CN113849924B - Steel structure welding residual stress and deformation method and system based on ABAQUS - Google Patents

Steel structure welding residual stress and deformation method and system based on ABAQUS Download PDF

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CN113849924B
CN113849924B CN202110952641.7A CN202110952641A CN113849924B CN 113849924 B CN113849924 B CN 113849924B CN 202110952641 A CN202110952641 A CN 202110952641A CN 113849924 B CN113849924 B CN 113849924B
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welding
steel structure
abaqus
value
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CN113849924A (en
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韩蕊
杨松
王强
邹建磊
杨玲玲
王沁怡
郭诗辰
王静文
薛亚娟
张克要
耿会亮
张崧
李雪齐
董瑞
杨雪亮
梁猛
冉越旺
侯春雷
孙浩天
马辉
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Beijing Machinery Construction Group Co ltd
Beijing Construction Engineering Group Co Ltd
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Beijing Machinery Construction Group Co ltd
Beijing Construction Engineering Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS, which are used for collecting a welding part and welding parameters of the steel structure and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part; determining the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a life and death unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the life and death unit sequence, and predicting the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure; based on the predicted steel structure welding residual stress value and the deformation value, the steel structure welding part and the welding parameters are adjusted, so that a designer can preview the welding stress of the steel structure and make adjustment, and structural fracture is avoided.

Description

Steel structure welding residual stress and deformation method and system based on ABAQUS
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of steel structure welding, in particular to a method and a system for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS.
Background
Welding deformation and residual stress based on finite element technology are always problems which are urgently solved in engineering, are the hot research direction and difficulty in the current finite element calculation research, are realized by carrying out secondary development aiming at the welding deformation and residual stress calculation based on the current commercial general software post-processing mode, and the technical core of the method is that the data processing speed and the solving efficiency are greatly limited for finite element results. Therefore, the existing fatigue life prediction method has many limitations and can be only used as qualitative calculation research.
Therefore, the invention provides a method and a system for controlling the welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS software, which are used for modeling the steel structure, simulating the welding process and improving welding parameters based on the simulation result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS, which are used for simulating the welding residual stress and deformation of the steel structure and improving welding parameters according to a simulation result.
The invention provides a method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting a steel structure welding part and welding parameters, and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part;
step 2, determining the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a live and dead unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the live and dead unit sequence, and predicting the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure;
and 3, adjusting the steel structure welding part and the welding parameters based on the predicted steel structure welding residual stress value and deformation value.
In one possible implementation, the step 1 of collecting the steel structure welding component and the welding parameters, and generating the sub-welding unit based on the welding component comprises:
scanning a steel structure welding drawing to obtain an engineering dot matrix diagram, carrying out color detection on each sub-dot matrix in the engineering dot matrix diagram to obtain an RGB component in each sub-dot matrix, and carrying out graying on the RGB components of the sub-dot matrixes based on preset weight to obtain a gray level image of the engineering dot matrix diagram;
selecting two windows, taking a larger window as a search window, performing traversal search on the gray level image of the engineering dot matrix map to obtain a plurality of sub search images, taking a smaller window as a field window, traversing the edges of the sub search images, calculating index values of eight-neighborhood dot matrixes of the sub traversal dot matrixes, contrasting a preset index table, judging whether the sub traversal dot matrixes need to be reserved or not so as to obtain a sub effective dot matrix set, obtaining a gray level mean value of the dot matrixes in the sub effective dot matrix set through calculation, and assigning values to a central dot matrix of the sub search images based on the gray level mean value to obtain a second gray level image;
performing horizontal line detection on each sub-pixel in the second gray image to obtain a horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, generating a sub-field line of the sub-pixel based on the horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, taking a region where the sub-pixel with the sub-field line direction within a preset angle and adjacent to the sub-pixel is located as a sub-line supporting region, taking an inertia axis of the sub-line supporting region as a main axis direction to generate a sub-rectangular region with a preset area, taking the sub-pixel with the pixel angle of the horizontal line of the sub-pixel in the sub-rectangular region corresponding to the angle of the rectangle reaching a preset tolerance as an alignment point, counting the total number of the sub-pixels in the sub-rectangular region and the total number of the alignment points, and marking the sub-line supporting region as a line segment when the ratio of the total number of the alignment points to the total number of the sub-pixels is within a preset range, thereby obtaining a plurality of sub-line segments;
performing connectivity detection on the second gray scale image based on a preset connectivity detection algorithm to obtain a connected region in the second gray scale image, performing association detection on the connected region and sub-line segments based on a preset threshold algorithm, and marking the sub-line segments with the association greater than the preset value to obtain characters in the engineering drawing;
detecting gaps in a character area to obtain gaps in the character area, segmenting the character based on the gaps to obtain a sub-single character image, globally analyzing the sub-single character based on a preset recognition algorithm to obtain first feature points of the character image, locally analyzing the character image based on the first feature points, extracting lines of the character, and obtaining second feature points of the lines;
selecting a region with a second characteristic point in the local region as a key region, inputting the second characteristic point of the key region into a stability discrimination model, determining a characteristic stability value of the key region, and identifying a sub-single character based on the characteristic stability value to obtain the character meaning in the engineering drawing.
In one possible implementation, in step 1, acquiring a steel structure welding part and welding parameters, and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part includes:
in a gray level image of an engineering dot matrix image, establishing a detection window by taking each sub-dot matrix as a center to obtain a plurality of sub-detection windows, moving the sub-detection windows along a random direction, recording sub-variation of gray values in the sub-detection windows, marking the sub-dot matrix corresponding to the sub-detection windows as sub-corner points if the sub-variation is greater than a preset value, and carrying out diagonalization on the sub-variation based on a preset algorithm to obtain a structure tensor of the sub-dot matrix, analyzing the sub-dot matrix based on a preset corner point response function to obtain a response value of the sub-corner points, and judging the type of the sub-corner points based on the response value of the sub-corner points to obtain the type of each sub-corner point;
carrying out edge detection on a gray level image of the engineering dot map to obtain an edge image, transforming the edge image, mapping the edge image into a corresponding transformation space to obtain a first detection map, and counting the number of local line intersections in the first detection map to obtain the number of intersections and intersection coordinates;
classifying the types of the sub-corner points, the number of the intersection points and the coordinates of the intersection points based on the character meaning in the engineering drawing to obtain a plurality of sub-component information, and generating a plurality of sub-welding units based on the plurality of sub-component information.
In a possible implementation manner, step 2, determining a welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a life and death unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the life and death unit sequence, and predicting a welding residual stress value and a deformation value of the steel structure, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out model construction in ABAQUS software based on sub-welding units to obtain a plurality of sub-model blocks, randomly generating orientation parameters of each sub-model block based on the number of the sub-model blocks to obtain a random orientation file, reading the random orientation file of the sub-model blocks through a script program of ABAQUS, generating an ABAQUS representative unit model with a uniform structure, and using the ABAQUS representative unit model as a welding model of a sub-steel structure;
manually setting the orientation files of the sub-model blocks in the ABAQUS based on welding parameters, adding the welding parameters to the sub-model blocks to obtain a plurality of sub-living and dead sub-steel structure units, performing summation on the plurality of sub-model blocks of the sub-living and dead sub-steel structure units, deleting redundant lines inside, and forming an ABAQUS sub-unit model of the sub-steel structure welding unit after multiple times of comparison and correction so as to obtain an ABAQUS model of a steel structure;
the method comprises the steps of carrying out simulation calculation on an ABAQUS model by using an ABAQUS script program to obtain a heat source model for welding a steel structure, simulating the shaping deformation of the steel structure based on the heat source model to obtain a sub-prediction deformation value of a steel structure sub-unit model, carrying out stress analysis on the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the sub-prediction deformation value of the steel structure, and obtaining a prediction sub-residual stress value of each part of the steel structure.
In one possible implementation, step 3, adjusting the steel structure welded component and the welding parameters based on the predicted steel structure welding residual stress value and deformation value includes:
judging whether the sub-prediction deformation values of all parts of the steel structure are in a first preset range, if so, judging whether the sub-prediction deformation values are in a second preset range, if not, adjusting welding parameters of the steel structure welding part and the welding parameters, if not, adjusting the welding parameters, and rebuilding and simulating the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the adjusted welding parameters until the sub-prediction deformation values reach the second preset range, and storing the adjusted welding parameters;
and if the sub-prediction deformation value is not in the first preset range, adjusting the welding part, reconstructing and simulating the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the adjusted welding part until the sub-prediction deformation value reaches the first preset range, and storing the adjusted welding part.
In one possible implementation, the welding parameters include: welding sequence, welding current, welding voltage, welding speed, the number of multi-layer and multi-pass welding, ambient temperature, cooling speed and material coefficient.
In a possible implementation manner, step 2, determining a welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a life and death unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the life and death unit sequence, and predicting a welding residual stress value and a deformation value of the steel structure, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and applying temperature load to the ABAQUS subunit model by adopting an internal heat rate heat source model, and activating the units in the steel structure ABAQUS model one by using a living and dead unit method to simulate the welding process in the construction process.
In one possible implementation, step 3, adjusting the steel structural welding component and the welding parameters based on the predicted steel structural welding residual stress value and the deformation value includes:
and extracting and storing the adjusted welding parameters and the adjusted welding parts to obtain changed data, evaluating the changed data based on preset evaluation indexes, exporting the evaluation result in a text form to obtain an evaluation text, importing the adjusted welding parameters, the adjusted welding parts and the evaluation text into a preset template to obtain an evaluation report.
In a possible implementation manner, step 2, determining the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters, so as to obtain a life and death unit sequence, simulating welding in the ABAQUS software based on the life and death unit sequence, and predicting the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure, further comprising:
and analyzing the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the sub-prediction deformation value and a preset embedded self-defined steel structure subprogram VUMAT to obtain the orthogonal anisotropy of each subunit so as to obtain the prediction sub-residual stress value of the subunit.
A system for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS comprises;
the acquisition unit acquires the steel structure welding part and welding parameters and generates a sub-welding unit based on the welding part;
the prediction unit is used for determining the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a life and death unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the life and death unit sequence and predicting the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure;
and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the steel structure welding part and the welding parameters based on the predicted steel structure welding residual stress value and deformation value.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a steel structure welding residual stress and deformation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a table of reference welding parameters in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that they are presented herein only to illustrate and explain the present invention and not to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1, collecting a steel structure welding part and welding parameters, and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part;
step 2, determining the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a live and dead unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the live and dead unit sequence, and predicting the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure;
and 3, adjusting the welding parts of the steel structure and the welding parameters based on the predicted welding residual stress value and deformation value of the steel structure.
In this embodiment, the live-dead unit sequence is that in this embodiment, the sub-welding units are set, and the sub-welding units are activated one by one to simulate the welding process in the construction process.
In this embodiment, the welded parts are steel plates or steel pipes of different properties.
In this embodiment, the welding parameters include welding sequence, welding current, welding voltage, welding speed, number of multi-layer and multi-pass welding, ambient temperature, cooling speed, and material coefficient.
In the embodiment, if the predicted welding residual stress value and deformation value of the steel structure do not meet the construction requirements, the welding component and welding parameters of the steel structure are adjusted, and the residual stress value and deformation value are predicted again until the construction requirements are met.
In this embodiment, the residual stress value is a value that a steel structure is deformed at a high temperature during welding, and thus, after the welding is completed, residual stress is generated.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned design is: the method includes the steps of simulating steel structure welding, obtaining a residual stress value and a deformation value, adjusting steel structure welding parts and welding parameters based on the residual stress value and the deformation value, improving a welding process, making adjustment, enabling a steel structure to be safer and firmer, and avoiding structural fracture.
Example 2
Based on embodiment 1, the invention provides a method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS, as shown in FIG. 1, in step 1, collecting a steel structure welding part and welding parameters, and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part comprises:
scanning a steel structure welding drawing to obtain an engineering dot matrix diagram, carrying out color detection on each sub-dot matrix in the engineering dot matrix diagram to obtain RGB components in each sub-dot matrix, and carrying out graying on the RGB components of the sub-dot matrixes based on preset weight to obtain a gray level image of the engineering dot matrix diagram;
selecting two windows, taking a larger window as a search window, performing traversal search on a gray level image of an engineering dot matrix map to obtain a sub search image, taking a smaller window as a field window, traversing the edge of the sub search image, calculating index values of eight-neighborhood dot matrixes of the sub traversal dot matrixes, contrasting a preset index table, judging whether the sub traversal dot matrixes need to be reserved or not so as to obtain a sub effective dot matrix set, obtaining a gray level mean value of the dot matrixes in the sub effective dot matrix set through calculation, and assigning values to a central dot matrix of the sub search image based on the gray level mean value to obtain a second gray level image;
performing horizontal line detection on each sub-pixel in the second gray image to obtain a horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, generating a sub-field line of the sub-pixel based on the horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, taking a region where the sub-pixel with the sub-field line direction within a preset angle and adjacent to the sub-pixel is located as a sub-line supporting region, taking an inertia axis of the sub-line supporting region as a main axis direction to generate a sub-rectangular region with a preset area, taking the sub-pixel with the sub-pixel horizontal line angle corresponding to the rectangle angle reaching a preset tolerance in the sub-rectangular region as an alignment point, counting the total number of the sub-pixels and the total number of the alignment points in the sub-rectangular region, and marking the sub-line supporting region as a line segment when the ratio of the total number of the alignment points to the total number of the sub-pixels is within a preset range, thereby obtaining a plurality of sub-line segments;
performing connectivity detection on the second gray scale image based on a preset connectivity detection algorithm to obtain a connected region in the second gray scale image, performing association detection on the connected region and sub-line segments based on a preset threshold algorithm, and marking the sub-line segments with the association greater than the preset value to obtain characters in the engineering drawing;
carrying out gap detection on characters to obtain gaps of the characters, segmenting the characters based on the gaps to obtain a sub-single character image, carrying out global analysis on the sub-single characters based on a preset recognition algorithm to obtain first feature points of the character image, carrying out local analysis on the characters based on the first feature points, extracting lines of the characters, and obtaining second feature points of the lines;
selecting an area with a second characteristic point in the local area as a key area, inputting the second characteristic point of the key area into a stability discrimination model, determining a characteristic stability value of the key area, and identifying the sub-single character based on the characteristic stability value to obtain the character meaning in the engineering drawing.
In this embodiment, the sub traversal lattice is a sub lattice of the sub search image center position.
In this embodiment, the predetermined index table is a table formed by the index value and the ignorability of the index value.
In this embodiment, the inertia axis is the central axis of the sub-line support region.
In this embodiment, the sub-rectangular region of the predetermined area is divided into 2cm2、4cm2、8cm2。
In this embodiment, the sub-line segments are line segments in the engineering drawing, and the characters in the engineering drawing can be obtained by marking the sub-line segments.
In this embodiment, the engineering bitmap is an acquired RGB image, each sub-bitmap includes pixels, and each pixel has three components of red, yellow, and blue.
In this embodiment, the index value is a binary number group obtained by arranging the grayscale values of the eight neighborhoods clockwise.
In this embodiment, the horizontal line detection is to calculate the horizontal line angle of each pixel to generate a horizontal line field, i.e., a unit vector field, such that all vectors are tangent to the horizontal line passing through their bottoms, and then to divide them into pixel connection regions of the same horizontal line, which are called line support regions.
In this embodiment, the alignment point is a point in which the angle of the pixel of the horizontal line in the rectangle reaches a predetermined range corresponding to the angle of the rectangle.
In this embodiment, the preset connectivity detection algorithm is lsd algorithm.
In this embodiment, the preset recognition algorithm is a global analysis algorithm.
In this embodiment, the first feature point is a point where the pixel value of the pixel point is within a preset range;
in this embodiment, the second feature point is a first feature point located on the line segment;
the beneficial effect of above-mentioned design is: the characters in the engineering drawing are obtained by scanning the steel structure welding drawing and searching, detecting and identifying the steel structure welding drawing, and the characters are identified, so that the software can build a model according to the characters, the model building is not required to be carried out manually, and the efficiency of simulating the steel structure welding residual stress and deformation is greatly accelerated.
Example 3
Based on embodiment 1, the invention provides a method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS, as shown in FIG. 1, in step 1, collecting a steel structure welding part and welding parameters, and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part comprises:
in a gray level image of an engineering dot matrix image, establishing a detection window by taking each sub-dot matrix as a center to obtain a plurality of sub-detection windows, moving the sub-detection windows along a random direction, recording sub-variation of gray values in the sub-detection windows, marking the sub-dot matrix corresponding to the sub-detection windows as sub-corner points if the sub-variation is greater than a preset value, and carrying out diagonalization on the sub-variation based on a preset algorithm to obtain a structure tensor of the sub-dot matrix, analyzing the sub-dot matrix based on a preset corner point response function to obtain a response value of the sub-corner points, and judging the type of the sub-corner points based on the response value of the sub-corner points to obtain the type of each sub-corner point;
carrying out edge detection on a gray level image of the engineering dot matrix map to obtain an edge image, transforming the edge image, mapping the edge image into a corresponding transformation space to obtain a first detection map, and counting the number of local line intersection points in the first detection map to obtain the number of intersection points and intersection point coordinates;
classifying the types of the sub-corner points, the number of the intersection points and the coordinates of the intersection points based on the character meaning in the engineering drawing to obtain a plurality of sub-component information, and generating a plurality of sub-welding units based on the sub-component information.
In this embodiment, the preset algorithm is a diagonalization algorithm, that is, taylor expansion is performed on the sub-variation to obtain a structure tensor of the sub-lattice.
In this embodiment, the response value is a value obtained by substituting the structure tensor into the corner response function.
In this embodiment, the corner response function is the sum of the rank of the structure tensor and the trace of the structure tensor.
In this embodiment, the transform space is a Hough space.
In this embodiment, the local line intersection is a line intersection of the steel structure in the first detection map.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned design is: the method comprises the steps of detecting the types of the corners through a corner detection algorithm, detecting the edges of images through an edge detection algorithm to obtain the images in the engineering drawings, generating a plurality of sub-welding units by combining characters, directly scanning the engineering drawings to generate the sub-welding units, and simulating a complex structure without manual modeling, so that the time is saved.
Example 4
Based on embodiment 1, a method for controlling welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS software, as shown in FIG. 1, step 2, determining a welding sequence of sub-welding units based on welding parameters, thereby obtaining a life and dead unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the life and dead unit sequence, and predicting a welding residual stress value and a deformation value of the steel structure, includes:
carrying out model construction in ABAQUS software based on sub-welding units to obtain a plurality of sub-model blocks, randomly generating orientation parameters of each sub-model block based on the number of the sub-model blocks to obtain a random orientation file, reading the random orientation file of the sub-model blocks through a script program of ABAQUS, generating an ABAQUS representative unit model with a uniform structure, and using the ABAQUS representative unit model as a welding model of a sub-steel structure;
manually setting the orientation files of the sub-model blocks in the ABAQUS based on welding parameters, adding the welding parameters to the sub-model blocks to obtain a plurality of sub-living and dead sub-steel structure units, performing summation on the plurality of sub-model blocks of the sub-living and dead sub-steel structure units, deleting redundant lines inside, and forming an ABAQUS sub-unit model of the sub-steel structure welding unit after multiple times of comparison and correction so as to obtain an ABAQUS model of a steel structure;
and carrying out simulation calculation on the ABAQUS model by using an ABAQUS script program to obtain a heat source model for welding the steel structure, simulating the shaping deformation of the steel structure based on the heat source model to obtain a sub-prediction deformation value of a steel structure subunit model, and carrying out stress analysis on the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the sub-prediction deformation value of the steel structure to obtain a prediction sub-residual stress value of each component of the steel structure.
In this embodiment, the orientation parameter is the attribute of the sub-model block, including the material type and the welding parameter.
In this embodiment, the random orientation file is a file composed of orientation parameters of sub-model blocks.
In this embodiment, the heat source model is a thermal field model of the steel structure as a whole.
In this embodiment, the shaping deformation is the deformation of the steel structure under the condition of a thermal force field model.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned design is: through the heating power effect during the welding of simulation steel construction to obtain the type variable value of steel construction, and according to the type variable value and self gravity of steel construction, carry out the atress analysis, thereby obtain the residual stress of steel construction, through the welding of simulation steel construction, make the designer can be according to the simulation result, in time adjust welding design, avoid taking place the incident.
Example 5
Based on embodiment 1, a method for controlling welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS software, as shown in fig. 1, and step 3, based on a predicted welding residual stress value and deformation value of the steel structure, adjusts a welding part of the steel structure and welding parameters, and includes:
judging whether the sub-prediction deformation values of all parts of the steel structure are in a first preset range, if so, judging whether the sub-prediction deformation values are in a second preset range, if not, adjusting welding parameters of the steel structure welding part and the welding parameters, if not, adjusting the welding parameters, and rebuilding and simulating the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the adjusted welding parameters until the sub-prediction deformation values reach the second preset range, and storing the adjusted welding parameters;
and if the sub-prediction deformation value is not within the first preset range, adjusting the welding part, reconstructing and simulating the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the adjusted welding part until the sub-prediction deformation value reaches the first preset range, and storing the adjusted welding part.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned design is: by simulating the welding of the steel structure, a designer can adjust welding parameters in time according to a simulation result, and simulate the adjusted parameters again until the load construction requirement, so that the problems in design are corrected.
Example 6
Based on embodiment 1, a method for controlling welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS software is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the welding parameters include: welding sequence, welding current, welding voltage, welding speed, the number of multilayer and multi-pass welding, ambient temperature, cooling speed and material coefficient.
Example 7
Based on embodiment 1, a method for controlling welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS software, as shown in FIG. 1, step 2, determining a welding sequence of sub-welding units based on welding parameters, thereby obtaining a life and dead unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the life and dead unit sequence, and predicting a welding residual stress value and a deformation value of the steel structure, includes:
and applying temperature load to the ABAQUS subunit model by adopting an internal heat rate heat source model, and activating the units in the steel structure ABAQUS model one by using a living and dead unit method to simulate the welding process in the construction process.
In this embodiment, the internal heat generation rate heat source model is a standard model for simulating welding.
In this embodiment, the live-dead unit method is a method of activating sub-welding units one by one to simulate a welding process in a construction process.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned design is: the welding process in the construction process is simulated by activating the units in the steel structure ABAQUS model one by one, so that the problem of mutual influence among different units is avoided, and the objective fact of gradual welding in reality is met, so that the simulation result is more accurate.
Example 8
Based on embodiment 1, a method for controlling welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS software, as shown in fig. 1, step 3, based on a predicted welding residual stress value and deformation value of the steel structure, adjusts a welding component of the steel structure and welding parameters, and includes:
and extracting and storing the adjusted welding parameters and the adjusted welding parts to obtain changed data, evaluating the changed data based on preset evaluation indexes, exporting the evaluation result in a text form to obtain an evaluation text, importing the adjusted welding parameters, the adjusted welding parts and the evaluation text into a preset template to obtain an evaluation report.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned design is: by extracting and storing the adjusted welding parameters and the adjusted welding parts and evaluating the extracted and stored welding parameters and the adjusted welding parts, designers can visually obtain the advantages and the disadvantages of the adjusted welding parameters and the adjusted welding parts, and the design capability of the designers is improved.
Example 9
Based on embodiment 1, a method for controlling welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS software, as shown in fig. 1, includes step 2, determining a welding sequence of sub-welding units based on welding parameters, thereby obtaining a life and death unit sequence, simulating welding in the ABAQUS software based on the life and death unit sequence, and predicting a welding residual stress value and a deformation value of the steel structure, and further includes:
and analyzing the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the sub-prediction deformation value and a preset embedded self-defined steel structure subprogram VUMAT to obtain the orthogonal anisotropy of each subunit so as to obtain the prediction sub-residual stress value of the subunit.
Example 10
Based on embodiment 1, on the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a testing method for a battery management system BMS, further including:
welding temperature simulation is carried out to sub steel structure welding model based on sub steel structure welding model's welding parameter, obtains the total heat among the sub steel structure welding process to confirm the deformability of sub steel structure based on total heat, concrete working process includes:
determining the total heat in the welding process of the sub-steel structure based on the welding parameters of the welding model of the sub-steel structure:
Figure BDA0003219061250000131
wherein δ represents a total heat amount during welding of the sub steel structure; u represents welding voltage, and generally takes the value range of (180, 250) V; i represents welding current, and the general value range is (22, 25) A; lambda represents the total length of the weld joint, v represents the welding speed, and lambda represents the heat conduction coefficient, and the value is 0.8;
calculating the average temperature of the sub steel structure during welding based on the total heat in the welding process of the sub steel structure;
Figure BDA0003219061250000141
wherein η represents an average temperature at the time of welding the sub-steel structures; h isaThe heat exchange coefficient of the steel structure material and air is represented; t represents the weight of the substructure; c represents the surface area of the substructure; kappa represents the specific heat capacity of the daughter steel structure material; dkIndicating the temperature of the environment in which the sub-steel structure is located;
comparing the relation between the average temperature of the sub steel structure during welding and a preset value, and alarming when the average temperature is greater than the preset value;
in this embodiment, for the formula:
Figure BDA0003219061250000142
for example, it may be: when the welding voltage is 200V, the welding current is 20A, the total length of the welding seam is 10cm, and the welding speed is 10cm/h, the value of the total heat delta in the welding process of the sub-steel structure is calculated to be 3200 j.
In this embodiment, for the formula:
Figure BDA0003219061250000143
for example, it may be: coefficient of heat exchange haThe value is 0.02 j/(cm)2DEG C) the surface area c of the sub-steel structure is 10cm2The weight T of the sub-steel structure is 2kg, the specific heat capacity kappa of the material of the sub-steel structure is 1j/kg DEG C, the temperature of the air is 20 ℃, the total length lambda of the welding line is 10cm, and the average temperature 332 ℃ of the sub-steel structure during welding is calculated when the welding speed v is 10 cm/h.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: through the heating power effect during the welding of simulation steel construction to obtain the type variable value of steel construction, and according to the type variable value and self gravity of steel construction, carry out the atress analysis, thereby obtain the residual stress of steel construction, through the welding of simulation steel construction, make the designer can be according to the simulation result, in time adjust welding design, avoid taking place the incident.
Example 11
A system for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS, as shown in fig. 2, comprising:
the acquisition unit acquires the steel structure welding part and welding parameters and generates a sub-welding unit based on the welding part;
the prediction unit determines the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a live and dead unit sequence, simulates welding in ABAQUS software based on the live and dead unit sequence, and predicts the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure;
and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the steel structure welding part and the welding parameters based on the predicted steel structure welding residual stress value and deformation value.
The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are already described in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

1. A method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting a steel structure welding part and welding parameters, and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part;
step 2, determining the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a life and death unit sequence, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the life and death unit sequence, and predicting the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure;
step 3, adjusting the steel structure welding part and welding parameters based on the predicted steel structure welding residual stress value and deformation value;
in step 1, collecting a steel structure welding part and welding parameters, and generating a sub-welding unit based on the welding part comprises:
scanning a steel structure welding drawing to obtain an engineering dot matrix diagram, carrying out color detection on each sub-dot matrix in the engineering dot matrix diagram to obtain RGB components in each sub-dot matrix, and carrying out graying on the RGB components of the sub-dot matrixes based on preset weight to obtain a gray level image of the engineering dot matrix diagram;
selecting two windows, taking a larger window as a search window, performing traversal search on a gray level image of an engineering dot matrix image to obtain a plurality of sub search images, taking a smaller window as a field window, traversing the edge of the sub search images, calculating index values of eight neighborhood dot matrixes of the sub traversal dot matrixes, contrasting a preset index table, judging whether the sub traversal dot matrixes need to be reserved or not so as to obtain a sub effective dot matrix set, obtaining a gray level mean value of the dot matrixes in the sub effective dot matrix set through calculation, and assigning values to a central dot matrix of the sub search images based on the gray level mean value to obtain a second gray level image;
performing horizontal line detection on each sub-pixel in the second gray image to obtain a horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, generating a sub-field line of the sub-pixel based on the horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, taking a region where the sub-pixel with the sub-field line direction within a preset angle and adjacent to the sub-pixel is located as a sub-line supporting region, taking an inertia axis of the sub-line supporting region as a main axis direction to generate a sub-rectangular region with a preset area, taking the sub-pixel with the pixel angle of the horizontal line of the sub-pixel in the sub-rectangular region corresponding to the angle of the rectangle reaching a preset tolerance as an alignment point, counting the total number of the sub-pixels in the sub-rectangular region and the total number of the alignment point, and marking the sub-line supporting region as a line segment when the ratio of the total number of the alignment point to the total number of the sub-pixels is within a preset range, thereby obtaining a plurality of sub-line segments;
performing connectivity detection on the second gray scale image based on a preset connectivity detection algorithm to obtain a connected region in the second gray scale image, performing association detection on the connected region and sub-line segments based on a preset threshold algorithm, and marking the sub-line segments with the association greater than the preset value to obtain characters in the engineering drawing;
detecting gaps in a character area to obtain the gaps in the character area, segmenting the character based on the gaps to obtain a sub-single character image, globally analyzing the sub-single character based on a preset recognition algorithm to obtain a first feature point of the character image, locally analyzing the character image based on the first feature point, extracting lines of the character, and obtaining a second feature point of the lines;
selecting a region with a second characteristic point in the local region as a key region, inputting the second characteristic point of the key region into a stability discrimination model, determining a characteristic stability value of the key region, and identifying a sub-single character based on the characteristic stability value to obtain the character meaning in the engineering drawing.
2. The ABAQUS-based method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 of acquiring a welding part and welding parameters of the steel structure and generating the sub-welding unit based on the welding part comprises:
in a gray level image of an engineering dot matrix image, establishing a detection window by taking each sub-dot matrix as a center, obtaining a plurality of sub-detection windows, moving the sub-detection windows along a random direction, recording sub-variation of gray level values in the sub-detection windows, marking the sub-dot matrix corresponding to the sub-detection windows as sub-corner points if the sub-variation is larger than a preset value, and carrying out diagonalization on the sub-variation based on a preset algorithm to obtain a structure tensor of the sub-dot matrix, analyzing the sub-dot matrix based on a preset corner point response function to obtain response values of the sub-corner points, and judging the type of the sub-corner points based on the response values of the sub-corner points, thereby obtaining the type of each sub-corner point;
carrying out edge detection on a gray level image of the engineering dot map to obtain an edge image, transforming the edge image, mapping the edge image into a corresponding transformation space to obtain a first detection map, and counting the number of local line intersections in the first detection map to obtain the number of intersections and intersection coordinates;
classifying the types of the sub-corner points, the number of the intersection points and the coordinates of the intersection points based on the character meaning in the engineering drawing to obtain a plurality of sub-component information, and generating a plurality of sub-welding units based on the plurality of sub-component information.
3. The ABAQUS-based method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure according to claim 1, wherein, in step 2, the welding sequence of the sub-welding units is determined based on the welding parameters, thereby obtaining a sequence of live and dead units, the welding is simulated in ABAQUS software based on the sequence of live and dead units, and the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure are predicted, comprising:
carrying out model construction in ABAQUS software based on sub-welding units so as to obtain a plurality of sub-model blocks, randomly generating orientation parameters of each sub-model block based on the number of the sub-model blocks to obtain a random orientation file, reading the random orientation file of the sub-model blocks through a script program of ABAQUS, generating an ABAQUS representative unit model with a uniform structure, and using the ABAQUS representative unit model as a welding model of a sub-steel structure;
manually setting the orientation files of the sub-model blocks in the ABAQUS based on welding parameters, adding the welding parameters to the sub-model blocks to obtain a plurality of sub-living and dead sub-steel structure units, performing summation on the plurality of sub-model blocks of the sub-living and dead sub-steel structure units, deleting redundant lines inside, and forming an ABAQUS sub-unit model of the sub-steel structure welding unit after multiple times of comparison and correction so as to obtain an ABAQUS model of a steel structure;
and carrying out simulation calculation on the ABAQUS model by using an ABAQUS script program to obtain a heat source model for welding the steel structure, simulating the shaping deformation of the steel structure based on the heat source model to obtain a sub-prediction deformation value of a steel structure subunit model, and carrying out stress analysis on the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the sub-prediction deformation value of the steel structure to obtain a prediction sub-residual stress value of each component of the steel structure.
4. The ABAQUS based method of welding residual stress and deformation for steel structures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3 of adjusting the welding parts and welding parameters for steel structures based on the predicted welding residual stress value and deformation value for steel structures comprises:
judging whether the sub-prediction deformation value of each part of the steel structure is in a first preset range, if so, judging whether the sub-prediction deformation value is in a second preset range, if so, adjusting the welding parameters of the steel structure welding part and the welding parameters, if not, adjusting the welding parameters, reconstructing and simulating the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the adjusted welding parameters until the sub-prediction deformation value reaches the second preset range, and storing the adjusted welding parameters;
and if the sub-prediction deformation value is not within the first preset range, adjusting the welding part, reconstructing and simulating the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the adjusted welding part until the sub-prediction deformation value reaches the first preset range, and storing the adjusted welding part.
5. The ABAQUS-based method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure according to claim 1, wherein said welding parameters comprise: welding sequence, welding current, welding voltage, welding speed, the number of multi-layer and multi-pass welding, ambient temperature, cooling speed and material coefficient.
6. The ABAQUS-based method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure according to claim 1, wherein, in step 2, the welding sequence of the sub-welding units is determined based on the welding parameters, thereby obtaining a sequence of live and dead units, the welding is simulated in ABAQUS software based on the sequence of live and dead units, and the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure are predicted, comprising:
and applying a temperature load to the ABAQUS subunit model by adopting an internal heat rate heat source model, and activating the units in the steel structure ABAQUS model one by using a living and dead unit method to simulate the welding process in the construction process.
7. The ABAQUS based method of welding residual stress and deformation for steel structures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3 of adjusting the welding parts and welding parameters for steel structures based on the predicted welding residual stress value and deformation value for steel structures comprises:
and extracting and storing the adjusted welding parameters and the adjusted welding parts to obtain changed data, evaluating the changed data based on preset evaluation indexes, exporting the evaluation result in a text form to obtain an evaluation text, importing the adjusted welding parameters, the adjusted welding parts and the evaluation text into a preset template to obtain an evaluation report.
8. The ABAQUS-based method for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 of determining a welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters to obtain a sequence of live and dead units, simulating welding in ABAQUS software based on the sequence of live and dead units, and predicting the welding residual stress value and deformation value of the steel structure further comprises:
and analyzing the ABAQUS model of the steel structure based on the sub-prediction deformation value and a preset embedded self-defined steel structure subprogram VUMAT to obtain the orthogonal anisotropy of each subunit so as to obtain the prediction sub-residual stress value of the subunit.
9. A system for welding residual stress and deformation of a steel structure based on ABAQUS comprises:
the acquisition unit acquires the steel structure welding part and welding parameters and generates a sub-welding unit based on the welding part;
the prediction unit determines the welding sequence of the sub-welding units based on the welding parameters so as to obtain a live and dead unit sequence, simulates welding in ABAQUS software based on the live and dead unit sequence, and predicts the welding residual stress value and the deformation value of the steel structure;
the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the steel structure welding component and the welding parameters based on the predicted steel structure welding residual stress value and deformation value;
the acquisition unit comprises:
scanning a steel structure welding drawing to obtain an engineering dot matrix diagram, carrying out color detection on each sub-dot matrix in the engineering dot matrix diagram to obtain RGB components in each sub-dot matrix, and carrying out graying on the RGB components of the sub-dot matrixes based on preset weight to obtain a gray level image of the engineering dot matrix diagram;
selecting two windows, taking a larger window as a search window, performing traversal search on a gray level image of an engineering dot matrix image to obtain a plurality of sub search images, taking a smaller window as a field window, traversing the edge of the sub search images, calculating index values of eight neighborhood dot matrixes of the sub traversal dot matrixes, contrasting a preset index table, judging whether the sub traversal dot matrixes need to be reserved or not so as to obtain a sub effective dot matrix set, obtaining a gray level mean value of the dot matrixes in the sub effective dot matrix set through calculation, and assigning values to a central dot matrix of the sub search images based on the gray level mean value to obtain a second gray level image;
performing horizontal line detection on each sub-pixel in the second gray image to obtain a horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, generating a sub-field line of the sub-pixel based on the horizontal line angle of the sub-pixel, taking a region where the sub-pixel with the sub-field line direction within a preset angle and adjacent to the sub-pixel is located as a sub-line supporting region, taking an inertia axis of the sub-line supporting region as a main axis direction to generate a sub-rectangular region with a preset area, taking the sub-pixel with the pixel angle of the horizontal line of the sub-pixel in the sub-rectangular region corresponding to the angle of the rectangle reaching a preset tolerance as an alignment point, counting the total number of the sub-pixels in the sub-rectangular region and the total number of the alignment point, and marking the sub-line supporting region as a line segment when the ratio of the total number of the alignment point to the total number of the sub-pixels is within a preset range, thereby obtaining a plurality of sub-line segments;
performing connectivity detection on the second gray scale image based on a preset connectivity detection algorithm to obtain a connected region in the second gray scale image, performing association detection on the connected region and the sub-line segments based on a preset threshold algorithm, and marking the sub-line segments with the association greater than the preset value to obtain characters in the engineering drawing;
detecting gaps in a character area to obtain gaps in the character area, segmenting the character based on the gaps to obtain a sub-single character image, globally analyzing the sub-single character based on a preset recognition algorithm to obtain first feature points of the character image, locally analyzing the character image based on the first feature points, extracting lines of the character, and obtaining second feature points of the lines;
selecting a region with a second characteristic point in the local region as a key region, inputting the second characteristic point of the key region into a stability discrimination model, determining a characteristic stability value of the key region, and identifying a sub-single character based on the characteristic stability value to obtain the character meaning in the engineering drawing.
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