CN113851686A - Hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation and control - Google Patents

Hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation and control Download PDF

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CN113851686A
CN113851686A CN202111446452.9A CN202111446452A CN113851686A CN 113851686 A CN113851686 A CN 113851686A CN 202111446452 A CN202111446452 A CN 202111446452A CN 113851686 A CN113851686 A CN 113851686A
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fuel cell
hydrogen fuel
solenoid
cell stack
magnetic field
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CN113851686B (en
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韩小涛
丰胜
谌祺
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
    • H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation, which comprises: the solenoid is connected with an external adjustable current source and used for generating two electromagnetic field areas with opposite magnetic field gradient directions in the solenoid under the action of current provided by the current source; the hydrogen fuel cell stack is movably adjusted and placed in the solenoid; according to the placing direction of the cathode and the anode in the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the region of the stack in the solenoid during operation is adjusted, and the strength and the gradient direction of the magnetic field generated in different regions in the solenoid are controlled by using an external adjustable current source, so that the output power of the stack is regulated. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is arranged in the solenoid, and the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack can be simply, conveniently and effectively regulated and controlled by utilizing an electromagnetic field generated in the solenoid; and the original components of the hydrogen fuel cell do not need to be modified, the original physicochemical environment in the fuel cell is not influenced, the implementation cost is low, and the safety is high.

Description

Hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation and control
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell stacks and operation control thereof, and particularly relates to a hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation.
Background
As a novel high-power-density and environment-friendly energy source, the hydrogen fuel cell has a wide application prospect in the fields of new energy automobiles and the like, and the improvement of the power output capacity and the operation stability of the fuel cell is an important premise for popularization and application. Specifically, the hydrogen fuel cell directly converts chemical energy contained in hydrogen gas at an anode and oxygen gas at a cathode into electric energy through a catalytic reaction in a catalytic layer. In the reaction process, the output power of the battery is directly influenced by the diffusion action of gas in a porous layer in the battery, and the diffusion quantity of the gas entering a catalytic layer in unit time is increased by adopting a mode of controlling the gas flow rate, increasing the gas supply side pressure or applying exhaust side back pressure.
However, the method for enhancing the gas diffusion effect by controlling the gas flow rate and the pressure belongs to passive regulation, and utilizes the physical law that the gas in the battery always tends to flow to a low-pressure area, so that the directional movement process of the gas from the porous diffusion layer to the catalytic layer is less influenced. In fact, hydrogen and oxygen belong to magnetic gases, directional movement can be generated under the action of magnetic force under the magnetic field, and the active control of the gas movement inside the battery through the magnetic characteristics can more effectively realize the real-time regulation and control of the output power of the battery.
Patent CN108899561A discloses a method for increasing the oxygen concentration of the cathode of an air self-breathing fuel cell by using a magnetic porous medium structure, which is specifically characterized in that the cathode gas channel of the fuel cell is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets and a porous structure; the combination of the magnet and the porous structure made of ferromagnetic material forms a high gradient magnetic field in the cathode gas channel, and the significant effect of Kelvin force on paramagnetic oxygen and diamagnetic water is utilized to achieve the purposes of increasing the cathode oxygen concentration and discharging the cathode generated water. But the reconstruction is carried out by re-arranging the cathode gas channel, the operation is complex and the manufacturing cost is high. In addition, metal particles generated by corrosion and peeling of the permanent magnet and the ferromagnetic material forming the cathode gas flow passage in the operation process of the fuel cell can also pollute the internal environment of the cell, and have adverse effects on the output performance of the cell.
Patent CN112397737A discloses a platinum-based magnetic field controlled fuel cell stack device and a manufacturing method thereof, which specifically includes the following steps, S1: preparing platinum-based magnetic multi-element nano particles and corresponding catalysts; s2: preparing a single fuel cell based on a platinum-based magnetic multi-element nanoparticle catalyst; s3: and (4) forming a stack by using a plurality of single cells prepared in S2, and respectively installing direct current electromagnets with adjustable magnetic field intensity at two ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The external magnetic fields with different strengths generated by the electromagnets are utilized to realize the improvement of the performance of the catalyst containing magnetic particles in the fuel cell, and the output power of the fuel cell is effectively improved. However, the process for preparing the platinum-based magnetic multi-element nano-particles and the catalyst in the method is complicated and has high cost, and the complex chemical components of the magnetic catalyst have the risk of causing secondary pollution to the internal environment of the cell in the operation process, thereby damaging the operation stability of the hydrogen fuel cell. The strength of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet is seriously attenuated along with the increase of the distance; when applied to a fuel cell stack having a large number of stacked unit cells, a higher current needs to be supplied to the electromagnet to achieve a better catalytic action, and the power consumption is greatly increased.
Therefore, how to solve the problems that the internal environment of the cell is polluted and the economy is poor due to the fact that the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is regulated and controlled through the magnetic field is the urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic field regulation-based hydrogen fuel cell stack device, which can simply, conveniently and effectively regulate the output power of the fuel cell stack without changing the structure of the original stack components and polluting the internal environment of the original cell, from the aspects of economy and applicability.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation, comprising:
the solenoid is connected with an external adjustable current source and is used for generating two electromagnetic field areas with opposite magnetic field gradient directions in the solenoid under the action of current provided by the current source;
the hydrogen fuel cell stack is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of single hydrogen fuel cells in series and horizontally stacking, and can be movably regulated and placed in the solenoid; adjusting the area of the hydrogen fuel cell stack in the solenoid during operation according to the placement direction of the cathode and the anode in the solenoid, and controlling the strength and gradient direction of the magnetic field generated in different areas inside the solenoid by using the external adjustable current source to realize the regulation and control of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
According to the hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation, the hydrogen fuel cell stack is arranged in the solenoid, and the solenoid provides magnetic field conditions with specific strength and gradient for the hydrogen fuel cell stack by regulating the external adjustable current source, so that the concentration of hydrogen and oxygen in a stack reaction area and the discharge rate of liquid water generated by a stack cathode are controlled, and the regulation of the output power of the fuel cell stack can be simply, conveniently and effectively realized; the direct action objects of the external magnetic field generated by the solenoid provided by the invention are hydrogen and oxygen which participate in the reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell, the original components of the hydrogen fuel cell do not need to be modified, the original physicochemical environment in the fuel cell is not influenced, the implementation cost can be effectively reduced, and the safety of the fuel cell is improved; meanwhile, the magnetic field intensity generated by the solenoid is wide in the internal magnetic field distribution area and the spatial magnetic field intensity attenuation is reduced, compared with other electromagnets, the output performance of the electric pile with different single battery stacking numbers can be stably improved under the condition that the current input of the solenoid is not improved, the requirement on the input power supply of the device is reduced, and the operation cost of the device is reduced.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell stack is adjusted in the area of the solenoid, and the geometric center of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is always kept to be coincident with the inner axis of the solenoid.
In one embodiment, the axial length of the solenoid is at least three times of the length of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the coil inner diameter of the solenoid is 1.5-2 times of the diagonal length of the end plate of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the enameled copper wire used for winding the solenoid is greater than or equal to 2mm2。
In one embodiment, the solenoid is a cylindrical solenoid, and the hydrogen fuel cell stack is movably adjusted and placed in the solenoid by a moving assembly.
In one embodiment, the moving assembly comprises a support plate fixedly mounted on the support assembly through the interior of the cylindrical solenoid, and a sliding plate having a rectangular groove formed in a middle portion thereof, the sliding plate being slidably mounted on the support plate through the rectangular groove, and the hydrogen fuel cell stack being detachably mounted on the sliding plate through a detachable assembly.
In one embodiment, a T-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the sliding plate, L-shaped baffles are arranged at two ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, U-shaped grooves are formed in one side plate of each of the two groups of L-shaped baffles, and two groups of hexagonal screws correspondingly penetrate through the U-shaped grooves of the two groups of L-shaped baffles to fix the L-shaped baffles in the T-shaped groove in the middle of the sliding plate.
In one embodiment, the reserved thickness above the notch of the T-shaped groove is matched with the thread pitch of the hexagon screw.
In one embodiment, the supporting assembly comprises a base, supporting columns are fixedly arranged at two ends of the base, and the supporting plate penetrates through the inside of the cylindrical solenoid and is fixedly arranged on the two groups of the supporting columns.
In one embodiment, the base is provided with a non-through groove, and the cylindrical solenoid is axially and horizontally placed in the non-through groove on the base.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation in one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the solenoid in the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and solenoids in a second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a pallet according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the sliding plate in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped baffle according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is an elevational cross-sectional view of a magnetic field regulation based hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a portion of the components of the magnetic field regulation based hydrogen fuel cell stack arrangement of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a side sectional view of the hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation in fig. 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to solve the problems of environmental pollution inside a battery and poor economy caused by the traditional regulation and control of the output power of a hydrogen fuel cell stack through a magnetic field, the invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on the regulation and control of the magnetic field.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen fuel cell stack device includes a solenoid 10 and a hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is formed by stacking a plurality of single hydrogen fuel cells in series and horizontally in sequence, and is movably adjusted and placed in the solenoid 10.
And the solenoid 10 is connected with an external adjustable current source, and is powered by the external adjustable current source, so that an electromagnetic field with adjustable direction and size is generated inside the solenoid. Specifically, the magnitude of the supply current of the external adjustable current source can be 0-10A, so that the magnitude of the electromagnetic field generated in the solenoid 10 is 0-50 mT.
Since the electromagnetic field generated by the solenoid 10 is used to regulate the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 in the present embodiment, the axial length of the solenoid 10 provided in the present embodiment is necessarily limited, and the solenoid 10 with limited length generates two electromagnetic field regions with magnetic field gradients in opposite directions in its inner space under the condition of the current provided by the current source. According to the placing direction of the cathode and the anode in the solenoid 10 in the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, the area of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 in the solenoid 10 during operation is adjusted, the strength and the gradient direction of the magnetic field generated in different areas in the solenoid 10 are controlled by using an external adjustable current source, the stress direction in the diffusion process of hydrogen and oxygen in the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 can be controlled, and the purpose of improving or reducing the output power of the stack is achieved.
It should be noted that the placement direction of the cathode and anode of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 in the solenoid 10 determines the direction of the reactant gases (hydrogen and oxygen) entering the stack, and when the direction of the hydrogen and oxygen entering the stack is opposite to the direction of the electromagnetic field force applied inside the solenoid 10, the output power of the stack can be increased, otherwise, the output power of the stack can be reduced. To more clearly illustrate the effect of the placement direction of the cathode and anode of the stack on the output power of the stack, the following description is made in conjunction with the operation principle of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20:
the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is a battery powered by using the principle of hydrogen ionization, and the specific operating principle is as follows: hydrogen gas starts from an anode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell, two electrons in hydrogen molecules are separated out under the action of a catalyst in a polymer electrolyte membrane, and hydrogen ions losing electrons pass through a proton exchange membrane to reach a cathode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell. The electrons cannot pass through the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons reach a cathode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell through an external circuit, so that current is generated in the circuit. After reaching the cathode plate, the electrons recombine with hydrogen ions and oxygen atoms in the air to form water. Since the oxygen supplied to the cathode plate can be obtained from the air, the output power can be continuously improved as long as the hydrogen is continuously supplied to the anode plate, the air is supplied to the cathode plate, and the water is timely taken away.
In the present embodiment, since oxygen is a paramagnetic substance, when the air supplied to the cathode enters the internal space of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 in the gradient magnetic field, the oxygen molecules therein are acted by the magnetic field gradient force in the solenoid 10, and the direction of the force is the direction of increasing magnetic field gradient. The expression for the force subjected to a gradient magnetic field is:
Figure 790615DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein, mu0A value of 4 π × 10 for the vacuum permeability-7H/m; chi is volume magnetic susceptibility, oxygen volume magnetic susceptibilityO2＝1.91×10-6 m3Per kg; b (T) is the magnetic field strength; ∇ B (T/m) is the magnetic field gradient.
The water is a diamagnetic substance, and under the action of an electromagnetic field in the solenoid 10, the water generated by the cathode reaction of the galvanic pile is subjected to a magnetic field gradient force pointing to the decreasing direction of the magnetic field gradient.
The hydrogen belongs to a diamagnetic gas, and under the action of an electromagnetic field in the solenoid coil 10, the hydrogen supplied to the anode moves towards the direction of reducing the magnetic field gradient, so that for each single cell forming the stack, the supplied hydrogen and the oxygen in the air move towards or away from each other under the action of different electromagnetic field areas in the solenoid coil 10, and the diffusion process of the two reaction gases into the reaction area of the fuel cell stack 20 is accelerated or slowed at the same time, which means that the rate of the chemical reaction output performance is regulated and controlled by the magnetic field condition.
The following description will be made with reference to the following embodiments to illustrate the principles of controlling the output power of the stack:
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is placed in the left half space inside the coil of a solenoid 10, and if the anode of each single hydrogen fuel cell in the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is placed to the left and the cathode is placed to the right at this time, so that hydrogen supplied to the anode enters the stack from the left side of the solenoid 10 and air supplied to the cathode enters the stack from the right side of the solenoid 10; the method comprises the steps of providing 0-10A of current for a solenoid 10 by controlling an external current source, enabling the magnetic field direction of the internal area of the solenoid 10 to be from left to right, obtaining that the magnetic field gradient of the space of the left half area inside the solenoid 10 is constantly positive (dB/dx is greater than 0) from left to right through simulation analysis, enabling hydrogen supplied to an anode to be subjected to a leftward acting force, enabling oxygen supplied to a cathode to be subjected to a rightward acting force, enabling the force directions of the two reactant gases to be the same as the entering directions of the two reactant gases, being unfavorable for the two reactant gases to enter a reaction area of a hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, enabling water generated by cathode reaction of the stack to be subjected to the leftward acting force, and enabling water generated by cathode reaction to be unfavorable for being discharged due to the fact that a water outlet of the stack is arranged at the end of the cathode, and accordingly enabling the output power of the stack to be reduced.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram in a second embodiment provided by the present invention, compared to the above-mentioned embodiment, a hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is placed in the right half space inside the coil of the solenoid 10, and through simulation analysis, it can be obtained that the magnetic field gradient in the right half space inside the coil of the solenoid 10 is constantly negative from left to right (dB/dx < 0), the hydrogen supplied to the anode is acted by the right force, and the oxygen supplied to the cathode is acted by the left force, so that the two reactant gases are acted by the opposite direction to the entering direction, and the two gases are more favorable to enter the reaction region of the fuel cell stack; meanwhile, water generated by the cathode reaction of the galvanic pile is subjected to rightward acting force, so that the water is beneficial to being discharged in time, the mass transfer process of oxygen in the cathodic of the galvanic pile is further promoted, and the output power of the galvanic pile is improved.
It should be noted that the two embodiments provided above are based on a premise that the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current in the solenoid 10 in the internal space thereof is from left to right, and if the direction of the magnetic field generated in the solenoid 10 is from right to left (related to the positive and negative poles connected to the current source), the result of the regulation and control of the output power of the stack is opposite. Therefore, how to regulate the output power of the stack can be seen by combining the magnetic field gradient and direction generated in the solenoid 10 and the placement direction of the cathode and anode of the stack in the solenoid 10 to regulate the area of the stack in the solenoid 10, the principle of which can be seen in the above two embodiments, and the present embodiment does not describe all the cases one by one.
Table 1 shows the change in output power density of the hydrogen fuel cell stack controlled by the magnetic field compared to the output power density controlled without the magnetic field. The constant output voltage of the pile is kept at 5V by controlling the direct current led into the coil of the solenoid 10 to be 6A, and the output power density of the pile under the voltage condition is measured as the following table:
TABLE 1 Regulation of the output Power of the pile by the magnetic fields of different regions
Examples Power density (mW/cm 2) Rate of change of power
First embodiment 412 ﹣9.4%
Second embodiment 498 13.2%
As shown in Table 1, the output power of the cell stack in the non-magnetic field regulation state is compared with that of the cell stack in the non-magnetic field regulation state (440 mW/cm)2) After the magnetic field regulation is turned on, the power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 in the first embodiment is reduced by approximately 10%, while the power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 in the second embodiment is increased by 13.2%. It is shown that the hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation provided by the embodiment can realize effective regulation of the stack output power by changing the position of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 inside the solenoid coil 10.
Therefore, the hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation and control, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is placed inside the solenoid 10, the current passing through the coil of the solenoid 10 is controlled, the solenoid 10 coil generates an electromagnetic field with adjustable direction and size, and magnetic field gradient force in a certain direction is applied to gas and liquid water in the stack, so that the concentration of hydrogen and oxygen in a stack reaction area and the discharge rate of the liquid water generated by a stack cathode are controlled, and the regulation and control of the output performance of multiple stacks can be simply, conveniently and effectively realized.
(2) The direct action objects of the external magnetic field generated by the solenoid 10 provided by the embodiment are hydrogen and oxygen which participate in the reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the original components of the hydrogen fuel cell do not need to be modified, so that the original physicochemical environment in the fuel cell is not influenced, the implementation cost can be effectively reduced, and the safety of the fuel cell can be improved.
(3) The magnetic field intensity generated by the solenoid 10 provided by the embodiment is wide in the internal magnetic field distribution region and small in spatial magnetic field intensity attenuation, and compared with other electromagnets, under the condition that the current input of the solenoid 10 is not improved, the output performance of the electric piles with different single battery stacking numbers can be stably improved, the requirement on the input power supply of the device is reduced, and the operation cost of the device is reduced.
In one embodiment, the geometric center of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is always maintained coincident with the internal axis of the solenoid 10 when the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is adjusted to operate in the region where the solenoid 10 is located. On the premise of ensuring that the galvanic pile can be placed in the internal space of the solenoid 10, the internal diameter of the solenoid 10 is reduced as much as possible, so that the magnetic field intensity and gradient generated in the solenoid 10 under the same condition are higher, and the output power of the galvanic pile is better regulated and controlled.
In order to better realize the regulation and control of the stack output power, the axial length of the solenoid 10 can be set to be at least three times of the length of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, and the coil inner diameter of the solenoid 10 is set to be 1.5-2 times of the diagonal length of the end plate of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20.
The axial length of the solenoid 10 is at least three times of the length of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, so that the stack can be ensured to be under the action of a stronger magnetic field in the left side or right side space inside the solenoid 10, and the problem that the output power of the stack is not favorably regulated because the magnetic field force received by the stack is smaller due to the fact that the stack is too close to the center or the end of the solenoid 10 is solved. The coil inner diameter of the left and right side solenoid 10 is set to be 1.5-2 times of the diagonal length of the end plate of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, so that the inner diameter of the solenoid 10 can be reduced as much as possible on the premise that the stack can be placed in the solenoid 10, the magnetic field intensity and gradient generated in the solenoid 10 under the same condition are higher, and the output power of the stack can be better regulated and controlled.
In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the enameled copper wire used to wind solenoid 10 is not less than 2mm2The overall resistance and heat generation of the solenoid 10 can be effectively reduced.
In one embodiment, the solenoid 10 provided above may be a cylindrical solenoid 12, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 may be movably accommodated in the cylindrical solenoid 12 by a moving assembly, the moving assembly may be a support plate 310 and a sliding plate 320, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the support plate 310 is fixedly mounted on the support assembly through the inside of the cylindrical solenoid 20, the middle portion of the support plate 310 is provided with a rectangular groove 312, the sliding plate 320 is slidably mounted on the support plate 310 through the rectangular groove 312, and the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is detachably mounted on the sliding plate 320 through a detachable assembly.
The specific structural form of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 detachably disposed on the sliding plate 320 via the detachable assembly may be: as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a T-shaped groove 322 is formed in the middle of the sliding plate 320, L-shaped baffles 510 are disposed at both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, U-shaped grooves are formed in one side plate of each of the two sets of L-shaped baffles 510, and the two sets of hex screws are correspondingly inserted through the U-shaped grooves of the two sets of L-shaped baffles 510 to fix the L-shaped baffles 510 in the T-shaped groove 322 in the middle of the sliding plate 320. To facilitate the fixing of the L-shaped baffle 510 to the sliding plate 320, the sliding plate 320 may be positioned above the slot of the T-shaped slot 322 with a thickness corresponding to the pitch of the threads of the hex screw 520. Specifically, the above-mentioned moving assembly and detachable assembly may be provided in other structural forms, and only the combination of the two assemblies is required to facilitate sliding the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 out of the inner space of the cylindrical solenoid 12, so as to complete the mounting and detaching operations of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, and the specific structural form of the present embodiment is not limited.
The supporting component may specifically be a base, two ends of the base are both fixedly provided with supporting columns, and the supporting plate 310 penetrates through the inside of the cylindrical solenoid 12 and is fixedly installed on the two groups of supporting columns. To prevent the cylindrical solenoid 12 from rolling on the base, a non-through groove may be provided on the base, the cylindrical solenoid 12 being axially horizontally placed in the non-through groove on the base. Specifically, the support member may also take other structural forms as long as the support member can fix the supporting plate 310 and support the cylindrical solenoid 12 without rolling, and the present embodiment is not limited to the specific structural form.
To more clearly illustrate the present solution, the following describes a specific structural form of the hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation according to the present invention with reference to specific embodiments:
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the hydrogen fuel cell stack device includes a base 410, a cylindrical solenoid 12 is axially and horizontally disposed on a non-through groove 412 on the base 410, support columns 420 are disposed at both ends of the base 410, a support plate 310 is connected to the support columns 420, a sliding plate 320 is stacked on the support plate 310, a rectangular groove 312 is formed in the middle of the support plate 310, and the width of the rectangular groove 312 is slightly greater than the width of the sliding plate 320, so as to ensure that the sliding plate 320 can linearly slide in the horizontal direction without deviation in other directions.
The sliding plate 320 is placed with the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 is formed by stacking a plurality of single hydrogen fuel cells in series in order, and the two ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 are respectively provided with an L-shaped baffle 510 for fixing the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20, and the L-shaped baffle 510 is fixed in the T-shaped groove 322 of the sliding plate 320 by using a hexagon screw 520 to prevent the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 from sliding horizontally. The cylindrical solenoid 12 is placed on the base 410 and the sunken configuration of the non-through recess 412 in the base 410 ensures that the cylindrical solenoid 12 does not roll during operation. The cylindrical solenoid 12 is operated by applying a dc current from an external current source to generate an electromagnetic field of a certain intensity.
Fig. 8 is a top view of a portion of the assembly of the magnetic field regulation-based hydrogen fuel cell stack apparatus provided in fig. 7, which does not include the base 410, the support column 420, and the cylindrical solenoid 12. The horizontal length of the rectangular groove 312 on the support plate 310 is greater than the entire length of the sliding plate 320, and the T-shaped groove 322 on the sliding plate 320 is horizontally and completely penetrated, which both facilitate sliding the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20 out of the inner space of the cylindrical solenoid 12, and facilitate the installation and removal of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 20. The hexagonal screw 520 can fix the L-shaped baffle 510 at any position in the T-shaped groove 322 in the middle of the sliding plate 320, and the fixing position of the hexagonal screw 520 can be adjusted according to the actual size of the fuel cell stack 20, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a side sectional view of the magnetic field regulation-based hydrogen fuel cell stack device provided in fig. 7, in which a non-through groove 412 is formed in a base 410 for supporting a cylindrical solenoid 12 without rolling. The thickness of the sliding plate 320 above the slot opening of the T-shaped slot 322 is set to be equal to the thread pitch of the hexagon screw 520, so that the L-shaped baffle 510 can be easily fixed to the sliding plate 320.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation, comprising:
the solenoid is connected with an external adjustable current source and is used for generating two electromagnetic field areas with opposite magnetic field gradient directions in the solenoid under the action of current provided by the current source;
the hydrogen fuel cell stack is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of single hydrogen fuel cells in series and horizontally stacking, and can be movably regulated and placed in the solenoid; adjusting the area of the hydrogen fuel cell stack in the solenoid during operation according to the placement direction of the cathode and the anode in the solenoid, and controlling the strength and gradient direction of the magnetic field generated in different areas inside the solenoid by using the external adjustable current source to realize the regulation and control of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
2. A hydrogen fuel cell stack arrangement based on magnetic field regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the geometric center of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is always kept coincident with the internal axis of the solenoid when the hydrogen fuel cell stack is adjusted in the region of the solenoid.
3. The magnetic field regulation-based hydrogen fuel cell stack device according to claim 2, wherein the axial length of the solenoid is at least three times the length of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the coil inner diameter of the solenoid is 1.5 to 2 times the diagonal length of the end plate of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
4. A hydrogen fuel cell stack arrangement based on magnetic field regulation according to claim 1, characterized in thatThe cross-sectional area of the enameled copper wire used for winding the solenoid is greater than or equal to 2mm2。
5. A hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the solenoid is cylindrical solenoid, and the hydrogen fuel cell stack is movably adjusted and placed in the solenoid by a moving component.
6. The magnetic field regulation-based hydrogen fuel cell stack device according to claim 5, wherein the moving member comprises a support plate fixedly mounted on the support member through the inside of the cylindrical solenoid, and a sliding plate having a rectangular groove at a middle portion thereof, the sliding plate being slidably mounted on the support plate through the rectangular groove, the hydrogen fuel cell stack being detachably mounted on the sliding plate through a detachable member.
7. The hydrogen fuel cell stack device based on magnetic field regulation and control of claim 6, wherein a T-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the sliding plate, L-shaped baffles are arranged at two ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, U-shaped grooves are formed in one side plate of each of the two sets of L-shaped baffles, and two sets of hexagonal screws correspondingly penetrate through the U-shaped grooves of the two sets of L-shaped baffles to fix the L-shaped baffles in the T-shaped groove in the middle of the sliding plate.
8. The magnetic field regulation-based hydrogen fuel cell stack device according to claim 7, wherein the thickness reserved above the notch of the T-shaped groove is adapted to the thread pitch of the hexagon screw.
9. The magnetic field regulation-based hydrogen fuel cell stack device according to claim 6, wherein the support assembly comprises a base, support columns are fixedly arranged at both ends of the base, and the supporting plate penetrates through the cylindrical solenoid to be fixedly arranged on the two groups of support columns.
10. A hydrogen fuel cell stack arrangement based on magnetic field regulation according to claim 9, characterized in that the base is provided with a non-through groove, and the cylindrical solenoid is axially and horizontally placed in the non-through groove on the base.
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