - One-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method and device - Google Patents
One-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method and a device, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments and simulation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a magnetic resonance image of a patient before an operation, performing image segmentation on the magnetic resonance image, and establishing an individual model of the patient based on the segmented image; acquiring magnetic resonance temperature measurement data during heating of the phantom, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and establishing a microwave probe model based on the distribution of the heat source items; and performing temperature simulation on different pin positions of the microwave probe model on the individual model, and performing thermal damage assessment on a temperature simulation result to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration and generate a surgery simulation scheme of the region to be ablated. The method can assist a doctor to quickly and accurately determine the proper pin position and microwave heating parameters, and effectively reduces the high dependence on the experience of the doctor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments and simulation, in particular to a one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method and device.
Background
Due to the abundant blood supply and the close association with regional lymphatic and venous drainage systems, vertebrae are prone to metastatic lesions, normally osteoblasts and osteoclasts responsible for the formation of new bone and for the lysis of old bone, respectively, in dynamic equilibrium, which is broken when cancer cells prevent or accelerate the action of one of the cells, resulting in osteolytic or sclerosteous lesions. Compared with traditional surgical resection, image-guided thermal ablation of vertebral tumors is gaining attention because of minimal invasion, even non-invasive, and little blood loss.
Abnormal development causes the tumor cells to have fast energy consumption, large metabolic heat production and poor heat resistance, and the damaged vascular neuroreceptors cannot make timely and accurate response to the ambient temperature, so that the tumor tissues are difficult to dissipate heat under an external heating source, and the temperature is obviously increased; the normal tissue can take away heat through blood flow, the temperature is maintained at a certain level, the temperature is usually 3-7 ℃ lower than that of the tumor, and the blood flow increased by the normal tissue can further reduce the blood supply of the tumor tissue, so that enough oxygen and nutrients cannot be obtained, and a large amount of acidic and toxic metabolites are accumulated until apoptosis of tumor cells is caused.
The penetration force of the microwave in the three main ablation means is stronger than that of focused ultrasound, and the temperature rise is obviously faster than that of radio frequency ablation without current conduction, so the microwave is more suitable for high-impedance bone tumors. Among them, the tumor temperature rise under microwave ablation is fast, which also means that the heating of the surrounding normal tissues is correspondingly accelerated, so that the proper insertion needle position and microwave heating parameters are of great importance.
However, in the related art, the doctor mainly tries to determine the proper insertion needle position and microwave heating parameters continuously during the operation, which not only highly depends on the experience of the doctor, but also greatly increases the operation time, and needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method which can assist a doctor to quickly and accurately determine a proper insertion needle position and microwave heating parameters and effectively reduce the high dependence on the experience of the doctor.
The invention also aims to provide a one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the invention provides a simulation method for a one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a magnetic resonance image of a patient before an operation, performing image segmentation on the magnetic resonance image, and establishing an individual model of the patient based on the segmented image; acquiring magnetic resonance temperature measurement data during heating of a phantom, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and establishing a microwave probe model based on the distribution of the heat source items; and performing temperature simulation on different pin positions of the microwave probe model on the individual model, and performing thermal damage assessment on a temperature simulation result to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration and generate a surgical simulation scheme of the to-be-ablated area.
The one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for carrying out temperature simulation on different contact pin positions before an operation, and determining the optimal contact pin position and heating duration by using simulation and thermal injury evaluation modes, so that a doctor can be assisted to quickly and accurately determine the proper contact pin position and microwave heating parameters, the high dependence on doctor experience is effectively reduced, the groping time in a formal operation is reduced, and the operation confidence of the doctor is enhanced.
In addition, the simulation method for the one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation according to the above embodiment of the invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, the thermal damage evaluation is performed on the temperature simulation result to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration, and the method comprises the following steps: determining an ablation boundary of the temperature simulation result based on an Arrhenius kinetic model; calculating an ablation ratio and a dice of the to-be-ablated area according to the ablation boundary and the boundary damage threshold, wherein the ablation ratio is the proportion of necrotic tissues in the tumor in the to-be-ablated area, and the dice is the intersection of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas divided by the union of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas; and determining the optimal matching of the thermal injury area and the area to be ablated according to the ablation ratio and the dice, and determining the optimal inserting needle position and the heating time length according to the optimal matching.
Further, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance thermometry data, comprising: discretizing the heat conduction item of the biological heat transfer model to obtain a difference form; and substituting the difference form into magnetic resonance temperature measurement data to obtain the distribution of the temperature in space and time, and obtaining the distribution of the heat source items through inverse solution of a Pennes equation.
Further, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance thermometry data, further comprising: acquiring optical fiber temperature measurement data of a plurality of temperature measurement points; performing time smooth correction on the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data according to the optical fiber temperature measurement data to obtain a continuous time temperature measurement result of all points of the whole section; and calculating the distribution of the heat source items according to the continuous time temperature measurement result.
Further, image segmentation is performed on the magnetic resonance image, and an individual model of the patient is established based on the segmented image, including: identifying a region to be ablated and surrounding tissues and organs in the magnetic resonance image; carrying out image segmentation on the region to be ablated, surrounding tissues and organs, and importing a blood vessel image of the magnetic resonance image; and generating an individual model of the patient according to the segmented image and the blood vessel image.
In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention provides a simulation device for a standing type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation, including: the first modeling module is used for acquiring a magnetic resonance image of a patient before an operation, performing image segmentation on the magnetic resonance image and establishing an individual model of the patient based on the segmented image; the second modeling module is used for acquiring magnetic resonance temperature measurement data during the heating of the phantom, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and establishing a microwave probe model based on the distribution of the heat source items; and the simulation module is used for carrying out temperature simulation on different pin positions of the microwave probe model on the individual model, carrying out thermal damage assessment on a temperature simulation result so as to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration and generate a surgical simulation scheme of a region to be ablated.
The one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for carrying out temperature simulation on different contact pin positions before an operation, and determining the optimal contact pin position and heating duration by using simulation and thermal injury evaluation modes, so that a doctor can be assisted to quickly and accurately determine the proper contact pin position and microwave heating parameters, the high dependence on doctor experience is effectively reduced, the groping time in a formal operation is reduced, and the operation confidence of the doctor is enhanced.
In addition, the one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device according to the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
further, the simulation module is further configured to determine an ablation boundary of the temperature simulation result based on an Arrhenius kinetic model; calculating an ablation ratio and a dice of the to-be-ablated area according to the ablation boundary and the boundary damage threshold, wherein the ablation ratio is the proportion of necrotic tissues in the tumor in the to-be-ablated area, and the dice is the intersection of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas divided by the union of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas; and determining the optimal matching of the thermal injury area and the area to be ablated according to the ablation ratio and the dice, and determining the optimal inserting needle position and the heating time length according to the optimal matching.
Further, the second modeling module is further used for discretizing the heat conduction item in the biological heat transfer model to obtain a difference form; and substituting the difference form into magnetic resonance temperature measurement data to obtain the distribution of the temperature in space and time, and obtaining the distribution of the heat source items through inverse solution of a Pennes equation.
Further, the second modeling module is further configured to obtain optical fiber temperature measurement data of a plurality of temperature measurement points; performing time smooth correction on the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data according to the optical fiber temperature measurement data to obtain a continuous time temperature measurement result of all points of the whole section; and calculating the distribution of the heat source items according to the continuous time temperature measurement result.
Further, the first modeling module is further used for identifying a region to be ablated and surrounding tissues and organs in the magnetic resonance image; carrying out image segmentation on the region to be ablated, surrounding tissues and organs, and importing a blood vessel image of the magnetic resonance image; and generating an individual model of the patient according to the segmented image and the blood vessel image.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation procedure simulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a one-station vertebral tumor microwave ablation procedure simulation method according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a simulation device for a one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation surgery according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The present invention is based on the recognition and discovery by the inventors of the following problems:
based on the problems of the background art, if the individual modeling can be carried out on the to-be-ablated area of the patient before the formal operation, the operation simulation and the temperature simulation are completed on the basis, the doctor is assisted to compare the ablation effects of different insertion paths and heating parameters of the probe, a proper operation scheme is formulated, the time for searching in the operation and the high dependence on the subjective experience of the doctor can be reduced, and meanwhile, the confidence of the doctor in the operation is enhanced.
In the guidance of medical images in the operation, the success of ablation depends on the accurate positioning of a probe and a target point and the real-time monitoring of the temperature distribution of a target area, and an electronic Computed Tomography (CT) technology and an ultrasonic imaging (US) technology are two commonly used human body in-vitro perspective imaging modes at present, but are respectively limited by large ionizing radiation, low image resolution and weak bone penetration force. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has no invasion and ionizing radiation, has good Imaging contrast to soft tissues, can acquire structural and functional Imaging with any section, multiple parameters and multiple contrasts, has the most important advantage of global and lossless temperature Imaging to water-containing tissues, and is an ideal means for navigation and temperature monitoring in the vertebral tumor thermal ablation operation.
The existing simulation of the microwave thermal ablation operation of the vertebral tumor mainly has the following problems:
(1) the speed and the accuracy of the individual modeling of the patient are not enough. The more detailed, more accurate and richer model of the patient is the basis for simulation, the manual marking of the medical image is too time-consuming, the traditional segmentation method has poor effect, and when the segmentation task is completed by utilizing a neural network, because the CT is easier to distinguish bone imaging, the CT is widely used as a training object for automatic segmentation of the vertebra, but the CT is not as good as MRI for imaging the tumor and other soft tissues, and the precision of carving the environment to be ablated around the vertebra is limited to a certain extent. Considering radiation dose and the need for temperature monitoring, real surgical navigation is most reasonable using MRI, and preoperative modeling also uses magnetic resonance in unison in order to minimize a wider variety of imaging techniques, further complicating the algorithmic level.
(2) The method of microwave probe heat source modeling is not applicable to clinicians. In order to obtain the distribution of the external heating source items, the internal structure of the probe is required to be utilized, the complex electromagnetic thermal coupling problem is solved under certain boundary conditions and initial conditions, a simulation computing platform which can be used for solving the problem is very expensive, and a merchant cannot reveal the specific details in the microwave probe, so that the difficulty is brought to the computation. Some scholars obtain the heat source model through heating experiments, have verified that this model can be used for guiding the simulation really, and needn't know the structural parameter of probe, but these heating experiments have used thermocouple, infrared imager, have additionally increased the required equipment of planning before the art, and be only applicable to the imitative body in addition, all can't carry out the temperature measurement of noninvasively to arbitrary section of human body.
(3) Physicians still rely on experience for the assessment of thermal injury. The gold standard for tissue necrosis determination is biopsy, while in delineating the necrosis boundary in ablation surgery simulation, the temperature threshold model considers two mechanisms of tissue necrosis: when the temperature of the tissue exceeds the damage temperature for more than a certain time, namely as long as the temperature exceeds a threshold value, the tissue is fixedly damaged in unit time, and the temperature below the threshold value does not cause any damage to the tissue; the tissue temperature just exceeds the necrosis temperature. However, the model ignores that the damage to the tissue caused by different temperatures is different, and related studies also show that the evaluation criterion of the experimental support often overestimates the ablation effect, so that the actual tumor is in an incomplete ablation state, and the postoperative recurrence risk is increased.
The invention provides a one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation scheme based on MRI, which comprises the steps of obtaining a patient refined model obtained by dividing a magnetic resonance image before an operation, obtaining a microwave probe heat source item obtained by a phantom temperature measurement experiment, utilizing a biological heat transfer model and an Arrhenius dynamics model, and finishing temperature simulation and thermal injury evaluation aiming at different contact pin positions, and simulating and planning a microwave ablation operation process. The one-stop method is to use only a unique medical imaging technology of non-invasive and non-radiative MRI from image segmentation to temperature measurement experiment, and does not use means such as CT, ultrasonic or infrared imaging.
The simulation method and device for the one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation according to the embodiment of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and first, the simulation method for the one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation according to the embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation surgery simulation method according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the simulation method of the one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation comprises the following steps:
in step S101, a magnetic resonance image of a patient before surgery is acquired, the magnetic resonance image is subjected to image segmentation, and an individual model of the patient is established based on the segmented image.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the invention can utilize the magnetic resonance imaging to carry out rapid and accurate segmentation modeling on the patient, effectively save a large amount of manpower required by preoperative patient modeling and reduce modeling cost. Wherein the individual model of the patient may be referred to as the patient model for short.
In this embodiment, image segmentation is performed on the magnetic resonance image, and an individual model of the patient is built based on the segmented image, including: identifying a region to be ablated and surrounding tissues and organs in the magnetic resonance image; carrying out image segmentation on the region to be ablated, surrounding tissues and organs, and importing a blood vessel image of a magnetic resonance image; an individual model of the patient is generated from the segmented images and the vessel images.
The region to be ablated is the region where the tumor to be ablated is located, and the surrounding tissues and organs of the region to be ablated can be vertebrae, spinal cord and other surrounding main organs.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention can introduce deep learning and utilize magnetic resonance imaging to carry out rapid and accurate segmentation modeling on a patient, and comprises the following steps: before operation, the neural network based on the Unet is trained to respectively finish the segmentation of vertebrae, tumors to be ablated, spinal cords and other peripheral main organs, and magnetic resonance is introduced to image blood vessels to form a relatively complete model, so that doctors can appropriately correct the model to obtain a more accurate model.
It should be noted that, because CT radiation dose is relatively large and other auxiliary means are required to measure intraoperative temperature distribution change in real time, in the embodiment of the present invention, MRI is used both before and during the operation, MRI is used to guide images during the operation to perform intraoperative temperature monitoring, and MRI is also used before the operation, which can effectively reduce the types of images used, and simplify and optimize procedures in unified imaging.
In step S102, magnetic resonance temperature measurement data during heating of the phantom is acquired, distribution of heat source items is calculated from the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and a microwave probe model is established based on the distribution of the heat source items.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the invention can utilize a magnetic resonance temperature measurement experiment to model the heat source of the microwave probe, and the structural details in the probe are not needed to be known, so that the complicated electromagnetic thermal coupling problem is solved, and a large amount of calculation cost is saved.
It should be noted that magnetic resonance imaging is subject to trade-off between temporal resolution and spatial resolution, and between field size and imaging accuracy, and it is necessary to obtain a temperature distribution map with high dispersion in time by taking appropriate imaging parameters, so as to obtain thermometry data.
In this embodiment, calculating the distribution of heat source items from the magnetic resonance thermometry data includes: discretizing the heat conduction item of the biological heat transfer model to obtain a difference form; and substituting the difference form into the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data to obtain the distribution of the temperature in space and time, and obtaining the distribution of the heat source items through inverse solution of a Pennes equation.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the invention can select a biological heat transfer model based on the Pennes equation, discretize the heat conduction term to obtain a difference form, obtain the distribution of the temperature in space and time, and substitute the Pennes equation to obtain the distribution of the heat source term in a reverse solution way.
In order to improve the accuracy of the distribution calculation of the heat source items, in some embodiments, the temperature measurement data of the optical fiber and the temperature measurement data of the magnetic resonance can be used for calculation together; calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and further comprising: acquiring optical fiber temperature measurement data of a plurality of temperature measurement points; performing time smooth correction on the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data according to the optical fiber temperature measurement data to obtain a continuous time temperature measurement result of all points of the whole section; and calculating the distribution of the heat source items according to the continuous time temperature measurement result.
The number of temperature measurement points may be specifically set according to the requirement of measurement accuracy, and is not particularly limited, for example, two or three temperature measurement points may be set. Taking the setting of two as an example, the following is specific:
in order to increase the accuracy of the heat source calculation result, two temperature measuring optical fibers are additionally used, the temperature measurement values of two points are transmitted to a computer in real time, and the relationship between the two temperature measurement results corresponding to the two points of the MRTI is found by comparing the optical fibers with the two temperature measurement results corresponding to the MRTI, so that the MRTI is smoothed in time, and the continuous time temperature measurement results of all the points of the whole section are approximately obtained. According to the method, the internal structure of a probe is not needed, the solving process is more friendly, the temperature measuring equipment with magnetic resonance as a main body is still used in the experiment, and the purchase of an infrared device and a large number of thermocouples is avoided.
In step S103, temperature simulation is performed on different pin positions of the microwave probe model on the individual model, and thermal damage assessment is performed on the temperature simulation result to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration, and generate a surgical simulation scheme of the region to be ablated.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the invention can complete temperature simulation, thermal injury assessment, simulation and planning of the microwave ablation surgical process aiming at different insertion needle positions.
In this embodiment, the thermal damage evaluation of the temperature simulation result to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration includes: determining an ablation boundary of a temperature simulation result based on an Arrhenius kinetic model; calculating the ablation ratio and dice of the region to be ablated according to the ablation boundary and the boundary damage threshold; and determining the optimal matching of the thermal injury area and the area to be ablated according to the ablation ratio and the dice so as to determine the optimal inserting needle position and the heating time length according to the optimal matching.
Specifically, the injury evaluation model in the embodiment of the invention adopts an Arrhenius kinetic model, and defines an ablation ratio to reflect the injury condition of the tumor, wherein the ablation ratio is the proportion of necrotic tissues in the tumor in a region to be ablated; the concept of analog image segmentation defines a dice reflecting the damage of the surrounding tissue, where dice is the intersection of the area to be ablated and all necrotic tissue areas divided by the union of the area to be ablated and all necrotic tissue areas.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a platform for preoperative planning and scheme making for a doctor by performing simulation test on a fine individualized patient model based on one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation of a magnetic resonance imaging technology and providing a proper probe insertion position and heating time. The simulation method of the one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2, specifically as follows:
firstly, 3D magnetic resonance imaging of a patient is segmented based on a neural network to obtain an individualized model including vertebrae, a tumor to be ablated, a spinal cord and other peripheral main organs, imaging of peripheral important blood vessels is combined with magnetic resonance, and a complete and accurate model is formed through correction of a professional doctor to prepare for temperature simulation and operation simulation.
Then, a microwave probe heat source model is solved through a phantom heating experiment, and the temperature measuring equipment is magnetic resonance. Considering that the time resolution of magnetic resonance temperature measurement is poor, the real-time temperature measurement results of two temperature measurement optical fibers are required to be compared with the temperature curves of two points corresponding to magnetic resonance, the time smoothness of the temperature measurement results of the magnetic resonance section is carried out by utilizing the curve correlation relationship, the results are brought into a difference-form Pennes equation, and an external heating source item is obtained by inverse solution.
And finally, combining a patient model, moving the probe to a corresponding position at a corresponding angle from a certain initial position through rotation, translation and scaling transformation according to specified parameters, completing temperature simulation and thermal injury evaluation based on an Arrhenius kinetic model under a biological heat transfer model, delineating an ablation boundary, calculating an ablation ratio, a tumor and a necrotic tissue area dice, assisting a doctor to find a proper needle inserting position and heating duration, and making an operation scheme.
According to the one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the neural network is used for quickly, accurately and automatically segmenting the image, so that a large amount of manpower for modeling the preoperative patient can be effectively saved; the microwave heat source item distribution is directly obtained by utilizing a simulated body heating experiment, the structural details in the probe are not required to be known, so that the complicated electromagnetic thermal coupling problem is solved, and a large amount of calculation cost is saved; the Arrhenius kinetic model is utilized to carry out more accurate quantitative injury assessment, and the high dependence on doctor experience is reduced; therefore, the preoperative plan generated through simulation can help a doctor determine a proper pin position and microwave heating parameters, the groping time in the formal operation is reduced, and the operation confidence of the doctor is enhanced.
Next, a one-station type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device according to an embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a one-station vertebral tumor microwave ablation surgery simulation device according to one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device 10 includes: a first modeling module 100, a second modeling module 200, and a simulation module 300. Wherein,
the first modeling module 100 is configured to acquire a magnetic resonance image of a patient before an operation, perform image segmentation on the magnetic resonance image, and establish an individual model of the patient based on the segmented image.
In the present embodiment, the first modeling module 100 is further configured to identify a region to be ablated and surrounding tissues and organs in the magnetic resonance image; carrying out image segmentation on the region to be ablated, surrounding tissues and organs, and importing a blood vessel image of a magnetic resonance image; an individual model of the patient is generated from the segmented images and the vessel images.
The second modeling module 200 is used for collecting magnetic resonance temperature measurement data during the heating of the phantom, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and establishing a microwave probe model based on the distribution of the heat source items;
in this embodiment, the second modeling module 200 is further configured to discretize the thermal conduction term in the biological heat transfer model to obtain a differential form; and substituting the difference form into the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data to obtain the distribution of the temperature in space and time, and obtaining the distribution of the heat source items through inverse solution of a Pennes equation.
In this embodiment, the second modeling module 200 is further configured to obtain optical fiber temperature measurement data of a plurality of temperature measurement points; performing time smooth correction on the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data according to the optical fiber temperature measurement data to obtain a continuous time temperature measurement result of all points of the whole section; and calculating the distribution of the heat source items according to the continuous time temperature measurement result.
The simulation module 300 is configured to perform temperature simulation on different pin positions of the microwave probe model on the individual model, perform thermal damage assessment on the temperature simulation result, determine an optimal pin position and heating duration, and generate a surgical simulation scheme of the region to be ablated.
In this embodiment, the simulation module 300 is further configured to determine an ablation boundary of the temperature simulation result based on the Arrhenius kinetic model; calculating an ablation ratio and a dice of a region to be ablated according to the ablation boundary and the boundary damage threshold, wherein the ablation ratio is the proportion of necrotic tissues in the tumor in the region to be ablated, and the dice is the intersection of the region to be ablated and all the necrotic tissue regions divided by the union of the region to be ablated and all the necrotic tissue regions; and determining the optimal matching of the thermal injury area and the area to be ablated according to the ablation ratio and the dice so as to determine the optimal inserting needle position and the heating time length according to the optimal matching.
It should be noted that the above explanation of the one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method embodiment is also applicable to the one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device of the embodiment, and is not repeated here.
According to the one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the neural network is used for quickly, accurately and automatically segmenting the image, so that a large amount of manpower for modeling the preoperative patient can be effectively saved; the microwave heat source item distribution is directly obtained by utilizing a simulated body heating experiment, the structural details in the probe are not required to be known, so that the complicated electromagnetic thermal coupling problem is solved, and a large amount of calculation cost is saved; the Arrhenius kinetic model is utilized to carry out more accurate quantitative injury assessment, and the high dependence on doctor experience is reduced; therefore, the preoperative plan generated through simulation can help a doctor determine a proper pin position and microwave heating parameters, the groping time in the formal operation is reduced, and the operation confidence of the doctor is enhanced.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A one-stop vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a magnetic resonance image of a patient before an operation, performing image segmentation on the magnetic resonance image, and establishing an individual model of the patient based on the segmented image;
acquiring magnetic resonance temperature measurement data during heating of a phantom, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and establishing a microwave probe model based on the distribution of the heat source items; and
and performing temperature simulation on different pin positions of the microwave probe model on the individual model, and performing thermal damage assessment on a temperature simulation result to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration and generate a surgical simulation scheme of the to-be-ablated area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein evaluating the temperature simulation results for thermal damage to determine optimal pin locations and heating durations comprises:
determining an ablation boundary of the temperature simulation result based on an Arrhenius kinetic model;
calculating an ablation ratio and a dice of the to-be-ablated area according to the ablation boundary and the boundary damage threshold, wherein the ablation ratio is the proportion of necrotic tissues in the tumor in the to-be-ablated area, and the dice is the intersection of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas divided by the union of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas;
and determining the optimal matching of the thermal injury area and the area to be ablated according to the ablation ratio and the dice, and determining the optimal inserting needle position and the heating time length according to the optimal matching.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a distribution of heat source terms from the magnetic resonance thermometry data comprises:
discretizing the heat conduction item of the biological heat transfer model to obtain a difference form;
and substituting the difference form into magnetic resonance temperature measurement data to obtain the distribution of the temperature in space and time, and obtaining the distribution of the heat source items through inverse solution of a Pennes equation.
4. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein calculating a distribution of heat source terms from the magnetic resonance thermometry data further comprises:
acquiring optical fiber temperature measurement data of a plurality of temperature measurement points;
performing time smooth correction on the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data according to the optical fiber temperature measurement data to obtain a continuous time temperature measurement result of all points of the whole section;
and calculating the distribution of the heat source items according to the continuous time temperature measurement result.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein image segmenting the magnetic resonance image and establishing an individual model of the patient based on the segmented image comprises:
identifying a region to be ablated and surrounding tissues and organs in the magnetic resonance image;
carrying out image segmentation on the region to be ablated, surrounding tissues and organs, and importing a blood vessel image of the magnetic resonance image;
and generating an individual model of the patient according to the segmented image and the blood vessel image.
6. A one-stop type vertebral tumor microwave ablation operation simulation device is characterized by comprising:
the first modeling module is used for acquiring a magnetic resonance image of a patient before an operation, performing image segmentation on the magnetic resonance image and establishing an individual model of the patient based on the segmented image;
the second modeling module is used for acquiring magnetic resonance temperature measurement data during the heating of the phantom, calculating the distribution of heat source items according to the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data, and establishing a microwave probe model based on the distribution of the heat source items; and
and the simulation module is used for carrying out temperature simulation on different pin positions of the microwave probe model on the individual model, carrying out thermal damage assessment on a temperature simulation result so as to determine the optimal pin position and heating duration and generate a surgical simulation scheme of a region to be ablated.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the simulation module is further configured to determine an ablation boundary of the temperature simulation result based on an Arrhenius kinetic model; calculating an ablation ratio and a dice of the to-be-ablated area according to the ablation boundary and the boundary damage threshold, wherein the ablation ratio is the proportion of necrotic tissues in the tumor in the to-be-ablated area, and the dice is the intersection of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas divided by the union of the to-be-ablated area and all necrotic tissue areas; and determining the optimal matching of the thermal injury area and the area to be ablated according to the ablation ratio and the dice, and determining the optimal inserting needle position and the heating time length according to the optimal matching.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second modeling module is further configured to discretize the thermal conductivity term in the biological heat transfer model into a differential form; and substituting the difference form into magnetic resonance temperature measurement data to obtain the distribution of the temperature in space and time, and obtaining the distribution of the heat source items through inverse solution of a Pennes equation.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 or 8, wherein the second modeling module is further configured to obtain fiber thermometry data for a plurality of thermometry points; performing time smooth correction on the magnetic resonance temperature measurement data according to the optical fiber temperature measurement data to obtain a continuous time temperature measurement result of all points of the whole section; and calculating the distribution of the heat source items according to the continuous time temperature measurement result.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first modeling module is further configured to identify a region to be ablated and surrounding tissues and organs in the magnetic resonance image; carrying out image segmentation on the region to be ablated, surrounding tissues and organs, and importing a blood vessel image of the magnetic resonance image; and generating an individual model of the patient according to the segmented image and the blood vessel image.
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