CN113852496B - High-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing tight link position - Google Patents

High-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing tight link position Download PDF

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CN113852496B
CN113852496B CN202111068337.2A CN202111068337A CN113852496B CN 113852496 B CN113852496 B CN 113852496B CN 202111068337 A CN202111068337 A CN 202111068337A CN 113852496 B CN113852496 B CN 113852496B
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sequence
module
parameters
data packet
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CN113852496A (en
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王京梅
刘宇
孙馗苡
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/142—Network analysis or design using statistical or mathematical methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/145—Network analysis or design involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829—Packet loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H04L43/0894—Packet rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/12—Network monitoring probes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/50—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Abstract

The invention provides a high-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing the position of a tight link, which is used for setting measurement sequence parameters according to the actual condition of a path to be measured and realizing the measurement of the position of the tight link and the available bandwidth by combining with the principle of self-induced congestion. In the invention, after a measurement message sequence is generated by a measurement probe according to a set measurement sequence parameter, the measurement message sequence is grouped to a path to be measured through an IP protocol; in the IP forwarding process, the message sequence characteristics of the measurement message are changed due to the existence of the tight link, so that the recording parameters of the sending end and the receiving end are different. The measurement console calculates and obtains the position and the size information of the tight link based on the recording parameters of the transmitting end and the recording parameters of the receiving end by combining ICMP error notification information. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the accuracy is not affected, the times of injecting the detection flow into the network link are effectively reduced, and the problem of high measurement overhead in the network bandwidth measurement scheme is solved.

Description

High-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing tight link position
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of network measurement, and relates to a high-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing a tight link position.
Background
The network technology is rapidly developed, the convenient and rich network application plays an important role in various layers, the life style of people is greatly changed, and the network becomes an extremely important part of the life of the current society. Since networks became a very important part of today's society, research into network measurement technology has been continually focused. In the field of communication networks, the end-to-end available bandwidth may be used to represent congestion status and also accessible traffic between two endpoints. The end-to-end available bandwidth has an important role in setting congestion mechanisms and service request access control.
In the measurement of the available bandwidth of the network, the detection traffic is actively injected into the tested link, and then the related information is collected for calculation, so that the method is a basic implementation mode of an active bandwidth measurement method. After this century, research into available bandwidth measurement was coming into the climax, and numerous measurement algorithms and tools were issued, which can be largely divided into two types, a detection interval-based model and a detection rate-based model.
The measurement method based on the detection interval model mainly observes the change of the inter-packet interval before and after the detection packet sequence (packet pair) passes through the bottleneck link from a microscopic angle, and the method can be realized on the premise that the narrow link and the tight link are the same when the available bandwidth is measured, wherein the narrow link (bottleneck link) refers to the link with the minimum link bandwidth Ci in the path, and the assumption cannot meet the actual condition, so that the obtained data accuracy is low. Another disadvantage of the inter-packet interval based measurement method is that the link capacity of the narrow link is known, which in turn increases the measurement overhead.
The measurement method based on the detection rate model is the most widely used available bandwidth measurement method at present, and is based on the principle of self-induced congestion: if the rate of sending the detection packet is smaller than the available bandwidth, the path is not congested, and the rate of receiving the detection packet is the same as the rate of sending the detection packet; if the rate at which probe packets are sent is greater than the available bandwidth, the path will be congested, and the rate at which probe packets are received is less than the rate at which probe packets are sent. The available bandwidth can be obtained by finding an inflection point where the probe packet transmission and reception rates are exactly the same. A disadvantage of this type of approach is the large probe traffic injected into the network. The existing measuring method based on the detection rate model needs to inject a plurality of detection sequences with different transmission rates into a network, and when the relative time delay of the detection sequence with a certain rate starts to increase, the transmission rate point corresponding to the detection sequence is judged to be the turning point position. Ideally, the transmission rate corresponding to the probe sequence of the turning point position is an estimated value of the available bandwidth. However, due to the influence of abrupt background traffic, queuing delays of probe packets in different probe flows are usually not monotonous, and herein, reference may be made to the delay profile shown in fig. 4, so that the available bandwidth estimation value obtained by this method has low accuracy, and multiple groups of probe flows need to be injected into the network during the measurement process, which necessarily increases the measurement overhead.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the high-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing the tight link position is provided to solve the problems that the available bandwidth estimation value in the available bandwidth measurement method based on the detection rate model in the background technology is low in precision and high in measurement cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing a tight link location, wherein the tight link refers to a link in a path having a minimum available bandwidth B, comprising: a measurement probe and a measurement console;
the measuring probes are distributed in each node of the network, and are used for receiving the measuring sequence parameters provided by the measuring console and generating a measuring message sequence according to the received measuring sequence parameters; transmitting the measurement message sequence to a path to be measured through a network interface, and acquiring the recording parameters of the measurement message sequence at the transmitting end of the path to be measured, the recording parameters of the receiving end and the returned ICMP error information;
the measurement control console determines the number of the measurement probe to be started according to the measurement requirement, sets the measurement sequence parameters, and the measurement sequence parameters comprise: the number of the messages, the lengths of the messages and the change rule of the lengths of the messages, and the interval sizes and interval change rules of the messages; transmitting the set measurement sequence parameters to measurement probes corresponding to the starting numbers; receiving the record parameters of the transmitting end, the record parameters of the receiving end and ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) error information returned by the measuring probe; based on the recording parameters of the transmitting end and the recording parameters of the receiving end, the position of the tight link and the available bandwidth estimated value of the tight link are calculated by combining the returned ICMP error information.
Further, the measurement sequence message sequence generated by the measurement probe comprises a load measurement data packet and a position detection data packet;
the load measurement data packets are multiple and are positioned in the middle of the whole measurement message sequence; setting and setting the sending rate of each load data packet according to the sequence of the sending time by the plurality of load data packets;
the position detection data packet is used as an ICMP query message and is positioned at the head and tail of the whole measurement message sequence, and the message length of the position detection data packet is far smaller than that of the load measurement data packet; the TTL value of the position detection data packet is set in a mode of decreasing the sequence head and increasing the sequence tail so as to ensure that a pair of ICMP position detection data packets can be lost when a measurement sequence message passes through a node message sequence.
Further, the measurement probe includes: the system comprises a console interaction module, a local clock and time stamp module, a measurement sequence sending module, a receiving module and a measurement data caching module;
the console interaction module is connected with the measurement console; transmitting the measurement sequence parameters set by the measurement console to a measurement sequence transmitting module; providing the record parameters of the transmitting end, the record parameters of the receiving end and the returned ICMP error information which are provided by the measurement data buffer module buffer;
the local clock and time stamp module is used for providing time reference for the measurement sequence transmitting module and the measurement sequence receiving module and is the basis for generating time stamps;
the measurement sequence sending module is connected with the console interaction module and the local clock and time module; generating a measurement message sequence according to the set measurement sequence parameters and the time reference information; transmitting the measurement message sequence to a path to be measured through a network interface;
the receiving module is connected with the local clock and time stamp module and the network interface; acquiring a measurement message sequence of a path to be measured and an ICMP error message returned in the measurement process through a network interface; obtaining a recording parameter of a receiving end of the path to be detected according to time reference information provided by a local clock and time stamp module;
the measurement data buffer module is connected with the measurement sequence sending module and the receiving module and is used for buffering the recording parameters of the sending end provided by the measurement sequence sending module and the recording parameters of the receiving end provided by the receiving module; and sends the parameter information to the measurement console via the console interaction module.
Further, the detailed process of calculating the available bandwidth estimation of the tight link by the measurement console is as follows:
step 1, when setting the first measurement according to the actual network condition, the upper bound H and the lower bound L of the detection rate of the load data packet in the measurement message sequence are used for obtaining the parameter delta of the change of the load measurement data packet rate of the first measurement message sequence i ；
Step 2, according to the data packet rate variation parameter delta obtained in step 1 i And combining the measurement packet sequence load measurement data packet setting rule to obtain the sending rate of each load data packet so as to determine the time interval of sending the adjacent load data packets in the measurement sequence.
Step 3, according to the measured message sequence sent in the receiving step 2, obtaining the time interval and word length information of the measured message sequence of the receiving end, calculating the packet loss rate, and if the packet loss rate is too high, adjusting the values of H and L, and turning to the step 1; if not, the available bandwidth is estimated by the following formula:
b in the formula represents the available bandwidth;the summation result of delay offset of all load data in the measurement sequence is represented, wherein the value range of n is as follows:n is greater than 0 and less than the number of load measurement data packets in the sequence; parameter delta i The value range of i representing the speed change of the load measurement data packet is as follows: i is equal to or greater than 1 and equal to or less than half the number of load measurement packets.
Step 4, performing error judgment on the available bandwidth estimated in the step 3;
if the upper limit H of the currently set detection rate, the lower limit L of the detection rate and the estimated available bandwidth B meet H-L-0.2XB is less than or equal to 0, ending the measurement, and taking the currently obtained available bandwidth value as a final measurement result;
if the currently set upper limit H of the detection rate, the lower limit L of the detection rate and the estimated available bandwidth do not meet H-L-0.2XB.ltoreq.0, the current estimated available bandwidth B is required to be used as the basis for the next measurement, and the upper limit H and the lower limit L of the detection rate of the load data packet in the measurement message sequence are adjusted by resetting the measurement sequence parameters, so that the next available bandwidth estimation is performed; and repeating the step until the set error judgment condition is met, and ending the measurement.
The invention provides a high-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing the position of a tight link, which is used for setting measurement sequence parameters according to the actual condition of a path to be measured and realizing the measurement of the position and size information of the tight link by combining with the principle of self-induced congestion. In the invention, the measurement message sequence generated according to the measurement sequence parameters set by the measurement console comprises a load measurement data packet and a position detection data packet. The load measurement data packets are positioned in the middle of the whole measurement message sequence, a plurality of load measurement data packets are arranged, and the plurality of load measurement data packets are arranged in a way of increasing the transmission rate according to the sequence of the transmission time; the measurement message sequence after the setting has the detection range from the upper bound H to the lower bound L, the frequency of injecting the detection flow into the path link to be detected can be effectively reduced, the operation is simpler in the aspect of measuring the available bandwidth, and the network cannot be greatly burdened.
The position detection data packet is used as an ICMP query message and is positioned at the head and tail of the whole measurement message sequence, and the message length of the position detection data packet is far smaller than that of the load measurement data packet; the TTL value of the position detection data packet is set in a mode of decreasing the head part and increasing the tail part of the sequence, so that a pair of ICMP position detection data packets can be lost when a measurement sequence message passes through a node message sequence; the measurement console can calculate the processing time of the whole measurement message sequence passing through the node through the time interval information processing of the two received ICMP messages, and can judge the position information of the tight link through comparing the processing time of different nodes and the node information contained in the ICMP messages.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The designed measurement sequence parameters comprise position detection data packets and load measurement data packets, and the position of the tight link can be estimated by recording ICMP error message information returned in the measurement process; the accurate estimation of the available bandwidth of the network to be measured can be realized through the recording parameter information of the transmitting end and the recording parameter of the receiving end.
(2) After the measurement sequence parameters are set by the measurement console according to the task requirements of the path to be measured, the frequency of injecting the detection flow into the network link is effectively reduced while the accuracy is not affected, and the problem of high measurement overhead in the conventional network bandwidth measurement scheme based on rate measurement is solved.
(3) The measurement form is intensively processed and regulated by adopting the form of embedded hardware and a controlled micro system, so that the measurement cost is further reduced;
(4) The whole measuring system does not need time synchronization, and accurate measurement can be realized even in an asynchronous state.
(5) The local clock and time stamp module adopts hardware time stamp, so that time information errors caused by message queuing in the network card during software measurement are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a measurement message sequence model constructed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a measurement probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a typical queuing delay profile.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing a tight link position provided by the present invention, wherein the tight link refers to a link with the minimum available bandwidth B in a path, and includes: a measurement probe and a measurement console;
the measuring probe is used for receiving the measuring sequence parameters provided by the measuring console and generating a measuring message sequence according to the received measuring sequence parameters; transmitting the measurement message sequence to a path to be measured through a network interface, and acquiring the recording parameters of the measurement message sequence at the transmitting end of the path to be measured, the recording parameters of the receiving end and the returned ICMP error information;
the measurement control console determines the number of the measurement probe to be started according to the measurement requirement, sets the measurement sequence parameters, and the measurement sequence parameters comprise: the number of the messages, the lengths of the messages and the change rule of the lengths of the messages, and the interval sizes and interval change rules of the messages; transmitting the set measurement sequence parameters to measurement probes corresponding to the starting numbers; receiving the record parameters of the transmitting end, the record parameters of the receiving end and ICMP error information returned by the measuring probe; based on the recording parameters of the transmitting end and the recording parameters of the receiving end, the position of the tight link and the estimated value of the available bandwidth of the tight link are calculated by combining the returned ICMP error information.
The structure of the measurement probe is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a console interaction module, a local clock and time delay module, a measurement sequence sending module, a receiving module and a measurement data buffer module. The console interaction module is connected with the measurement console; transmitting the measurement sequence parameters set by the measurement console to a measurement sequence transmitting module; and providing the record parameters of the transmitting end, the record parameters of the receiving end and the returned ICMP error information provided by the buffer memory of the measured data buffer memory module for the measuring console. The local clock and time stamp module is used for providing time reference for the measurement sequence transmitting module and the measurement sequence receiving module, and is the basis for generating time stamps. The measurement sequence sending module is connected with the console interaction module and the local clock and time module; generating a measurement message sequence according to the set measurement sequence parameters and the time reference information; and transmitting the measurement message sequence to the path to be measured through the network interface. The receiving module is connected with the local clock and time stamp module and the network interface; acquiring a measurement message sequence of a path to be measured and an ICMP error message returned in the measurement process through a network interface; and obtaining the recording parameters of the receiving end of the path to be detected according to the time reference information provided by the local clock and the time stamp module. The measurement data buffer module is connected with the measurement sequence sending module and the receiving module and is used for buffering the recording parameters of the sending end provided by the measurement sequence sending module and the recording parameters of the receiving end provided by the receiving module; and sends the parameter information to the measurement console via the console interaction module.
In this embodiment, the measurement sequence parameters are set by the measurement console according to the actual network conditions as key factors for achieving positioning of the tight link and measuring the available bandwidth. The measurement probe generates a measurement message sequence according to the set measurement sequence parameters, and as shown in fig. 2, the measurement message sequence is divided into two parts, including a position detection data packet and a load measurement data packet. The position detection data packet is used for positioning the tight link, and the load measurement data packet is used for completing the available bandwidth measurement.
The load measurement data packet of this embodiment is disposed in the middle of the measurement packet sequence, and two sides thereof are position detection data packets. The position detection data packet is used as an ICMP query message, and the message length is far smaller than the message length of the load measurement data packet; the TTL values of the position detection data packets are set in a manner that the sequence head decreases and the tail increases, and in this embodiment, the position detection data packets located at two sides of the load measurement data packet each include five position detection data packets. In the figure, the TTL values of the position detection data packets positioned on the right side of the load measurement data packet are set to be 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 in sequence along the arrow direction; the TTL values of the position detection data packets positioned at the left side of the load measurement data packet are set to be 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in sequence along the arrow tail direction. The arrangement can generate a pair of position detection data packets with TTL values reduced to 0 after the measurement message sequence passes through one node, so that the situation that the measurement message sequence loses a pair of ICMP position detection data packets after passing through one node message sequence is ensured.
When in implementation, the measurement console is used for positioning the tight link according to the time information of the position data packet in the transmitting end measurement sequence and the receiving end measurement sequence provided in the measurement probe and the ICMP error message returned in the measurement process. Because the message length of the position detection data packet is far smaller than that of the load measurement data packet, the influence of a pair of lost position detection data packets on the whole measurement message sequence after passing through one node can be ignored; the measurement console can calculate the processing time of the whole measurement message sequence passing through the node through the time interval information processing of the two received ICMP messages, and can judge the position information of the tight link through comparing the processing time of different nodes.
The message characteristics of the load measurement data packet comprise the number of messages, the length of the messages, the change rule of the length of the messages, the size of the interval of the messages, the change rule of the interval of the messages and the like. According to the actual environment of the path to be tested in the embodiment, the number of the load measurement data packets is set to be 60, and the intervals of the graph messages are sequentially reduced along the arrow tail direction, namely the sending rate is arranged from small to large along the arrow tail direction; after the time interval between the load measurement data packet messages is calculated by the measurement console, the time interval is issued to the enabled measurement pointer; packet interval per load measurement of packet speed change parameter delta i Distributed such that one probe stream may exhibit different rates; in this embodiment, it is assumed that the measurement sequence parameters issued from the measurement console are defined as: the length of the load measurement packet is decreased by 1 byte from the arrow to the arrow tail in order from 500 bytes, and in this embodiment, the TTL values of the load measurement packet are all set to 255. These parameters are calculated from the scene under test so that the detected tight link bandwidth can be from 5Mbps to 1000Mbps.
The scheme of estimating the available bandwidth by the measurement console in this embodiment refers to an "estimation method for detecting the available bandwidth due to abrupt change of background traffic" based on intelligent segmentation algorithm, which is proposed by the authors of the rate-based available bandwidth measurement method Pathchirp, and estimates the available bandwidth measurement, wherein the related formulas are all common formulas in the prior art in the estimation process.
In the initial stage of available bandwidth estimation, the queuing delay of each load measurement data packet is calculated according to the load measurement data packet time information of the recording parameters of the sending end and the load measurement data packet time information of the recording parameters of the receiving end; and then determining the condition that the delay deviation between i and j between two adjacent load measurement data packets is required to meet according to the calculated queuing delay of each load measurement data packet:
and j-i > LD
Wherein q is queuing delay; LD is the minimum length of delay deviation, preferably ld=5; f refers to a reduction factor, preferably f=1.5
And judging whether delay deviation exists between two adjacent load measurement data packets according to the conditions. If no delay exists, the available bandwidth measurement is not needed; if there is a delay deviation between two adjacent load measurement data packets, the available bandwidth of the network is measured as follows. Specific:
step 1, the network type between the transmitting end and the receiving end determines the upper limit and the lower limit of the available bandwidth measurement range. That is, according to the actual network condition during the first measurement, by setting the measurement sequence parameters, the upper boundary H and the lower boundary L of the detection rate of the load data packet in the measurement message sequence can be determined, the detection range from the upper boundary H to the lower boundary L is obtained, and the parameter delta of the change of the load measurement data packet rate of the first measurement message sequence can be calculated by using the detection range i 。
Where σ and α are streams according to the path under testA value of the quantity feature setting; in this embodiment, σ=5%, and α=1.3. In this scheme, the upper bound of the first probe packet is set to 1000Mbps, and the lower bound L is set to 5Mbps. Setting the intermediate value to D, i.eThe transmission rate of the load measurement data packet in the middle of the first measurement message sequence is set as D, and the rates from D to H are sequentially D, D+delta 1 ，D+Δ 1 +Δ 2 ，D+Δ 1 +Δ 2 +Δ 3 … the rates D to L are in turn D, D-delta 1 ，D-Δ 1 -Δ 2 ，D-Δ 1 -Δ 2 -Δ 3 …, the center of which is D is left-right symmetric. In practice, in order to improve the measurement accuracy of the available bandwidth, multiple measurements are usually required, and in the first measurement, in order to simplify the operation process, the bandwidth C in the path to be measured can be directly measured i The minimum value is used as the value of the upper bound H of the measurement message sequence.
Step 2, according to the data packet rate variation parameter delta obtained in step 1 i And combining the measurement packet sequence load measurement data packet setting rule to obtain the sending rate of each load data packet so as to determine the time interval of sending the adjacent load data packets in the measurement sequence.
Step 3, according to the measured message sequence sent in the receiving step 2, obtaining the time interval and word length information of the measured message sequence of the receiving end, calculating the packet loss rate, and if the packet loss rate is too high, adjusting the values of H and L, and turning to the step 1; if not, the available bandwidth is estimated by the following formula:
in the above, q k Represents the queuing delay, q, of the load measurement data packet k k+1 Representing the queuing delay of the load measurement data packet k+1; wherein B represents the available bandwidth;representing all load data in a measurement sequenceThe result of the summation of the delay offsets, wherein the range of values of n is: n is greater than 0 and less than the number of load measurement data packets in the sequence; parameter delta i Indicating a change in the speed of the load measurement packet; e (E) k The bandwidth available between packets is measured for a single packet between two adjacent loads.
Step 4, performing error judgment on the available bandwidth estimated in the step 3;
if the upper limit H of the currently set detection rate, the lower limit L of the detection rate and the estimated available bandwidth B meet H-L-0.2XB is less than or equal to 0, ending the measurement, and taking the currently obtained available bandwidth value as a final measurement result;
if the currently set upper limit H of the detection rate, the lower limit L of the detection rate and the estimated available bandwidth do not meet H-L-0.2XB.ltoreq.0, the current estimated available bandwidth B is required to be used as the basis for the next measurement, and the upper limit H and the lower limit L of the detection rate of the load data packet in the measurement message sequence are adjusted by resetting the measurement sequence parameters, so that the next available bandwidth estimation is performed; and repeating the step until the set error judgment condition is met, and ending the measurement.
Under complex and changeable network links, continuous measurement is needed to be carried out on network paths for multiple times; the current available bandwidth measurement value B can be used as an intermediate value D of the next measurement message sequence, and an increment constant beta (beta > 1) and a decrement factor gamma (gamma < 1) are introduced; the next time the message sequence is measured, the upper bound h=β×d and the lower bound l=γ×d. In this way errors in the measurement results can be minimized.
From the above description of the implementation, it is readily found that the high-precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing a tight link position provided by the present invention determines, according to the actual network situation and task requirements, the number of the measurement probe to be started and the set measurement sequence parameters to be sent to the measurement probe. The measurement probe generates a measurement message sequence according to the set measurement sequence parameters, and then groups the measurement message sequence into a path to be measured through IP (Internet Protocol); in the IP forwarding process, the message sequence characteristics of the measurement message are changed due to the existence of the tight link, so that the recording parameters of the sending end and the receiving end are different. The measurement console calculates and obtains the position and the size information of the tight link based on the recording parameters of the transmitting end and the recording parameters of the receiving end and combined with ICMP error notification information, and effective network available bandwidth measurement is realized. Compared with the existing available bandwidth estimation scheme, the method and the device have the advantages that the accuracy is not affected, the number of times of injecting the detection flow into the network link is effectively reduced, and the problem of high measurement overhead in the network bandwidth measurement scheme is solved.

Claims (3)

1. A high precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing a tight link location, wherein the tight link refers to a link in a path having a minimum available bandwidth B, comprising: measurement probe and measurement console, its characterized in that:
the measuring probes are distributed in each node of the network, and are used for receiving the measuring sequence parameters provided by the measuring console and generating a measuring message sequence according to the received measuring sequence parameters; transmitting the measurement message sequence to a path to be measured through a network interface, and acquiring the recording parameters of the measurement message sequence at the transmitting end of the path to be measured, the recording parameters of the receiving end and the returned ICMP error information;
the measurement control console determines the number of the measurement probe to be started according to the measurement requirement, sets the measurement sequence parameters, and the measurement sequence parameters comprise: the number of the messages, the lengths of the messages and the change rule of the lengths of the messages, and the interval sizes and interval change rules of the messages; transmitting the set measurement sequence parameters to measurement probes corresponding to the starting numbers; receiving the record parameters of the transmitting end, the record parameters of the receiving end and ICMP error information returned by the measuring probe; based on the recording parameters of the transmitting end and the recording parameters of the receiving end, the position of the tight link and the available bandwidth estimated value of the tight link are calculated by combining the returned ICMP error information;
the position calculation process of the tight link is as follows: the measurement console calculates the processing time of the whole measurement message sequence passing through the node according to the time interval information of the two received ICMP messages, and judges the position information of the tight link by comparing the processing time of different nodes;
the calculation process of the available bandwidth estimation of the tight link comprises the following steps:
step 1, when setting the first measurement according to the actual network condition, the upper bound H and the lower bound L of the detection rate of the load data packet in the measurement message sequence are used for obtaining the parameter delta of the change of the load measurement data packet rate of the first measurement message sequence i ；
Step 2, according to the data packet rate variation parameter delta obtained in step 1 i Combining with a measurement packet sequence load measurement data packet setting rule to obtain the sending rate of each load data packet so as to determine the time interval of sending adjacent load data packets in the measurement sequence;
step 3, according to the measured message sequence sent in the receiving step 2, obtaining the time interval and word length information of the measured message sequence of the receiving end, calculating the packet loss rate, and if the packet loss rate is too high, adjusting the values of H and L, and turning to the step 1; if not, the available bandwidth is estimated by the following formula:
b in the formula represents the available bandwidth;the summation result of delay offset of all load data in the measurement sequence is represented, wherein the value range of n is as follows: n is greater than 0 and less than the number of load measurement data packets in the sequence; parameter delta i The value range of i representing the speed change of the load measurement data packet is as follows: i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to half of the number of load measurement data packets;
and 4, performing error judgment on the available bandwidth estimated in the step 3:
if the upper limit H of the currently set detection rate, the lower limit L of the detection rate and the estimated available bandwidth B meet H-L-0.2XB is less than or equal to 0, ending the measurement, and taking the currently obtained available bandwidth value as a final measurement result;
if the currently set upper limit H of the detection rate, the lower limit L of the detection rate and the estimated available bandwidth do not meet H-L-0.2XB.ltoreq.0, the current estimated available bandwidth B is required to be used as the basis for the next measurement, and the upper limit H and the lower limit L of the detection rate of the load data packet in the measurement message sequence are adjusted by resetting the measurement sequence parameters, so that the next available bandwidth estimation is performed; and repeating the step until the set error judgment condition is met, and ending the measurement.
2. A high precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing a tight link location according to claim 1, wherein: the measurement sequence message sequence generated by the measurement probe comprises a load measurement data packet and a position detection data packet;
the load measurement data packets are multiple and are positioned in the middle of the whole measurement message sequence; setting and setting the sending rate of each load data packet according to the sequence of the sending time by the plurality of load data packets;
the position detection data packet is used as an ICMP query message and is positioned at the head and tail of the whole measurement message sequence, and the message length of the position detection data packet is far smaller than that of the load measurement data packet; the TTL value of the position detection data packet is set in a mode of decreasing the sequence head and increasing the sequence tail so as to ensure that a pair of ICMP position detection data packets can be lost when a measurement sequence message passes through a node message sequence.
3. A high precision network bandwidth measurement system capable of diagnosing a tight link location according to claim 1, wherein: the measurement probe includes: the system comprises a console interaction module, a local clock and time stamp module, a measurement sequence sending module, a receiving module and a measurement data caching module;
the console interaction module is connected with the measurement console; transmitting the measurement sequence parameters set by the measurement console to a measurement sequence transmitting module; providing the record parameters of the transmitting end, the record parameters of the receiving end and the returned ICMP error information which are provided by the measurement data buffer module buffer;
the local clock and time stamp module is used for providing time reference for the measurement sequence transmitting module and the measurement sequence receiving module and is the basis for generating time stamps;
the measurement sequence sending module is connected with the console interaction module and the local clock and time module; generating a measurement message sequence according to the set measurement sequence parameters and the time reference information; transmitting the measurement message sequence to a path to be measured through a network interface;
the receiving module is connected with the local clock and time stamp module and the network interface; acquiring a measurement message sequence of a path to be measured and an ICMP error message returned in the measurement process through a network interface; obtaining a recording parameter of a receiving end of the path to be detected according to time reference information provided by a local clock and time stamp module;
the measurement data buffer module is connected with the measurement sequence sending module and the receiving module and is used for buffering the recording parameters of the sending end provided by the measurement sequence sending module and the recording parameters of the receiving end provided by the receiving module; and sends the parameter information to the measurement console via the console interaction module.
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