CN113845747A - Anti-adhesion resin-based friction material added with low-surface-energy filler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-adhesion resin-based friction material added with low-surface-energy filler and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-blocking resin-based friction material added with a low-surface-energy filler and a preparation method thereof. The beneficial effects are that: the low surface energy filler plays a role in lubrication, and simultaneously, hydrophobic oil-resistant micro-areas with different sizes are formed on the surface of the material, so that the adhesion tendency of water and oil liquid on the surface is reduced, and the adhesion resistance is improved. Meanwhile, in the process of material friction, the good film forming property of the low surface energy filler enables a friction interface to easily form a large-area friction platform, and reduces the wear rate. In addition, the friction material is further strengthened and toughened by the better plasticity of the low-surface-energy filler, and the overall performance of the friction material is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of friction materials, and relates to an anti-blocking resin-based friction material added with a low-surface-energy filler and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The resin-based friction material is a multi-element composite material which has the main function of friction and structural strength, and is mainly used for transmitting power in a friction transmission device and absorbing kinetic energy in a braking system so as to slow down or stop the movement of equipment. Generally, the automobile brake material consists of a fiber reinforcement, a resin binder and a friction performance regulator, and is widely used as an automobile brake material and gradually applied to airplane airborne equipment due to the advantages of good thermal stability, high mechanical strength, strong heat conductivity, excellent friction and wear performance, simple preparation process, low cost, environmental protection and the like. In order to adapt to more severe working conditions, the materials are required to have wider service temperature, higher strength and lower wear rate.
Due to different seasons and regions, the working temperature of the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based friction material for the airplane airborne equipment is sometimes as low as-60 ℃, the tribological characteristics and the law of the friction material at low temperature are different from room temperature, particularly the problem of frictional adhesion of friction byproducts caused by the formation of condensed water and the diffusion of grease for lubricating a bearing is solved, and the friction torque is suddenly increased during starting, so that the function failure of the device is caused, and the potential safety hazard is brought; low-temperature friction adhesion is always a problem to be solved urgently by airborne equipment, and the use of carbon fiber reinforced resin-based friction materials is severely limited.
Document 1, "chinese patent publication No. CN109971423A," discloses a method for preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene-containing asbestos-free friction material. The method comprises the steps of stirring and mixing graphite, aramid fiber, copper fiber, mineral fiber and barium sulfate, and then adding the rest of components to mix to prepare a mixture A. And then placing the A into a mould to carry out hot pressing to obtain a material B, and then carrying out heat treatment, heat preservation and cooling to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene-containing asbestos-free friction material. The friction material prepared by the method has stable friction coefficient, low wear rate and low noise, and particularly has low wear rate at 350 ℃, but the copper-containing fiber in the raw material of the method is easy to adhere with a metal couple if used under a low-temperature condition, so that the normal work of a friction pair is influenced.
Literature 2 "Wangchun, Quhui, Wangzhong, Vast. test study on anti-freeze adhesion properties of Teflon coated rollers [ J ] mechanical strength, 2016,38(04): 698-702" reports the changes in adhesion properties of different materials under different temperature and different freezing time conditions. The result shows that the normal and tangential freeze-bonding strength of the Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is lower than that of other materials, and the PTFE has good anti-adhesion capability. However, the research is only directed at the anti-blocking performance of the material coating, and the research is not related to the friction blocking performance of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an anti-adhesion resin-based friction material added with a low-surface-energy filler and a preparation method thereof, wherein the surface energy of the material is reduced by introducing the low-surface-energy filler into the traditional resin-based friction material, the adhesion problem of the resin-based friction material is improved, and the antifouling and anti-adhesion properties of the material are improved. The resin-based friction material prepared by the preparation method has the characteristics of good adhesion resistance, low wear rate, high shear strength and the like.
Technical scheme
An anti-blocking resin-based friction material added with low surface energy filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 17-24% of chopped fiber, 1-2% of carbon black, 18-22% of binder and 45-52% of friction performance regulator; the method is characterized in that 3-9% of low surface energy filler is introduced, and hydrophobic oil-resistant micro-areas with different sizes are formed on the surface of the material; the low surface energy filler is one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene or polysiloxane.
The chopped fiber is one or more of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, nylon fiber, cotton fiber, sisal fiber or boron fiber.
The binder is one or more of cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin, melamine modified phenolic resin, boron modified phenolic resin, epoxy resin, modified epoxy resin, nitrile rubber, silicon rubber or other thermosetting engineering resin.
The friction performance regulator is one or more of alumina, barium sulfate, fluorite, calcium carbonate, kaolin, zinc oxide, chromite or diatomite.
A method for preparing the anti-blocking resin-based friction material added with the low-surface-energy filler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: dispersing the low-surface-energy filler in deionized water to obtain a dispersion, pouring the dispersion into a Buchner funnel, performing suction filtration by using a vacuum filter, and then placing the filler in an oven for drying;
step 2: mixing the chopped fibers and the carbon black in a high-speed mixer for 2-4s, and mixing once every 5-8min for three times; then the adhesive, the friction performance regulator and the low surface energy filler are mixed in a high-speed mixer for 3-6s, and are mixed once every 5-10min for three times;
and step 3: uniformly filling the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a hot-pressing mold, and putting the mold into a vulcanizing machine for hot pressing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 150-; the vulcanizing machine is preheated to a hot-pressing temperature;
and 4, step 4: placing the friction material preform in a forced air drying box for heat treatment, setting a program to start heating from room temperature, firstly heating to 115-125 ℃, and preserving heat; and then continuously heating to 175-185 ℃, preserving the temperature, and cooling to room temperature along with an air-blast drying box to obtain the anti-blocking resin-based friction material.
The step 3 comprises the following hot pressing processes: the temperature of the die is controlled to be 165 +/-5 ℃ of the upper die, 155 +/-5 ℃ of the die core, 155 +/-5 ℃ of the lower die, 155 +/-5 ℃ of the die frame, the pressing pressure of the die is 6-10MPa, the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 8-15 minutes, the air is exhausted for 7-12 times in the hot pressing process, and the air is exhausted for 4-8 seconds each time.
The temperature of the heat treatment in the step 4 is raised for 15-25min from room temperature to 115-125 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 55-65 min; then continuously heating for 8-15min to 135-145 ℃, and preserving heat for 85-95 min; then heating for 8-15min to 155-165 ℃; and then heating for 8-15min to 175-185 ℃, preserving the heat for 55-65min, and cooling to room temperature along with an air drying box to obtain the anti-blocking resin-based friction material.
Advantageous effects
According to the anti-blocking resin-based friction material added with the low-surface-energy filler and the preparation method, the low-surface-energy filler is introduced into the traditional resin-based friction material to reduce the surface free energy of the material, so that the hydrophobic oil resistance of the material is effectively improved. The beneficial effects are that: the low surface energy filler plays a role in lubrication, and simultaneously, hydrophobic oil-resistant micro-areas with different sizes are formed on the surface of the material, so that the adhesion tendency of water and oil liquid on the surface is reduced, and the adhesion resistance is improved. Meanwhile, in the process of material friction, the good film forming property of the low surface energy filler enables a friction interface to easily form a large-area friction platform, and reduces the wear rate. In addition, the friction material is further strengthened and toughened by the better plasticity of the low-surface-energy filler, and the overall performance of the friction material is improved.
In the invention, a low-surface-energy substance is used as a filler, a preparation process of the resin-based friction material with obvious synergistic effect is invented, and the service range of the conventional resin-based friction material is widened. Introducing low surface energy filler into resin-based friction material not only reduces the surface energy of the material and improves the hydrophobic oil resistance of the resin-based friction material, but also enables the material to obtainLower wear rate and higher shear strength. The anti-blocking property of the resin-based friction material can be regulated and controlled by changing the adding amount of the low-surface-energy filler. The low surface energy filler has small grain diameter, good dispersity in resin-based friction materials and good temperature resistance, and can exert excellent performance in a large temperature range. Meanwhile, the low surface energy filler has good hydrophobic and oleophobic properties, a hydrophobic and oleophobic micro-area which takes the low surface energy filler as the center is formed on the surface of the friction material, the water contact angle and the oil contact angle of the surface of the friction material are increased, so that the surface of the material is not easy to adhere to a liquid medium, and the antifouling and anti-blocking properties are improved. Meanwhile, the film forming property of the low surface energy filler is excellent, and a large-area continuous smooth friction platform is easily formed on the surface of the friction material along with the friction, so that the wear rate of the material is obviously reduced. In addition, the low surface energy filler has good plasticity, can generate a synergistic effect with a brittle friction material, plays a role in second-phase dispersion strengthening, and obviously improves the shear strength of the friction material. The resin-based friction material prepared by the invention has a surface water contact angle of 117-125 degrees, an improved surface oil contact angle of nearly 25 percent, a surface free energy of 25-35 percent and a wear rate of 1.68 multiplied by 10-8cm3/J-5.6×10-9cm3The maximum amplitude of the shear strength reaches 58.2 percent, the shear strength reaches 14.83MPa-21.80MPa, the maximum amplitude is 95.3 percent, the lower surface energy, the excellent wear resistance and the excellent shear resistance are shown, and a way is provided for the optimal design of the anti-adhesion, low-wear and high-strength resin-based friction material.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the examples:
example 1:
the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing 25g of chopped fibers according to the mass percentage, wherein the mass percentage of the chopped fibers is 18g of chopped carbon fibers and 7g of aramid fibers; 1g of carbon black; 22g of binder, namely 15g of cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin and 7g of nitrile rubber; 49g of friction performance regulator, namely 6g of aluminum oxide, 10g of barium sulfate, 20g of fluorite powder and 13g of calcium carbonate; 3g of low-surface energy filler which is polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder.
Step two: dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder in deionized water by using an electromagnetic stirrer, electromagnetically stirring for 20min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, pouring the uniform dispersion liquid of the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder into a Buchner funnel, performing suction filtration by using a vacuum suction filter, then placing the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder in an oven, drying for 30min at the temperature of 60 ℃, and taking out.
Step three: placing the chopped carbon fibers, the aramid fibers and the carbon black into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a rotating speed of 25000r/min for three times at an interval of 5min for 3s every time, and standing for 20min after the third mixing; and then the weighed adhesive, the friction performance regulator and the low-surface energy filler are placed in a high-speed mixer to be mixed, the mixing time is 3s each time, and the mixing time is three times at intervals of 5 min.
Step four: accurately weighing 15.44g of the mixture, and uniformly filling the mixture into a hot-pressing die.
Step five: and (3) preheating a vulcanizing machine to 160 ℃, and then putting the mould filled with the mixture into the vulcanizing machine for hot pressing, wherein the hot pressing pressure is 6MPa, and the hot pressing time is 600 s. The first 400s and the second 200s are respectively deflated for 4s every 50s and 4s every 100s, so as to obtain the resin-based friction material preform.
Step six: and fixing the front and back surfaces of the friction material preform by using a clamp, and placing the friction material preform in a blast drying box. Setting a program, heating the friction material for 20min from room temperature, heating to 120 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60 min; then continuously heating for 10min, heating to 140 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 90 min; then heating for 10min, heating to 160 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min; and heating for 10min, heating to 180 ℃, keeping the temperature for 60min, and cooling to room temperature along with the air-blast drying oven to obtain the anti-blocking resin-based friction material.
The resin-based friction material prepared in the embodiment has an average water contact angle of 106.53 degrees, an amplification degree of 6.5 percent, an average oil contact angle of 30.67 degrees, an amplification degree of 20 percent, an average surface free energy of 35.01mN/m, an amplification degree of 10 percent and a wear rate of 1.68 multiplied by 10- 8cm3J, the reduction amplitude is 30.8 percent, the shear strength is 21.80MPa, and the amplification is 95.3 percent.
Example 2:
the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing 25g of chopped fibers according to the mass percentage, wherein the mass percentage of the chopped fibers is 18g of chopped carbon fibers and 7g of aramid fibers; 1g of carbon black; 22g of binder, namely 15g of cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin and 7g of nitrile rubber; 46g of friction performance regulator, namely 6g of aluminum oxide, 10g of barium sulfate, 20g of fluorite powder and 10g of calcium carbonate; 6g of low surface energy filler is polyethylene.
Step two: dispersing polyethylene micropowder in deionized water by using an electromagnetic stirrer, electromagnetically stirring for 20min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, pouring the uniform dispersion liquid of the polyethylene micropowder into a Buchner funnel, performing suction filtration by using a vacuum suction filter, then placing the polyethylene micropowder in an oven, drying for 30min at the temperature of 60 ℃, and taking out.
Step three: placing the chopped carbon fibers, the aramid fibers and the carbon black into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a rotating speed of 25000r/min for three times at an interval of 5min for 3s every time, and standing for 20min after the third mixing; and then the weighed adhesive, the friction performance regulator and the low-surface energy filler are placed in a high-speed mixer to be mixed, the mixing time is 3s each time, the interval is 5min, and the mixing time is three times.
Step four: accurately weighing 15.44g of the mixture, and uniformly filling the mixture into a hot-pressing die.
Step five: and (3) preheating a vulcanizing machine to 160 ℃, and then putting the mould filled with the mixture into the vulcanizing machine for hot pressing, wherein the hot pressing pressure is 6MPa, and the hot pressing time is 600 s. The first 400s and the second 200s are respectively deflated for 4s every 50s and 4s every 100s, so as to obtain the resin-based friction material preform.
Step six: and fixing the front and back surfaces of the friction material preform by using a clamp, and placing the friction material preform in a blast drying box. Setting a program, heating the friction material for 20min from room temperature, heating to 120 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60 min; then continuously heating for 10min, heating to 140 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 90 min; then heating for 10min, heating to 160 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min; and heating for 10min, heating to 180 ℃, keeping the temperature for 60min, and cooling to room temperature along with the air-blast drying oven to obtain the anti-blocking resin-based friction material.
The resin-based friction material prepared in the example had an average water contact angle of 110.52 degrees, an amplification of 10.5 percent, an average oil contact angle of 35.38 degrees, and an amplification of 17.9 degreesPercent, the average surface free energy is 31.76mN/m, the reduction amplitude is 18.7 percent, and the wear rate is 8.4 multiplied by 10-9cm3J, the reduction amplitude is 36.4 percent, the shear strength is 20.64MPa, and the amplification is 84.9 percent.
Example 3:
the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing 25g of chopped fibers according to the mass percentage, wherein the mass percentage of the chopped fibers is 18g of chopped carbon fibers and 7g of aramid fibers; 1g of carbon black; 22g of binder, namely 15g of cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin and 7g of nitrile rubber; 43g of friction performance regulator, namely 6g of aluminum oxide, 10g of barium sulfate, 20g of fluorite powder and 7g of calcium carbonate; and 9g of low-surface-energy filler is polypropylene.
Step two: dispersing polypropylene micropowder in deionized water by using an electromagnetic stirrer, electromagnetically stirring for 20min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, pouring the polypropylene micropowder uniform dispersion liquid into a Buchner funnel, performing suction filtration by using a vacuum filter, then placing the polypropylene micropowder in an oven, drying for 30min at 60 ℃, and taking out.
Step three: placing the chopped carbon fibers, the aramid fibers and the carbon black into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a rotating speed of 25000r/min for three times at an interval of 5min for 3s every time, and standing for 20min after the third mixing; and then the weighed adhesive, the friction performance regulator and the low-surface energy filler are placed in a high-speed mixer to be mixed, the mixing time is 3s each time, the interval is 5min, and the mixing time is three times.
Step four: accurately weighing 15.44g of the mixture, and uniformly filling the mixture into a hot-pressing die.
Step five: and (3) preheating a vulcanizing machine to 160 ℃, and then putting the mould filled with the mixture into the vulcanizing machine for hot pressing, wherein the hot pressing pressure is 6MPa, and the hot pressing time is 600 s. The first 400s was deflated for 4s every 50s, and the second 200s was deflated for 4s every 100s, to obtain a preform of resin-based friction material.
Step six: and fixing the front and back surfaces of the friction material preform by using a clamp, and placing the friction material preform in a blast drying box. Setting a program, heating the friction material for 20min from room temperature, heating to 120 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60 min; then continuously heating for 10min, heating to 140 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 90 min; then heating for 10min, heating to 160 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min; and heating for 10min, heating to 180 ℃, keeping the temperature for 60min, and cooling to room temperature along with the air-blast drying oven to obtain the anti-blocking resin-based friction material.
The resin-based friction material prepared in the example has an average water contact angle of 115.71 degrees, an amplification degree of 12.7 percent, an average oil contact angle of 45.26 degrees, an amplification degree of 50.9 percent, an average surface free energy of 26.56mN/m, a reduction degree of 29.8 percent and a wear rate of 5.6 multiplied by 10-9cm3J, the reduction amplitude is 56.7 percent, the shear strength is 14.83MPa, and the amplification is 32.9 percent.
Claims (7)
1. An anti-blocking resin-based friction material added with low surface energy filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 17-24% of chopped fiber, 1-2% of carbon black, 18-22% of binder and 45-52% of friction performance regulator; the method is characterized in that 3-9% of low surface energy filler is introduced, and hydrophobic oil-resistant micro-areas with different sizes are formed on the surface of the material; the low surface energy filler is one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene or polysiloxane.
2. The anti-blocking resin-based friction material with low surface energy filler added according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chopped fiber is one or more of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, nylon fiber, cotton fiber, sisal fiber or boron fiber.
3. The anti-blocking resin-based friction material with low surface energy filler added according to claim 1, characterized in that: the binder is one or more of cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin, melamine modified phenolic resin, boron modified phenolic resin, epoxy resin, modified epoxy resin, nitrile rubber, silicon rubber or other thermosetting engineering resin.
4. The anti-blocking resin-based friction material with low surface energy filler added according to claim 1, characterized in that: the friction performance regulator is one or more of alumina, barium sulfate, fluorite, calcium carbonate, kaolin, zinc oxide, chromite or diatomite.
5. A method for preparing the anti-blocking resin-based friction material added with the low-surface-energy filler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: dispersing the low-surface-energy filler in deionized water to obtain a dispersion, pouring the dispersion into a Buchner funnel, performing suction filtration by using a vacuum filter, and then placing the filler in an oven for drying;
step 2: mixing the chopped fibers and the carbon black in a high-speed mixer for 2-4s, and mixing once every 5-8min for three times; then the adhesive, the friction performance regulator and the low surface energy filler are mixed in a high-speed mixer for 3-6s, and are mixed once every 5-10min for three times;
and step 3: uniformly filling the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a hot-pressing mold, and putting the mold into a vulcanizing machine for hot pressing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 150-; the vulcanizing machine is preheated to a hot-pressing temperature;
and 4, step 4: placing the friction material preform in a forced air drying box for heat treatment, setting a program to start heating from room temperature, firstly heating to 115-125 ℃, and preserving heat; and then continuously heating to 175-185 ℃, preserving the temperature, and cooling to room temperature along with an air-blast drying box to obtain the anti-blocking resin-based friction material.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the step 3 comprises the following hot pressing processes: the temperature of the die is controlled to be 165 +/-5 ℃ of the upper die, 155 +/-5 ℃ of the die core, 155 +/-5 ℃ of the lower die, 155 +/-5 ℃ of the die frame, the pressing pressure of the die is 6-10MPa, the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 8-15 minutes, the air is exhausted for 7-12 times in the hot pressing process, and the air is exhausted for 4-8 seconds each time.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: the temperature of the heat treatment in the step 4 is raised for 15-25min from room temperature to 115-125 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 55-65 min; then continuously heating for 8-15min to 135-145 ℃, and preserving heat for 85-95 min; then heating for 8-15min to 155-165 ℃; and then heating for 8-15min to 175-185 ℃, preserving the heat for 55-65min, and cooling to room temperature along with an air drying box to obtain the anti-blocking resin-based friction material.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114806075A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-07-29 | 西北工业大学 | Low-temperature wear-resistant anti-adhesion carbon fiber reinforced resin-based friction material and preparation method thereof |
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| RU2022977C1 (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1994-11-15 | Мусаелян Изолина Николаевна | Polymer friction composition |
| CN112940448A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 山东金麒麟股份有限公司 | Hydrophobic friction material, brake pad and preparation method |
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- 2021-06-22 CN CN202110692105.8A patent/CN113845747A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2022977C1 (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1994-11-15 | Мусаелян Изолина Николаевна | Polymer friction composition |
| CN112940448A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 山东金麒麟股份有限公司 | Hydrophobic friction material, brake pad and preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114806075A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-07-29 | 西北工业大学 | Low-temperature wear-resistant anti-adhesion carbon fiber reinforced resin-based friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114806075B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-08-18 | 西北工业大学 | Low-temperature wear-resistant anti-adhesion carbon fiber reinforced resin-based friction material and preparation method thereof |
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