CN113845342A - Concrete water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113845342A CN113845342A CN202111191556.XA CN202111191556A CN113845342A CN 113845342 A CN113845342 A CN 113845342A CN 202111191556 A CN202111191556 A CN 202111191556A CN 113845342 A CN113845342 A CN 113845342A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Discloses a concrete permeable brick mixture, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: per unit volume dm3Calculating 380-480g of P.I 42.5 portland cement; 80-140g of fly ash; 1200 and 1430g of reinforced building aggregate; 18-30g of water reducing agent emulsion; mixing water 100-160 g. In addition, the preparation method of the permeable brick mixture and the concrete permeable brick prepared by the preparation method are also disclosed. Compared with the prior art, the concrete water permeable brick has higher water permeability rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a concrete water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization process, urban ground surfaces are covered by more and more impervious materials such as cement pavements, asphalt pavements and the like, so that traffic is facilitated, and meanwhile, many negative effects are caused. The impervious material blocks heat and moisture exchange between air and soil, so that urban temperature and humidity imbalance is caused, and an urban 'heat island effect' and 'rain island effect' are generated. The permeable brick pavement has the effects of relieving surface runoff, replenishing underground, purifying rainwater on the pavement, improving urban thermal environment, absorbing urban noise, improving urban surface soil ecological environment and the like.
The most widely applied and researched concrete permeable bricks in the prior art. The concrete permeable brick is prepared by mixing a cementing material, aggregate, an additive and water according to a certain proportion, and has certain water permeability, air permeability and water retention. The concrete water permeable brick is a communicated porous structure pavement which is directly paved and compacted. The concrete permeable brick is formed by mixing and hardening aggregate, cement, a water reducing agent, water and other materials, and is widely applied to projects such as buildings, municipal works, roads, foundations and the like.
The method is characterized in that the method researches the influence of the mixing amount of the fly ash on the dry bulk density and the compressive strength of the cement-fly ash concrete water permeable brick, and establishes a mathematical relation between the compressive strength and the air hole structure parameter of the concrete water permeable brick. The impact of the polycarboxylate water reducer, the melamine water reducer and the naphthalene water reducer on the performance of the concrete permeable brick is researched by the guanwen et al.
Chinese patent application CN103360010A discloses a method for preparing water permeable brick, which comprises: preparing a cementing material, wherein the raw material of the cementing material comprises calcium silicate slag. The preparation method of the water permeable brick provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly carrying out thermal activation treatment on calcium silicate slag, then preparing a cementing material by taking the thermally activated calcium silicate slag as a main raw material, and finally mixing, stirring and molding the calcium silicate slag cementing material serving as a binder with stone aggregate to prepare the water permeable brick. The prepared calcium silicate slag cementing material is an alkali-activated material and can react with stone aggregate to form A final hydration product which is C-S-A-alphA (alkali metal ions such as NA, K and the like) -H system gel, so that the cementing material and the stone aggregate form A whole, and the preparation process of the water permeable brick is free from baking and steaming and is molded under the normal temperature condition, and has higher compressive strength and good water permeable effect.
Chinese patent application CN107216092A discloses a cement-based flexible water permeable brick, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of rubber particles, 25-45 parts of steel slag, 15-30 parts of cement, 1.5-4 parts of dicyclopentadiene dioxide epoxy resin, 1-2 parts of modifier, 0.3-0.8 part of water reducer and 3-8 parts of water. On the premise of meeting the compressive strength and the water permeability coefficient, the cement-based flexible water permeable brick has the advantages of low elastic modulus, good shock absorption and noise reduction effects and good freezing resistance, can meet the requirement of people on comfort, has good noise reduction capability and freezing resistance, and can be applied to gardens, sidewalks, squares and the like in a large area.
Chinese patent application CN109354447A discloses a water permeable brick prepared from ceramsite sand, which comprises a bottom blank, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of ceramsite sand, 20-30 parts of cement, 0.5-1 part of accelerator and 5-10 parts of water reducer. In a preferred scheme, the water permeable brick further comprises a surface sand layer. The invention converts the solid waste reclaimed sand dedusting ash and the casting waste ash into the sintering-free ceramsite for preparing the water permeable brick, and has good economic and social benefits. The water permeable brick has good compressive strength, water retention property and water permeability rate, and completely meets the use standard of the water permeable brick.
However, the water permeability of the above water permeable bricks of the prior art, such as water permeability rate, is still unsatisfactory. On the basis of the prior art, the invention provides a concrete water permeable brick with better water permeability and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a concrete water permeable brick with better water permeability and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, on one hand, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the concrete permeable brick mixture is characterized in that the formula of the mixture is as follows: per unit volume dm3The calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
the water permeable brick mixture disclosed by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: per unit volume dm3The calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
the water permeable brick mixture provided by the invention is characterized in that the weight ratio of the P.I 42.5 portland cement to the fly ash is (3.5-4.5): 1.
preferably, the weight ratio of the P.I 42.5 portland cement to fly ash is (3.8-4.2): 1.
the water permeable brick mixture provided by the invention has a water-to-glue ratio of (0.24-0.32): 1.
preferably, the water-to-gel ratio of the mixture is (0.26-0.30): 1.
in the present invention, the water-cement ratio is defined as the weight ratio of water to (sum of the weight of p.i 42.5 portland cement and fly ash).
The water permeable brick mixture is characterized in that the building aggregate is formed by crushing and screening building garbage; the grain diameter is between 4.75 and 9.5 mm; the crush value was 13.6%; saturated water absorption is 7.9%; the apparent density is 2.54g/cm3。
The water permeable brick mixture is obtained by soaking building aggregate in 6-10 wt% sodium silicate aqueous solution for 1-4 h.
The pervious brick mixture provided by the invention is characterized in that the apparent density of the fly ash is 2.08g/cm3(ii) a The water demand ratio is 91.7 percent; loss on ignition 4.29%; 0.82 percent of sulfur trioxide; water content 0.24%; the 45 μm sieve residue was 9.2%.
The water permeable brick mixture provided by the invention has the solid content of 10-30 wt% of the water reducing agent emulsion.
Preferably, the solid content of the water reducing agent emulsion is 15-25 wt%.
The water permeable brick mixture is prepared by reacting methyl allyl polyoxyethylene ether, acrylic acid and a cationic acrylamide monomer with medium-chain fatty alkyl in the presence of an initiator.
The water permeable brick mixture is characterized in that the methallyl polyoxyethylene ether is selected from 3600 daltons with the average molecular weight Mn of 1200-3600.
Preferably, the methallyl polyoxyethylene ether is selected from the group consisting of the average molecular weights Mn of 1800 and 3000 daltons.
According to the water permeable brick mixture, the cationic acrylamide monomer with the medium-chain aliphatic alkyl is obtained by carrying out quaternization reaction on dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and halogenated hydrocarbon with the medium-chain aliphatic alkyl.
The water permeable brick mixture according to the present invention, wherein the medium chain aliphatic alkyl group is selected from a linear or branched alkyl group of 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
Preferably, the medium chain fatty alkyl group is selected from linear or branched alkyl groups of 10 to 14 carbon atoms.
The permeable brick mixture provided by the invention is characterized in that the molar ratio of the methallyl polyoxyethylene ether, the acrylic acid and the cationic acrylamide monomer with the medium-chain fatty alkyl is 10: (24-28): (2-6).
Preferably, the molar ratio of methallyl polyoxyethylene ether, acrylic acid and cationic acrylamide monomer with medium chain fatty alkyl group is 10: (25-27): (3-5).
The water permeable brick mixture is characterized in that the initiator is selected from ammonium persulfate.
The water permeable brick mixture is characterized in that the addition amount of the initiator is 1.4-3.0 wt% of the total amount of all monomers.
Preferably, the initiator is added in an amount of 1.8 to 2.6 wt% of the total amount of all monomers.
The water permeable brick mixture is prepared by mixing the raw materials, wherein the reaction temperature is 75-95 ℃; the reaction time is 2-10 h.
Preferably, the reaction temperature is 80-90 ℃; the reaction time is 4-8 h.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a water permeable brick mixture according to the present invention, comprising:
(1) dry mixing and stirring: adding the mixture except the water reducing agent emulsion and the water into a stirrer and stirring for 15-90 s;
(2) adding water for the first time: adding 30-70% of mixing water into the dry mixture, and then stirring for 15-90 s;
(3) and (3) secondary water addition: adding the water reducing agent emulsion and the rest of the mixing water with the concentration of 70-30% into a stirrer, and stirring for 15-90 s;
(4) and (3) continuously stirring after cleaning: and (4) pausing after the mixing water is completely added, cleaning the mixture adhered to the blades, the shafts and the inner wall of the stirrer, and finally stirring for 15-120s to obtain the permeable brick mixture.
Further, the invention provides a preparation method of the concrete water permeable brick, which comprises the following steps: and (3) loading the water permeable brick mixture into a mold, carrying out static pressure forming, demolding after 12-96h, and carrying out standard maintenance.
In a last aspect, the invention also provides the concrete water permeable brick obtained by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the concrete water permeable brick has higher water permeability rate.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, and those skilled in the art can clearly understand the present invention and can implement the present invention according to the detailed description. Features from different embodiments may be combined to yield new embodiments, or certain features may be substituted in certain embodiments to yield yet further preferred embodiments, without departing from the principles of the invention.
The following examples are merely illustrative of embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Weighing 100mmol of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAM) and 100mmol of lauryl chloride (DDC), adding 80mL of acetone and 5mmol of hydroquinone, stirring and reacting at 50 ℃ for 24h, cooling, crystallizing, filtering, washing for 3 times by anhydrous ether, recrystallizing by anhydrous ethyl acetate, and vacuum-drying at room temperature for 24h to obtain white crystals of DMAMDDC, wherein the yield is 87.4%.
1H NMR spectra showed multiple proton resonance peaks at δ -0.74-0.92, 1.22-1.38, 1.60-1.86, and 3.26-3.45, indicating that white crystals were quaternized with DMAM and DDC. IR spectrum at 718cm-1、1382cm-1、1462cm-1、2850cm-1And 2918cm-1Characteristic absorption peaks appear, and the quaternization reaction result is also confirmed.
Example 2
10mmol of methallyl polyoxyethylene ether (HPEG-2400, average molecular weight Mn 2400 Dalton) and 60mL of distilled water were added to a 250mL four-necked flask, heated to 85 ℃ with nitrogen, and stirred to dissolve the macromer HPEG-2400 sufficiently.
Preparing a 40mL mixed monomer solution A from 27mmol of monomer Acrylic Acid (AA) and 3mmol of cationic monomer DMAMDDC and a 10mL solution B prepared from 600mg of Ammonium Persulfate (APS) into a flask, slowly dropwise adding the mixed monomer solution A and the 10mL solution B into the flask within 2h, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 6h, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by using a saturated NaOH solution after the reaction is finished, and controlling the solid content of the emulsion to be 20% to obtain the water reducer emulsion.
Drying a small amount of water reducing agent emulsion into solid, placing the solid in an agate mortar, adding powdered potassium bromide dried by an infrared lamp, grinding and uniformly mixing, and tabletting a powdered sample by adopting KBr to prepare a sample. IR spectrum at 722cm-1、1255cm-1、1297cm-1、1382cm-1、1468cm-1、1627cm-1、2874cm-1And 2915cm-1、3468cm-1A characteristic absorption peak appears.
Example 3
The formula of the mixture of the concrete is as follows: per unit volume dm3The calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein, the building aggregate is formed by crushing and screening building garbage; the grain diameter is between 4.75 and 9.5 mm; the crush value was 13.6%; saturated water absorption is 7.9%; the apparent density is 2.54g/cm3(ii) a Soaking the reinforced building aggregate in 8 wt% sodium silicate solution for 2 h.
The apparent density of the fly ash is 2.08g/cm3(ii) a The water demand ratio is 91.7 percent; loss on ignition 4.29%; 0.82 percent of sulfur trioxide; water content 0.24%; the 45 μm sieve residue was 9.2%.
The concrete permeable brick mixture is prepared by adopting a secondary water adding method, and the concrete steps are as follows:
(1) dry mixing and stirring. Adding the mixture except the water reducing agent emulsion and the water into a stirrer and stirring for 45 s;
(2) adding water at one time. Adding 50% of mixing water into the dry mixture, and then stirring for 45 s;
(3) adding water for the second time. Adding the water reducing agent emulsion and the rest 50% of mixing water into a stirrer, and stirring for 45 s;
(4) and (5) continuously stirring after cleaning. And (4) pausing for 15s after all the mixing water is added, cleaning the mixture adhered to the blades, the shafts and the inner wall of the stirrer, and finally stirring for 60s to obtain the concrete permeable brick mixture.
(5) And (3) loading the concrete permeable brick mixture into a mold, carrying out static pressure forming by adopting a pressure of 8MPa, keeping the pressure for 30s, demolding after 48h, and carrying out standard 28d curing to obtain the concrete permeable brick.
Comparative example 1
10mmol of methallyl polyoxyethylene ether (HPEG-2400) and 60mL of distilled water were added to a 250mL four-necked flask, and the flask was heated to 85 ℃ with nitrogen introduction and stirred to dissolve the macromonomer HPEG-2400 sufficiently.
And slowly dropwise adding 30mmol of monomer Acrylic Acid (AA) into the flask to prepare 40mL of mixed monomer solution A and 10mL of solution B prepared from 600mg of Ammonium Persulfate (APS) within 2h, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 6h, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by using a saturated NaOH solution after the reaction is finished, and controlling the solid content of the emulsion to be 20% to obtain the water reducer emulsion.
Comparative example 2
The formula of the mixture of the concrete is as follows: per unit volume dm3The calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein, the building aggregate is formed by crushing and screening building garbage; the grain diameter is between 4.75 and 9.5 mm; the crush value was 13.6%; saturated water absorption is 7.9%; the apparent density is 2.54g/cm3(ii) a Soaking the reinforced building aggregate in 8 wt% sodium silicate solution for 2 h.
The apparent density of the fly ash is 2.08g/cm3(ii) a The water demand ratio is 91.7 percent; loss on ignition 4.29%; 0.82 percent of sulfur trioxide; water content 024%; the 45 μm sieve residue was 9.2%.
The concrete permeable brick mixture is prepared by adopting a secondary water adding method, and the concrete steps are as follows:
(1) dry mixing and stirring. Adding the mixture except the water reducing agent emulsion and the water into a stirrer and stirring for 45 s;
(2) adding water at one time. Adding 50% of mixing water into the dry mixture, and then stirring for 45 s;
(3) adding water for the second time. Adding the water reducing agent emulsion and the rest 50% of mixing water into a stirrer, and stirring for 45 s;
(4) and (5) continuously stirring after cleaning. And (4) pausing for 15s after all the mixing water is added, cleaning the mixture adhered to the blades, the shafts and the inner wall of the stirrer, and finally stirring for 60s to obtain the concrete permeable brick mixture.
(5) And (3) loading the concrete permeable brick mixture into a mold, carrying out static pressure forming by adopting a pressure of 8MPa, keeping the pressure for 30s, demolding after 48h, and carrying out standard 28d curing to obtain the concrete permeable brick.
Evaluation of Performance
The performance evaluation of the water permeable brick detects the compressive strength, the flexural strength and the water permeability rate of the recycled aggregate water permeable brick according to the test method of GB/T25993-.
See table 1 for results.
TABLE 1
Compared with the comparative example, the water permeable brick provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher water permeability.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the spirit and principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, deletions, modifications or adjustments may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the disclosure of the present invention, and such equivalents are also within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The concrete permeable brick mixture is characterized in that the formula of the mixture is as follows: per unit volume dm3The calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
2. the water permeable brick mixture according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the P.I 42.5 portland cement to fly ash is (3.5-4.5): 1.
3. the water permeable brick mixture according to claim 1, wherein the water-to-cement ratio of the mixture is (0.24-0.32): 1.
4. the water permeable brick mixture according to claim 1, wherein the building aggregate is crushed and sieved from building waste; the grain diameter is between 4.75 and 9.5 mm; the crush value was 13.6%; saturated water absorption is 7.9%; the apparent density is 2.54g/cm3(ii) a And/or, the reinforced building aggregate is obtained by soaking the building aggregate in 6-10 wt% sodium silicate aqueous solution for 1-4 h.
5. The water permeable brick mixture of claim 1, wherein the fly ash has an apparent density of 2.08g/cm3(ii) a The water demand ratio is 91.7 percent; loss on ignition 4.29%; 0.82 percent of sulfur trioxide; water content 0.24%; the 45 μm sieve residue was 9.2%.
6. The water permeable brick mixture according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent emulsion has a solid content of 10-30 wt%.
7. The water permeable brick mixture according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is obtained by reacting methallyl polyoxyethylene ether, acrylic acid and a cationic acrylamide monomer having a medium-chain aliphatic alkyl group in the presence of an initiator.
8. A method of producing the water permeable brick mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
(1) dry mixing and stirring: adding the mixture except the water reducing agent emulsion and the water into a stirrer and stirring for 15-90 s;
(2) adding water for the first time: adding 30-70% of mixing water into the dry mixture, and then stirring for 15-90 s;
(3) and (3) secondary water addition: adding the water reducing agent emulsion and the rest of the mixing water with the concentration of 70-30% into a stirrer, and stirring for 15-90 s;
(4) and (3) continuously stirring after cleaning: and (4) pausing after the mixing water is completely added, cleaning the mixture adhered to the blades, the shafts and the inner wall of the stirrer, and finally stirring for 15-120s to obtain the permeable brick mixture.
9. A preparation method of a concrete water permeable brick comprises the following steps: the water permeable brick mixture according to claim 8 is loaded into a mold, is subjected to static pressure forming, is demolded after 12 to 96 hours, and is subjected to standard curing.
10. A concrete water permeable brick obtained by the preparation method according to claim 9.
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